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| 1 | TBtools: An Integrative Toolkit Developed for Interactive Analyses of Big Biological Data显示文摘The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing techniques has led biology into the big-data era.Data analyses using various bioinformatics tools rely on programming and command-line environments,which are challenging and time-consuming for most wet-lab biologists.Here,we present TBtools(a Toolkit for Biologists integrating various biological data-handling tools),a stand-alone software with a userfriendly interface.The toolkit incorporates over 130 functions,which are designed to meet the increasing demand for big-data analyses,ranging from bulk sequence processing to interactive data visualization.A wide variety of graphs can be prepared in TBtools using a new plotting engine('JIGplot')developed to maximize their interactive ability;this engine allows quick point-and-click modification of almost every graphic feature.TBtools is platform-independent software that can be run under all operating systems with Java Runtime Environment 1.6 or newer.It is freely available to non-commercial users at http://gffzz188fe103f8f1460asfuuu9ckup5n56oof.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/CJ-Chen/TBtools/releases. | Chengjie Chen Hao Chen Yi Zhang Hannah R.Thomas Margaret H.Frank Yehua He Rui Xia | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，8： | 805 |
| 2 | When worlds collide: Th17 and Treg cells in cancer and autoimmunity显示文摘The balance between Th17 cells and regulatory T cells(Tregs)has emerged as a prominent factor in regulating autoimmunity and cancer.Th17 cells are vital for host defense against pathogens but have also been implicated in causing autoimmune disorders and cancer,though their role in carcinogenesis is less well understood.Tregs are required for self-tolerance and defense against autoimmunity and often correlate with cancer progression.This review addresses the importance of a functional homeostasis between these two subsets in health and the consequences of its disruption when these forces collide in disease.Importantly,we discuss the ability of Th17 cells to mediate cancer regression in immunotherapy,including adoptive transfer and checkpoint blockade therapy,and the therapeutic possibilities of purposefully offsetting the Th17/Treg balance to treat patients with cancer as well as those with autoimmune diseases. | Hannah M.Knochelmann Connor J.Dwyer Stefanie R.Bailey Sierra M.Amaya Dirk M.Elston Joni M.Mazza-Mc.Crann Chrystal M.Paulos | 2018 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2018，15，5： | 50 |
| 3 | Impact of mechanical bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery:A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM To analyse the effect of mechanical bowel preparation vs no mechanical bowel preparation on outcome in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.METHODS Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies comparing adult patients receiving mechanical bowel preparation with those receiving no mechanical bowel preparation, subdivided into those receiving a single rectal enema and those who received no preparation at all prior to elective colorectal surgery. RESULTS A total of 36 studies(23 randomised controlled trials and 13 observational studies) including 21568 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery were included. When all studies were considered, mechanical bowel preparation was not associated with any significant difference in anastomotic leak rates(OR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.74 to 1.10, P = 0.32), surgical site infection(OR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.80 to 1.24, P = 0.96), intraabdominal collection(OR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.63 to 1.17, P = 0.34), mortality(OR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.57 to 1.27, P = 0.43), reoperation(OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.75 to 1.12, P = 0.38) or hospital length of stay(overall mean difference 0.11 d, 95%CI:-0.51 to 0.73, P = 0.72), when compared with no mechanical bowel preparation, nor when evidence from just randomized controlledtrials was analysed. A sub-analysis of mechanical bowel preparation vs absolutely no preparation or a single rectal enema similarly revealed no differences in clinical outcome measures. CONCLUSION In the most comprehensive meta-analysis of mechanical bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery to date, this study has suggested that the use of mechanical bowel preparation does not affect the incidence of postoperative complications when compared with no preparation. Hence, mechanical bowel preparation should not be administered routinely prior to elective colorectal surgery. | Katie E Rollins Hannah Javanmard-Emamghissi Dileep N Lobo | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，4： | 33 |
| 4 | Feeding of Riptortus pedestris on soybean plants, the primary cause of soybean staygreen syndrome in the Huang-Huai-Hai river basin显示文摘Staygreen syndrome or Zhengqing in soybean has recently become a major issue for Chinese growers in the Huang-Huai-Hai river basin.Although previous studies revealed that staygreen can be induced when pods/seeds are damaged, it is unknown whether virus infection or insect infestation causes staygreen.To determine whether viral infection causes staygreen, a survey of soybean staygreen incidence in the Huang-Huai-Hai river basin was conducted in 2016 and 2017.Diseased samples were collected and analyzed using DAS-ELISA for Soybean mosaic virus, Watermelon mosaic virus, Bean pod mottle virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, and Bean common mosaic virus.The survey showed that the severity of soybean staygreen syndrome was most prevalent in Beijing, Henan, Shaanxi, and some parts of Shandong provinces, with yield losses from 0 to nearly 100%, but only a small fraction of samples were positive for the tested viruses.A field cage experiment and an insecticide treatment field trial were conducted to determine the contribution of the bean bug, Riptortus pedestris, to staygreen incidence.The field cage experiment showed that R.pedestris treatment resulted in shorter plants, more empty pods, increased numbers of abnormal seeds, and decreased yields.The field experiment showed that there were fewer R.pedestris and less soybean staygreen incidence in fields treated with insecticide than in untreated control fields.Together, these results suggest that R.pedestris infestation rather than virus infection induces staygreen syndrome and that growers in this region can mitigate staygreen syndrome via bean bug control. | Kai Li Xinxin Zhang Jianqiu Guo Hannah Penn Tingting Wu Lin Li Hong Jiang Lidan Chang Cunxiang Wu Tianfu Han | 2019 | The Crop Journal2019，7，3： | 30 |
| 5 | Tumor initiation and progression in hepatocellular carcinoma: risk factors, classification, and therapeutic targets显示文摘Hepatocellular 癌(HCC ) 每年是为 500 000 死亡负责的世界范围的一个主要健康问题。很多个风险因素与也被联系疾病或它的前进的正式就职;这些与肝炎 B 或 C 病毒,白酒消费,非酒精的 steatohepatitis 和某些先天的混乱包括感染。在约 80% 盒子, HCC 与肝硬化或先进纤维变性并且与发炎和氧化应力被联系。在这评论,我们为 HCC 第一集中于不同风险因素并且总结由哪个各被认为贡献 HCC 的机制。在第二部分,我们看涉及癌症前进的分子的过程。HCC 开发作为 multistep 进程被认出通常在许多年发展。在几个变化在房间和那积累的这个时期上刺激诽谤转变,生长,和变形行为。在最近的年,不仅肿瘤房间本身而且肿瘤 microenviroment 在一个肿瘤的发展起一个主要作用,变得明显。与这 microenviroment 在发炎和肝硬化的角色之间有一个直接连接。在 vitro 并且在 vivo,它被看了那肿瘤形成,变形性质被连接到上皮间充质的转变(EMT ) ,由 facillitates,肿瘤房间是尝试移居到更赞成的 microenviroment 的一个过程。几个组由 microarray 在 HCC 和它的包围织物分析了基因表示,这导致了分子的分类进班的一个不同数字。这里,我们也发现为组织缺氧的一个角色导致了基因表示导致一临床上在 HCC 的更好攻击的基因表示。分子的分析也帮助识别重要细胞的小径和可能的治疗学的目标。这样为肝癌症显示出临床的申请的第一个分子是 multikinase 禁止者 sorafenib,其它当前在象 mTOR 禁止者 everolimus 一样的临床的研究的不同阶段。 | Tamara SEVERI Hannah van MALENSTEIN Chris VERSLYPE Jos F van PELT | 2010 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2010，31，11： | 23 |
