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| 1 | 肯尼亚山森林的破坏与管理显示文摘本文提供了肯尼亚山山地森林受破坏的资料。材料取自1992~1994年间所做的植物群落学研究的野外考察,特别是对与人类和大型动物的影响相关的不同森林群落的更新格局和演替循环作了重点观察。尽管在肯尼亚私人植树活动正在缓解薪材的亏缺,但是具有20万hm^2森林的肯尼亚山的大部分,也即该国最大的天然林区,受到了非法活动和其它原因造成的严重影响。南坡和东南坡的湿润樟树林因对奥寇梯木(Ocotea usambarensis)大规模择伐和种植大麻而正以惊人的速度受到破坏。旱生的刺柏林(Juniperus procera)也被采伐,特别由于新的拓居计划而受到更严重的危害。大型的大象种群对森林更新没有影响,但是,野牛的啃食和擦伤抑制了旱生森林的更新,并且损伤了许多树木。最后提出了更好地管理森林资源的建议。 | Rainer W.Bussmann 石培礼 | 1996 | 人类环境杂志1996，25，5： | 0 |
| 2 | Underutilized Plant Species in Far West Nepal显示文摘Underutilized plant species help to alleviate common food insufficiencies by providing alternative food supply. They also complement primary health care, furnishing raw materials where the cultivation of staple cereal crops is least feasible and health care is pursued indigenously. Research and promotion of extraction, utilization, and conservation of underutilized species lead to exploration of new staple crops and motivate people to consume in a sustainable manner. The present study describes the current status, uses, and management of underutilized plant species in Far West Nepal. The relative importance of 49 underutilized plant species was computed employing a Relative Importance (RI) technique. The use-values assigned to the species fall into six use-categories: beverage, fodder, food & edible, medicinal, vegetable and veterinary. A total of 22 species appeared in multiple use-categories, while the rest were characterized by a single use-category. Based on relative importance and frequency, Ficus semicordata, Debregesia longifolia, Girardinea diversifolia, Hydrocotyle nepalensis, Garuga pinnata, Aloe vera and Pyrus pashia offer the most potential for future. Underutilized plants proved important to folk medicine and food. These species persist because they remain useful to local people as means of subsistence, production, and primary health care. The findings are important so far as they point up the role of underutilized plants in national food security policy and health care, spelling out their potentialities and cross cutting relationships. | Ripu M.KUNWAR Laxmi MAHAT Lila N.SHARMA Keshab P.SHRESTHA Hiroo KOMINEE Rainer W.BUSSMANN | 2012 | Journal of Mountain Science2012，9，5： | 0 |
| 3 | This work was part of EP's participation in a Summer Student program at CSIRO,which was sponsored by the Grains Research Development Corporation(GRDC)and Bayer CropScience.We thank CSIRO for a Distinguished Visiting ScientistAwardtoBDM.显示文摘National key protected wild plants(NKPWPs)are species with important conservation value based on genetics,ecology,culture,and/or scientific research,which are also confronted with serious threats.However,their geographical distribution patterns and conservation status remain unclear.In this study,we compiled 1032 species of NKPWPs.We measured the diversity to identify hotspots of NKPWPs based on species richness,weighted range size rarity and a complementarity‐based analysis.Comparing the distribution and hotspots of NKPWPs with the coverage of Chinese nature reserves(NRs),we assessed conservation effectiveness and identified conservation gaps.The results identified 13 diversity hotspots;only 9.5%of them were covered by NRs with>30%of the grid cell area,and even 19.5%were not covered at all by NRs.Overall,44.7%of NKPWPs were effectively protected by national NRs.Despite this success,571 species in Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan,Chongqing,Guangxi,Guangdong,southern Hainan,Taiwan,and northern Xinjiang remain unprotected by NRs.The protected proportion of plants with first‐level protection was lower than that of plants with second‐level protection.The low overall proportion of protected hotspots indicates that the conservation outlook for NKPWPs is not optimistic.This study identifies priority conservation areas and conservation gaps and provides a scientific reference for the conservation of wild plants in China. | Fei Qin Xiao‐Xia Zhang Yun‐Feng Huang Lei Wu Wei‐Bin Xu Tian‐Tian Xue Wen‐Di Zhang Qin Liu Jiang‐Hong Yu Jie‐Jing Gao Rainer W.Bussmann Juan Wang Sheng‐Xiang Yu | 2023 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2023，61，6： | 0 |
