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| 1 | Timing,scale and mechanism of the destruction of the North China Craton显示文摘The North China Craton (NCC) is a classical example of ancient destroyed cratons.Since the initiation of the North China Craton Destruction Project by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,numerous studies have been conducted on the timing,scale,and mechanism of this destruction through combined interdisciplinary research.Available data suggest that the destruction occurred mainly in the eastern NCC,whereas the western NCC was only locally modified.The sedimentation,magmatic activities and structural deformation after cratonization at ~1.8 Ga indicate that the NCC destruction took place in the Mesozoic with a peak age of ca 125 Ma.A global comparison suggests that most cratons on Earth are not destroyed,although they have commonly experienced lithospheric thinning;destruction is likely to occur only when the craton has been disturbed by oceanic subduction.The destruction of the NCC was coincident with globally active plate tectonics and high mantle temperatures during the Cretaceous.The subducted Pacific slab destabilized mantle convection beneath the eastern NCC,which resulted in cratonic destruction in the eastern NCC.Delamination and/or thermal-mechanical-chemical erosion resulted from the destabilization of mantle convection. | ZHU RiXiang CHEN Ling WU FuYuan LIU JunLai | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，6： | 178 |
| 2 | Late Mesozoic metamorphic core complexes: new constraints on lithosphere thinning in North China显示文摘变形核心建筑群(mcc 的) 在岩石圈扩展的最突出的结构的式样之中并且在诺思中国在迟了的中生代期间变瘦。在这篇论文,几何,运动学并且 mcc 的一些的年龄特征例如 Liaonan, Waziyu (Yiwulshan ) , Yunmengshan,等等,被讨论。一些普通特征例如运动学的极性,几何不对称现象,在时间跨度上的出现,散布并且孤立分发,和进步开发,能在地区性的岩石圈扩展上提供直接限制并且在诺思中国变瘦,它不赞成占优势的羽毛模型,一个一般分层模型或前紧张的倒塌在变厚的 orogenic 上外壳。我们是那几个方面例如在在岩石圈期间,扩展和谭璐指责的深度的运动学的极性,当为岩石圈扩展构造一个更讲理的模型并且在诺思中国变瘦时,应该被考虑。 | LIU Junlai GUAN Huimei JI Mo HU Ling | 2006 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2006，16，6： | 38 |
| 3 | Early Cretaceous extensional structures in the Liaodong Peninsula:Structural associations,geochronological constraints and regional tectonic implications显示文摘Various extensional structures,e.g.,half grabens,detachment faults,and metamorphic core complexes,were formed in the Liaodong Peninsula.There are two metamorphic core complexes (mcc's) in the western part of the Peninsula,i.e.the Liaonan mcc and the Wanfu mcc.They share the same lower plate and constitute a conjugate mcc pair.The Dayingzi detachment fault system and the three half grabens are exposed in the central and eastern parts,respectively.U-Pb dating of zircons from syntectonic plutons in the lower plates of the detachment faults and volcanic rocks from half graben basins indicates that their formation spans from 135 to 106 Ma,although the individual structure may be formed at a particular stage.Despite the differences in age of formation,in the regional attitudes,and in rooting depths,the extensional structures have great similarities in their kinematics,geometrical asymmetry,and coeval tectono-magmatic activities etc.Macroscopically,the extensional structures constitute conjugate associations,but a particular one generally has asymmetric patterns.Early Cretaceous extensional structures extend from the Liaodong Peninsula to North China,Northeast China,South China,and eastern Mongolia and Transbaikal area in Russia.The extensional structures from different areas share many common features.The Liaodong Peninsula is the miniature of the East Asia with respect to the formation of extensional structures in Early Cretaceous.It is suggested that the interaction of the Izanagi Plate with Eurasia Plate is responsible for the extension of crust.The structural mobility of the lithosphere,partly attributed to the fluid flow at the depth,and detachment faulting in both the crustal and mantle lithosphere provide important constraints on the development of Early Cretaceous extensional structures in the East Asia. | LIU JunLai JI Mo SHEN Liang GUAN HuiMei Gregory A DAVIS | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，6： | 38 |