| 6 | Bile acid signaling and biliary functions显示文摘This review focuses on various components of bile acid signaling in relation to cholangiocytes. Their roles as targets for potential therapies for cholangiopathies are also explored. While many factors are involved in these complex signaling pathways, this review emphasizes the roles of transmembrane G protein coupled receptor(TGR5), farnesoid X receptor(FXR), ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) and the bicarbonate umbrella. Following a general background on cholangiocytes and bile acids,we will expand the review and include sections that are most recently known(within 5–7 years) regarding the field of bile acid signaling and cholangiocyte function. These findings all demonstrate that bile acids influence biliary functions which can, in turn, regulate the cholangiocyte response during pathological events. | Hannah Jones Gianfranco Alpini Heather Francis | 2015 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2015，5，2： | 17 |
| 7 | Burden of Gastrointestinal Disease in the United States: 2012 Update显示文摘 | Anne F. Peery Evan S. Dellon Jennifer Lund Seth D. Crockett Christopher E. McGowan William J. Bulsiewicz Lisa M. Gangarosa Michelle T. Thiny Karyn Stizenberg Douglas R. Morgan Yehuda Ringel Hannah P. Kim Marco Dacosta DiBonaventura Charlotte F. Carroll Je | 2012 | Gastroenterology2012，，5： | 15 |
| 8 | Heat Shock Factors HsfB 1 and HsfB2b Are Involved in the Regulation of Pdf1.2 Expression and Pathogen Resistance in Arabidopsis显示文摘以便估计热的功能的角色在 Arabidopsis 的导致压力的班 B 热吃惊因素,我们调查了 AtHsfB1 和 AtHsfB2b 的 T-DNA 猛烈异种。在异种的 defensin 基因 Pdf1.2a/b 的基础 mRNA 水平的一条起来规定种的作为强壮揭示的两倍猛烈 hsfB1/hsfB2b 植物的 Micorarray 分析。Pdf 表示被 jasmonic 酸处理或感染进一步与 necrotrophic 真菌 Alternaria brassicicola 提高。单个变异的 hsfB2b 和双变异的 hsfB1/B2b 显著地在 A 以后在疾病抵抗被改进。brassicicola 感染。为和 Pdf1.2 的倡导者的 Hsf 的一个直接相互作用没有指示,它缺乏完美的 HSE 一致 Hsf 有约束力的序列。然而,在形成变化近来 HsfA2 依赖的 HSE 绑定在 hsfB1/B2b 植物被检测。这建议 HsfB1/B2b 可以在调整热吃惊反应的用以遮闭之物与班 A-Hsf 交往。Pdf 基因的鉴定作为 Hsf 依赖的否定规定的目标是为在关於生命、不能生活的回答的规定的 Hsf 的互联的第一条证据。 | Mukesh Kumar Wolfgang Busch Hannah Birke Birgit Kemmerling Thorsten Nurnberger Friedrich Schoffl | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，1： | 15 |
| 9 | 美国临床药学的发展与实践显示文摘目的:介绍美国临床药学的发展史及其实践领域的拓展。方法:简要总结20世纪美国临床药学发展史及其临床实践领域从住院部拓展到门诊,并描述临床药师的主要职责。结果与结论:美国临床药学的重心已从用药和药物调剂向'以患者为中心'、以提高用药安全和有效为目标的临床实践上倾斜。20世纪初,在大多数医院尚无雇佣药师时,一些药师中的有识之士就已开始参加患者监护查房。此后,出现了更多开创性临床实践模式,昭示着药学职业的巨大潜力。这一系列改变也催生了药学博士项目发展,将药师更好地培养为临床人员,运用其药学专长优化患者监护。虽然临床药学的进步并非一蹴而就和一帆风顺,但经过药师和专业组织的努力,临床药学发展方向发生转变,药师已成为多学科团队中不可或缺的一员。 | Kimberly K.Scarsi Emily A.Prinz Hannah K.Snyder Keith M.Olsen 张伶俐 曾力楠 归舸 | 2015 | 中国药房2015，26，26： | 14 |
| 10 | Consequences of bullying victimization in childhood and adolescence:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal evidence.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using Pub Med, EMBASE, ERIC and Psyc INFO electronic databases up to 28 February 2015. The study included published longitudinal and cross-sectional articles that examined health and psychosocial consequences of bullying victimization. All meta-analyses were based on qualityeffects models. Evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria and the grading system developed by the World Cancer Research Fund.RESULTS Out of 317 articles assessed for eligibility, 165 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for meta-analysis.Statistically significant associations were observed between bullying victimization and a wide range of adverse health and psychosocial problems. The evidence was strongest for causal associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, poor general health and suicidal ideation and behaviours. Probable causal associations existed between bullying victimization and tobacco and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION Strong evidence exists for a causal relationship between bullying victimization, mental health problems and substance use. Evidence also exists for associations between bullying victimization and other adverse health and psychosocial problems, however, there is insufficient evidence to conclude causality. The strong evidence that bullying victimization is causative of mental illness highlights the need for schools to implement effective interventions to address bullying behaviours. | Sophie E Moore Rosana E Norman Shuichi Suetani Hannah J Thomas Peter D Sly James G Scott | 2017 | World Journal of Psychiatry2017，7，1： | 12 |