| 4 | Potential medicinal plants involved in inhibiting 3CL^(pro) activity:A practical alternate approach to combating COVID-19显示文摘At present,a variety of vaccines have been approved,and existing antiviral drugs are being tested to find an effective treatment for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).However,no standardized treatment has yet been approved by the World Health Organization.The virally encoded chymotrypsin-like protease(3CL^(pro))from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),which facilitates the replication of SARS-CoV in the host cells,is one potential pharmacological target for the development of antiSARS drugs.Online search engines,such as Web of Science,Google Scholar,Scopus and PubMed,were used to retrieve data on the traditional uses of medicinal plants and their inhibitory effects against the SARS-CoV 3CL^(pro).Various pure compounds,including polyphenols,terpenoids,chalcones,alkaloids,biflavonoids,flavanones,anthraquinones and glycosides,have shown potent inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 3CL^(pro) activity with 50% inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values ranging from 2-44μg/mL.Interestingly,most of these active compounds,including xanthoangelol E(isolated from Angelica keiskei),dieckol 1(isolated from Ecklonia cava),amentoflavone(isolated from Torreya nucifera),celastrol,pristimerin,tingenone and iguesterin(isolated from Tripterygium regelii),tannic acid(isolated from Camellia sinensis),and theaflavin-3,3’-digallate,3-isotheaflav1in-3 gallate and dihydrotanshinone I(isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza),had IC_(50)values of less than 15μg/mL.Kinetic mechanistic studies of several active compounds revealed that their mode of inhibition was dose-dependent and competitive,with K_(i)values ranging from 2.4-43.8μmol/L.Given the significance of plant-based compounds and the many promising results obtained,there is still need to explore the phytochemical and mechanistic potentials of plants and their products.These medicinal plants could serve as an effective inexpensive nutraceutical for the general public to help manage COVID-19. | Fan Yang Xiao-lan Jiang Akash Tariq Sehrish Sadia Zeeshan Ahmed Jordi Sardans Muhammad Aleem Riaz Ullah Rainer W.Bussmann | 2022 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2022，20，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Distribution and conservation of near threatened plants in China显示文摘Plants classified as Near Threatened(NT) are at high risk of becoming threatened because of anthropogenic interference and climate change.Especially in conservation efforts,such species have however long been overlooked.Here,we obtained 98,419 precise occurrence points for 2442 NT plants in China,and used species richness,species complementarity,and weighted endemism that consider all,endemic and narrow-ranged species in order to identify the diversity hotspots of NT plants.Then we evaluated the conservation effectiveness of current nature reserves for them.Our results indicate that the diversity hotspots of NT plants were mainly confined to southwestern and southern China,and only 35.87% of hotspots and 71.5% of species were protected by nature reserves.Numerous hotspots in southwestern China(e.g.,Sichuan,Yunnan,Guangxi,and Hainan) were identified as conservation gaps.Given that NT plants include large proportions of endemic and narrow-ranged species,they represent an important value in conservation priority.So,more conservation efforts in the future should be tilted towards NT plants.Additionally,when comparing with the recently updated NT list,there are already 87 species raised to threatened categories,while 328 species were lowered to least concern,56 species were now categorized as data deficient,and 119 species considered as uncertain due to changes of scientific names.It is essential to carry out a continuous assessment of species’ threatened categories to realize targeting conservation. | Qin Liu Tian-Tian Xue Xiao-Xia Zhang Xu-Dong Yang Fei Qin Wen-Di Zhang Lei Wu Rainer W.Bussmann Sheng-Xiang Yu | 2023 | Plant Diversity2023，45，3： | 0 |
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