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| 1 | 老年性痴呆病人照料者的负担及其影响因素研究显示文摘作者采用容忍度量表和照料者负担量表等工具调查老年痴呆照料者与非痴呆老人照料者各110名。结果显示:被照料者以女性(68%)丧偶者(60%)居多,文盲占半数(49.10%),多与照料者同住。而照料者多为女性(57.3%),中年(52.7%)和在婚者多(86.4%),照料者群体中,子女和婿媳是老年人主要照料者(56.4%)。在照料过程中,照料者生活诸方面受到影响,与非痴呆组老人照料者间有明显差异(P<0.0001)。且照料者负担与被照料者的性别及痴呆程度有关(P<0.0001)。女性照料者的负担明显高于男性(P<0.0001),且与直接照料时间成正比。作者指出,社会关心痴呆病人的同时也应关心其照料者,应将医疗机构照顾、社区服务及家庭护理结合起来。 | 吴文源 张明园 何燕玲 俞勤奋 IGOR GRANT | 1995 | 中国心理卫生杂志1995，9，2： | 55 |
| 2 | Calcineurin-B-Like Protein CBL9 Interacts with Target Kinase CIPK3 in the Regulation of ABA Response in Seed Germination显示文摘钙在植物在许多发信号的小径作为第二个送信人起一个重要作用。calcineurin 象 B 一样蛋白质(CBL ) 代表在钙由与他们的交往的蛋白质 kinases (CIPK ) 交往发信号工作的植物钙绑定蛋白质的一个家庭。在我们的以前的学习,我们在骆驼毛的织物发信号为 CBL (CBL9 ) 之一和 CIPK (CIPK3 ) 之一报导了一个角色。这里,我们证明了 CBL9 和 CIPK3 身体上并且机能上地在调整骆驼毛的织物回答与对方一起交往。CBL9 和 CIPK3 蛋白质在酵母与对方一起交往了二混血儿的系统并且当在植物房间表示了时。双变异的 cbl9cipk3 显示出类似的过分敏感的反应到在单个异种(cbl9 或 cipk3 ) 观察了的骆驼毛的织物。CIPK3 的组成地活跃的形式遗传上补充了 cbl9 异种,显示 CIPK3 CBL9 下游地工作。把调查结果基于这些,我们为调整骆驼毛的织物回答在一样的小径一起结束那 CBL9 和 CIPK3 幕。 | Girdhar K. Pandey John J. Grant Yong Hwa Cheong Beom-Gi Kim Le Gong Li Sheng Luan | 2008 | Molecular Plant2008，1，2： | 44 |
| 3 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 4 | 中国HIV+/AIDS患者神经心理学初步研究显示文摘目的:探讨中国HIV+/AIDS 患者神经心理功能特点及情绪状态。方法:选取年龄、性别和受教育年限方面均匹配的28例HIM+和23例HIV-被试。对被试进行包含七个认知领域(如词语流畅、抽象/执行功能、信息处理速度、工作记忆、学习、延迟回忆和运动功能)的神经心理成套测验,共18个分测验。同时选用贝克抑郁问卷(BDI)让患者进行情绪自评。结果:单个测验粗分比较,HIV+/AIDS 被试比HIV-被试在范畴流畅测验、词语发音流畅测验、连线测验A、颜色连线测验Ⅱ及霍普金斯词语学习测验显著较差(P<0.05)。基于美国常模校正的标准分(T 分)显示,HIV+/AIDS 被试比HIV-被试在整套测验、词语流畅、抽象/执行功能和学习领域神经心理操作显著较差(P<0.05)。中国HIV-被试的平均T 分与美国常模50相近,总的平均T 分为48,各认知领域的平均T 分范围46-51。BDI 自评分提示中国HIV+/AIDS 被试比HIV-被试显示出更严重的抑郁情绪(P<0.001),且与躯体状况无关。HIV+/AIDS 被试BDI 得分与总的平均T 分无显著相关(r=0.22,p=0.27)。结论: 1.本研究所选用的神经心理成套测验有较为理想的跨文化效能。2.中国HIV/AIDS 被试在词语流畅、抽象/执行功能、学习认知领域和总的神经心理功能上比HIV--试显著较差,抑郁情绪更为严重,但抑郁情绪与HIV 造成的各领域认知功能损害无显著相关,提示HIV 可能对大脑的认知功能有一定影响。 | 石川 于欣 吴尊友 Robert K.Heaton JIN Hua Thomas D.Marcotte Joseph Sadek Igor Grant | 2005 | 中国心理卫生杂志2005，19，5： | 29 |
| 5 | Chemical composition and in vitro fermentation characteristics of high sugar forage sorghum as an alternative to forage maize for silage making in Tarim Basin, China显示文摘The chemical composition, mineral profile and in vitro fermentation characteristics of maize(MZ), high sugar forage sorghum(HS) and forage sorghum(FS), and silages made from each forage type were measured. The MZ and MZ silage(MZS) had higher crude protein, starch and ether extract contents than both sorghum forages and sorghum silages. HS had higher ash and water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations than FS and MZ. MZ, MZS, HS and HS silage(HSS) had lower neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin than FS and FS silage(FSS). FSS had higher dry matter(DM) and p H than MZS and HSS. HSS contained higher concentrations of P and K than FSS and MZS. MZS and HSS had higher in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility, CH4 production, total volatile fatty acids, acetate and propionate than FSS. p H was higher for