| 4 | Homology-mediated end joining-based targeted integration using CRISPR/Cas9显示文摘 | Yao, Xuan Wang, Xing Hu, Xinde Liu, Zhen Liu, Junlai Zhou, Haibo Shen, Xiaowen Wei, Yu Huang, Zijian Ying, Wenqin Wang, Yan Nie, Yan-Hong Zhang, Chen-Chen Li, Sanlan Cheng, Leping Wang, Qifang Wu, Yan Huang, Pengyu Sun, Qiang Shi, Linyu Yang, Hui | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，6： | 28 |
| 5 | Structure, evolution and regional tectonic implications of the Queshan metamorphic core complex in eastern Jiaodong Peninsula of China显示文摘The Queshan MCC is an important example of a crustal extensional structure in the eastern Jiaodong Peninsula along the southeastern margin of the NCC in the Early Cretaceous. The MCC is a typical Cordilleran-type core complex with a three-layered structure:(1) the upper plate is constituted by the Cretaceous supradetachment basin and Paleoproterozoic basement;(2) the lower plate comprises the Neoarchean high-grade metamorphic complexes and late Mesozoic granitic intrusions; and(3) the two plates are separated by a master detachment fault. A series of late NEN-oriented brittle faults superimposed on and destructed the early MCC. Petrology, geometry, kinematics, macro- and micro-structures and quartz c-axis fabrics imply that the MCC has a progressive exhumation history from middle-lower to subsurface level(via middle-upper crustal level) under the nearly WNW-ESE regional extensional regime. We present structural and geochronological evidence to constrain the exhumation of the Queshan MCC from ca. 135 to 113 Ma. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the different patterns of extensional structures in the Jiaodong and Liaodong Peninsula, we have defined the Jiao-Liao Early Cretaceou extensional province and further divided the crustal extension of it into two stages: the first stage was the intense flow of the middle-lower crust and the second stage was the extension of the middle-upper crust. Combining the tectonic setting, the lithosphere thinning in the Jiao-Liao Early Cretaceous extensional province can be considered a typical model for the response of crust-mantle detachment faulting under regional extension in East Asia. | XIA ZengMing LIU JunLai NI JinLong ZHANG TingTing SHI XingMing WU Yun | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，5： | 17 |
| 6 | The Dayingzi detachment fault system in Liaodong Peninsula and its regional tectonic significance显示文摘Large scale lithosphere thinning is an important characteristic of the destruction of the North China Craton (NCC) during the late Mesozoic. A series of extensional structures were developed under extensional setting, among which is the Dayingzi detachment fault system (DFS). The DFS is constituted by three parts, volcano-sedimentary basins at the hanging wall, the Dayingzi-Huanghuadian detachment fault zone, and Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rock series and Mesozoic plutons at the foot-wall. In the section across the detachment fault zone, there is a sequence of tectonites including fault gouge, microbreccia, cataclastic-mylonites, mylonites, and gneissic biotite monzonite granite. Microstructural characteristics of tectonites and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns of quartz indicate that the rocks from the footwall experienced a process from upper greenschist facies to lower greenschist facies. SHRIMP and LA-ICP MS U-Pb dating of zircons from the volcanic rocks in the basins, the tectonic evolution of the DFS is summarized as follows: 1) regional extension started at 135.0±1.2 Ma ago, when the detachment fault cut through the middle crust. Faulting induced the upwelling of magma and eruption of volcanic rocks and deformed a series of medium-acid volcanic rocks; 2) after 135.0±1.2 Ma, a large scale detachment faulting was active cross-cutting the mid-upper crust. The western margin of Jurassic and Triassic granite was ductilly and brittly