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| 1 | Crucial physical characteristics of sea ice in the Arctic section of 143°–180°W during August and early September 2008显示文摘Sea-ice physical characteristics were investigated in the Arctic section of 143°-180°W during August and early September 2008. Ship-based observations show that both the sea-ice thickness and concentration recorded during southward navigation from 30 August to 6 September were remarkably less than those recorded during northward navigation from 3 to 30 August, especially at low latitudes. Accordingly, the marginal ice zone moved from about 74.0°N to about 79.5°N from mid-August to early September. Melt-pond coverage increased with increasing latitude, peaking at 84.4°N, where about 27% of ice was covered by melt ponds. Above this latitude, melt-pond coverage decreased evidently as the ice at high latitudes experienced a relatively short melt season and commenced its growth stage by the end of August. Regional mean ice thickness increased from 0.8 (±0.5) m at 75.0°N to 1.5 (±0.4) m at 85.0°N along the northward navigation while it decreased rapidly to 0.6 (±0.3) m at 78.0°N along the southward navigation. Because of relatively low ice concentration and thin ice in the investigated Arctic sector, both the short-term ice stations and ice camp could only be set up over multiyear sea ice. Observations of ice properties based on ice cores collected at the short-term ice stations and the ice camp show that all investigated floes were essentially isothermal with high temperature and porosity, and low density and salinity. Most ices had salinity below 2 and mean density of 800-860 kg/m^3 . Significant ice loss in the investigated Arctic sector during the last 15 a can be identified by comparison with the previous observations. | LEI Ruibo LI Zhijun LI Na LU Peng CHENG Bin | 2012 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2012，31，4： | 9 |
| 2 | Reconstruction of hydrological changes based on tree-ring data of the Haba River, northwestern China显示文摘Reconstructing the hydrological change based on dendrohydrological data has important implications for understanding the dynamic distribution and evolution pattern of a given river. The widespread, long-living coniferous forests on the Altay Mountains provide a good example for carrying out the dendrohydrological studies. In this study, a regional composite tree-ring width chronology developed by Larix sibirica Ledeb. and Picea obovata Ledeb. was used to reconstruct a 301-year annual(from preceding July to succeeding June) streamflow for the Haba River, which originates in the southern Altay Mountains, Xinjiang, China. Results indicated that the reconstructed streamflow series and the observations were fitting well, and explained 47.5% of the variation in the observed streamflow of 1957–2008. Moreover, floods and droughts in 1949–2000 were precisely captured by the streamflow reconstruction. Based on the frequencies of the wettest/driest years and decades, we identified the 19 th century as the century with the largest occurrence of hydrological fluctuations for the last 300 years. After applying a 21-year moving average, we found five wet(1724–1758, 1780–1810, 1822–1853, 1931–1967, and 1986–2004) and four dry(1759–1779, 1811–1821, 1854–1930, and 1968–1985) periods in the streamflow reconstruction. Furthermore, four periods(1770–1796, 1816–1836, 1884–1949, and 1973–1997) identified by the streamflow series had an obvious increasing trend. The increasing trend of streamflow since the 1970s was the biggest in the last 300 years and coincided with the recent warming-wetting trend in northwestern China. A significant correlation between streamflow and precipitation in the Altay Mountains indicated that the streamflow reconstruction contained not only local, but also broad-scale, hydro-climatic signals. The 24-year, 12-year, and 2.2–4.5-year cycles of the reconstruction revealed that the streamflow variability of the Haba River may be influenced by solar activity and the atmosphere–ocean system. | zhang tongwen yuan yujiang chen feng yu shulong zhang ruibo qin li jiang shengxia | 2018 | Journal of Arid Land2018，10，1： | 8 |