FSS than for HSS, and ammonia was lower for HSS than for MZS and FSS. HSS had higher gas production than MZS and FSS after 2, 4, 6 and 8 h incubation. MZS had higher gas production than HSS and FSS after 26 and 28 h of incubation. The results indicate that HS may substitute for MZ to make good quality silage. However, animal studies are needed to assess the acceptability and feeding values of HSS vs. MZS for ruminant production. | ZHANG Su-jiang Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry Diky Ramdani Amerjan Osman GUO Xue-feng Grant Raymond Edwards Long Cheng | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2016，15，1： | 28 |
| 6 | CIPK9: a calcium sensor-interacting protein kinase required for low-potassium tolerance in Arabidopsis显示文摘钾是为在植物的很多个细胞的过程的主要宏营养素必需品之一。在土壤的低钾水平为庄稼生产代表一个限制因子。最近的研究识别了涉及钾获得的钾运输 ers,并且他们中的一些为在低钾条件下面的钾营养是批评的。然而,很少在涉及低钾发信号和回答的分子的部件上被理解。我们这里在 Arabidopsis 作为低钾反应的一个批评管理者报导 calcineurin 象 B 一样交往蛋白质的 proteinkinase (CIPK9 ) 的鉴定。CIPK9 基因对不能生活的压力条件应答,并且它的抄本由钾剥夺在根和射击是可诱导的。CIPK9 功能的混乱使变异的植物变为过分敏感到低钾媒介。进一步的分析显示那 K (+) 举起和内容没在变异的植物被影响,暗示在钾利用的规定的 CIPK9 或察觉到过程。 | Girdhar K Pandey Yong Hwa Cheongx Beom-Gi Kim John J Grant Legong Li Sheng Luan | 2007 | Cell Research2007，17，5： | 23 |
| 7 | Precambrian supercontinents,glaciations,atmospheric oxygenation,metazoan evolution and an impact that may have changed the second half of Earth history显示文摘<正>In more than 4 Ga of geological evolution,the Earth has twice gone through extreme climatic perturbations, when extensive glaciations occurred,together with alternating warm periods which were accompanied by atmospheric oxygenation.The younger of these two episodes of climatic oscillation preceded the Cambrian 'explosion' of metazoan life forms,but similar extreme climatic conditions existed between about 2.4 and 2.2 Ga.Over long time periods,changing solar luminosity and mantle temperatures have played important roles in regulating Earth's climate but both periods of climatic upheaval are associated with supercontinents.Enhanced weathering on the orogenically and thermally buoyed supercontinents would have stripped CO_2 from the atmosphere,initiating a cooling trend that resulted in continental glaciation.Ice cover prevented weathering so that CO_2 built up once more,causing collapse of the ice sheets and ushering in a warm climatic episode.This negative feedback loop provides a plausible explanation for multiple glaciations of the Early and Late Proterozoic,and their intimate association with sedimentary rocks formed in warm climates.Between each glacial cycle nutrients were flushed into world oceans, stimulating photosynthetic activity and causing oxygenation of the atmosphere.Accommodation for many ancient glacial deposits was provided by rifting but escape from the climatic cycle was predicated on breakup of the supercontinent,when flooded continental margins had a moderating influence on weathering. The geochemistry of Neoproterozoic cap carbonates carries a strong hydrothermal signal,suggesting that they precipitated from deep sea