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| 1 | Fondaparinux预防老年急性内科患者发生静脉血栓形成的效果与安全性:随机安慰剂对照研究显示文摘目的:观察 Fondaparinux 对具有中高度静脉血栓发生危险的老年急性内科住院患者的抗凝效果与安全性。设计:双盲随机安慰剂对照研究。背景:8个国家的35个中心。参与者:849例≥60岁内科患者,住院原因分别为充血性心力衰竭、慢性肺病合并急性呼吸系统疾患、急性炎症性或感染性疾病,预期至少住院4天以上。干预:2.5 mg Fondaparinux 或安慰剂,每天1次皮下注射,持续6~14天。观察指标:主要指标为静脉血栓形成(治疗后15天内采用双侧静脉造影检查)及有症状的静脉血栓;次要指标为死亡与出血。患者随访时间为1个月。结果:Fondaparinux 治疗组425例患者和安慰剂组414例患者接受了安全性分析(10例未治疗)。644例患者(75.9%)可接受主要指标分析。静脉血栓检出率在 Fondaparinux 治疗组为5.6%(18/321),安慰剂组为10.5%(34/323),相对危险减少46.7%(95% CI 7.7%~69.3%)。安慰剂组5例患者发生有症状的静脉血栓,Fondaparinux治疗组无患者发生有症状的静脉血栓(P=0.029)。两组均有1例(0.2%)患者发生严重出血。随访结束时,安慰剂组、Fondaparinux 治疗组分别死亡25(6.0%)、14(3.3%)例患者。结论:Fondaparinux 可有效预防急性内科老年患者无症状性及有症状的静脉血栓。严重出血几率两组相似。 | Alexander T Cohen Bruce L Davidson Alexander S Gallus Michael R Lassen Martin H Prins Witold Tomkowski Alexander G G Turpie Jan F M Egberts Anthonie W A Lensing 石汉平(译) 王深明(校) | 2006 | 英国医学杂志中文版2006，9，5： | 3 |
| 2 | CD28/CTLA-4/B7 and CD40/CD40L costimulation and activation of regulatory T cells显示文摘Costimulatory signals are crucial for T cell activation. Attempts to block costimulatory pathways have been effective in preventing unwanted immune reactions. In particular, blocking the CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen(CTLA)-4/B7 interaction(using CTLA-4Ig) and the CD40/CD40 L interaction(using anti-CD40 L antibodies) prevents T cell mediated autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and graft vs host disease in experimental models. Moreover, CTLA-4Ig is in clinical use to treat rheumatoid arthritis(abatacept) and to prevent rejection of renal transplants(belatacept). Under certain experimental conditions, this treatment can even result in tolerance. Surprisingly, the underlying mechanisms of immune modulation are still not completely understood. We here discuss the evidence that costimulation blockade differentially affects effector T cells(Teff) and regulatory T cells(Treg). The latter are required to control inappropriate and unwanted immune responses, and their activity often contributes to tolerance induction and maintenance. Unfortunately, our knowledge on the costimulatory requirements of Treg cells is very limited. We therefore summarize the current understanding ofthe costimulatory requirements of Treg cells, and elaborate on the effect of anti-CD40 L antibody and CTLA-4Ig treatment on Treg cell activity. In this context, we point out that the outcome of a treatment aiming at blocking the CD28/CTLA-4/B7 costimulatory interaction can vary with dosing, timing and underlying immunopathology. | Isabel T Vogel Stefaan W Van Gool Jan L Ceuppens | 2014 | World Journal of Immunology2014，4，2： | 3 |
| 3 | Color Selection and Location Selection in ERPs:Differences,Similarities and ' Neural Specificity'显示文摘 | Jan J L Albertus A W Lambertus J M | 1998 | Biological Psychology1998，48，： | 1 |
| 4 | The alkaloid rutaecarpine is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A in mouse an human livermicrosomes显示文摘 | Ueng Y F Jan W C Lin L C | 2002 | Drug Metab Dispos2002，30，3： | 1 |
| 5 | A peptide as a possible transmitter in sympathetic ganglia of the frog显示文摘 | Jan Y N Jan L Y Kuffler S W | 1979 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1979，76，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Contribution of water content and bulk density to field soil penetration resistance as measured by a combined cone penetrometer-TDR probe显示文摘 | Vaz M P C Bassoi H L Hopmans W Jan | 2001 | Soil and Tillage Research2001，60，12： | 1 |
| 7 | Resorbable Materials of Poly (L-lactide) VII in Vivo and in Vivo Degradation显示文摘 | LEENSLAG ALERT L | 1987 | Biomaterials1987，8，： | 1 |
