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| 1 | Alcohol metabolites and lipopolysaccharide: Roles in the development and/or progression of alcoholic liver disease显示文摘The onset of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is initiated by different cell types in the liver and a number of different factors including: products derived from ethanol-induced inflammation, ethanol metabolites, and the indirect reactions from those metabolites. Ethanol oxidation results in the production of metabolites that have been shown to bind and form protein adducts, and to increase inflammatory, fibrotic and cirrhotic responses. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has many deleterious effects and plays a significant role in a number of disease processes by increasing inflammatory cytokine release. In ALD, LPS is thought to be derived from a breakdown in the intestinal wall enabling LPS from resident gut bacterial cell walls to leak into the blood stream. The ability of adducts and LPS to independently stimulate the various cells of the liver provides for a two-hit mechanism by which various biological responses are induced and result in liver injury. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to evaluate the effects of a two-hit combination of ethanol metabolites and LPS on the cells of the liver to increase inflamma-tion and fi brosis, and play a role in the development and/or progression of ALD. | Courtney S Schaffert Michael J Duryee Carlos D Hunter Bartlett C Hamilton 3rd Amy L DeVeney Mary M Huerter Lynell W Klassen Geoffrey M Thiele | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，10： | 20 |
| 2 | 冠状动脉内影像学临床应用专家共识(第一部分):对冠状动脉介入治疗的指导与优化显示文摘欧洲心血管介入协会(EAPCI)专家组系统总结了血管内超声(IVUS)和光学相干断层成像(OCT)这两种血管内影像学检查临床应用指征的现有证据,提供了关于IVUS和OCT指导经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的应用价值,并明确了最可能从腔内影像学指导的介入治疗中获得临床收益的患者或病变类型,同时详细论述了PCI前如何使用IVUS或OCT优化支架尺寸(支架长度和直径)和手术策略的选择。此外,专家推荐对支架失败(支架内再狭窄或支架内血栓形成)的患者应常规进行冠状动脉内影像学检查,并首选OCT。最后,重点论述了IVUS和OCT在指导PCI和评估支架失败两个方面的优势和局限性,并对未来需要深入研究的领域进行了展望。 | Lorenz Raber Gary S Mintz Konstantinos C Koskinas Thomas W Johnson Niels R Holm Yoshinubo Onuma Maria D Radu Michael Joner Bo Yu Haibo Jia Nicolas Meneveau Jose M.de la Torre Hemandez Javier Escaned Jonathan Hill Francesco Prati Antonio Colombo Carlo di Mario Evelyn Regar Davide Capodanno William Wijns Robert A Byme Giulio Guagliumi | 2019 | 中华心血管病杂志2019，47，1： | 17 |
| 3 | Design of 16S rRNA gene primers for 454 pyrosequencing of the human foregut microbiome显示文摘AIM:To design and validate broad-range 16S rRNA primers for use in high throughput sequencing to classify bacteria isolated from the human foregut microbiome.METHODS:A foregut microbiome dataset was constructed using 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from oral,esophageal,and gastric microbiomes produced by Sanger sequencing in previous studies represented by 219 bacterial species.Candidate primers evaluated were from the European rRNA database.To assess the effect of sequence length on accuracy of classification,16S rRNA genes of various lengths were created by trimming the full length sequences.Sequences spanning various hypervariable regions were selected to simulate the amplicons that would be obtained using possible primer pairs.The sequences were compared with full length 16S rRNA genes for accuracy in taxonomic classification using online software at the Ribosomal Database Project (RDP).The universality of the primer set was evaluated using the RDP 16S rRNA database which is comprised of 433 306 16S rRNA genes,represented by 36 phyla.RESULTS:Truncation to 100 nucleotides(nt)downstream from the position corresponding to base 28 in the Escherichia coli 16S rRNA gene caused misclassification of 87(39.7%)of the 219 sequences,compared with misclassification of only 29(13.2%)sequences with truncation to 350 nt.Among 350-nt sequence reads within various regions of the 16S rRNA gene,the reverse read of an amplicon generated using the 343F/798R primers had the least(8.2%)effect on classification.In comparison,truncation