waters,overturned and spilled onto continental shelves at the termination of glaciations.Paleoproterozoic(Huronian) carbonates of the Espanola Formation were probably formed as a result of ponding and evaporation in a hydrothermally influenced,restricted rift setting.Why did metazoan evolution not take off after the Great Oxidation Event of the Paleoproterozoic? The answer may lie in the huge scar left by the ~2023 Ma Vredefort impact in South Africa,and in the worldwide organic carbon-rich deposits of the Shunga Event,attesting to the near-extirpation of life and possible radical alteration of the course of Earth history. | Grant M.Young | 2013 | Geoscience Frontiers2013，4，3： | 23 |
| 8 | 203例农村有偿献血感染HIV患者抑郁障碍及生活质量调查显示文摘目的:调查通过献血途径感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的203例患者的情绪状况及生活质量。方法:采用贝克抑郁问卷、复合性国际诊断用检查提纲和SF-36对203例通过献血途径感染HIV的患者(HIV阳性组)及年龄、性别和受教育年限相匹配的198例HIV阴性献血者进行调查。结果:①HIV阳性组献血次数多于HIV阴性组(52.2±95.4/13.2±23.9,P<0.001),已婚者少于HIV阴性组(88.6%/ 95.5%,P=0.020),丧偶者多于HIV阴性组(10.9%/4.5%,P=0.020),失业率高于HIV阴性组(21.7%/4.0%,P<0.001),前一年全年工作时间少于HIV阴性组(5.0±3.5/7.5±3.0,P<0.001),家庭月收入低于HIV阴性组(476.3±412.7/709.9±513.7,P<0.001)。②HIV阳性组被诊断为获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)者占56.6%。HIV阳性组抑郁症的终生患病率为13.8%,HIV阴性组的终生患病率为5.1%。HIV阳性组的抑郁总分(11.3±11.3/6.6±9.6)、躯体(3.3±2.9/2.0±2.6)和非躯体因子分(8.0±8.8/4.6±7.4)均高于HIV阴性组(P<0.001)。HIV阳性组达轻度抑郁以上者占40.4%。HIV阳性组已制定自杀计划者高于HIV阴性组(8.4%/3.0%,P<0.05)。HIV阳性组总体生理健康(48.3±9.7/ 55.5±7.0)和心理健康(48.8±8.9/55.1±7.8)得分均低于HIV阴性组(P<0.001)。③HIV阳性组的贝克抑郁问卷总分与T细胞亚群CD4细胞计数无显著相关,与总体生理健康及心理健康呈显著负相关(r=- 0.46~0.68,P<0.001)。结论:HIV阳性患者生存状况较差。对HIV阳性感染者而言,抑郁给患者生活质量造成全面的影响,抑郁和自杀风险仍然是需要干预和处理的问题。 | 宁南义 石川 于欣 陈玉芳 吴尊友 Jin Hua Vigil O Cysique LA Franklin DR Grant I Heaton RK | 2008 | 中国心理卫生杂志2008，22，7： | 14 |
| 9 | Updated Analysis of SWOG-Directed Intergroup Study 0116: A Phase III Trial of Adjuvant Radiochemotherapy Versus Observation After Curative Gastric Cancer Resection显示文摘 | Stephen R. Smalley Jacqueline K. Benedetti Daniel G. Haller Scott A. Hundahl Norman C. Estes Jaffer A. Ajani Leonard L. Gunderson Bryan Goldman James A. Martenson J. Milburn Jessup Grant N. Stemmermann Charles D. Blanke John S. Macdonald | 2012 | Journal of Clinical Oncology2012，，19： | 13 |
| 10 | 中美急诊道路交通伤患者流行病学研究显示文摘目的阐明中美两国综合性医院急诊医学科道路交通伤患者的异同点,为两国在道路交通伤临床、教学和科研方面的进一步合作提供新思路。方法选取2013年11—12月中国浙江省人民医院急诊医学科和2013年7—9月美国纽约州立大学上州医科大学急诊医学科两家单位的道路交通伤患者作为调查对象。双方合作设计《MVC Survey Questionare》(中英文版),供两家单位开展问卷调查。调查方法为标准流行病学抽样调查。调查内容包括患者到达急诊医学科的方式、交通工具、损伤类型、影像学检查情况、会诊情况、转归等。结果共发放问卷425份,回收合格问卷399份,有效率为93.9%,其中中国有效问卷155份,美国244份。到达急诊医学科的方式:美国道路交通伤患者救护车使用率高于中国,自备车使用率低于中国(P<0.05)。交通工具:美国自行车、电动车、行人交通事故发生率低于中国,汽车交通事故发生率高于中国(P<0.05)。损伤类型:美国患者颅脑、皮肤软组织损伤发生率低于中国,胸部损伤、骨折发生率高于中国(P<0.05)。影像学检查:美国患者X线、CT检查率均高于中国(P<0.05)。两国住院率、病死率、救治成功出院率、入住ICU比例、急诊手术率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与美国相比,中国较少选择救护车转运道路交通伤患者。中国有更多类型的机动车涉及道路交通伤事故,中国道路交通伤患者中骑电动车、摩托车和行人的比例较高,这在一定程度上导致了中国颅脑损伤的比例远高于美国。另外,中国患者影像学检查率明显低于美国。上述差异为未来双方在道路交通伤临床、教学和科研方面开展进一步合作提供了新思路。 | 涂建锋 张可 周晟昂 陈环 蔡文伟 PaulKo Susan Wojcik Sabine Khan William D. Grant 杨悦 | 2015 | 中国全科医学2015，18，26： | 11 |