| 3 | Albedo of Coastal Landfast Sea Ice in Prydz Bay,Antarctica:Observations and Parameterization显示文摘The snow/sea-ice albedo was measured over coastal landfast sea ice in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica(off Zhongshan Station)during the austral spring and summer of 2010 and 2011. The variation of the observed albedo was a combination of a gradual seasonal transition from spring to summer and abrupt changes resulting from synoptic events, including snowfall, blowing snow, and overcast skies. The measured albedo ranged from 0.94 over thick fresh snow to 0.36 over melting sea ice. It was found that snow thickness was the most important factor influencing the albedo variation, while synoptic events and overcast skies could increase the albedo by about 0.18 and 0.06, respectively. The in-situ measured albedo and related physical parameters(e.g., snow thickness, ice thickness, surface temperature, and air temperature) were then used to evaluate four different snow/ice albedo parameterizations used in a variety of climate models. The parameterized albedos showed substantial discrepancies compared to the observed albedo, particularly during the summer melt period, even though more complex parameterizations yielded more realistic variations than simple ones. A modified parameterization was developed,which further considered synoptic events, cloud cover, and the local landfast sea-ice surface characteristics. The resulting parameterized albedo showed very good agreement with the observed albedo. | Qinghua YANG Jiping LIU Matti LEPPRANTA Qizhen SUN Rongbin LI Lin ZHANG Thomas JUNG Ruibo LEI Zhanhai ZHANG Ming LI Jiechen ZHAO Jingjing CHENG | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，5： | 7 |
| 4 | Effects of dietary leucine supplementation on the gene expression of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway and intestinal development of broilers显示文摘This experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary leucine supplementation on the gene expression of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) signaling pathway and intestinal development of broilers. A total of 384 one-day-old broilers were randomly assigned into 4 treatments with 6 replicates(16 broilers per replicate). Broilers in these treatment groups were offered the following diets with 1.37,1.77,2.17 and2.57% of leucine. These diet treatments were named 1.37 TM, 1.77 TM, 2.17 TM, and 2.57 TM. The experiment lasted 21 days and all birds had free access to feed and water. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in body weight, average daily gain and average feed intake among all treatments(P > 0.05). The broiler duodenal villus height in 2.57 TM was the lowest, but the highest occurred in1.37 TM on d 7 and 14(P < 0.05). The villus height in the jejunum and ileum increased along with leucine level from 1.37 to 2.17%. The villus height of jejunum was significantly higher in 2.17 TM than in 1.37 TM on d 7 and 14, and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V:C) in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum increased significantly(P < 0.05) on d 21. The gene expression level of mTOR in the duodenum decreased with increasing leucine level and was higher in 1.37 TM than in 2.57 TM on d 7 and 14(P < 0.05). On d 14 and 21 of the trial, the expression of S6 K1 in the duodenum was higher in 1.37 TM than in 2.57 TM(P < 0.05), and the expression of mTOR, S6 K1 in the jejunum and ileum increased with increasing leucine level form 1.37 to 2.17%, whereas a significant difference occurred between 1.37 TM and 2.17 TM(P< 0.05).In conclusion, the addition of leucine fails to enhance the growth performance of broilers. However,leucine can improve intestinal development by enhancing villus height and V:C ratio in the jejunum and ileum. Moreover, the expression of mTOR, S6 K1 increased as the level of dietary leucine was elevated from 1.37 to 2.17%. | Yinlian Chang Huiyi Cai Guohua Liu Wenhuan Chang Aijuan Zheng Shu Zhang Ruibo Liao Wei Liu Yang Li Jia Tian | 2015 | Animal Nutrition2015，，4： | 6 |
| 5 | The uniaxial compressive strength of the Arctic summer sea ice显示文摘The results on the uniaxial compressive strength of Arctic summer sea ice are presented based on the samples collected during the fifth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2012(CHINARE-2012). Experimental studies were carried out at different testing temperatures(-3,-6 and-9°C), and vertical samples were loaded at stress rates ranging from 0.001 to 1 MPa/s. The temperature, density, and salinity of the ice were measured to calculate the total porosity of the ice. In order to study the effects of the total porosity and the density on the uniaxial compressive strength, the measured strengths for a narrow range of stress rates from 0.01 to 0.03 MPa/s were analyzed. The results show that the uniaxial compressive strength decreases linearly with increasing total porosity, and when the density was lower than 0.86 g/cm3, the uniaxial compressive strength increases in a power-law manner with density. The uniaxial compressive behavior of the Arctic summer sea ice is sensitive to the loading rate, and the peak uniaxial compressive strength is reached in the brittle-ductile transition range. The dependence of the strength on the temperature shows that the calculated average strength in the brittle-ductile transition range, which was considered as the peak uniaxial compressive strength, increases steadily in the temperature range from-3 to-9°C. | HAN Hongwei LI Zhijun HUANG Wenfeng LU Peng LEI Ruibo | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，1： | 6 |
