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| 1 | Carbon pools and fluxes in the China Seas and adjacent oceans显示文摘The China Seas include the South China Sea, East China Sea, Yellow Sea, and Bohai Sea. Located off the Northwestern Pacific margin, covering 4700000 km^2 from tropical to northern temperate zones, and including a variety of continental margins/basins and depths, the China Seas provide typical cases for carbon budget studies. The South China Sea being a deep basin and part of the Western Pacific Warm Pool is characterized by oceanic features; the East China Sea with a wide continental shelf, enormous terrestrial discharges and open margins to the West Pacific, is featured by strong cross-shelf materials transport; the Yellow Sea is featured by the confluence of cold and warm waters; and the Bohai Sea is a shallow semiclosed gulf with strong impacts of human activities. Three large rivers, the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Pearl River, flow into the East China Sea, the Bohai Sea, and the South China Sea, respectively. The Kuroshio Current at the outer margin of the Chinese continental shelf is one of the two major western boundary currents of the world oceans and its strength and position directly affect the regional climate of China. These characteristics make the China Seas a typical case of marginal seas to study carbon storage and fluxes. This paper systematically analyzes the literature data on the carbon pools and fluxes of the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea, including different interfaces(land-sea, sea-air, sediment-water, and marginal sea-open ocean) and different ecosystems(mangroves, wetland, seagrass beds, macroalgae mariculture, coral reefs, euphotic zones, and water column). Among the four seas, the Bohai Sea and South China Sea are acting as CO_2 sources, releasing about0.22 and 13.86–33.60 Tg C yr^(-1) into the atmosphere, respectively, whereas the Yellow Sea and East China Sea are acting as carbon sinks, absorbing about 1.15 and 6.92–23.30 Tg C yr^(-1) of atmospheric CO_2, respectively. Overall, if only the CO_2 exchange at the sea-air interface is considered, the Chinese marginal seas appear to be a source of atmospheric CO_2, with a net release of 6.01–9.33 Tg C yr^(-1), mainly from the inputs of rivers and adjacent oceans. The riverine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) input into the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 5.04, 14.60, and 40.14 Tg C yr^(-1),respectively. The DIC input from adjacent oceans is as high as 144.81 Tg C yr^(-1), significantly exceeding the carbon released from the seas to the atmosphere. In terms of output, the depositional fluxes of organic carbon in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 2.00, 3.60, 7.40, and 5.92 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The fluxes of organic carbon from the East China Sea and South China Sea to the adjacent oceans are 15.25–36.70 and 43.93 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The annual carbon storage of mangroves, wetlands, and seagrass in Chinese coastal waters is 0.36–1.75 Tg C yr^(-1), with a dissolved organic carbon(DOC) output from seagrass beds of up to 0.59 Tg C yr^(-1). Removable organic carbon flux by Chinese macroalgae mariculture account for 0.68 Tg C yr^(-1) and the associated POC depositional and DOC releasing fluxes are 0.14 and 0.82 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. Thus, in total, the annual output of organic carbon, which is mainly DOC, in the China Seas is 81.72–104.56 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the East China Sea to the adjacent oceans is 15.00–35.00 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the South China Sea is 31.39 Tg C yr^(-1). Although the marginal China Seas seem to be a source of atmospheric CO_2 based on the CO_2 flux at the sea-air interface, the combined effects of the riverine input in the area, oceanic input, depositional export,and microbial carbon pump(DOC conversion and output) indicate that the China Seas represent an important carbon storage area. | Nianzhi JIAO Yantao LIANG Yongyu ZHANG Jihua LIU Yao ZHANG Rui ZHANG Meixun ZHAO Minhan DAI Weidong ZHAI Kunshan GAO Jinming SONG Dongliang YUAN Chao LI Guanghui LIN Xiaoping HUANG Hongqiang YAN Limin HU Zenghu ZHANG Long WANG Chunjie CAO Yawei LUO Tingwei LUO Nannan WANG Hongyue DANG Dongxiao WANG Si ZHANG | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，11： | 12 |