to 900 nt mimicking single pass Sanger reads misclassified 5.0%of the 219 sequences.The 343F/798R amplicon accurately assigned 91.8%of the 219 sequences at the species level.Weighted by abundance of the species in the esophageal dataset,the 343F/798R amplicon yielded similar classification accuracy without a significant loss in species coverage(92%).Modification of the 343F/798R primers to 347F/803R increased their universality among foregut species.Assuming that a typicalpolymerase chain reaction can tolerate 2 mismatches between a primer and a template,the modified 347F and 803R primers should be able to anneal 98%and 99.6%of all 16S rRNA genes in the RDP database.CONCLUSION:347F/803R is the most suitable pair of primers for classification of foregut 16S rRNA genes but also possess universality suitable for analyses of other complex microbiomes. | Carlos W Nossa William E Oberdorf Jφrn A Aas Bruce J Paster Todd Z DeSantis Eoin L Brodie Daniel Malamud Michael A Poles Zhiheng Pei | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，33： | 16 |
| 4 | Attenuation of dextran sodium sulphate induced colitis in matrix metalloproteinase-9 deficient mice显示文摘AIM: To study whether matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a key factor in epithelial damage in the dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) model of colitis in mice.METHODS: MMP-9-deficient and wild-type (wt) mice were given 5% DSS in drinking water for 5 d followed by recovery up to 7 d. On d 5 and 12 after induction of colitis, gelatinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, were measured in homogenates of colonic tissue by zymography and Western blot, whereas tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) were measured by reverse zymography. The gelatinolytic activity was also determined in supernatants of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) isolated from mice blood. Moreover, intestinal epithelial cells were stimulated with TNF-α to study whether these cells were able to produce MMPs. Finally, colonic mucosal lesions were measured by microscopic examination. RESULTS: On d 5 of colitis, the activity of MMP-9 was increased in homogenates of colonic tissues (0.24 ± 0.1 vs 21.3 ± 6.4, P < 0.05) and PMN from peripheral blood in wt (0.5 ± 0.1 vs 10.4 ± 0.7, P < 0.05), but not in MMP-9-deficient animals. The MMP-9 activity was also up-regulated by TNF-α in epithelial intestinal cells (2.5 ± 0.5 vs 14.7 ± 3.0, P < 0.05). Although colitis also led to increase of TIMP-1 activity, the MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance remained elevated. Finally, in the MMP-9-deficient colitic mice both the extent and severity of intestinal epithelialinjury were significantly attenuated when compared with wt mice. CONCLUSION: We conclude that DSS induced colitis is markedly attenuated in animals lacking MMP-9. This suggests that intestinal injury induced by DSS is modu-lated by MMP-9 and that inhibition of this gelatinase may reduce inflammation. | Alfredo Santana Carlos Medina Maria Cristina Paz-Cabrera Federico Díaz-Gonzalez Esther Farré Antonio Salas Marek W Radomski Enrique Quintero | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，40： | 9 |
| 5 | Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract: Case reports and literature review显示文摘Neuroendocrine tumors(NET)previously called carcinoid tumors are neoplasms of enterochromaffin/neuroendocrine cell origin which display neurosecretory capacity that may result in the carcinoid syndrome.The annual incidence of patients with NET is 8.4 per 100000;yet many NET remain asymptomatic and clinically undetected.A majority of NET follows a benign course;however,some will display malignant characteristics.NET most commonly occur in the gastrointestinal tract(67%)and bronchopulmonary system(25%).Gastrointestinal NET occur within the stomach,small intestine,liver,and rectum.We report a retrospective study of 11 subjects:Eight with benign carcinoid tumors:duodenal bulb(n=2),terminal ileum(n=1),sigmoid colon(n=2),and rectum(n=3);three with malignant carcinoid:liver(n=1)and intra-abdominal site(n=2).The diagnosis,endoscopic images,outcome,treatment and review of the literature are presented. | William J Salyers Kenneth J Vega Juan Carlos Munoz Bruce W Trotman Silvio S Tanev | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2014，6，8： | 8 |