| 6 | Comparisons of passive microwave remote sensing sea ice concentrations with ship-based visual observations during the CHINARE Arctic summer cruises of 2010–2018显示文摘In order to apply satellite data to guiding navigation in the Arctic more effectively,the sea ice concentrations(SIC)derived from passive microwave(PM)products were compared with ship-based visual observations(OBS)collected during the Chinese National Arctic Research Expeditions(CHINARE).A total of 3667 observations were collected in the Arctic summers of 2010,2012,2014,2016,and 2018.PM SIC were derived from the NASA-Team(NT),Bootstrap(BT)and Climate Data Record(CDR)algorithms based on the SSMIS sensor,as well as the BT,enhanced NASA-Team(NT2)and ARTIST Sea Ice(ASI)algorithms based on AMSR-E/AMSR-2 sensors.The daily arithmetic average of PM SIC values and the daily weighted average of OBS SIC values were used for the comparisons.The correlation coefficients(CC),biases and root mean square deviations(RMSD)between PM SIC and OBS SIC were compared in terms of the overall trend,and under mild/normal/severe ice conditions.Using the OBS data,the influences of floe size and ice thickness on the SIC retrieval of different PM products were evaluated by calculating the daily weighted average of floe size code and ice thickness.Our results show that CC values range from 0.89(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2)to 0.95(SSMIS NT),biases range from−3.96%(SSMIS NT)to 12.05%(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2),and RMSD values range from 10.81%(SSMIS NT)to 20.15%(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2).Floe size has a significant influence on the SIC retrievals of the PM products,and most of the PM products tend to underestimate SIC under smaller floe size conditions and overestimate SIC under larger floe size conditions.Ice thickness thicker than 30 cm does not have a significant influence on the SIC retrieval of PM products.Overall,the best(worst)agreement occurs between OBS SIC and SSMIS NT(AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2)SIC in the Arctic summer. | Yuanren Xiu Zhijun Li Ruibo Lei Qingkai Wang Peng Lu Matti Leppäranta | 2020 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2020，39，9： | 6 |
| 7 | The physical structures of snow and sea ice in the Arctic section of 150°-180°W during the summer of 2010显示文摘The physical structures of snow and sea ice in the Arctic section of 150°-180°W were observed on the basis of snow-pit, ice-core, and drill-hole measurements from late July to late August 2010. Almost all the investigated floes were first-year ice, except for one located north of Alaska, which was probably multi-year ice transported from north of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago during early summer. The snow covers over all the investigated floes were in the melting phase, with temperatures approaching 0℃ and densities of 295-398 kg/m3 . The snow covers can be divided into two to five layers of different textures, with most cases having a top layer of fresh snow, a round-grain layer in the middle, and slush and/or thin icing layers at the bottom. The first-year sea ice contained about 7%-17% granular ice at the top. There was no granular ice in the lower layers. The interior melting and desalination of sea ice introduced strong stratifications of temperature, salinity, density, and gas and brine volume fractions. The sea ice temperature exhibited linear cooling with depth, while the salinity and the density increased linearly with normalized depth from 0.2 to 0.9 and from 0 to 0.65, respectively. The top layer, especially the freeboard layer, had the lowest salinity and density, and consequently the largest gas content and the smallest brine content. Both the salinity and density in the ice basal layer were highly scattered due to large differences in ice porosity among the samples. The bulk average sea ice temperature, salinity, density, and gas and brine volume fractions were-0.8℃, 1.8, 837 kg/m3 , 9.3% and 10.4%, respectively. The snow cover, sea ice bottom, and sea ice interior show evidences of melting during mid-August in the investigated floe located at about 87°N, 175°W. | HUANG Wenfeng LEI Ruibo ILKKA Matero LI Qun WANG Yongxue LI Zhijun | 2013 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2013，32，5： | 6 |
