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| 1 | Adaptive optical focusing through perturbed scattering media with a dynamic mutation algorithm显示文摘Optical imaging through or inside scattering media, such as multimode fiber and biological tissues, has a significant impact in biomedicine yet is considered challenging due to the strong scattering nature of light. In the past decade, promising progress has been made in the field, largely benefiting from the invention of iterative optical wavefront shaping, with which deep-tissue high-resolution optical focusing and hence imaging becomes possible. Most of the reported iterative algorithms can overcome small perturbations on the noise level but fail to effectively adapt beyond the noise level, e.g., sudden strong perturbations. Reoptimizations are usually needed for significant decorrelation to the medium since these algorithms heavily rely on the optimization performance in the previous iterations. Such ineffectiveness is probably due to the absence of a metric that can gauge the deviation of the instant wavefront from the optimum compensation based on the concurrently measured optical focusing.In this study, a square rule of binary-amplitude modulation, directly relating the measured focusing performance with the error in the optimized wavefront, is theoretically proved and experimentally validated. With this simple rule, it is feasible to quantify how many pixels on the spatial light modulator incorrectly modulate the wavefront for the instant status of the medium or the whole system. As an example of application, we propose a novel algorithm, the dynamic mutation algorithm, which has high adaptability against perturbations by probing how far the optimization has gone toward the theoretically optimal performance. The diminished focus of scattered light can be effectively recovered when perturbations to the medium cause a significant drop in the focusing performance, which no existing algorithms can achieve due to their inherent strong dependence on previous optimizations. With further improvement, the square rule and the new algorithm may boost or inspire many applications, such as high-resolution optical imaging and stimulation, in instable or dynamic scattering environments. | HUANHAO LI CHI MAN WOO TIANTING ZHONG ZHIPENG YU YUNQI LUO YUANJIN ZHENG XIN YANG HUI HUI PUXIANG LAI | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，2： | 6 |
| 2 | Edge enhancement through scattering media enabled by optical wavefront shaping显示文摘Edge enhancement is a fundamental and important topic in imaging and image processing,as perception of edge is one of the keys to identify and comprehend the contents of an image.Edge enhancement can be performed in many ways,through hardware or computation.Existing methods,however,have been limited in free space or clear media for optical applications;in scattering media such as biological tissue,light is multiple scattered,and information is scrambled to a form of seemingly random speckles.Although desired,it is challenging to accom-plish edge enhancement in the presence of multiple scattering.In this work,we introduce an implementation of optical wavefront shaping to achieve efficient edge enhancement through scattering media by a two-step operation.The first step is to acquire a hologram after the scattering medium,where information of the edge region is accurately encoded,while that of the nonedge region is intentionally encoded with inadequate accuracy.The second step is to decode the edge information by time reversing the scattered light.The capability is demonstrated experimentally,and,further,the performance,as measured by the edge enhancement index(EI)and enhancement-to-noise ratio(ENR),can be controlled easily through tuning the beam ratio.EI and ENR can be reinforced by^8.5 and^263 folds,respectively.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first demonstration that edge information of a spatial pattern can be extracted through strong turbidity,which can potentially enrich the comprehension of actual images obtained from a complex environment. | ZIHAO LI ZHIPENG Yu HUI HUI HUANHAO LI TIANTING ZHONG HONGLIN LU PUXIANG LA | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，6： | 4 |
| 3 | Special issue “Photoacoustic imaging: microscopy, tomography, and their recent applications in biomedicine” in visual computation for industry, biomedicine, and art显示文摘Photoacoustic(PA)imaging is a promising non-invasive and non-ionizing biomedical imaging modality that emerged in recent years.The articles presented in this special issue describe some of newest progress in this field.We are extremely grateful to all contributing authors.The first part of the issue covers new laser source devel-opment,including fiber lasers and laser diodes.The sec-ond part is dedicated to improving the image resolution through chronic cranial window techniques,virtual-point concept,fast polygon scanning,and Fabry Perot sensing.The third part shows the basic