| 6 | Mucin-Producing Neoplasms of the Pancreas: An Analysis of Distinguishing Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics显示文摘 | Stefano Crippa Carlos Fernández–del Castillo Roberto Salvia Dianne Finkelstein Claudio Bassi Ismael Domínguez Alona Muzikansky Sarah P. Thayer Massimo Falconi Mari Mino–Kenudson Paola Capelli Gregory Y. Lauwers Stefano Partelli Paolo Pederzoli Andrew L. W | 2010 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2010，，2： | 2 |
| 7 | Chemotherapy triggers apoptosis in a caspase-8-dependent and mitochondria controlled manner in the non-small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H460显示文摘 | Carlos G Ferreira L Simone W | 2000 | Cancer Res2000，60，： | 1 |
| 8 | The blasto- cyst production rate and incidence of chromosomal abnormalitiesby developmental stage in vitro produced porcine embryos显示文摘 | Carlos M Midori U Yoshiza W A | 2008 | Reprod Dev2008，54，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Cerebral hemispheric lateralization in cardiac autonomic control显示文摘 | Byung W Y Carlos A M David F C | 1997 | Arch Neurol1997，54，： | 1 |
| 10 | New Era of Liver Transplantation for Hepatitis B: A 17-Year Single-Center Experience显示文摘 | Dean M. Anselmo Rafik M. Ghobrial Lee Chan Jung Michael Weaver Carlos Cao Sammy Saab Greg Kunder Pauline W. Chen Douglas G. Farmer Hasan Yersiz Angeles Baquerizo Sunil Geevarghese Steven H. Han Leonard Goldstein Curtis D. Holt Jeffrey A. Gornbein Ronald W | 2002 | Annals of Surgery2002，，5： | 1 |
| 11 | An Exploratory Study of Environmental Attitudes and the Willingness to Pay for Environmental Certi- fication in Mexico 显示文摘 | Bryan W H Michael V R Carlos E B M etal | 2014 | Business Research2014，67，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Polymorphisms for chemical metabolizing genes and risk for cervical neoplasia显示文摘 | Carlos H Sierra-Torres William W Au Concepcion D Arrastia | 2003 | Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis2003，41，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Preterm prema- ture rupture of membranes: is there an optimal gestational age for delivery? 显示文摘 | Lieman JM Brumfield CG Carlo W | 2005 | Obstet Gynecol2005，105，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Cytokines and neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants显示文摘 | Carlo W A Mcdonald S A Tyson J E | 2011 | J Pediatr2011，159，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Permissive hypercapnia显示文摘 | Thome U H Carlo W A | 2002 | Semin Neonatol2002，7，： | 1 |
| 16 | 3-(2-Carboxyethyl ) -4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid : An allosteric inhibitor of fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase at the AMP site 显示文摘 | WRIGHTS W CARLO A A DANLEY D E | 2003 | Bioorg Med Chem Lett2003，13，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Ultrastruc- tural localization of the corticotropin-releasing factor- binding protein in rat brain and pituitary 显示文摘 | Charles A P Carlos A Wylie W V | 1999 | The Journal of Comparative Neurology1999，413，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Semi-conductor-assisted photodegradation of liglin, dye, and kraft effluent by Ag-doped ZnO 显示文摘 | Carlos A K Goerver F W Sandra G M | 2000 | Chenmosphere2000，40，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Global robust disturbance attenuation and almost disturbance decoupling for uncertain cascaded nonlinear system显示文摘 | SU W XIE L de Souza CARLOS E | 1999 | Automatica1999，35，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Behaviour of defects in Semi-insulating 4H-SiC After Ultra- high Temperature Anneal Treatments 显示文摘 | GARCES N Y GLASER E R CARLOS W E | 2007 | Physica B2007，，401402： | 1 |
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