| 8 | Brief Introduction of TianHe Exascale Prototype System显示文摘Facing the challenges of the next generation exascale computing,National University of Defense Technology has developed a prototype system to explore opportunities,solutions,and limits toward the next generation Tianhe system.This paper briefly introduces the prototype system,which is deployed at the National Supercomputer Center in Tianjin and has a theoretical peak performance of 3.15 Pflops.A total of 512 compute nodes are found where each node has three proprietary CPUs called Matrix-2000+.The system memory is 98.3 TB,and the storage is 1.4 PB in total. | Ruibo Wang Kai Lu Juan Chen Wenzhe Zhang Jinwen Li Yuan Yuan Pingjing Lu Libo Huang Shengguo Li Xiaokang Fan | 2021 | Tsinghua Science and Technology2021，26，3： | 5 |
| 9 | Review of research on Arctic sea ice physics based on the Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition显示文摘China launched its Arctic research program and organized the first Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE-Arctic) in 1999. By 2016, six further expeditions had been conducted using the R/V Xuelong. The main region of the expeditions has focused on the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean for sea ice observations. The expeditions have used icebreaker, helicopter, boat, floe, and buoy platforms to perform these observations. Some new technologies have been developed, in particular, the underway auto-observing system for sea ice thickness using an electromagnetic instrument. The long-term measurement systems, e.g., the sea ice mass balance buoy, allow observations to extend from summer to winter. Some international cooperation projects have been involved in CHINARE-Arctic, especially the 'Developing Arctic Modeling and Observing Capabilities for Long-Term Environmental Studies' project funded by the European Union during the International Polar Year. Arctic sea ice observations have been used to verify remote sensing products, identify changes in Arctic sea ice, optimize the parameterizations of sea ice physical processes, and assess the accessibility of ice-covered waters, especially around the Northeast Passage. Recommendations are provided as guidance to future CHINARE-Arctic projects. For example, a standardized operation system of sea ice observations should be contracted, and the observations of sea ice dynamics should be enhanced. The upcoming launch of a new Chinese icebreaker will allow increased ship time in support of future CHINARE Arctic oceanographic investigations. | LEI Ruibo ZHANG Zhanhai LI Zhijun YANG Qinghua LI Bingrui LI Tao | 2017 | Advances in Polar Science2017，28，2： | 5 |
| 10 | 中国第9次北极考察概述显示文摘中国第9次北极考察航次于2018年7月20日至9月26日执行,在白令海、楚科奇海、楚科奇海台、门捷列夫海岭和加拿大海盆开展了物理海洋、海洋气象、海冰、海洋化学、海洋生物、海洋生态、地质和地球物理等多学科综合考察。本文对中国第9次北极考察取得的主要成果进行了概述。 | WEI Zexun CHEN Hongxia LEI Ruibo YU Xiaoguo ZHANG Tao LIN Lina TIAN Zhongxiang ZHUANG Yanpei LI Tao YUAN Zhuoli | 2020 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2020，13，1： | 4 |
| 11 | Investigation of the thermodynamic processes of a floe-lead system in the central Arctic during later summer显示文摘Thermodynamic processes of a system involving a floe and a small lead in the central Arctic were investigated during the ice-camp period of the third Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition from 20 to 28 August,2008.The measurements included surface air temperatures above the floe,spectral albedo of the lead,seawater temperatures in the lead and under the ice cover,and the lateral and bottom mass balance of the floe.The surface air temperature at 1.15 m remained below 0℃throughout the observation period and sea ice had commenced its annual cycle of growth in response to autumn cooling during the study.The surface of the lead was frozen by 23 August,after which the spectral albedo of the thin-ice-covered lead in the band of 320 950 nm was 0.46 ±0.03,the seawater temperatures both in the lead and under the ice cover,as well as the vertical seawater-temperature gradient in the lead decreased gradually,and the oceanic heat under the ice was maintained at a low level approaching 0 W/m2.By the end of the measurement,the thickness of the investigated floe had reached its annual minimum,while the lateral of the floe was still in the melting phase,with a mean melting rate of 1.0 ±0.3 cm/d during the measurement,responding to an equivalent latent heat flux of 21 ±6 W/m2.The lateral melting of the floe had made a more significant contribution to the sea-ice mass balance than the surface and bottom melting in the end of August. | LEI RuiBo LI ZhiJun CHENG Bin YANG QingHua LI Na | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Polar Science2011，22，1： | 4 |