principles of photoacous-tic/ultrasound imaging and its applications. | Puxiang Lai Liming Nie Lidai Wang | 2021 | Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art2021，4，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Towards smart optical focusing:deep learningempowered dynamic wavefront shaping through nonstationary scattering media显示文摘Optical focusing through scattering media is of great significance yet challenging in lots of scenarios,including biomedical imaging,optical communication,cybersecurity,three-dimensional displays,etc.Wavefront shaping is a promising approach to solve this problem,but most implementations thus far have only dealt with static media,which,however,deviates from realistic applications.Herein,we put forward a deep learning-empowered adaptive framework,which is specifically implemented by a proposed Timely-Focusing-Optical-Transformation-Net(TFOTNet),and it effectively tackles the grand challenge of real-time light focusing and refocusing through time-variant media without complicated computation.The introduction of recursive fine-tuning allows timely focusing recovery,and the adaptive adjustment of hyperparameters of TFOTNet on the basis of medium changing speed efficiently handles the spatiotemporal non-stationarity of the medium.Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the adaptive recursive algorithm with the proposed network significantly improves light focusing and tracking performance over traditional methods,permitting rapid recovery of an optical focus from degradation.It is believed that the proposed deep learning-empowered framework delivers a promising platform towards smart optical focusing implementations requiring dynamic wavefront control. | YUNQI Luo SUxIA YAN HUANHAO LI PUXIANG LAI YUANJIN ZHENG | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，8： | 3 |
| 5 | Radiation and reflection acoustical fields of an annular phased array显示文摘放射和思考的特征一个环形的分阶段执行的数组的听觉的地被调查。放射上的元素数字,元素半径, interelement 间距,中心频率,焦点位置,和另外的参数的效果环形的分阶段执行的数组的听觉的地理论上被学习。在实验,有 8 个相等区域的元素的一个环形的变换器被设计并且制作,并且一系列试验性的大小被进行。液体固体上的听觉的地和它的思考连接的放射理论上并且试验性地被学习。试验性的结果在对理论的好同意。 | LAI Puxiang ZHANG Bixing WANG Chenghao | 2007 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2007，26，3： | 3 |
| 6 | Artificial intelligence assisted light control and computational imaging through scattering media显示文摘Coherent optical control within or through scattering media via wavefront shaping has seen broad applications since its invention around 2007.Wavefront shaping is aimed at overcoming the strong scattering,featured by random interference,namely speckle patterns.This randomness occurs due to the refractive index inhomogeneity in complex media like biological tissue or the modal dispersion in multimode fiber,yet this randomness is actually deterministic and potentially can be time reversal or precompensated.Various wavefront shaping approaches,such as optical phase conjugation,iterative optimization,and transmission matrix measurement,have been developed to generate tight and intense optical delivery or high-resolution image of an optical object behind or within a scattering medium.The performance of these modula-tions,however,is far from satisfaction.Most recently,artifcial intelligence has brought new inspirations to this field,providing exciting hopes to tackle the challenges by mapping the input and output optical patterns and building a neuron network that inherently links them.In this paper,we survey the developments to date on this topic and briefly discuss our views on how to harness machine learning(deep learning in particular)for further advancements in the field. | Shengfu Cheng Huanhao Li Yunqi Luo Yuanjin Zheng Puxiang Lai | 2019 | Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2019，，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Fabrication of multifunctional polydopamine-coated gold nanobones for PA/CT imaging and enhanced synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy显示文摘Multimodal imaging-guided chemo-photothermal therapy is an excellent cancer treatment,which can not only efficiently against tumor,but also can offer precise treatment window and real-time monitoring of the treatment efficiency.In our work,polydopamine(PDA)-coated gold nanobones(AuNBs@PDA nanocomplexes)were designed for this approach.The AuNBs@PDA nanocomplexes have strong absorbance in the near infrared(NIR)region and higher photothermal conversion efficiency(75.48%)than gold nanobones alone,which was facilitated for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy.Besides,the loading efficiency of doxorubicin(DOX)by AuNBs@PDA nanocomplexes could be up to about 70%and DOX release from AuNBs@PDA/DOX nanocomplexes sensitively response to the lower pH environment and NIR laser irradiation,which makes them become the excellent nano-carrier for the delivery of chemotherapy drug.In vitro and in vivo studies showed significant cytotoxicity and antitumor efficacy by the AuNBs@PDA/DOX nanoplatform with negligible side effects.Meanwhile,the nanoplatform was also successfully employed for computed tomography(CT)imaging,attributing to the high atomic number and high X-ray attenuation coefficient of gold.Therefore,we believed that the proposed PDA-coated gold nanobones would be a novel multifunctional theranostic nanoagent to realize the PA/CT imaging-guided chemo-photothermal therapy of cancer. | Jingwei Xu Xiaju Cheng Fuxian Chen Weijie Li Xiaohui Xiao Puxiang Lai Guopeng Xu Li Xu Yue Pan | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，4： | 2 |