| 2 | Welding Polarity Effects on Weld Spatters and Bead Geometry of Hyperbaric Dry GMAW显示文摘Welding polarity has influence on welding stability to some extent, but the specific relationship between welding polarity and weld quality has not been found, especially under the hyperbaric environment. Based on a hyperbaric dry welding experiment system, gas metal arc welding(GMAW) experiments with direct current electrode positive(DCEP) and direct current electrode negative(DCEN) operations are carried out under the ambient pressures of 0.1 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.7 MPa and 1.0 MPa to find the influence rule of different welding polarities on welding spatters and weld bead geometry. The effects of welding polarities on the weld bead geometry such as the reinforcement, the weld width and the penetration are discussed. The experimental results show that the welding spatters gradually grow in quantity and size for GMAW with DCEP, while GMAW with DCEN can produce fewer spatters comparatively with the increase of the ambient pressure. Compared with DCEP, the welding current and arc voltage waveforms for DCEN is more stable and the distribution of welding current probability density for DCEN is more concentrated under the hyperbaric environment. When the ambient pressure is increased from 0.1 MPa to 1.0 MPa, the effects of welding polarities on the reinforcement, the weld width and the penetration are as follows: an increase of 0.8 mm for the weld reinforcement is produced by GMAW with DCEN and 1.3 mm by GMAW with DCEP, a decrease of 7.2 mm for the weld width is produced by DCEN and 6.1 mm by DCEP; and an increase of 3.9 mm for the penetration is produced by DCEN and 1.9 mm by DCEP. The proposed research indicates that the desirable stability in the welding procedure can be achieved by GMAW with DCEN operation under the hyperbaric environment. | XUE Long WU Jinming HUANG Junfen HUANG Jiqiang ZOU Yong LIU Jian | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2016，29，2： | 9 |
| 3 | Electrochemical migration behavior of Ag-plated Cu-filled electrically conductive adhesives显示文摘The electrochemical migration (ECM) behavior of the electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) filled with pure Ag powder or Ag-plated Cu composite powder with varied Ag:Cu ratios was investigated under the condition of applying constant voltage and distilled water environment.ECM resistance was determined from the current-time curves.The microstructure and composition of ECM dendrite products were analyzed by SEM/EDS and XRD.It was found that the ECM resistance of Ag-plated Cu composite powder-filled ECAs was evidently higher than that of pure Ag powder-filled ECAs.The Ag:Cu ratio of composite powder in ECAs had notable influence on ECM resistance,which was enhanced with the decrease of Ag:Cu ratios.The composition of dendrites formed between cathode and anode during ECM process was not uniform for Ag-plated Cu-filled ECAs.An ECM inhibiting mechanism of Ag-plated Cu composite powder was proposed according to analysis of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,Tafel plot and dendrite composition. | Zhu, Xiaoyun Liu, Yuanlong Long, Jinming Liu, Xiaoli | 2012 | Rare Metals2012，31，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Electrochemical study of the additive - effect on Sn electrodeposition in a methansulfonate acid electrolyte 显示文摘 | JinMing Long Zhu Zhang ZhongCheng Guo | 2012 | Advanced Materials Research2012，，460： | 1 |
| 5 | Additive- effects on the morphological and structural characteristics of matt tin electrode- posits from a methansulfonate acid bath 显示文摘 | JinMing Long Zhu Zhang ZhongCheng Guo | 2012 | Advanced Materials Research2012，，460： | 1 |
| 6 | Failure analysis of the impeller of a slurry pump subjected to corrosive wear 显示文摘 | Long Jinming Tao Ziyun Fan Aiming | 1995 | Wear1995，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Failure analysis of the impeller of a slurry pump subjected to corrosive wear 显示文摘 | FAN Aiming LONG Jinming TAO Ziyun | 1995 | Wear1995，，181183： | 1 |
| 8 | An investigation of the corrosive wear of stainless steels in aqueous slurries 显示文摘 | Fan Aiming Long Jinming Tao Ziyun | 1996 | Wear1996，193，： | 1 |
| 9 | Failure analysis of the impeller of a slurry pump subjected to corrosive wear显示文摘 | FAN Aiming Long Jinming Tao Ziyun | 1995 | Wear1995，，181183： | 1 |
| 10 | Computer Simulation on Temperature Rise in Process of Wire Drawing显示文摘In high speed wire drawing, the temperature rise is produced by the generation heat from plastic deformation of metal material and friction between wire and tool, which greatly influences the lubrication situation and mechanical properties. During high drawing, the phenomenon that wire is embrittled and die is stuck can be formed by the notable temperature rise. In this paper, based on theory of plastic deformation work , considering friction heat generation and variable physical coefficients, the mathematical model of temperature rise of high speed drawing is established and the computer program to analogy the whole process of drawing is compiled. Also the process of wire drawing on a few of alloys are calculated theoretically. Compared the calculation value with measurement, the result shows that the theoretical value coincides with experimental data. | Jiatao zhang, jialin Sun, Jinming Long, Shuixing Tang Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming , 650093, China | 2000 | Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)2000，5，1： | 0 |