| 11 | Why forefoot striking in minimal shoes might positively change the course of running injuries显示文摘It is believed that human ancestors evolved the ability to run bipedally approximately 2 million years ago. This form of locomotion may have been important to our survival and likely has influenced the evolution of our body form. As our bodies have adapted to run, it seems unusual that up to 79% of modern day runners are injured annually. The etiology of these injuries is clearly multifactorial. However, 1 aspect of running that has significantly changed over the past 50 years is the footwear we use. Modern running shoes have become increasingly cushioned and supportive, and have changed the way we run. In particular, they have altered our footstrike pattern from a predominantly forefoot strike(FFS) landing to a predominantly rearfoot strike(RFS) landing. This change alters the way in which the body is loaded and may be contributing to the high rate of injuries runners experience while engaged in an activity for which they were adapted. In this paper, we will examine the benefits of barefoot running(typically an FFS pattern),and compare the lower extremity mechanics between FFS and RFS. The implications of these mechanical differences, in terms of injury, will be discussed. We will then provide evidence to support our contention that FFS provides an optimal mechanical environment for specific foot and ankle structures, such as the heel pad, the plantar fascia, and the Achilles tendon. The importance of footwear will then be addressed, highlighting its interaction with strike pattern on mechanics. This analysis will underscore why footwear matters when assessing mechanics. Finally, proper preparation and safe transition to an FFS pattern in minimal shoes will be emphasized. Through the discussion of the current literature, we will develop a justification for returning to running in the way for which we were adapted to reduce running-related injuries. | Irene S.Davis Hannah M.Rice Scott C.Wearing | 2017 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2017，6，2： | 10 |
| 12 | Multi-scale phylogenetic structure in coastal dune plant communities across the globe显示文摘Aims Studies integrating phylogenetic history and large-scale community assembly are few,and many questions remain unanswered.Here,we use a global coastal dune plant data set to uncover the important factors in community assembly across scales from the local filtering processes to the global long-term diversification and dispersal dynamics.Coastal dune plant communities occur worldwide under a wide range of climatic and geologic conditions as well as in all biogeographic regions.However,global patterns in the phylogenetic composition of coastal dune plant communities have not previously been studied.Methods The data set comprised vegetation data from 18463 plots in New Zealand,South Africa,South America,North America and Europe.The phylogenetic tree comprised 2241 plant species from 149 families.We calculated phylogenetic clustering(Net Relatedness Index,NRI,and Nearest Taxon Index,NTI)of regional dune floras to estimate the amount of in situ diversification relative to the global dune species pool and evaluated the relative importance of land and climate barriers for these diversification patterns by geographic analyses of phylogenetic similarity.We then tested whether dune plant communities exhibit similar patterns of phylogenetic structure within regions.Finally,we calculated NRI for local communities relative to the regional species pool and tested for an association with functional traits(plant height and seed mass)thought to vary along sea–inland gradients.Important Findings Regional species pools were phylogenetically clustered relative to the global pool,indicating regional diversification.NTI showed stronger clustering than NRI pointing to the importance of especially recent diversifications within regions.The species pools grouped phylogenetically into two clusters on either side of the tropics suggesting greater dispersal rates within hemispheres than between hemispheres.Local NRI plot values confirmed that most