| 8 | miR-7 and miR-218 epigenetically control tumor suppressor genes RASSF1A and Claudin-6 by targeting HoxB3 in breast cancer显示文摘 | Qiaoyan Li Fufan Zhu Puxiang Chen | 2012 | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications2012，，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Active wavefront shaping for controlling and improving multimode fi ber sensor显示文摘Wavefront shaping(WFS)techniques have been used as a powerful tool to control light propagation in complex media,including multimode fibers.In this paper,we propose a new application of WFS for multimode fber-based sensors.The use of a single multimode fiber alone,without any special fabrication,as a sensor based on the light intensity variations is not an easy task.The twist effect on multimode fiber is used as an example herein.Experimental results show that light intensity through the multimode fiber shows no direct relationship with the twist angle,but the correlation coefficient(CC)of speckle patterns does.Moreover,if WFS is applied to transform the spatially seemingly random light pattern at the exit of the multimode fiber into an optical focus.The focal pattern correlation and intensity both can serve to gauge the twist angle,with doubled measurement range and allowance of using a fast point detector to provide the feedback.With further development,WFS may find potentials to facilitate the development of multimode fber-based sensors in a variety of scenarios. | Tianting Zhong Zhipeng Yu Huanhao Li Zihao Li Haohong Li Puxiang Lai | 2019 | Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2019，，4： | 1 |
| 10 | miR-7 and miR-218 epigenetically control tumor suppressor genes RASSF1A and Claudin-6 by targeting HoxB3 in breast cancer显示文摘 | Qiaoyan Li Fufan Zhu Puxiang Chen | 2012 | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications2012，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Multifunctional layered black phosphorene-based nanoplatform for disease diagnosis and treatment:a review显示文摘As an outstanding two-dimensional material,black phosphorene,has attracted significant attention in the biomedicine field due to its large surface area,strong optical absorption,distinct bioactivity,excellent biocompatibility,and high biodegradability.In this review,the preparation and properties of black phosphorene are summarized first.Thereafter,black phosphorene-based multifunctional platforms employed for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases,including cancer,bone injuries,brain diseases,progressive oxidative diseases,and kidney injury,are reviewed in detail.This review provides a better understanding of the exciting properties of black phosphorene,such as its high drug-loading efficiency,photothermal conversion capability,high'O2 generation efficiency,and high electrical conductivity,as well as how these properties can be exploited in biomedicine.Finally,the research perspectives of black phosphorene are discussed. | Xiazi HUANG Yingying ZHOU Chi Man WOO Yue PAN Liming NIE Puxiang LAI | 2020 | Frontiers of Optoelectronics2020，13，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Regulating the nanoscale intimacy of metal and acidic sites in Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)for the selective conversions of lignin-derived phenols to jet fuels显示文摘Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)of biomass-derived oxy-compounds to advanced hydrocarbon fuels usually requires bifunctional catalysts containing metals and acidic sites.The appropriate tuning of metal and/or acidic active sites at interfaces of bifunctional catalysts can significantly improve catalyst activity and product selectivity.Here,4-trifuoromethyl salicylic acid(TFMSA),as a hydrothermal stable organic acid,was employed to tailor the bifunctional interface of Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)to enhance the catalytic performance on converting lignin-derived phenols to jet fuel range cycloalkanes.More than 80%phenol was converted into cyclohexane at 230°C for 1 h over Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)modified by TFMSA,which was about three times higher than that over unmodified Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3).X-ray diffraction(XRD),Transmission electron microscope(TEM),H2 chemisorption,and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)elemental mapping results indicated that Ru nanoparticles and TFMSA were well distributed onγ-Al_(2)O_(3),and a