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| 1 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 2 | 火灾高温下硬化水泥浆的化学分解特征显示文摘因高性能混凝土的抗火性与高温下硬化水泥浆(HCP)的化学分解有密切关系,为获得对火灾高温所致HCP化学分解特征的定量理解,对HCP试样进行了400~800℃的高温处理,采用XRD测定C-S—H化学分解动力学.结果表明,C—S—H分解始于560℃,但仅在600℃以上其分解才变得显著,且分解速度随温度升高而急剧增大.尽管C—S—H的分解可造成混凝土强度的显著下降,但这种分解主要发生在600℃以上温度范围内,故对更低温度下发生的高温爆裂基本没有影响.分别建立了在600、700和800℃温度下C—S—H分解反应动力学方程. | 朋改非 王金羽 CHAN Y N Sammy Anson Michael | 2009 | 南京信息工程大学学报(自然科学版)2009，1，1： | 9 |
| 3 | 中国成人糖尿病、血糖与结直肠癌发病率:针对50万人的前瞻性研究显示文摘背景糖尿病可致结直肠癌(CRC)的发病风险升高。糖尿病病程和非糖尿病患者的血糖与CRC发病风险之间的相关性仍不清楚。方法2004至2008年前瞻性中国Kadoofe Biobank研究从10个不同地区纳入了512 713名受试者。在10年随访期间,在基线无癌症史的510 136名受试者中共记录有3 024例新发CRC病例(1 745例结肠癌,1 716例直肠癌)。应用Cox回归分析对糖尿病(入组前诊断或筛查发现的)或无糖尿病病史者随机血糖(RPG)水平与CRC发病相关性的校正风险比(HR)进行估计。结果基线时,共有5.8%的受试者患有糖尿病。糖尿病患者发生CRC的校正HR为1.18(95%可信区间1.04~1.33),且发生结肠癌与直肠癌的风险相当[1.19(1.01~1.39)比1.14(0.96~1135)]。这些患者发生CRC的HR随糖尿病病程的延长而下降(趋势P值为0.03)。在入组前无糖尿病的受试者中,其RPG水平与CRC发病呈正相关,基线RPG每升高1 mmol/L其发生CRC的校正HR为1.04(1.02~1.05),且发生结肠癌与直肠癌的风险亦相当[1.03(1.01~1.05)比1.04(1.02~1.06)]。在男性中,糖尿病和RPG与CRC发病风险的相关性高于女性,但其差异无统计学意义(异质性检验的P值分别为0.3和0.2)。讨论在中国成年人中,未诊断糖尿病者其糖尿病和升高的血糖水平与CRC发病风险升高相关。 | Yuanjie Pang Christiana Kartsonak yu Guo Yiping Chen Ling Yang Zheng Bian Fiona Bragg Iona Y Millwood Leijia Shen Songgen Zhou Jiben Liu Junshi Chen Liming Li Michael V Holmes Zhengming Ghen 霍永丰(译) | 2019 | 英国医学杂志中文版2019，22，1： | 6 |
| 4 | Roles of HIV-1 auxiliary proteins in viral pathogenesis and host-pathogen interactions显示文摘Active host-pathogen interactions take place during infection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Outcomes of these interactions determine the efficiency of viral infection and subsequent disease progression. HIV- infected cells respond to viral invasion with various defensive strategies such as innate, cellular and humoral immune antiviral mechanisms. On the other hand, the virus has also developed various offensive tactics to suppress these host cellular responses. Among many of the viral offensive strategies, HIV-1 viral auxiliary proteins (Tat, Rev, Nef, Vif, Vpr and Vpu) play important roles in the host-pathogen interaction and thus have significant impacts on the outcome of HIV infection. One of the best examples is the interaction of Vif with a host cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G. Although specific roles of other auxiliary proteins are not as well described as Vif-APOBEC3G interaction, it is the goal of this brief review to summarize some of the preliminary findings with the hope to stimulate further discussion and investiga- tion in this exhilarating area of research. | Lin LI Hai Shan LI C. David PAUZA Michael BUKRINSKY Richard Y ZHAO | 2005 | Cell Research2005，15，11： | 5 |
| 5 | Economic impact of minimally invasive lumbar surgery显示文摘Cost effectiveness has been demonstrated for traditional lumbar discectomy, lumbar laminectomy as well as for instrumented and noninstrumented arthrodesis. While emerging evidence suggests that minimally invasive spine surgery reduces morbidity, duration of hospitalization, and accelerates return to activites of daily living, data regarding cost effectiveness of these novel techniques is limited. The current study analyzes all available data on minimally invasive techniques for lumbar discectomy, decompression, short-segment fusion and deformity surgery. In general, minimallyinvasive spine procedures appear to hold promise in quicker patient recovery times and earlier return to work. Thus, minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery appears to have the potential to be a cost-effective intervention. Moreover, novel less invasive procedures are less destabilizing and may therefore be utilized in certain indications that traditionally required arthrodesis procedures. However, there is a lack of studies analyzing the economic impact of minimally invasive spine surgery. Future studies are necessary to confirm the durability and further define indications for minimally invasive lumbar spine procedures. | Christoph P Hofstetter Anna S Hofer Michael Y Wang | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，2： | 4 |
| 6 | 染料敏化分解水制氢技术进展显示文摘介绍了染料敏化分解水制氢的基本原理。综述了染料分子的选取,使用氧化还原调节剂的机理和研究进展。指出染料分子对光谱的吸收特性,激发态染料分子能级与半导体导带的相对位置,染料分子与半导体的吸附情况,表面键合强度直接影响对光子的吸收,电子的注入,从而影响产氢量。此外,I-/I3-作为氧化还原调节剂可有效还原染料分子,实现持续产氢。最后提出了染料敏化分解水制氢的间歇式反应器结构,以及通过选择用于敏化的半导体来提高产氢率的思路。 | 倪萌 LEUNG MICHAEL K H LEUNG DENNIS Y C | 2006 | 电源技术2006，30，10： | 3 |