communities were also phylogenetically clustered within regions.NRI values decreased with increasing plant height and seed mass,indicating greater phylogenetic clustering in communities with short maximum height and good dispersers prone to wind and tidal disturbance as well as salt spray,consistent with environmental filtering along sea–inland gradients.Height and seed mass both showed significant phylogenetic signal,and NRI tended to correlate negatively with both at the plot level.Low NRI plots tended to represent coastal scrub and forest,whereas high NRI plots tended to represent herb-dominated vegetation.We conclude that regional diversification processes play a role in dune plant community assembly,with convergence in local phylogenetic community structure and local variation in community structure probably reflecting consistent coastal-inland gradients.Our study contributes to a better understanding of the globally distributed dynamic coastal ecosystems and the structuring factors working on dune plant communities across spatial scales and regions. | Ane Kirstine Brunbjerg Jeannine Cavender-Bares Wolf L.Eiserhardt Rasmus Ejrnæs Lonnie W.Aarssen Hannah L.Buckley Estelle Forey Florian Jansen Jens Kattge Cynthia Lane Roy A.Lubke Angela T.Moles Ana Laura Monserrat Robert K.Peet Julissa Roncal Louise Wootton Jens-Christian Svenning | 2014 | Journal of Plant Ecology2014，7，2： | 9 |
| 13 | Visceral hypersensitivity in inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome: The role of proteases显示文摘Proteases, enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of peptide bonds, are present at high concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract. Besides their well-known role in the digestive process, they also function as signaling molecules through the activation of protease-activated receptors(PARs). Based on their chemical mechanism for catalysis, proteases can be classified into several classes: serine, cysteine, aspartic, metallo- and threonine proteases represent the mammalian protease families. In particular, the class of serine proteases will play a significant role in this review. In the last decades, proteases have been suggested to play a key role in the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity, which is a major factor contributing to abdominal pain in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and/or irritable bowel syndrome. So far, only a few preclinical animal studies have investigated the effect of protease inhibitors specifically on visceral sensitivity while their effect on inflammation is described in more detail. In our accompanying review we describe their effect on gastrointestinal permeability. On account of their promising results in the field of visceral hypersensitivity, further research is warranted. The aim of this review is to give an overview on the concept of visceral hypersensitivity as well as on the physiological and pathophysiological functions of proteases herein. | Hannah Ceuleers Hanne Van Spaendonk Nikita Hanning Jelena Heirbaut Anne-Marie Lambeir Jurgen Joossens Koen Augustyns Joris G De Man Ingrid De Meester Benedicte Y De Winter | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，47： | 7 |
| 14 | 贵州草海越冬黑颈鹤飞出飞回夜栖地行为节律初步观察显示文摘野生动物行为节律常常是其对环境变化的一种行为适应。黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)越冬期会利用固定夜栖地,形成每天早晨飞出觅食,傍晚飞回夜栖的固定行为模式。为探索这一固定行为模式在越冬不同时期的变化及其影响因素,利用瞬时扫描法对草海湿地全部7个固定夜栖地的黑颈鹤飞出和飞回夜栖地准确时间及飞出之前和飞回之后在夜栖地的行为节律进行了观察。并且保证越冬前期(11月9日至12月31日)、中期(1月1日至2月21)和后期(2月22日至3月31日)3个阶段的调查时间分别不低于15 d。结果表明,越冬不同时期黑颈鹤飞出夜栖地时间差异极显著(F=23.38,P<0.01),飞回夜栖地时间存在显著性差异(F=3.51,P<0.05)。整个越冬期,黑颈鹤飞出夜栖地时间在中期延后,而到后期则更为提前,越冬前期、中期和后期飞出夜栖地的平均时间分别为7:34时、7:40时和7:13时;而飞回夜栖地时间逐渐延后,平均时间由前期的17:12时,至中期的17:40时和后期的18:15时。黑颈鹤飞出夜栖地之前的行为在越冬前期、中期和后期差异极显著(F=1 768.25,df=12,P<0.01),飞回夜栖地之后的行为在前期、中期和后期差异亦极显著(F=793.98,df=12,P<0.01)。越冬前期、中期和后期,黑颈鹤飞出夜栖地之前的行为与飞回夜栖地之后的行为均差异极显著(前期F=2 723.16,df=6,P<0.01;中期F=1 979.48,df=6,P<0.01;后期F=5 098.18,df=6,P<0.01)。黑颈鹤在飞出夜栖地前的80 min内,其行为以保养(34.32%)和休息(32.38%)为主;而飞回夜栖地后的90 min内,以觅食(43.04%)和休息(23.68%)为主。飞出时刻与日出时刻呈显著强相关(r=0.832,n=48,P<0.01),飞回时刻与日落时刻呈弱相关(r=0.353,n=47,P<0.01)。日出时间与黑颈鹤飞出夜栖地的时间的差值(Y1)受飞离时的空气湿度(W)影响,二者成反比,Y1=0.469﹣0.625W,P<0.05。黑颈鹤飞回夜栖地时刻与日落时刻的差值(Y2)受当天平均温度(T)的影响较为显著,Y2=1.231﹣0.107T,P<0.05,当天平均温度越高黑颈鹤飞回夜栖地时间越早,温度越低,黑颈鹤飞回夜栖地的时间越晚。研究结果对于进一步探讨黑颈鹤完整夜栖行为及其对干扰的适应性具有重要意义。 | 孙喜娇 张明明 Hannah Larson 胡灿实 粟海军 | 2018 | 动物学杂志2018，53，2： | 7 |