nanoscale intimacy between Ru and TFMSA was reached.Meanwhile,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy after pyridine adsorption(Py-FT-IR)analysis proved that Brønsted acidic sites on the catalytic interfaces of TFMSA modified Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)had been improved.Moreover,the kinetic and density functional theory(DFT)results suggested that the synergistic effects of adjacent Ru nanoparticles and acidic sites were crutial for promoting the rate-limiting conversion step of phenol HDO to cyclohexane. | Shanshuai Chen Weichen Wang Xue Li Puxiang Yan Wanying Han Tian Sheng Tiansheng Deng Wanbin Zhu Hongliang Wang | 2022 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2022，31，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Alternative Interpretation of Speckle Autocorrelation Imaging Through Scattering Media显示文摘High-resolution optical imaging through or within thick scattering media is a long sought after yet unreached goal.In the past decade,the thriving technique developments in wavefront measurement and manipulation do not significantly push the boundary forward.The optical diffusion limit is still a ceiling.In this work,we propose that a scattering medium can be conceptualized as an assembly of randomly packed pinhole cameras and the corresponding speckle pattern as a superposition of randomly shifted pinhole images.The concept is demonstrated through both simulation and experiments,confirming the new perspective to interpret the mechanism of information transmission through scattering media under incoherent illumination.We also analyze the efficiency of single-pinhole and dual-pinhole channels.While in infancy,the proposed method reveals a new perspective to understand imaging and information transmission through scattering media. | Honglin LIU Puxiang LAI Jingjing GAO Zhentao LIU Jianhong SHI Shensheng HAN | 2022 | Photonic Sensors2022，12，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Wavefront shaping: A versatile tool to conquer multiple scattering in multidisciplinary fields显示文摘Optical techniques offer a wide variety of applications as light-matter interactions provide extremely sensitive mechanisms to probe or treat target media.Most of these implementations rely on the usage of ballistic or quasi-ballistic photons to achieve high spatial resolution.However,the inherent scattering nature of light in biological tissues or tissue-like scattering media constitutes a critical obstacle that has restricted the penetration depth of non-scattered photons and hence limited the implementation of most optical techniques for wider applications.In addition,the components of an optical system are usually designed and manufactured for a fixed function or performance.Recent advances in wavefront shaping have demonstrated that scattering-or component-induced phase distortions can be compensated by optimizing the wavefront of the input light pattern through iteration or by conjugating the transmission matrix of the scattering medium. | Zhipeng Yu Huanhao Li Tianting Zhong Jung-Hoon Park Shengfu Cheng Chi Man Woo Qi Zhao Jing Yao Yingying Zhou Xiazi Huang Weiran Pang Hansol Yoon Yuecheng Shen Honglin Liu Yuanjin Zheng YongKeun Park Lihong V.Wang Puxiang Lai | 2022 | The Innovation2022，3，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Gold@Halloysite nanotubes-chitin composite hydrogel with antibacterial and hemostatic activity for wound healing显示文摘Infection and healing of wounds after injury has always been an unavoidable problem in daily life,so design of a biomaterial with antibacterial and good wound healing properties is highly needed.Herein,a wound healing hydrogel dressing with halloysite clay and chitin as the main components was prepared,which combines the advantages of the biomacromolecule and clay.Halloysite nanotubes(HNTs)are extremely biocompatible clay materials with a hollow tubular structure,and the inner and outer surfaces of HNTs are composed of SiOx and AlOx layers with different charges.Au nanoparticles with diameter in 5-10 nm were filled into the HNTs’lumen to endow photothermal effect of the clay materials.Au@HNTs was then mixed with chitin solution to prepare flexible composite hydrogel by crosslinking by epichlorohydrin.The antibacterial properties,biocompatibility and hemostatic properties of the hydrogel material were investigated by antibacterial experiments,cell experiments,mouse liver and tail hemostatic experiments.After infecting the back wound of mice with Staphylococcus aureus,the hydrogel was applied to the wound to further verify the killing effect on bacteria and wound healing effect of the hydrogel material in vivo.The Au@HNTs-chitin composite hydrogel exhibits high antibacterial and hemostatic activity as well as promoting wound healing function with low cytotoxicity.This study is significant for the development of high-performance wound dressings based on two commonly used biocompatible materials,which shows promising application in wound