sheared; besides, the Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary rocks were tilted when the master fault approached the surface; 3) at around 127±1 Ma, the detachment fault stopped its activity and was intruded by the unsheared Cretaceous granite near Chaoyang. Comparison with the Liaonan metamorphic core complex (MCC) and other extensional structures in Liaodong Peninsula led to a general trend of including three zones in the Peninsula: MCC zone, detachment fault systems (DFS) zone, and half graben zone. MCC commonly cuts through the mid-lower crust, DFS through the mid-upper crust, and half graben through the upper crust. Therefore, development of the extensional structures in Liaodong Peninsula indicates that they are the results of crustal extension and thinning at different crustal levels. They may provide a deep insight into the dynamic mechanism, history of destruction and lithosphere thinning of the North China Craton (NCC). | SHEN Liang LIU JunLai HU Ling JI Mo GUAN HuiMei Gregory A DAVIS | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，10： | 17 |
| 7 | Laser probe ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar dating of mica on the deformed rocks from Altyn Fault and its tectonic implications,western China显示文摘The samples of Caledonian mylonitized granite and Jurassic meta-sedimentary rocks were collected in the north of Dangjinshan Pass, Qaidam gate fault-valley and Gesi fault-valley. Detailed studies under the microscope and electronic microscope suggest that all the samples contain the syntectonic-growing minerals such as white mica, chlorite, sericite, biotite, etc. By dating these minerals, we got a group of 40Ar/39Ar laser probe isochronal ages of 89-92 Ma and apparent ages of (46.6±6.4) Ma. The ages ranging from 97 to 46 Ma were reported for the first time in the isotopic dating researches of the Altyn Fault The isochronal age group of (98-89) Ma indicates that a ductile strike-slip event, with low-grade metamorphism, began in late Cretaceous. This suggests that the strike-slip movement of the Altyn Fault should be related to the formation of the so-called west tectonic syntaxis in the Nepal-western Kunlun area. | LIU Yongjiang, YE Huiwen, GE Xiaohong, CHEN Wen, LIU Junlai, REN Shoumai & PAN HongxunCollege of Earth Sciences, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130061, China Graduate School, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China Laboratory of Isotopic Geochronology, Institute of Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources of China, Beijing 100037, China | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，4： | 16 |
| 8 | Micro-and submicrostructural evidence for high-temperature brittle-ductile transition deformation of hornblende: Case study of high-grade mylonites from Diancangshan, western Yunnan显示文摘OM (optical microscope)/TEM (transmission electron microscope) micro- and submicrostructural analysis of hornblende rocks sheared at high temperatures from the Diancangshan area, western Yunnan reveals evidence for deformation in the brittle-ductile transition of hornblende at middle crustal level (about 637℃ and 0.653 GPa) and mechanisms of deformation in the transitional regime are further discussed. Sheared hornblende rocks at middle crustal level have typical mylonitic microstructures, shown by coarse porphyroclasts and fine matrix grains. Different mineral phases in the rocks show distinct deformation characteristics. Hornblende and feldspar grains are intensely deformed with ob- vious grainsize reduction, but quartz grains are recrystallized dominantly by grain growth. Hornblende grains show typical brittle-ductile transition nature. Initial crystallographic orientations of porphyro- clasts have strong effects on the behavior of grains during deformation. There are mainly two types of porphyroclasts, type I 'hard' porphyroclasts and type II 'soft' porphyroclasts, with [001] perpendicular and parallel to external shear stresses respectively. 