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| 1 | Retrograde-viewing device improves adenoma detection rate in colonoscopies for surveillance and diagnostic workup显示文摘AIM:To determine which patients might benefit most from retrograde viewing during colonoscopy through subset analysis of randomized,controlled trial data.METHODS:The Third Eye Retroscope Randomized Clinical Evaluation(TERRACE) was a randomized,controlled,multicenter trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a retrograde-viewing auxiliary imaging device that is used during colonoscopy to provide a second video image which allows viewing of areas on the proximal aspect of haustral folds and flexures that are difficult to see with the colonoscope's forward view.We performed a post-hoc analysis of the TERRACE data to determine whether certain subsets of the patient population would gain more benefit than others from use of the device.Subjects were patients scheduled for colonoscopy for screening,surveillance or diagnostic workup,and each underwent same-day tandem examinations with standard colonoscopy(SC) and Third Eye colonoscopy(TEC),randomized to SC followed by TEC or vice versa.RESULTS:Indication for colonoscopy was screening in 176/345 subjects(51.0%),surveillance after previous polypectomy in 87(25.2%) and diagnostic workup in 82(23.8%).In 4 subjects no indication was specified.Previously reported overall results had shown a net additional adenoma detection rate(ADR) with TEC of 23.2% compared to SC.Relative risk(RR) of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC as the initial procedure was 1.92(P = 0.029).Post-hoc subset analysis shows additional ADRs for TEC compared to SC were 4.4% for screening,35.7% for surveillance,55.4% for diagnostic and 40.7% for surveillance and diagnostic combined.The RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC was 1.11(P = 0.815) for screening,3.15(P = 0.014) for surveillance,8.64(P = 0.039) for diagnostic and 3.34(P = 0.003) for surveillance and diagnostic combined.Although a multivariate Poisson regression suggested gender as a possibly significant factor,subset analysis showed that the difference between genders was not statistically significant.Age,bowel prep quality and withdrawal time did not significantly affect the RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC.Mean sizes of adenomas detected with TEC and SC were similar at 0.59 cm and 0.56 cm,respectively(P = NS).CONCLUSION:TEC allows detection of significantly more adenomas compared to SC in patients undergoing surveillance or diagnostic workup,but not in screening patients(ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01044732). | Peter D Siersema Amit Rastogi Anke M Leufkens Paul A Akerman Kassem Azzouzi Richard I Rothstein Frank P Vleggaar Alessandro Repici Giacomo Rando Patrick I Okolo Olivier Dewit Ana Ignjatovic Elizabeth Odstrcil James East Pierre H Deprez Brian P Saunders Anthony N Kalloo Bradley Creel Vikas Singh Anne Marie Lennon Daniel C DeMarco | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，26： | 6 |
| 2 | Delayed assessment and eager adoption of laparoscopic cholecystectomy:Implications for developing surgical technologies显示文摘Despite the prevailing emphasis in the medical literature on establishing evidence,many changes in the practice of surgery have not been achieved using proper evidence-based assessment.This paper examines the adoption of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)into regular use for the treatment of cholecystitis and the process of its acceptance,focusing on the limited role of technology assessment in its appraisal.A review of the published medical literature concerning LC was performed.Approximately 3000 studies of LC have been conducted since 1985,and there have been nearly 8500 publications to date.As LC was adopted enthusiastically into practice,the results of outcome studies generally showed that it compared favorably with the traditional,open cholecystectomy with regard to mortality,complications,and length of hospital stay.However,despite the rapid general agreement on surgical technique,efficacy,and appropriateness,there remained lingering doubts about safety,outcomes,and cost of the procedure that suggested that essential research questions were ignored even as the procedure became standard.Using LC as a case study,there are important lessons to be learned about the need for important guidelines for surgical innovation and the adoption of minimally invasive surgical techniques into current clinical and surgical practice.We highlight one recent example,natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery and how necessary it is to properly evaluate this new technology before it is accepted as a safe and effective surgical option. | Alexander C Allori I Michael Leitman Elizabeth Heitman | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，33： | 3 |
| 3 | Evidence That the Diabetes Gene Encodes the Leptin Receptor: Identification of a Mutation in the Leptin Receptor Gene in db / db Mice显示文摘 | Hong Chen Olga Charlat Louis A Tartaglia Elizabeth A Woolf Xun Weng Stephen J Ellis Nathan D Lakey Janice Culpepper Karen J More Roger E Breitbart Geoffrey M Duyk Robert I Tepper Jay P Morgenstern | 1996 | Cell1996，，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Pancreatic cancer显示文摘 | Theresa Pluth Yeo Ralph H Hruban Steven D Leach Robb E Wilentz Taylor A Sohn Scott E Kern Christine A Iacobuzio-Donahue Anirban Maitra Michael Goggins Marcia I Canto Ross A Abrams Daniel Laheru Elizabeth M Jaffee Manuel Hidalgo Charles J Yeo | 2002 | Current Problems in Cancer2002，，4： | 2 |