sterilization and healing. | Puxiang Zhao Yue Feng Youquan Zhou Cuiying Tan Mingxian Liu | 2023 | Bioactive Materials2023，，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Enhancing spatiotemporal focusing of light deep inside scattering media with Time-Gated Reflection Matrix显示文摘Time-gated reflection matrix(RM)has been successfully used for optical imaging deep inside Scattering media.Recently,this method was extended to enhance the spatiotemporal focusing of light ultra-deep inside scattering media.This is achieved by calibrating the decomposition of the RM with the Tikhonov regularization parameter to convert mutiply scattered photons that share the same time of flight with the singly scattered photons into singly scattered photons.Such a capability suggests a reshaping to the interaction mechanism between light and scattering media,which may beneft or inspire wide optical applications that desire enhanced spatiotemporal focusing of light at depths inside scattering media. | Zhipeng Yu Huanhao Li Tianting Zhong Puxiang Lai | 2022 | Light(Science & Applications)2022，11，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Learning-based super-resolution interpolation for sub-Nyquist sampled laser speckles显示文摘Information retrieval from visually random optical speckle patterns is desired in many scenarios yet considered challenging.It requires accurate understanding or mapping of the multiple scattering process,or reliable capability to reverse or compensate for the scattering-induced phase distortions.In whatever situation,effective resolving and digitization of speckle patterns are necessary.Nevertheless,on some occasions,to increase the acquisition speed and/or signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),speckles captured by cameras are inevitably sampled in the sub-Nyquist domain via pixel binning(one camera pixel contains multiple speckle grains)due to finite size or limited bandwidth of photosensors.Such a down-sampling process is irreversible;it undermines the fine structures of speckle grains and hence the encoded information,preventing successful information extraction.To retrace the lost information,super-resolution interpolation for such sub-Nyquist sampled speckles is needed.In this work,a deep neural network,namely SpkSRNet,is proposed to effectively up sample speckles that are sampled below 1/10 of the Nyquist criterion to well-resolved ones that not only resemble the comprehensive morphology of original speckles(decompose multiple speckle grains from one camera pixel)but also recover the lost complex information(human face in this study)with high fidelity under normal-and low-light conditions,which is impossible with classic interpolation methods.These successful speckle super-resolution interpolation demonstrations are essentially enabled by the strong implicit correlation among speckle grains,which is non-quantifiable but could be discovered by the well-trained network.With further engineering,the proposed learning platform may benefit many scenarios that are physically inaccessible,enabling fast acquisition of speckles with sufficient SNR and opening up new avenues for seeing big and seeing clearly simultaneously in complex scenarios. | HUANHAO LI ZHIPENG YU QI ZHAO YUNQI LUO SHENGFU CHENG TIANTING ZHONG CHI MAN WOO HONGLIN LIU LIHONG V.WANG YUANJIN ZHENG PUXIANG LAI | 2023 | Photonics Research2023，11，4： | 0 |
| 18 | Introduction to the special issue on high-resolution optical focusing and imaging within or through thick scattering media显示文摘Optical technologies have been increasingly utilized in biomedicine,including diagnosis,therapy,and surgery.In almost all of these applications,photons need to propagate some distance in tissue.Therefore,the capability of focusing or demodulating light information plays an essential role,largely determining the sensitivity and spatial resolution of these techniques.This has always been desired yet considered challenging within or through thick biological tissues due to the strong scattering of light. | Puxiang Lai YongKeun Park | 2019 | Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2019，，4： | 0 |
| 19 | Wearable ultrasound bioelectronics for healthcare monitoring显示文摘Customized and personalized healthcare,being self-administered by patients,is highly sought after in light of the increasing burdens of chronic illnesses and aging populations.Outside clinics that empower individuals to have a more prominent role in managing their health are becoming a trend due to many benefits.For example,they can reduce hospital visits and infection risk during a pandemic like COVID-19. | Shan Jiang Tianqi Zhang Yingying Zhou Puxiang Lai Yuan Huang | 2023 | The Innovation2023，4，4： | 0 |
| 20 | 帮助孩子培养关爱品质显示文摘这是一个创新和教育的典型设计,作为一种玩具,其目的不仅在于教给孩子们关于空气污染的知识,而且还让它们在污染的环境中生病,立刻让他们同情玩具。面部感应器,以及从绿色变为红色的变色LED,表现出于空气是如何清洁或污染的。这相当于一个应用程序,告诉人们今天经历的空气对人的污染有害程度这会帮助孩子更加清楚地了解环境污染的害处。治疗的唯一方法就是让它呼吸新鲜空气。 | puxiang | 2019 | 工业设计2019，，5： | 0 |
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