| 12 | Aerial observations of sea ice and melt ponds near the North Pole during CHINARE2010显示文摘An aerial photography has been used to provide validation data on sea ice near the North Pole where most polar orbiting satellites cannot cover. This kind of data can also be used as a supplement for missing data and for reducing the uncertainty of data interpolation. The aerial photos are analyzed near the North Pole collected during the Chinese national arctic research expedition in the summer of 2010(CHINARE2010). The result shows that the average fraction of open water increases from the ice camp at approximately 87°N to the North Pole, resulting in the decrease in the sea ice. The average sea ice concentration is only 62.0% for the two flights(16 and 19 August 2010). The average albedo(0.42) estimated from the area ratios among snow-covered ice,melt pond and water is slightly lower than the 0.49 of HOTRAX 2005. The data on 19 August 2010 shows that the albedo decreases from the ice camp at approximately 87°N to the North Pole, primarily due to the decrease in the fraction of snow-covered ice and the increase in fractions of melt-pond and open-water. The ice concentration from the aerial photos and AMSR-E(The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System) images at 87.0°–87.5°N exhibits similar spatial patterns, although the AMSR-E concentration is approximately 18.0%(on average) higher than aerial photos. This can be attributed to the 6.25 km resolution of AMSR-E, which cannot separate melt ponds/submerged ice from ice and cannot detect the small leads between floes. Thus, the aerial photos would play an important role in providing high-resolution independent estimates of the ice concentration and the fraction of melt pond cover to validate and/or supplement space-borne remote sensing products near the North Pole. | LI Lanyu KE Changqing XIE Hongjie LEI Ruibo TAO Anqi | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，1： | 3 |
| 13 | A concept for autonomous and continuous observation of melt pond morphology: Instrument design and test trail during the 4th CHINARE-Arctic in 2010显示文摘Accelerated decline of summer and winter Arctic sea ice has been demonstrated progressively. Melt ponds play a key role in enhancing the feedback of solar radiation in the ice/ocean-atmosphere system, and have thus been a focus of researchers and modelers. A new melt pond investigation system was designed to determine morphologic and hydrologic features, and their evolution. This system consists of three major parts:Temperature-salinity measuring, surface morphology monitoring, and water depth monitoring units. The setup was deployed during the ice camp period of the fourth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in summer 2010. The evolution of a typical Arctic melt pond was documented in terms of pond depth, shape and surface condition. These datasets are presented to scientifically reveal how involved parameters change, contributing to better understanding of the evolution mechanism of the melt pond. The main advantage of this system is its suitability for autonomous and long-term observation, over and within a melt pond. Further, the setup is portable and robust. It can be easily and quickly installed, which is most valuable for deployment under harsh conditions. | HUANG Wenfeng LI Zhijun WANG Yongxue LEI Ruibo | 2011 | Advances in Polar Science2011，22，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Microstructure and Oxidation Behavior of Modified Aluminide Coating on Ni3Al-based Single Crystal Superalloy显示文摘Al, Al-Si and Cr-Al-Si coatings are prepared onto IC20 alloy by powder pack cementation to improve the oxidation resistance of the alloy. The isothermal oxidation behaviors of the coatings and the uncoated IC20 alloy at 1 100 °C are comparatively investigated. For the coatings, less weight gains are obtained compared to the uncoated alloy after 100 h thermal exposure. The Al-Si coating exhibits the best oxidation resistance, while the addition of Cr accelerates the scale spallation. Phase transformation from β-NiAl to γ and γ′ occurs in the coating after oxidation for extended periods. The oxidation protection and degradation mechanisms for these coatings are discussed. | YANG Ruibo WU Yuxiao WU Qiong LI Shusuo MA Yue GONG Shengkai | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2012，25，5： | 2 |