| 11 | Investigation on the short-term outcome and prognostic impact of predisposition,and precipitants in inpatients with chronic liver disease from Chinese AcuTe on CHronic LIver FailurE(CATCH-LIFE)cohorts显示文摘Aim:The study aimed to investigate the short-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease(CLDs)and assess the prognostic impact of predisposition and precipitants,which currently remains unclear.Methods:The study included 3970 hospitalized patients with CLDs from two prospective longitudinal multicenter studies(NCT02457637 and NCT03641872)conducted in highly endemic hepatitis B virus(HBV)areas.Competing risk analysis was used to evaluate the effect of predispositions,including the etiology and severity of CLDs and precipitants;on sequential 28,90,and 365-day liver transplantation(LT)-free mortality.Results:Among all enrolled patients,76.8%of adverse outcomes(including death and LT)within one year occurred within 90 days.Compared with alcoholic etiology,the association of HBV etiology with poorer outcomes was remarkably on the 28th day(hazard ratio[HR],1.81;95%confidence interval[CI],1.07-3.06;p=0.026);however,and dimin-ished or became insignificant at 90 days and 365 days.Cirrhosis increased the adjusted risk for 365-day(HR,1.50;CI,1.13-1.99;p=0.004)LT-free mortality when compared with noncirrhosis.In patients with cirrhosis,prior decompensation(PD)independently increased the adjusted risk of 365-day LT-free mortality by 1.25-fold(p=0.021);however,it did not increase the risk for 90-day mortality.Neither the category nor the number of precipitants influenced the adjusted risk of 28 or 90-day LT-free mortality.Conclusions:The 90-day outcome should be considered a significant endpoint for evaluating the short-term prognosis of hospitalized patients with CLD.Predisposing factors,other than etiology,mainly affected the delayed(365-day)outcome.Timely effective therapy for CLD etiology,especially antiviral treatments for HBV,and post-discharge long-term surveillance monitoring in cirrhotic patients undergoing PD are suggested to enhance disease management and reduce mortality. | Yan Zhang Wenting Tan Xiaobo Wang Xin Zheng Yan Huang Beiling Li Zhongji Meng Yanhang Gao Zhiping Qian Feng Liu Xiaobo Lu Jia Shang Yubao Zheng Weituo Zhang Shan Yin Wenyi Gu Tongyu Wang Jianyi Wei Zixuan Shen Guohong Deng Yi Zhou Yixin Hou Qun Zhang Shue Xiong Jing Liu Liyuan Long Ruochan Chen Jinjun Chen Xiuhua Jiang Sen Luo Yuanyuan Chen Chang Jiang Jinming Zhao Liujuan Ji Xue Mei Jing Li Tao Li Rongjiong Zheng Xinyi Zhou Haotang Ren Yu Shi Hai Li for the CATCH‐LIFE Study Investigators of Chinese(Acute‐on)Chronic Liver Failure(CLIF)Consortium(Ch‐CLIFC) | 2023 | Portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis2023，2，3： | 0 |
| 12 | Improved projection-based energy weighting for spectral CT显示文摘Purpose Conventional X-ray CT scanners have limited ability to distinguish low-contrast substances.However,spectral CTs with photon counting detectors can identify photon energy and utilize spectral information,which is expected to achieve improved contrast.Energy weighting is a kind of reconstruction method for spectral CT.By assigning appropriate weight for each energy channel,the image contrast can be improved.Hence,how to determine the optimal weights is very important.Methods In this paper,we developed an improved projection-based energy weighting model for spectral CT.In this model,the object thickness of low-density materials is assumed as a constant,and the measured spectrum distribution is used to calculate the weight coefficients.Both phantom and tissue experiments were conducted in spectral CT scanner.Results The results showed that the thickness of low-density materials has little influence on the energy weight,so it can be regarded as a constant.For low-contrast phantom,the contrast-to-noise ratio was improved~32%by the proposed projectionbased weighting method.Conclusions The improved projection-based energy weighting model is effective in practice.It can increase the contrast of low-density materials. | Zhiwei Cheng Mohan Li Qiong Xu Zhidu Zhang Jinming Hu Cunfeng Wei Long Wei Zhe Wang | 2019 | Radiation Detection Technology and Methods2019，3，3： | 0 |
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