| 7 | Analysis of a Successful Immune Response against Hepatitis C Virus显示文摘 | Stewart Cooper Ann L Erickson Erin J Adams Joe Kansopon Amy J Weiner David Y Chien Michael Houghton Peter Parham Christopher M Walker | 1999 | Immunity1999，，4： | 3 |
| 8 | Poststroke seizure:optimising its management显示文摘Seizure after stroke or poststroke seizure (PSS) is a common and very important complication of stroke. It can be divided into early seizure and late seizure, depending on seizure onset time after the stroke. It has been reported that ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke accounts for about 11% of all adult epilepsy cases and 45% of epilepsy cases over 60 years of age. However, there are no reliable guidelines in clinical practice regarding most of the fundamental issues of PSS management. In recent years there has been an increased interest in the study of PSS which may give clinical practitioners a better picture of how to optimise PSS management. Studies have indicated two peaks in PSS occurrence-the first day and 6-12 months after a stroke. Haemorrhagic stroke, cortical involvement, severity of initial neurological deficit, younger patients (<65 years of age), family history of seizures and certain genetic factors carry a higher risk of PSS. The use of continuous electroencephalogram has demonstrated significant benefits in capturing interictal or ictal abnormalities, especially in cases of non-convulsive seizures and non-convulsive status epilepticus. Current available data indicated that there was no significant difference in antiepileptic efficacy among most of the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in PSS. Levetiracetam and lamotrigine are the most studied newer generation AEDs and have the best drug tolerance. The purpose of this review is to summarise the recent advances in PSS research and focus on the most important practice issues of PSS management. | Michael Y Xu | 2019 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2019，4，1： | 3 |
| 9 | 半边旗活性物质5F对非小细胞肺癌NCI-H460细胞IκKβ、IκB、p65及p50 mRNA表达的影响显示文摘目的从NF-κB信号通路着手探讨半边旗活性物质5F诱导非小细胞肺癌NCI-H460细胞凋亡发生的机制。方法MTT法检测5F对NCI-H460细胞的生长抑制作用;用半定量RT-PCR方法检测NCI-H460细胞IκKβ、IκB、p65及p50mRNA表达水平的变化。结果5F抑制NCI-H460细胞的生长,其效果与5F的质量浓度和作用时间相关,24、48、72h的IC50分别为:21.40、4.52、1.02μg/mL;100μg/mL5F作用NCI-H460细胞6h后能引起IκKβ和IκBmRNA表达水平显著降低(P<0.05);p65和p50mRNA水平在作用3h就发生明显减少(P<0.05)。结论5F诱导NCI-H460细胞凋亡的机制可能是通过抑制核因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路来实现的。 | 刘义 CHEN George G 吕应年 HSIN Michael K Y UNDERWOOD Malcolm J 梁念慈 | 2010 | 中草药2010，41，3： | 3 |
| 10 | 大功率离子推力器和流动控制单元验证现状及其2000小时寿命试验(英文)显示文摘为了发展基于电推进的大功率空间运输系统,需要开发和验证功率达数十千瓦的电推进系统,深空任务电推进系统优化的比冲要求高达105s。凯尔迪什研究中心(KeRC)正在开发这样的电推进部件。本文概述了35kW离子推力器IT-500及其流动单元FCU-500的验证现状。作为其验证的一部分,完成了IT-500和FCU-500的2000h寿命试验。其中,离子推力器大部分验证条件是:输入功率17.8kW,使用了40kg氙,2018h寿命试验。本文介绍了磁场和离子光学以及石墨格栅开发现状。 | Alexander S Lovtsov Michael Y Selivanov Andrey N Kostin Andrey A Shagayda | 2020 | 推进技术2020，41，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Structure and function of cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase genes of maize, rice, Arabidopsis and other species显示文摘 | Thomas Schmülling Tomá? Werner Michael Riefler Eva Krupková Isabel Bartrina y Manns | 2003 | Journal of Plant Research2003，，3： | 2 |
| 12 | Degradation Mechanisms of Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers, Quantum Electronics显示文摘 | Michael C Y Robert W H Pierre M P | 1996 | IEEE Journal1996，32，： | 2 |
| 13 | Effect of closure of live poultry markets on poultry-to-person transmission of avian influenza A H7N9 virus: an ecological study显示文摘 | Hongjie Yu Joseph T Wu Benjamin J Cowling Qiaohong Liao Vicky J Fang Sheng Zhou Peng Wu Hang Zhou Eric H Y Lau Danhuai Guo Michael Y Ni Zhibin Peng Luzhao Feng Hui Jiang Huiming Luo Qun Li Zijian Feng Yu Wang Weizhong Yang Gabriel M Leung | 2013 | The Lancet2013，，： | 2 |