| 11 | Role of iron in hepatic fibrosis: One piece in the puzzle显示文摘铁是涉及各种各样的生物小径的一个必要元素。什么时候在房间以内在过量介绍,铁能由于它 catalyse 的能力是有毒的损坏激进分子的形成,它支持细胞的损害和细胞死亡。在肝以内,铁联系了氧化应力能导致纤维变性并且最终到肝硬化。这里,我们在与肝的各种各样的慢性病联系的病理考察过多的铁的角色。我们也描述铁由贡献肝的纤维变性的发展的分子的机制。 | Marie A Philippe Richard G Ruddell Grant A Ramm | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，35： | 11 |
| 12 | 小球藻两个品系在自养与异养条件下的生长、能荷与色素差异显示文摘Chlorella protothecoides中国品系(C品系)与美国品系(A品系)在自养培养基中生长正常。在高浓度葡萄糖、低浓度有机氮的异养生长条件下,C品系仍为绿色,细胞生长与繁殖缓慢,指数期生长速率降低,细胞内腺苷酸能荷值(AEC)下降,但细胞仍保留叶绿素;A品系细胞转变成乳黄色,细胞生长与繁殖加快,指数期生长速率是自养细胞的2倍,细胞内腺苷酸能荷值仍保持高水平,向异养条件转换后约24h,细胞内叶绿素基本消失,重新向自养条件转换后细胞内叶绿素又逐渐恢复。AEC值是判别微藻在异养条件下能量代谢与生理状态的良好指标。同一种小球藻不同品系间的上述差异可能与细胞内基因调控的差异相关联。 | 吴庆余 匡梅 Grant N.G. | 1992 | 植物生理学报(0257-4829)1992，18，3： | 11 |
| 13 | 汽车用钢的最新研究进展显示文摘为满足提高燃油效率及汽车'轻量化'等方面持续的需求,学术界及工业领域一直都很重视钢铁及其替代材料的研发,这两类材料之间的竞争始终十分激烈。对汽车用钢在北美的研究现状进行了概述,并重点介绍了几种冷轧和热轧汽车用钢的研究进展及其生产情况。新一代先进高强钢的发展将依然令人关注并充满机遇。 | John G Speer David K Matlock Emmanuel de Moor Grant A Thomas 周澍(译) 李晟(校) | 2013 | 世界钢铁2013，，5： | 10 |
| 14 | Cirrhosis and autoimmune liver disease:Current understanding显示文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) and autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) constitute the classic autoimmune liver diseases(AILDs).While AIH target the hepatocytes,in PBC and PSC the targets of the autoimmune attack are the biliary epithelial cells.Persistent liver injury,associated with chronic AILD,leads to un-resolving inflammation,cell proliferation and the deposition of extracellular matrix proteins by hepatic stellate cells and portal myofibroblasts.Liver cirrhosis,and the resultant loss of normal liver function,inevitably ensues.Patients with cirrhosis have higher risks or morbidity and mortality,and that in the decompensated phase,complications of portal hypertension and/or liver dysfunction lead to rapid deterioration.Accurate diagnosis and monitoring of cirrhosis is,therefore of upmost importance.Liver biopsy is currently the gold standard technique,but highly promising non-invasive methodology is under development.Liver transplantation(LT) is an effective therapeutic option for the management of endstage liver disease secondary to AIH,PBC and PSC.LT is indicated for AILD patients who have progressed to end-stage chronic liver disease or developed intractable symptoms or hepatic malignancy;in addition,LT may also be indicated for patients presenting with acute liver disease due to AIH who do not respond to steroids. | Rodrigo Liberal Charlotte R Grant | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，28： | 10 |
| 15 | 病人、医生与知情同意显示文摘医务人员应当视病人为治疗疾病过程中的参与者。知情同意的目的是 ,使病人充分理解他的困境后做出理性的决定。医生与病人分享信息、分担责任与做出决定 。 | Grant Gillett 张斌 | 2004 | 医学与哲学2004，25，2： | 9 |