'Hard' porphyroclasts generally occur as compe- tent grains that are rarely deformed or sometimes deformed by fracturing and dislocation tangling. 'Soft' porphyroclasts are highly deformed primarily by dislocation tangling (as shown in the cores of the porphyroclasts), but twinning, dislocation glide and climb probably due to hydrolytic weakening also contribute to dynamic recrystallization of the porphyroclasts into fine grains in the matrix. The micro- and submicrostructures of the two types of porphyroclasts and fine-grained matrix provide powerful evidence for the behavior of brittle-ductile transition of hornblende grains. It is concluded that twinning nucleation is one of the most important processes that operate during dynamic recrystalliza- tion of hornblende crystals at the brittle-ductile transition. (100) [001] twin gliding and dislocation creep (dislocation glide and climb) are mutually enhanced during twinning nucleation. As a newly discovered mechanism of dynamic recrystallization, it may have played more important roles than ever recognized during dynamic recrystallization of crystals with twins in the brittle-ductile transition. | CAO ShuYun, LIU JunLai? & HU Ling State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources (GPMR), China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China Key Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education, China University of Geo- sciences, Beijing 100083, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，10： | 13 |
| 9 | High Temperature Strain Structures and Quartz C-Axis Fabrics from Mylonitic Rocks in the Ailaoshan-Red River Shear Zone,Yunnan,and Their Tectonic Implication显示文摘Ailaoshan 红的河(ASRR ) 砍地区是考虑了东方西藏的现在的构造框架的主要东南亚洲构造断绝之一。几座变形山岳沿着 shear 地区线性地是分布式的,例如从北方的 Xuelongshan, Diancangshan, Ailaoshan 和到南方的天 Nui 反对 Voi。他们为构造进化忍受证据的很多线东方在在不同构造舞台的不同外壳的层次西藏。争吵仍然沿着 ASRR 在有变态的变丑结构,微观结构和他们的关系上存在。在这,纸详细说明了微结构和 EBSD (电子 Backscattered 衍射) 从沿着 ASRR 的不同山岳的一些高度砍的花岗石的岩石的织物分析被进行。高温度结构和微观结构在 unsheared 片麻岩被保存,在微弱地砍的捕虏体或在高度砍的岩石(糜棱岩) 的一些部分。高温度石英 c 轴织物的几种类型显示出对称的模式或转变从对不均匀的模式对称。前者在在印第安人欧亚的构造相互作用的一个早阶段的地区性的弄短期间被归因于同轴的变丑,后者与从同轴的压缩的转变有关到在让侧面的 post-collisional ASRR 期间砍的 noncoaxial 砍。 | LIU Junlai TANG Yuan XIA Haoran GUO Qiang TRAN My Dung CAO Shuyun WU Hujun WU Wenbin ZHANG Zhaochong ZHAO Zhidan | 2010 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2010，84，6： | 12 |
| 10 | Formation and timing of the extensional ductile shear zones in Yiwulü Mountain area,Western Liaoning Province,North China显示文摘The NNE-trending ductile shear zones in Yiwulü Mountain area were formed in relation to two successive extensional events.The Yiwulü High Temperature Extensional Ductile Shear Zone and the Waziyu Low Temperature Extensional Ductile Shear Zone were related to ductile deformation at higher temperatures and brittle-ductile deformation at lower temperatures,respectively.Both deformations were accompanied by large scale volcanic eruptions and magmatic intrusions.Based on structural analysis of macroscopic and microscopic deformations,and quartz lattice preferred orientations,we show that the early Yiwulü High Temperature Extensional Ductile Shear Zone was resulted from a NE-SW extension at amphibolite facies in the middle crust,whereas the Waziyu Low Temperature Extensional Ductile Shear Zone was due mainly to a NWW-SEE extension at greenschist facies in the upper crust.The SHRIMP zircon age of a syn-tectonic granitic dike emplaced at the late stage of high temperature extension is 155±2 Ma,indicating that the early extensional event took place in the Middle-Late Jurassic.40Ar-39Ar age of muscovite from tectonic schists in the low temperature extensional ductile shear zone is 131.6±1.0 Ma,suggesting that the late extension occurred in the Early Cretaceous.Subsequent overall uplifting succeeded the late extension.The new discovery of the Middle-Late Jurassic NNE-trending extensional ductile shear zone provides evidence constraining the switch of tectonic regimes and Middle Jurassic thinning of lithosphere in the eastern North China Craton. | LI Gang LIU ZhengHong LIU JunLai LI YongFei XU ZhongYuan DONG XiaoJie | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，5： | 11 |