| 5 | Increased presence of effector lymphocytes during Helicobacter hepaticus-induced colitis显示文摘AIM:To identify and characterize drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic(SMAD)3-dependent changes in immune cell populations following infection with Helicobacter hepaticus(H.hepaticus).METHODS:SMAD3 -/-(n=19)and colitis-resistant SMAD3+/-(n=24)mice(8-10 wk of age)were in-fected with H.hepaticus and changes in immune cell populations[T lymphocytes,natural killer(NK)cells,T regulatory cells]were measured in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes(MsLNs)at 0 d,3 d,7 d and 28 d post-infection using flow cytometry.Genotypedependent changes in T lymphocytes and granzyme B+ cells were also assessed after 28 d in proximal colon tissue using immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:As previously observed,SMAD3 -/-,but not SMAD3+/-mice,developed colitis,peaking at 4 wk post-infection.No significant changes in T cell subsets were observed in the spleen or in the MsLNs between genotypes at any time point.However,CD4+and CD8+/ CD62Llo cells,an effector T lymphocyte population,as well as NK cells(NKp46/DX5+)were significantly higher in the MsLNs of SMAD3-/-mice at 7 d and 28 d post-infection.In the colon,a higher number of CD3+cells were present in SMAD3-/-compared to SMAD3+/-mice at baseline,which did not significantly change during infection.However,the number of granzyme B+cells,a marker of cytolytic lymphocytes,significantly increased in SMAD3-/-mice 28 d post-infection compared to both SMAD3+/-mice and to baseline values.This was consistent with more severe colitis development in these animals.CONCLUSION:Data suggest that defects in SMAD3 signaling increase susceptibility to H.hepaticus-induced colitis through aberrant activation and/or dysregulation of effector lymphocytes. | Sarah J McCaskey Elizabeth A Rondini Jonathan F Clinthorne Ingeborg M Langohr Elizabeth M Gardner Jenifer I Fenton | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，13： | 2 |
| 6 | The adjuvant effects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 70 result form the rapid and prolonged activation of antigen-specific CD8+T cells in vivo显示文摘 | Elizabeth G I Julie M C | 2002 | J Immunol2002，169，： | 1 |
| 7 | Analytical and clinical performance of a homogeneous enzymatic LDL-cholesterol assay compared with the ultracentrifugation-dextran sulfate-Mg2+ method显示文摘 | Elizabeth I Kristen D | 1998 | Clin Chem1998，44，6： | 1 |
| 8 | The impact of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphism and patient characteristics upon warfarin dose requirements:proposal for a new dosing regimen显示文摘 | Elizabeth A Sconece Tayyaba I Khan Hilary A | 2005 | Blood2005，106，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Treatment of examination gloves for reducing extractable protein content显示文摘 | Elizabeth K I Peethambaran N R Rajammal G | 1996 | Indian Journal of Natural Rubber Research1996，9，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Incidence of aspirin nonresponsiveness using the Ultegra Rapid Platelet Function Assay-ASA显示文摘 | John C Wang Denise Aucoin-Barry Deborah Manuelian Rachele Monbouquette Mark Reisman William Gray Peter C Block Elizabeth H Block Marc Ladenheim Daniel I Simon | 2003 | The American Journal of Cardiology2003，，12： | 1 |
| 11 | Intakes of plain water, moisture in foods and bevera- ges, and total water in the adult US population-nutritional, meal pattern, and body weight correlates: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999--2006 显示文摘 | Ashima K Kan t Barry I Graubard Elizabeth A Atch ison | 2009 | Am J Clin Nutr2009，90，： | 1 |
| 12 | Use and Benefits of Laparoscopic Hysterectomy for Stage I Endometrial Cancer Among Medicare Beneficiaries显示文摘 | Jason D Alfred I Elizabeth T | 2012 | J Oncol Pract2012，8，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Narrowband vegetation indexes and detection of disease damage in soybeans显示文摘 | Vigier B J Elizabeth P Strachan I B | 2004 | IEEE Geosciences and Remote Sensing Letters2004，1，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Challenges in comparing risk-adjusted bypass surgery mortality results显示文摘 | Eric D Peterson Elizabeth R DeLong Lawrence H Muhlbaier Allison B Rosen Hope E Buell Catarina I Kiefe Timothy F Kresowik | 2000 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2000，，： | 1 |
| 15 | IRAK-4 : A novel member of the IRAK family with the properties of an IRAK-kinase显示文摘 | SHYUN L I ASTRID STRELOW ELIZABETH J | 2002 | PNAS2002，99，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Intakes of plain water, moisture in foods and bevera- ges, and total water in the adult US population -nutritional, meal pattern, and body weight correlates: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2006l-3 显示文摘 | Ashima K Kan t Barry I Graubard Elizabeth A Atch ison | 2009 | Am J Clin Nutr2009，90，： | 1 |
| 17 | Hydrogen effects in propylene polymerization reactions with titanium-based Ziegier-Natta catalysts(Ⅱ):Mechanism of the chain-transfer reaction显示文摘 | Yury V K Laura A R Elizabeth I V | 2002 | Journal of Polymer Science Part A:Polymer Chemistry2002，40，11： | 1 |
| 18 | Fruit fly genome yields data and validation 显示文摘 | Elizabeth pennis i | 2000 | Science2000，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Staging and defin- ingcharacteristics of pressure ulcers using photographs by staff nurses in acute caresettings显示文摘 | Elizabeth C J Joan I W Dorothy G | 2013 | Wound Ostomy Continence Nuts2013，40，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Vitamin D receptor alleles, periodontal disease progression, and tooth loss in the VA dental longtitudinal study显示文摘 | Koji I Elizabeth AK James CF | 2003 | Journal of Periodontol2003，74，2： | 1 |
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