| 16 | 人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者抑郁障碍、自杀风险和日常生活能力的研究显示文摘目的研究人类免疫缺陷病毒(H IV)感染者抑郁症和自杀观念的流行情况及其与日常生活能力改变的关联。方法对28例H IV阳性者及23例H IV阴性者,用复合性国际诊断用检查提纲中文版调查抑郁症的总发生率和自杀史,用贝克抑郁问卷(BD I)评估当前抑郁障碍及自杀风险的严重程度,用日常生活能力问卷(ADL)评估H IV感染对日常生活能力的影响。结果(1)H IV阳性组和H IV阴性组中分别有22例(79%)和1例(4%)符合抑郁症的诊断标准(P<0.001);H IV阳性组BD I总分[(22.4±12.7)分]高于H IV阴性组[(6.6±7.8)分;P<0.001]。(2)H IV阳性组和H IV阴性组中分别有18例(64%)和2例(9%)有过自杀观念。(3)H IV阳性组ADL总分[(17.1±5.2)分]高于H IV阴性组[(14.0±0.0)分;P<0.001]。(4)BD I与H IV状况的交互作用是有显著贡献(F=23.95,P<0.001)的自变量,抑郁障碍与H IV状况的相互作用是有意义(F=13.29,P=0.001)的预测因子。结论H IV感染的人群中抑郁症的发生率及自杀风险均较高,抑郁的严重程度和日常生活能力受损有显著相关性。 | 于欣 石川 金华 J.Hampton Atkinson Robert Heaton Thomas Marcotte Corinna Young Joseph Sadek 吴尊友 Igor Grant | 2006 | 中华精神科杂志2006，39，2： | 8 |
| 17 | 如何提高牛奶的蛋白质和脂肪含量显示文摘编者的话:牛奶中脂肪和蛋白质成分含量的高低,是牛奶品质优劣的重要标志,如何提高其含量是奶牛饲养者共同关心的问题。为此,本期将周鼎年先生翻译的“如何提高牛奶的蛋白质和脂肪含量”一文刊出,供参考。《中国奶牛》 | Rick Grant 周鼎年 | 2002 | 中国奶牛2002，，1： | 8 |
| 18 | Blood glucose changes surrounding initiation of tumor-necrosis factor inhibitors and conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in veterans with rheumatoid arthritis显示文摘AIM To determine the scope of acute hypoglycemic effects for certain anti-rheumatic medications in a large retrospective observational study. METHODS Patients enrolled in the Veterans Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis (VARA) registry were selected who, during follow-up, initiated treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi's, including etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab, or certolizumab), prednisone, or conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs(DMARDs), and for whom proximate random blood glucose (RBG) measurements were available within a window 2-wk prior to, and 6 mo following, medication initiation. Similar data were obtained for patients with proximate values available for glycosylated hemoglobin A1C values within a window 2 mo preceding, and 12 mo following, medication initiation. RBG and A1C measurements were compared before and after initiation events using paired t-tests, and multivariate regression analysis was performed including established comorbidities and demographics.RESULTS Two thousands one hundred and eleven patients contributed at least one proximate measurement surrounding the initiation of any examined medication. A significant decrease in RBG was noted surrounding 653 individual hydroxychloroquine-initiation events(-3.68 mg/dL, P = 0.04), while an increase was noted for RBG surrounding 665 prednisone-initiation events(+5.85 mg/d L, P < 0.01). A statistically significant decrease in A1C was noted for sulfasalazine initiation, as measured by 49 individual initiation events(-0.70%, P < 0.01). Multivariate regression analyses, using methotrexate as the referent, suggest sulfasalazine (β =-0.58, P = 0.01) and hydroxychloroquine(β =-5.78, P = 0.01) use as predictors of lower post-medicationinitiation RBG and A1C values, respectively. Analysis by drug class suggested prednisone (or glucocorticoids) as predictive of higher medication-initiation event RBG among all start events as compared to DMARDs, while this analysis did not show any drug class-level effect for TNFi. A diagnosis of congestive heart failure(β = 4.69, P = 0.03) was predictive for higher post-initiation RBG values among all medication-initiation events.CONCLUSION No statistically significant hypoglycemic effects surrounding TNFi initiation were observed in this large cohort. Sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine may have epidemiologically significant acute hypoglycemic effects. | Patrick R Wood Evan Manning Joshua F Baker Bryant England Lisa Davis Grant W Cannon Ted R Mikuls Liron Caplan | 2018 | World Journal of Diabetes2018，9，2： | 8 |