| 11 | Regional Metallogenesis of the Chang'an Gold Ore Deposit in Western Yunnan:Evidences from Fluid Inclusions and Stable Isotopes显示文摘在西方的云南的 Chang'an 金矿石存款在 Ailaoshan metallogenic 带的南部的片断被定位。矿石身体在折断的奥陶纪沉积碎屑状的岩石中被保存。金忍受的矿物质在硫化物石英静脉主导地发生。液体包括分析证明 Chang'an 金矿石沉积物被 epithermal 金牌矿化作用在在 200 湵 ? 之间的温度描绘 ? 华琭敲摮湩 ?慦汵 吗? | CHEN Yue LIU Junlai TRAN My Dung LI Yongchao BING Mingming | 2010 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2010，84，6： | 10 |
| 12 | New Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of the Post-kinematic Granitic Plutons in the Diancang Shan Metamorphic Massif along the Ailao Shan-Red River Shear Zone and Its Geological Implications显示文摘Ailao 掸人红河差错地区是在到东北和印度支那块的 Yangtze 块之间的边界到西南。它由于它在印度支那块的向东南的挤出的角色是一个重要构造地区在期间并且对印第安人欧亚的碰撞随后。Diancang 掸人(DCS ) 高级变形建筑群,沿着 Ailao 掸人红河(ASRR ) 在西北延期定位了砍地区,是 ASRR 构造的带的代表性的变形建筑群。结构并且在高级变形岩石中的砍的岩石的微结构分析表明他们是协调的与固态高温度的可锻的变丑,它被归因于沿着 ASRR 的左侧面的砍砍地区。新 LA-ICP-MS 锆石 U-Pb geochronological 和微结构 kinematic 以后学习花岗石的 plutons 在结束上提供直接时间限制在 ASRR 的可锻的左侧面的砍和变形山岳的发掘砍地区。这被建议沿着 ASRR 的左侧面的砍砍在 ca 结束的地区。以相对降低温度或减少的温度条件的 21 妈。在期间或在在 ca 的年轻的堤的炮兵阵地以后。21 妈,快速的易碎的变丑事件发生了,它让 DCS 山岳开始快 uplift/exhumation 并且冷却到浅外壳的水平。 | CAO Shuyun LIU Junlai Bemd LEISS ZHAO Chunqiang | 2010 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2010，84，6： | 9 |
| 13 | The Liaonan Metamorphic Core Complex: Constitution, Structure and Evolution显示文摘Liaonan 变形核心建筑群(mcc ) 有三层的结构并且被五部分组成,即在更低的板中的一个滑脱断层地区,在断层带上面的本土的上面的板和 ansupradetachment 盆,和高度变形的岩石和侵入岩。属曾被地壳动力搬的上面的板主要具有微弱地在 pre-Indosinan 舞台使变形并且变形的 Neoproterozoic 和古生代的岩石。在这些岩石上面是沉积的白垩纪和火山岩的 small-scalesupradetachment 盆。更低的板被太古代的 TTG 片麻岩与在上的次要的数量统治外壳的岩石。太古代的岩石被迟了的中生代 synkinematic monzogranitic 和花岗石的 plutons 侵入。差错岩石的不同类型,提供线索给滑脱断层地区的进化,在断层带是保存得很好的, e.g.mylonitic 片麻岩,糜棱岩,角砾岩晒糜棱岩,微角砾岩和 pseudotachylites。在更低的板中的线条花岗石的侵入有一致取向沿着主要滑脱断层地区显示一致 top-to-NWshearing。这也在更低的板中为花岗石的 plutons 的 synkinematiccharacteristics 提供证据。mcc 的那发掘由于外壳的块旋转并且正切的砍以地区性的外壳的扩展开始了的在 mcc 并且从从滑脱断层地区的岩石建议的更低的板和 mylonitic 的深成岩的同位素的标明日期的不同部分的结构的分析。延期触发了岩浆形成,在 welling 和炮兵阵地上面。以 pseudotachylite 和差错计量器的外观结束的这个事件形成了在最高外壳的水平。在更低的板中从花岗石的岩石单个锆石谷物标明日期的 U-Pb 给 130 + 的年龄 - 从主要滑脱断层地区的 5 妈,和 blotite 谷物有 Ar-^(39 ) Ar 108-119 变老的 ^(40 ) 妈。几个方面可以为 Liaonan mcc 的发掘提供限制。这些包括地区性的扩展一!设置,封面 / 地下室接触,时间、空间扩展和岩浆酌联合,盆开发和差错 tectonitesalong 的进化滑脱断层地区。我们建议 Liaonan mcc 的发掘源于地区性的扩展,高举并且在东方诺思中国,和花岗石的 plutons 的伴随的 withsynkieematic 侵入外壳或岩石圈变瘦,滑脱断层地区的形成并且降低板的岩石的发掘,和在上分开的外观盆。 | LIU Junlai GUAN Huimei JI Mo CAO Shuyun HU Ling | 2006 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2006，80，4： | 8 |
| 14 | Grain-size reduction of feldspar and flow of deformed granites within the Gaoligong shear zone, southwestern Yunnan, China显示文摘Mineral deformation and rock flow mechanism in the lithosphere are related to the rheological behavior and weakening mechanism of the continent. Natural deformation behaviors of feldspars are not well understood due to the complexity of their mineral compositions, crystal structures, as well as changing deformation conditions. The refined microstructure,fabric and composition of major minerals in the deformed granitic rocks within the Gaoligong shear zone(GLGSZ), southwestern Yunnan, China, were studied. With increasing mylonitization, two fabric types of end-members have been distinguished(type-I banded granitic mylonite and type-II banded ultramylonite). The two types of deformed granitic rocks have the same mineral assemblage, but different mineral modes. The type-I banded granitic mylonite has a greater proportion of K-feldspar(mostly present as porphyroclasts)>plagioclase>quartz±biotite, however, the type-II banded ultramylonite has a greater proportion of fine-grained plagioclase>K-feldspar>quartz±biotite. The crystallographic preferred orientation(CPO) patterns of quartz combined with two-feldspar geothermometer, confirm that the quartz grains in the type-I and type-II granitic rock have undergone high-temperature dislocation creep deformation. The K-feldspar grains in the matrix of type-II banded ultramylonite show