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| 1 | HIDA scan for functional gallbladder disorder: ensure that you know how the scan was done显示文摘BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing use of fatty meal(FM) as a substitute for cholecystokinin(CCK) in pain reproduction during hepato-imino-diacetic acid(HIDA) scan in functional gallbladder disorder, there are no studies comparing the differences between CCK and FM. The present study was to compare the efficacy of FM in comparison of CCK in FGBD application. METHODS: Patients undergoing HIDA scans from August 2013 to May 2014 were divided into two groups: those undergoing CCK-stimulated HIDA scan versus FM-stimulated HIDA scan. These groups were compared according to demographics and HIDA results.RESULTS: Of 153 patients, 70 received CCK and 83 FM. There was no difference regarding age, gender, gallstones, gallbladder ejection fraction and time to visualization. However, significantly more of the patients receiving CCK than FM experienced pain reproduction(61% vs 30%, P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: Stimulation of gallbladder contractility with a FM during HIDA is less than half as likely to reproduce biliary symptoms compared to CCK, despite similar ejection fractions and other parameters. It is essential that providers account for this difference when counseling patients regarding cholecystectomy for functional gallbladder disorder. | Naeem Goussous Hadia Maqsood Ethan Spiegler Gopal C Kowdley Steven C Cunningham | 2017 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2017，16，2： | 5 |
| 2 | Mitochondrial DNA from hepatocytes as a ligand for TLR9: Drivers of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?显示文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, affecting approximately one third of the Western world. It consists of a wide spectrum of liver disorders, ranging from fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), which consists of steatosis, ballooning injury and inflammation. Despite an alarming growth in the statistics surrounding NAFLD, there are as yet no effective therapies for its treatment. Innate immune signaling has been thought to play a significant role in initiating and augmenting hepatic inflammation, contributing to the transition from nonalcoholic fatty liver to NASH. An immune response is triggered by countless signals called damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs) elicited by lipid-laden and damaged hepatocytes, which are recognized by pattern recognition receptors(PRRs) on hepatic immune cells to initiate inflammatory signaling. In this editorial, in addition to summarizing innate immune signaling in NAFLD and discussing potential therapies that target innate immune pathways, we have described a recent study that demonstrated that mitochondrial DNA serves as a DAMP activating a hepatic PRR, TLR9, in mice and in the plasma of NASH patients. In addition to identifying a new ligand for TLR9 during NASH progression, the study shows that blocking TLR9 reverses NASH, paving the way for the development of future NASH therapy. | Priya Handa Akhila Vemulakonda Kris V Kowdley Misael Uribe Nahum Méndez-Sánchez | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，31： | 3 |
| 3 | Sofosbuvir with pegylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for treatment-naive patients with hepatitis C genotype-1 infection (ATOMIC): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial显示文摘 | Kris V Kowdley Eric Lawitz Israel Crespo Tarek Hassanein Mitchell N Davis Michael DeMicco David E Bernstein Nezam Afdhal John M Vierling Stuart C Gordon Jane K Anderson Robert H Hyland Hadas Dvory-Sobol Di An Robert G Hindes Efsevia Albanis William T Symo | 2013 | The Lancet2013，，9883： | 3 |
| 4 | Review of direct-acting antiviral agents for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C显示文摘 | Nihar Shah Tracey Pierce Kris V Kowdley | 2013 | Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs2013，，9： | 3 |
| 5 | Serum ferritin is an independent predictor of histologic severity and advanced fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘 | Kris V. Kowdley Patricia Belt Laura A. Wilson Matthew M. Yeh Brent A. Neuschwander‐Tetri Naga Chalasani Arun J. Sanyal James E. Nelson | 2011 | Hepatology2011，，： | 3 |
| 6 | Global Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus显示文摘 | Brian Custer Sean D. Sullivan Thomas K. Hazlet Uchenna Iloeje David L. Veenstra Kris V. Kowdley | 2004 | Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology . 2004 (10 S)2004，，10： | 2 |
| 7 | Iron Metabolism in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease显示文摘 | James E. Nelson Heather Klintworth Kris V. Kowdley | 2012 | Current Gastroenterology Reports2012，，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Extrahepatic biliary stricture associated with cytomegalovirus in a liver transplant recipient显示文摘 | Kris V. Kowdley Karim A. Fawaz Marshall M. Kaplan | 1996 | Transplant International1996，，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Hemochromatosis gene and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘 | Ruben Hernaez Edwina Yeung Jeanne M. Clark Kris V. Kowdley Frederick L. Brancati Wen Hong Linda Kao | 2011 | Journal of Hepatology2011，，5： | 2 |
| 10 | 血清铁蛋白是非酒精性脂肪肝患者组织炎症严重程度和晚期肝纤维化的独立预测指标显示文摘非酒精性脂肪肝(nonalcoholicfattyliverdisease。NAFLD)是肝脏疾病最常见的病因.在美国人群中发病率可达20%。铁蛋白是肝脏储存铁的主要形式.原发性或继发性铁代谢紊乱都会增加肝脏铁蛋白的分泌.从而导致肝内和循环中铁蛋白水平的增加。研究表明.炎症刺激和氧化应激能上调血清铁蛋白(sel3.1mferriritin,SF)的表达,其作用可能是通过特殊的氧化剂作用于蛋白质转录和翻译阶段而实现的。 | Kowdley KV Belt P Wilson LA 罗光成 闫惠平 | 2013 | 北京医学2013，35，3： | 2 |
| 11 | Pancreatic fistula without pancreatitis after endoscopic billary stent placement for bile leak after orthotopic liver transplantation显示文摘 | TUNG BY KOWDLEY KV KIMMEY MB | 1999 | Gastrointest Endose1999，49，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Serum ferritin is an independent predictor of histologic severity and advanced fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘 | Kowdley KV Belt P Wilson LA | 2012 | Hepatology2012，55，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Iron,hemochromatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘 | Kowdley KV | 2004 | Gastroenterology2004，127，51： | 1 |
| 14 | Natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis显示文摘 | Liou I Kowdley KV | 2006 | J Clin Gastroenterol2006，40，31： | 1 |
| 15 | Depression,fatigue,and functional disability in patients with chronic hepatitis C显示文摘 | Dwight MM Kowdley KV Russo JE | 2000 | Journal of Psychosomatic Research2000，49，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a ran- domized triM显示文摘 | Lindor KD Kowdley KV Heathcote EJ et ol | 2004 | Hepatology2004，39，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Cognitive impairment and intracranial calcification in chronic hypoparathyroidism显示文摘 | Kowdley KV Coull BI | 1999 | Am J Med Sei1999，317，5： | 1 |
| 18 | An international study eval- uating the farnesoid X receptor agonist obeticholic acid as mono- therapy in PB显示文摘 | Kowdley KV Jones D Luketic V | 2011 | J Hepatol2011，54，： | 1 |
| 19 | Prognostic factors in acute pancreatitis 显示文摘 | Triester SL Kowdley KV | 2002 | J Clin Gastroenterol2002，34，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of nonalcoholicsteatohepatitis : result s of a randomized trial 显示文摘 | Lindor KD Kowdley KV Heathcote E J | 2004 | Hepatology2004，39，3： | 1 |
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