| 19 | 老年期痴呆病人照料者的心身健康分析显示文摘本研究对110名痴呆老人的主要照料者(实验组)和110名(对照组)在年龄、性别、文化程度相匹配的非痴呆老人家属进行了心身健康比较调查。结果表明前组的心理和躯体损害指数均明显高于后组。其影响因素为照料负担、照料者的工作、性别、年龄、文化程度、与被照料者的关系及被照料者的性别、年龄、痴呆严重度。表明照料痴呆老人的这种种会引起照料者的心理生理损害。 | 何燕玲 张明园 仇剑蓥 俞伟粱 吴文源 崔新佳 邵惠明 Ogor Grant Thomas Patterson | 1995 | 中国临床心理学杂志1995，3，4： | 7 |
| 20 | Radiofrequency ablation for early oesophageal squamous neoplasia:Outcomes form United Kingdom registry显示文摘AIM:To report outcomes on patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation(RFA)for early oesophageal squamous neoplasia from a National Registry.METHODS:A Prospective cohort study from 8 tertiary referral centres in the United Kingdom.Patients with squamous high grade dysplasia(HGD)and early squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)confined to the mucosa were treated.Visible lesions were removed by endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)before RFA.Following initial RFA treatment,patients were followed up 3monthly.Residual flat dysplasia was treated with RFA until complete reversal dysplasia(CR-D)was achieved or progression to invasive Squamous cell cancer defined as infiltration into the submucosa layer or beyond.The main outcome measures were CR-D at 12 mo from start of treatment,long term durability,progression to cancer and adverse events.RESULTS:Twenty patients with squamous HGD/ESCC completed treatment protocol.Five patients(25%)had EMR before starting RFA treatment.CR-D was 50%at12 mo with a median of 1 RFA treatment,mean 1.5(range 1-3).Two further patients achieved CR-D with repeat RFA after this time.Eighty per cent with CR-D remain dysplasia free at latest biopsy,with median follow up 24 mo(IQR 17-54).Six of 20 patients(30%)progressed to invasive cancer at 1 year.Four patients(20%)required endoscopic dilatations for symptomatic structuring after treatment.Two of these patients have required serial dilatations thereafter for symptomatic dysphagia with a median of 4 dilatations per patient.The other 2 patients required only a single dilatation to achieve an adequate symptomatic response.One patient developed cancer during follow up after end of treatment protocol.CONCLUSION:The role of RFA in these patients re-mains unclear.In our series 50%patients responded at12 mo.These figures are lower than limited published data. | Rehan J Haidry Mohammed A Butt Jason Dunn Matthew Banks Abhinav Gupta Howard Smart Pradeep Bhandari Lesley Ann Smith Robert Willert Grant Fullarton Morris John Massimo Di Pietro Ian Penman Marco Novelli Laurence B Lovat | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，36： | 7 |
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