a dominant(100)[010] slip system with dislocation creep recrystallization, while the fine-grained plagioclase grains present a weak CPO pattern with superplastic flow. The K-feldspar porphyroclasts show grain-size reduction associated with mineral composition and fabric transformation. The myrmekite formation with the fine-grained neocrystallization of plagioclase and quartz significally replaced the K-feldspar porphyroclasts. Finally, the fine-grained neocrystallization plagioclases were formed further into the high strain localized ultramylonites with superplastic flow. | Yanlong DONG Shuyun CAO Xuemei CHENG Junlai LIU Hanchen CAO | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，9： | 6 |
| 15 | Early diagenetic growth of carbonate concretions in the upper Doushantuo Formation in South China and their significance for the assessment of hydrocarbon source rock显示文摘Mineralogical and textural characteristics and organic carbon composition of the carbonate concretions from the upper Doushantuo Formation (ca. 551 Ma) in the eastern Yangtze Gorge area reveal their early diagenetic (shallow) growth in organic-rich shale. High organic carbon content (up to 10%) and abundance of framboidal pyrites in the hosting shale suggest an anoxic or euxinic depositional environment. Well-preserved cardhouse clay fabrics in the concretions suggest their formation at 0-3 m burial depth, likely associated with microbial decomposition of organic matter and anaerobic oxidation of methane. Gases through decomposition of organic matter and/or from methanogenesis created bubbles and cavities, and anaerobic methane oxidation at the sulfate reduction zone resulted in carbonate precipitation, filling in bubbles and cavities to form spherical structures of the concretions. Rock pyrolysis analyses show that the carbonate concretions have lower total organic carbon (TOC) content but higher effective carbon than those in the host rocks. This may be caused by enclosed organic matter in pores of the concretions so that organic matter was protected from further modification during deep burial and maintained high hydrocarbon generating potential even in over-matured source rock. As a microbialite sensu latu, concretions have special growth conditions and may provide important information on the microbial activities in depositional and early burial environments. | DONG Jin ZHANG ShiHong JIANG GanQing ZHAO QingLe LI HaiYan SHI XiaoYing LIU JunLai | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，9： | 4 |
| 16 | Macro-and microscopic mechanical behaviour of flow of coal samples experimentally deformed at high temperatures and pressures显示文摘Coal samples from Qinshui Basin, Shanxi, China are experimentally deformed at temperatures and confining pressures of 200 - 500℃and 200 - 500 Mpa, strain rate of 0.5×10-5/s and total strain of 10%. The vitrinite reflectance of the coal samples varies from 3.04 to 1.79. It is shown that the strengths of the deformed samples change obviously with coeval increasing temperatures and pressures (T/P). At the experimental range of T/P, the effects of increasing temperature predominate over that of increasing pressure. Microstructural analysis indicates a brittle to ductile transition under experimental T/P conditions from 200 to 300℃, and 200 to 300Mpa. Brittle deformation microstruc-tures include macroscopic fracture zones and penetrative fracture associations. Elongation, undulose or irregular extinction, deformation lamellae and dynamic recrystallization of grains are the main ductile deformation microstructures. The variation of deformation mechanisms of the experimentally deformed coal samples is related to both the components of coals and T/P conditions. At low T/P, fractures occur in both inertinite and vitrinite of the samples. At higher T/P, crystalline plastic deformations are observed in the inertinite only. | LIU Junlai , YANG Guang & MA Rui State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China Key Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，S1： | 4 |