| 15 | Regulation of intestinal permeability: The role of proteases显示文摘The gastrointestinal barrier is-with approximately 400 m^2-the human body's largest surface separating the external environment from the internal milieu. This barrier serves a dual function: permitting the absorption of nutrients, water and electrolytes on the one hand, while limiting host contact with noxious luminal antigens on the other hand. To maintain this selective barrier, junction protein complexes seal the intercellular space between adjacent epithelial cells and regulate the paracellular transport. Increased intestinal permeability is associated with and suggested as a player in the pathophysiology of various gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease and type 1 diabetes. The gastrointestinal tract is exposed to high levels of endogenous and exogenous proteases, both in the lumen and in the mucosa. There is increasing evidence to suggest that a dysregulation of the protease/antiprotease balance in the gut contributes to epithelial damage and increased permeability. Excessive proteolysis leads to direct cleavage of intercellular junction proteins, or to opening of the junction proteins via activation of protease activated receptors. In addition, proteases regulate the activity and availability of cytokines and growth factors, which are also known modulators of intestinal permeability. This review aims at outlining the mechanisms by which proteases alter the intestinal permeability. More knowledge on the role of proteases in mucosal homeostasis and gastrointestinal barrier function will definitely contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets for permeability-related diseases. | Hanne Van Spaendonk Hannah Ceuleers Leonie Witters Eveline Patteet Jurgen Joossens Koen Augustyns Anne-Marie Lambeir Ingrid De Meester Joris G De Man Benedicte Y De Winter | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，12： | 6 |
| 16 | Clinical impact of confocal laser endomicroscopy in the management of gastrointestinal lesions with an uncertain diagnosis显示文摘AIM To evaluate the clinical impact of confocal laser endomicroscopy(CLE) in the diagnosis and management of patients with an uncertain diagnosis.METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed.Patients who underwent CLE between November 2013 and October 2015 and exhibited a poor correlation between endoscopic and histological findings were included.Baseline characteristics,indications,previous diagnostic studies,findings at the time of CLE,clinical management and histological results were analyzed.Interventions based on CLE findings were also analyzed.We compared the diagnostic accuracy of CLE and target biopsies of surgical specimens.RESULTS A total of 144 patients were included.Of these,51%(74/144) were female.The mean age was 51 years old.In all,41/144(28.4%) lesions were neoplastic(13 bile duct,10 gastric,8 esophageal,6 colonic,1 duodenal,1 rectal,1 ampulloma and 1 pancreatic).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and observed agreement when CLE was used to detect N-lesions were 85.37%,87.38%,72.92%,93.75% and 86.81%,respectively.Cohen's Kappa was 69.20%,thus indicating good agreement.Changes in management were observed in 54% of the cases.CONCLUSION CLE is a new diagnostic tool that has a significant clinical impact on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with uncertain diagnosis. | Carlos Robles-Medranda Maria Vargas Jesenia Ospina Miguel Puga-Tejada Manuel Valero Miguel Soria Gladys Bravo Carlos Robles-Jara Hannah Pitanga Lukashok | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，8： | 6 |