| 14 | Anti-hypertensive drugs in children and adolescents显示文摘Worldwide the prevalence of essential hypertension inchildren and adolescents continues to increase. Tradi-tionally providers have used 'off-label' drugs to treatpediatric hypertension, meaning that rigorous clinicaltrials of these drugs have not been specifically per-formed in pediatric patient populations. Consequentlyproviders have extrapolated dosing, safety and efficacyfrom trials in adults. This practice is sub-optimal as chil-dren demonstrate unique differences in drug metabo-lism and response. Use of unstudied or understudieddrugs increases risk of adverse events and/or can leadto sub-optimal efficacy. Recognizing these concerns,regulatory agencies have created financial incentivesfor industry to conduct pediatric clinical trials. Theseincentives, coupled with the emerging pediatric hyper-tension epidemic, have spurred over 30 clinical trialsof anti-hypertensive drugs over the past 15 years andhave resulted in labeling of 10 new drugs by the UnitedStates Food and Drug Administration for treatment ofhypertension in children and adolescents. Unfortunatelythe financial incentive structures focus on newer drugsand drug classes. Consequently there is now a relativedearth of trial data for older but sometimes commonlyprescribed pediatric antihypertensive drugs. This article reviews recent pediatric antihypertensive drug trials with a focus on trial design and endpoints, drug dosing, safety, efficacy and specific drug indications. We also review the available data and experience for some of the more commonly prescribed, but less well studied 'older' pediatric antihypertensive drugs. | Patricia Y Chu Michael J Campbell Stephen G Miller Kevin D Hill | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，5： | 2 |
| 15 | Strategies to tackle the challenges of external beam radiotherapy for liver tumors显示文摘Primary and metastatic liver cancer is an increasingly common and difficult to control disease entity.Radiation offers a non-invasive treatment alternative for these patients who often have few options and a poor prognosis.However,the anatomy and aggressiveness of liver cancer poses significant challenges such as accurate localization at simulation and treatment,management of motion and appropriate selection of dose regimen.This article aims to review the options available and provide information for the practical implementation and/or improvement of liver cancer radiation programs within the context of stereotactic body radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy guidelines.Specific patient inclusion and exclusion criteria are presented given the significant toxicity found in certain sub-populations treated with radiation.Indeed,certain sub-populations,such as those with tumor thrombosis or those with larger lesions treated with transarterial chemoembolization,have been shown to have significant improvements in outcome with the addition of radiation and merit special consideration.Implementing a liver radiation programrequires three primary challenges to be addressed:(1) immobilization and motion management;(2) localization;and(3) dose regimen and constraint selection.Strategies to deal with motion include simple internal target volume(ITV) expansions,non-gated ITV reduction strategies,breath hold methods,and surrogate marker methods to enable gating or tracking.Localization of the tumor and organs-at-risk are addressed using contrast infusion techniques to take advantage of different normal liver and cancer vascular anatomy,imaging modalities,and margin management.Finally,a dose response has been demonstrated and dose regimens appear to be converging.A more uniform approach to treatment in terms of technique,dose selection and patient selection will allow us to study liver radiation in larger and,hopefully,multicenter randomized studies. | Michael I Lock Jonathan Klein Hans T Chung Joseph M Herman Edward Y Kim William Small Nina A Mayr Simon S Lo | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，14： | 2 |
| 16 | A Time-Series Analysis of the Effect of Increased Copayments on the Prescription of Antidepressants, and Sedatives in Sweden from 1990 to 1999显示文摘 | Michael O Ralph C Ten'y H | 2003 | Clinical Therapeutics2003，25，4： | 1 |
| 17 | ATP-sensitive potassium channels in capillaries isolated from guinea-pig heart显示文摘 | Schnitzler Michael Mederos Y Derst Christian Daut Jurgen | 2000 | The journal of physiology2000，525，2： | 1 |
| 18 | An overview of hydrogen production from biomass显示文摘 | Meng Ni Dennis Y C Leung Michael K H Leung Sumathy K | 2006 | Fuel Processing Technology2006，，87： | 1 |
| 19 | Evalua- tion of the marine traffic congestion of north harbor in busan port显示文摘 | GI-TAE Y MICHAEL Roe SOAK S M | 2007 | Journal of Waterway Port Coast- al and Ocean Engineering2007，133，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Comment on ' Green Space, health inequality, and pregnancy'显示文摘 | Donovan G H Michael Y L Butry D T | 2012 | Environ Int2012，39，1： | 1 |
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