| 17 | Metamorphic, deformation, fluids and geological significance of low-temperature retrograde mylonites of Diancangshan metamorphic massif along Ailaoshan-Red River strike-slip fault zone, Yunnan, China显示文摘Diancangshan metamorphic massif is one of the four metamorphic massifs developed along the Ailaoshan-Red River strike-slip fault zone, Yunnan, China. It has experienced multi-stage metamorphism and deformation, especially since the late Oligocene it widely suffered high-temperature ductile shear deformation and exhumation of the metamorphic rocks from the deep crust to the shallow surface. Based on the previous research and geological field work, this paper presents a detailed study on deformation and metamorphism, and exhumation of deep metamorphic rocks within the Diancangshan metamorphic massif,especially focusing on the low-temperature overprinted retrogression metamorphism and deformation of mylonitic rocks. With the combinated experimental techniques of optical microscope, electron backscatter diffraction attachmented on field-emission scanning electron microscopy and cathodoluminescence, our contribution reports the microstructure, lattice preferred orientations of the deformed minerals, and the changes of mineral composition phases of the superposition low-temperature retrograde mylonites. All these results indicate that:(1) Diancangshan deep metamorphic rock has experienced early high-temperature leftlateral shear deformation and late extension with rapid exhumation, the low-temperature retrogression metamorphism and deformation overprinted the high-temperature metamorphism, and the high-temperature microstructure and texture are in part or entirely altered by subsequent low-temperature shearing;(2) the superposition of low-temperature deformation-metamorphism occurs at the ductile-brittle transition; and(3) the fluid is quite active during the syn-tectonic shearing overprinted lowtemperature deformation and metamorphism. The dynamic recrystallization and/or fractures to micro-fractures result in the strongly fine-grained of the main minerals, and present strain localization in micro-domians, such as micro-shear zones in the mylonites. It is often accompanied by the decrease of rock strength and finally influences the rheology of the whole rock during further deformation and exhumation of the Diancangshan massif. | Xuemei CHENG Shuyun CAO Junyu LI Zunpu YU Yanlong DONG Meixia LV Junlai LIU | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，8： | 4 |
| 18 | Genesis of continental seismogenic zone and a new fault zone model显示文摘Experiments were conducted repeatedly on Mannari granite under different temperature and confining pressure conditions. Systematic micro- and submicro-structural and mechanical analyses of granite samples deformed under 1.5 GPa (confining pressure), at 25 ℃-650 ℃ temperatures and at 2×10-6s-1 strain rate show the brittle-ductile deformation microstructures and microstructural associations similar to those observed in naturally deformed crustal rocks and minerals. Brittle fracturing and crystalline plasticity co-exist and react with each other in the brittle-ductile transition domain of the continental lithosphere. The interaction between the different mechanisms in the transitional domain results in the variation of anomalous strength values, which may best explain the genesis of the continental seismogenic zone. A new fault zone model is proposed on the basis of detailed micromechanical and microstructural analyses. | LIU Junlai & M. Shimada1. Department of Earth Sciences, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130026, China 2. RCEP, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Liu Junlai i | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，20： | 4 |