| 17 | Grain size effect on wear resistance of WC-Co cemented carbides under different tribological conditions显示文摘The grain-size dependence of wear resistance of WC-Co cemented carbides(with mean WC grain sizes of 2.2μm,1.6μm,0.8μm and 0.4μm,respectively)was investigated under different tribological conditions.The results showed that the grain size had opposite effects on wear resistance of the cemented carbides in dry sliding wear and microabrasion tests.In the former condition,with decrease of WC grain size hence the increase of hardness,plastic deformation,fracture,fragmentation and oxidation were all mitigated,leading to a drastic decrease in the wear rate.In the latter condition,pull-out of WC grains after Co removal dominated the wear,so that the hardness of cemented carbide was not a core factor.As a result,the wear resistance of the cemented carbide generally showed a decreasing trend with decrease of the grain size,except for a slight increase in the ultrafine-grained cemented carbide.Single-pass scratching of the cemented carbides under various loads indicated the same failure mechanism as that in the sliding wear tests.Furthermore,the reasons for severe surface oxidation of the coarse-grained cemented carbides were disclosed. | Haibin Wang Mark Gee Qingfan Qiu Hannah Zhang Xuemei Liu Hongbo Nie Xiaoyan Song Zuoren Nie | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，11： | 6 |
| 18 | 骨形成蛋白对小鼠造血型急性放射损伤治疗作用的研究显示文摘小鼠经60 Coγ射线 6 .5 - 7.5Gy照射后 ,分别于肌袋内植入纯化牛BMP ,或腹腔内注入可溶性rhBMP - 2m ,或移植Pbk -hBMP - 2 /NIH3T3入腹腔内 ,观察动物的 30d活存情况 ,并检测几种造血参数。结果表明 ,pbBMP(纯化牛骨形成蛋白 )、hBMP - 2m (重组骨形成蛋白 - 2多肽 )Pbk -BMP - 2 /NIH3T3cellline(PBKhBMP - 2转基因细胞株 )对小鼠 6 .5、7.0、7.5Gyγ射线照射后急性放射造血损伤有治疗作用 :GM -CFU集落形成率、各项造血参数和 30d活存率均较对照组有显著性差异 (p <0 .0 1)。本工作结果提示 ,BMP对成年动物放射所致造血损伤具有治疗作用 ,其机理与促进已损伤的造血功能的修复作用有关。 | 田琼 张绍章 蒲勤 张发科 Hannah X.H. | 2001 | 辐射研究与辐射工艺学报2001，19，3： | 6 |
| 19 | Patterns of in-hospital mortality and bleeding complications following PCI for very elderly patients: insights from the Dartmouth Dynamic Registry显示文摘BackgroundVery 老病人(年龄 85 年) 是人口的一个很快增加的片断。作为一个组,他们经历跟随经皮的冠的干预(一种总线标准) 的在里面医院死亡和流血复杂并发症的高率。然而,在流血和死亡在之间的关系老 unknown.MethodsRetrospective 评论在 Dartmouth-Hitchcock 从 2000 ~ 2015 在 17,378 连续一种总线标准过程上被执行医学中心。在索引一种总线标准承认期间流血的发生(流血要求的输送,存取地点 hematoma > 5 厘米, pseudoaneurysm,和 retroperitoneal 流血)? 并且在里面医院死亡为四个年龄组被报导(< 65 年, 65-74 年, 75-84 年,和 85 年) 。承受了谁的流血复杂并发症和那些的病人的死亡被计算, multivariate 分析为在里面医院被执行死亡。最后,知道流血的预言者在病人年龄之间被比较 < 85 年和年龄 17,378 个病人学习了的 85 years.ResultsOf,(5.9%) 1019 经历了流血,(2.1%) 369 死了在里面医院追随者一种总线标准。流血和在里面医院死亡的发生与增加年龄 monotonically 增加了(死亡:0.94% , 2.27% , 4.24% 和 4.58% ;流血:3.96% , 6.62% , 10.68% 和 13.99% 好久 < 65, 65-74, 75-84 和 85 年,分别地) 。除了病人年龄 85 年,在 multivariate 分析上,流血为所有年龄组与增加的死亡被联系[机会比率(95% CI ) :变老 < 65 年, 3.65 (1.99-6.74 ) ;年龄 65-74 年, 2.83 (1.62-4.94 ) ;年龄 75-84 年, 3.86 (2.56-5.82 ) ,年龄 85 年:1.39 (0.49-3.95 )] 有增加的 .ConclusionsBleeding 和死亡追随者一种总线标准增加变老。为老尽管有流血的高率,流血在里面医院死亡追随者一种总线标准不再是预兆的。 | Shawn X Li Hannah I Chaudry Jiyong Lee Theodore B Curran Vishesh Kumar Kendrew K Wong Bruce W Andrus James T DeVries | 2018 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2018，15，2： | 6 |
| 20 | Hyperresolution information and hyperresolution ignorance in modelling the hydrology of the land surface显示文摘There is a strong drive towards hyperresolution earth system models in order to resolve finer scales of motion in the atmosphere.The problem of obtaining more realistic representation of terrestrial fluxes of heat and water,however,is not just a problem of moving to hyperresolution grid scales.It is much more a question of a lack of knowledge about the parameterisation of processes at whatever grid scale is being used for a wider modelling problem.Hyperresolution grid scales cannot alone solve the problem of this hyperresolution ignorance.This paper discusses these issues in more detail with specific reference to land surface parameterisations and flood inundation models.The importance of making local hyperresolution model predictions available for evaluation by local stakeholders is stressed.It is expected that this will be a major driving force for improving model performance in the future. | Keith BEVEN Hannah CLOKE Florian PAPPENBERGER Rob LAMB Neil HUNTER | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，1： | 6 |
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