| 8 | Dimethylsulfoniopropi- onate cleavage by marine phytoplankton in response to mechani- cal,chemical or dark stress显示文摘 | Gordon V W Suzanne L S Jan L H | 2002 | Journal of Phycology2002，38，： | 1 |
| 9 | Development of human protein reference database as an initial platform for approaching systems biology in humans 显示文摘 | PERI S NAVARRO J D AMANCHY R KRISTIANSEN T Z JONNALAGADDA C K SURENDRANATH V NIRAN JAN V MUTHUSAMY B GANDHI T K GRONBORG M IBARROLA N DESHPANDE N SHANKER K SHIVASHANKAR H N RASHMI B P RAMYA M A ZHAO Z CHANDRIKA K N PADMA N HARSHA H C YATISH A J KAVITHA M P MENEZES M CHOUDHURY D R SURESH S GHOSH N SARAVANA R CHANDRAN S KRISHNA S JoY M ANAND S K MADAVAN V JOSEPH A WONG G W SCHIEMANN W P CONSTANTINESCU S N HUANG L KHOSRAVI-FAR R STEEN H TEWARI M GHAFFARI S BLOBE G C DANG C V GARCIA J G PEVSNER J JENSEN O N ROEPSTORFF P DESHPANDE K S CHINNAIYAN A M HAMOSH A CHAKRAVARTI A PANDEY A | 2003 | Genome Research2003，13，10： | 1 |
| 10 | Characterization of polyploid wheat genomic diversity using a high-density 90 000 single nucleotide polymorphism array 显示文摘 | Wang SC Debbie W Kerrie F Alexandra A Shiaoman C Bevan EH Marco M Silvio S Sara GM Luigi C Anna MM Alex W Stuart S Gary B Ralf W Joerg P International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium Morten L Diane M Rudi A Rudy D Gina BG Abraham K Alina RA Catherine F Jerome S Michele M Curtis P Luo MC Jan DMM Jorge D Martin G Roberto T Cindy L Ivan M Colin C Keith JE Matthew H Eduard A | 2014 | Plant Biotechnol J2014，12，： | 1 |
| 11 | Different levels of the homeodomain protein cut regulate distinct dendrite branching patterns of Drosophila multidendritic neurons显示文摘 | Grueber W B Jan L Y Jan Y N | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 12 | Metabolic and vascular effects of circulating endothelin-1 during moderately heavy prolonged exereise显示文摘 | AHLBORY G EDDIE W JAN L | 1995 | J Appl Physiol1995，78，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Pulsing torque minimization techniques for permanent magnet AC drives a review显示文摘 | JAN T M SONG W L | 1996 | IEEE Trans on Industrial Electronics1996，43，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Characterization of chars from pyrolysis of lignin显示文摘 | Geoffrey Chan W Jan B Wooten Vicki L Baliga | 2004 | Fuel2004，83，： | 1 |
| 15 | The MIQE Guidelines: Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments显示文摘 | Bustin Stephen A Benes Vladimir Garson Jeremy A Hellemans Jan Huggett Jim Kubista Mikael Mueller Reinhold Nolan Tania Pfaffl Michael W Shipley Gregory L Vandesompele Jo Wittwer Carl T | 2009 | Clinical Chemistry2009，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Housebold knowledge,attitudes and practices related to pet contact and associated zoonoses in Ontario,Canada显示文摘 | JASON W S L ANDREW S P JAN M S | 2012 | BMC Public Health2012，12，： | 1 |
| 17 | Contribution of visual and circadian neural circuits to memory for prolonged mating induced by rivals显示文摘 | Kim W J Jan L Y Jan Y N | 2012 | Nature Neuroscience2012，15，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Serumhigh densitylipoprotein cholesterol inpatient with abnormal coro- naryarteries显示文摘 | Jan M H Macintosh W Weldon K L | 1980 | Atherosclerosis1980，37，： | 1 |
| 19 | Characterization of chars from pyrolysis of lignin显示文摘 | Ramesh K Sharma Jan B Wooten Vicki L Baliga Xuehao Lin W Geoffrey Chan Mohammad R Hajaligol | 2004 | Fuel2004，，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Synthesis of high-molecular-weight poly(L-Lactide)initiated with tin 2-ethyl-hexanoate显示文摘 | Jan W L Albert J P | 1987 | Makromolchem1987，188，8： | 1 |
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