| 19 | The characteristics of the structure, strain and kinematic vorticity of the Wulian detachment fault zone, Shandong Peninsula, China显示文摘As one of the vital tectonic units of the Wulian Metamorphic Core Complex(MCC), the Wulian detachment fault zone(WDFZ), which developed in the Jiaodong peninsula, separates the lower plate of the ultrahigh pressure(UHP) metamorphic rocks in the Sulu orogenic belt from the upper plate of the early Cretaceous Zhucheng basin and the basin basement. The fault zone generally strikes NNE with a dip in the west along the southern portion of the MCC and strikes NE with a dip in the WNWalong the northern portion. The fault zone displays a wavy-tile-shaped extension on the plane, principally composed of the fault breccias and mylonite and transits downward to the mylonitic gneiss. As a whole, the detachment fault zone shows a top-towest or a WNW extension. By calculating the harmonic mean, we obtain a Flynn index K of 0.98–2.0, and the mean value is approximately 1.35 in the fault zone. According to the polar Mohr construction, the extensional crenulation cleavage, the RS/θ,and the quartz C-axial fabric methods, we acquire mean kinematic vorticity values of 0.64–0.97, 0.76–0.93, 0.6–0.92, and 0.63–0.98 with mean values of 0.83, 0.80, 0.78 and 0.86, respectively, for mylonite and promylonite. The strain measurement results and the kinematic vorticity values indicate that the WDFZ is a normal ductile shear zone developed in the extensional setting.The kinematic track shows that the kinematic vorticity value decreases gradually from the NW to the SE as a whole. A simple shear dominates in the middle and upper parts of the shear zone, which is reflected by a higher vorticity value(>0.75, up to 0.98),a low thinning rate and a lower K value. In contrast, toward the footwall, the pure shear is increased significantly, showing a lower vorticity value(<0.70, low to 0.64), a relatively high thinning rate and a higher K value. Combined with the geotectonic background, the development and evolution of the WDFZ should respond to lithospheric thinning and the destruction of the North China Craton(NCC). As a result, the WDFZ can be defined as a thinning normal shear zone developed in the extension tectonic setting and the combined result of the simple shear caused by the crust extension and pure shear led by the rapid uplift of the footwall and magmatic upwelling. | Jinlong NI Junlai LIU Yujie SUN Xiaoxiao SHI Shen LI | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，9： | 4 |
| 20 | Uprising period and elevation of the Wenyu granitic pluton in the Xiaoqinling District, Central China显示文摘Xiaoqinling District is an important gold-producing area in China.It ranks second to Jiaodong with regard to gold deposits.The uprising period of the Wenyu granitic pluton and the wall-rocks of the deposit,as well as the mineralizing depth and reserved place of gold ore bodies,are significant to ore exploration.Fission-track(FT)analysis of zircons and apatites of granitic rocks from the Wenyu granitic pluton shows that apatite FT(AFT)data modeling indicates a rapid cooling rate of 20°C/Ma from 138 to120 Ma after emplacement at 138 Ma.Thermal evolution and inversion curves suggest a secondary phase of fast cooling and uprising from 45 to 35 Ma,and 35 Ma,respectively,with a cooling rate of 6.7°C/Ma and a denudation quantity of^4.3 km.The last cooling phase took place from<4 Ma,with an average cooling rate of^11.3°C/Ma and a denudation amount of 1.3 km.Total exhumation quantity of 5.6 km and uprising elevation of 7.3 km are similar to the estimated results of fluid inclusions from the Dongtongyu and Wenyu gold deposits.The39Ar/40Ar dating of sericite from the fault planes of the Xunmadao-Xiaohe and Taiyao faults demonstrate two uprising activities of the ore-host metamorphic complex.The Huashan and Wenyu granitic plutons intensively occurred during 77 and 45 Ma,respectively.These data sets are valuable for understanding the uplifting process and for preserving gold ore bodies in the Xiaoqinling area,as well as for further studies on tectonic evolutions of the Taihua Complex and the Qinling-Dabie Orogen. | YU XinQi LIU JunLai ZHANG DeHui ZHENG Yong LI ChunLin CHEN ShuaiQi LI Tan | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，35： | 3 |
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