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| 1 | Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: An update and implications for treatment显示文摘AIM: To provide an update on the aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, staging and management of rectal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive search of Ovid MEDLINE was performed with the reference list of selected articles reviewed to ensure all relevant publications were captured. The search strategy was limited to the English language, spanning from 1946 to 2015. A qualitative analysis was undertaken examining patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment and outcome. The quantitaive analysis was limited to data extracted on treatment and outcomes including radiological, clinical and pathological complete response where available. The narrative and quantitative review were synthesised in concert.RESULTS: The search identified 487 articles in total with 79 included in the qualitative review. The quantitative analysis involved 63 articles, consisting of 43 case reports and 20 case series with a total of 142 individual cases. The underlying pathogenesis of rectal SCC while unclear, continues to be defined, with increasing evidence of a metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence and a possible role for human papilloma virus in this progression. The presentation is similar to rectal adenocarcinoma, with a diagnosis confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. Many presumed rectal SCC's are in fact an extension of an anal SCC, and cytokeratin markers are a useful adjunct in this distinction. Staging is most accurately reflected by the tumour-nodemetastasis classification for rectal adenocarcinoma. It involves examining locoregional disease by way of magnetic resonance imaging and/or endorectal ultrasound, with systemic spread excluded by way of computed tomography. Positron emission tomography is integral in the workup to exclude an external siteof primary SCC with metastasis to the rectum. While the optimal treatment remains as yet undefined, recent studies have demonstrated a global shift away from surgery towards definitive chemoradiotherapy as primary treatment. Pooled overall survival was calculated to be 86% in patients managed with chemoradiation compared with 48% for those treated traditionally with surgery. Furthermore, local recurrence and metastatic rates were 25% vs 10% and 30% vs 13% for the chemoradiation vs conventional treatment cohorts.CONCLUSION: The changing paradigm in the treatment of rectal SCC holds great promise for improved outcomes in this rare disease. | Glen R Guerra Cherng H Kong Satish K Warrier Andrew C Lynch Alexander G Heriot Samuel Y Ngan | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，3： | 5 |
| 2 | Season of the year influences infection rates following total hip arthroplasty显示文摘AIM To research the influence of season of the year on periprosthetic joint infections.METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of the entire Medicare files from 2005 to 2014. Seasons were classified as spring, summer, fall or winter. Regional variations were accounted for by dividing patients into four geographic regions as per the United States Census Bureau(Northeast, Midwest, West and South). Acute postoperative infection and deep periprosthetic infections within 90 d after surgery were tracked. RESULTS In all regions, winter had the highest incidence of periprosthetic infections(mean 0.98%, SD 0.1%) and was significantly higher than other seasons in the Midwest, South and West(P < 0.05 for all) but not the Northeast(P = 0.358). Acute postoperative infection rates were more frequent in the summer and were significantly affected by season of the year in the West.CONCLUSION Season of the year is a risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection following total hip arthroplasty(THA). Understanding the influence of season on outcomes following THA is essential when risk-stratifying patients to optimize outcomes and reduce episode of care costs. | Samuel Rosas Alvin C Ong Leonard T Buller Karim G Sabeh Tsun yee Law Martin W Roche Victor H Hernandez | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，12： | 4 |
| 3 | p53-mediated transcriptional regulation and activation of the actin cytoskeleton regulatory RhoC to LIMK2 signaling pathway promotes cell survival显示文摘响应 DNA 损坏的房间命运的中央仲裁人是 p53,它调整涉及房间周期拘捕,幸存和 apoptosis 的基因的表示。尽管 DNA 损坏开始的许多回答被描绘了,肌动朊细胞骨架管理者的角色大部分是未知的。我们现在显示出那 RhoC 和秘鲁利玛机场之代号 kinase (LIMK2 ) 2 是 genotoxic 代理人导致的直接 p53 目标基因。尽管 RhoC 和 LIMK2 在肌动朊细胞骨架规定有生长得很好的角色,我们的结果显示 LIMK2 的激活也有支持幸存的功能追随者 DNA 损坏。由调停 siRNA 的击倒或选择的药理学封锁的 LIMK 抑制敏化房间到无线电 -- 或化疗,以便当与 LIMK 抑制结合了时,当单身地管理了时,是尚不致命的治疗导致了房间死亡。我们的调查结果建议把 LIMK 禁止者与 genotoxic 治疗相结合能比单个代理人的管理更有效,并且加亮在肌动朊细胞骨架管理者和 DNA 之间的一个新奇连接导致损坏的房间幸存机制。 | Daniel R Croft Diane Crighton Michael S Samuel Filipe C Lourenco June Munro Jenifer Wood Karim Bensaad Karen H Vousden Owen J Sansom Kevin M Ryan Michael F Olson | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，4： | 3 |
| 4 | Triple therapy in treatment-experienced patients with HCV-cirrhosis in a multicentre cohort of the French Early Access Programme (ANRS CO20-CUPIC) – NCT01514890<!-- Doctopic: VH -->显示文摘 | Christophe Hézode Hélène Fontaine Céline Dorival Dominique Larrey Fabien Zoulim Valérie Canva Victor de Ledinghen Thierry Poynard Didier Samuel Marc Bourlière Jean-Pierre Zarski Jean-Jacques Raabe Laurent Alric Patrick Marcellin Ghassan Riachi Pierre-Henr | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，： | 2 |
| 5 | Impact on the quality of lift of patients with arteriovenous malformation during the latent interval between gamma knife radiosurgery and lesion obliteration显示文摘 | Samuel C | 2002 | J Neurosurg2002，97，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Automated setup planning for lathe machining 显示文摘 | SAMUEL H H ZHANG H C | 1998 | Journal of Manufacturing Systems1998，17，： | 1 |
| 7 | Sr-Nd-Pb isotope and trace element systematics of mantle xenoliths from Late Cenozoic alkaline lavas,South Korea显示文摘 | Sung H C Sung-Tack K Samuel B M Hee S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Tolerance analysis for setup planning: a graph theoretical approach 显示文摘 | SAMUEL H H ZHANG H C | 1997 | International Journal Production1997，35，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Isolation of Angiopoietin-1, a Ligand for the TIE2 Receptor, by Secretion-Trap Expression Cloning显示文摘 | Samuel Davis Thomas H Aldrich Pamela F Jones Ann Acheson Debra L Compton Vivek Jain Terence E Ryan Joanne Bruno Czeslaw Radziejewski Peter C Maisonpierre George D Yancopoulos | 1996 | Cell1996，，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Influences of alloying elements, solution treatment time and quenching media on quality indices of 413-type AI-Si casting alloys 显示文摘 | AMMAR H R MOREAU C SAMUEL A M SAMUEL F H DOTY H W | 2008 | Materials Science and Engineering A2008，489，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Hepatitis viruses and liver transplantation显示文摘 | Samuel D Feray C Bismuth H | 1997 | J Gastroenterol Hepatol1997，12，910： | 1 |
| 12 | Impact on the quality of life of patients with arteriovenous malformation during the latent interval between gamma knife radiosurgery and lesion obliteration显示文摘 | ERICA H SAMUEL C | 2002 | J Neurosurg2002，97，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Isotopic evidence of nitrate sources and denitrification in the Mississippi River,Illinois 显示文摘 | Samuel V P Keith C H Hackley W R | 2006 | Journal of Environmental Quality2006，35，： | 1 |
| 14 | Detection of four human coronaviruses in respiratory infections in children: a one-year study in Colorado显示文摘 | Samuel R D Christine C R Kathryn V H | 2009 | J Med Virol2009，81，9： | 1 |
| 15 | Triple therapy in treatment-experienced patients with HCV-cirrhosis in a multicentre cohort of the French Early Access Programme (ANRS CO20-CUPIC) – NCT01514890<!-- Doctopic: VH -->显示文摘 | Christophe Hézode Hélène Fontaine Céline Dorival Dominique Larrey Fabien Zoulim Valérie Canva Victor de Ledinghen Thierry Poynard Didier Samuel Marc Bourlière Jean-Pierre Zarski Jean-Jacques Raabe Laurent Alric Patrick Marcellin Ghassan Riachi Pierre-Henr | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，： | 1 |
| 16 | The major proteins of wheat endosperm starch granules显示文摘 | Rahman S Kosar-Hashemi B Samuel M S Hill A Abbott D C Skerritt J H Preiss J Appels R M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for recurrence-free survival after complete surgical resection of localised primary gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a retrospective analysis显示文摘 | Jason S Gold Mithat G?nen Antonio Gutiérrez Javier Martín Broto Xavier García-del-Muro Thomas C Smyrk Robert G Maki Samuel Singer Murray F Brennan Cristina R Antonescu John H Donohue Ronald P DeMatteo | 2009 | Lancet Oncology2009，，11： | 1 |
| 18 | Modifier Influence in the Characterization of Hot - Mix Recycled Materials 显示文摘 | H C Samuel J R Wolosick | 2014 | Transportation Research Record2014，，777： | 1 |
| 19 | Influences of alloying elements, solution treatment time and quenching media on quality indices of 413-type Al-Si casting alloys 显示文摘 | Ammar H R Moreau C Samuel A M | 2008 | Materials Science and Engineering2008，489，： | 1 |
| 20 | Recent develop- ments of metal oxide semiconductors as photocatalysts in ad- vanced oxidation processes (AOPs) t'or treatment of dye waste-water显示文摘 | Samuel H S C Ta Y W Joon C J | 2011 | J Chem Techn Biotechn2011，86，9： | 1 |
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