| 15 | Physical and optical characteristics of sea ice in the Pacific Arctic Sector during the summer of 2018显示文摘The reduction in Arctic sea ice in summer has been reported to have a significant impact on the global climate.In this study,Arctic sea ice/snow at the end of the melting season in 2018 was investigated during CHINARE-2018,in terms of its temperature,salinity,density and textural structure,the snow density,water content and albedo,as well as morphology and albedo of the refreezing melt pond.The interior melting of sea ice caused a strong stratification of temperature,salinity and density.The temperature of sea ice ranged from–0.8℃ to 0℃,and exhibited linear cooling with depth.The average salinity and density of sea ice were approximately 1.3 psu and 825 kg/m3,respectively,and increased slightly with depth.The first-year sea ice was dominated by columnar grained ice.Snow cover over all the investigated floes was in the melt phase,and the average water content and density were 0.74%and 241 kg/m3,respectively.The thickness of the thin ice lid ranged from 2.2 cm to 7.0 cm,and the depth of the pond ranged from 1.8 cm to 26.8 cm.The integrated albedo of the refreezing melt pond was in the range of 0.28–0.57.Because of the thin ice lid,the albedo of the melt pond improved to twice as high as that of the mature melt pond.These results provide a reference for the current state of Arctic sea ice and the mechanism of its reduction. | Xiaowei Cao Peng Lu Ruibo Lei Qingkai Wang Zhijun Li | 2020 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2020，39，9： | 2 |
| 16 | Iaso: an autonomous fault-tolerant management system for supercomputers显示文摘 | Kai LU Xiaoping WANG Gen LI Ruibo WANG Wanqing CHI Yongpeng LIU Hongwei TANG Hua FENG Yinghui GAO | 2014 | Frontiers of Computer Science2014，8，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Features of sea ice motion observed with ice buoys from the central Arctic Ocean to Fram Strait显示文摘Using six ice-tethered buoys deployed in 2012,we analyzed sea ice motion in the central Arctic Ocean and Fram Strait.The two-hourly buoy-derived ice velocities had a magnitude range of 0.010.80 m s 1,although ice velocities within the Arctic Basin were generally less than 0.4 m s 1.Complex Fourier transformation showed that the amplitudes of the sea ice velocities had a non-symmetric inertial oscillation.These inertial oscillations were characterized by a strong peak at a frequency of approximately 2 cycle d 1 on the Fourier velocity spectrum.Wind was a main driving force for ice motion,characterized by a linear relationship between ice velocity and 10-m wind speed.Typically,the ice velocity was about 1.4%of the 10-m wind speed.Our analysis of ice velocity and skin temperature showed that ice velocity increased by nearly 2%with each 10℃increase in skin temperature.This was likely related to weakened ice strength under increasing temperature.The ice-wind turning angle was also correlated with 10-m wind speed and skin temperature.When the wind speed was less than 12 m s 1 or skin temperature was less than 30℃,the ice-wind turning angle decreased with either increasing wind speed or skin temperature.Clearly,sea ice drift in the central Arctic Ocean and Fram Strait is dependent upon seasonal changes in both temperature and wind speed. | HAN Hongwei LEI Ruibo LU Peng LI Zhijun | 2020 | Advances in Polar Science2020，31，1： | 1 |
| 18 | The CFD ana- lysis of twin flapper-nozzle valve in pure water hydraulic 显示文摘 | Zhang Li Luo Jing Yuan Ruibo | 2012 | Procedia Engineering2012，31，： | 1 |
| 19 | Thermodynamic processes of lake ice and landfast ice around Zhongshan Station, Antarctica显示文摘Thermodynamic processes of ice in three lakes and landfast ice around Zhongshan Station, Antarctica, were observed in 2006. The mass balance of lake ice was compared with that of landfast ice. The responses of lake ice and sea ice temperatures to the local surface air temperature are explored. Vertical conductive heat fluxes at varying depths of lake ice and sea ice were derived from vertical temperature profiles. The freeze up of lake ice and landfast ice occurred from late February to early March. Maximum lake ice thicknesses occurred from late September to early October, with values of 156-177 cm. The maximum sea ice thicknesses of 167-174 cm occurred relatively later, from late October to late November. Temporal variations of lake ice and landfast ice internal temperatures lagged those of air temperatures. High-frequency variations of air temperature were evidently attenuated by ice cover. The temporal lag and the high-frequency attenuation were greater for sea ice than for lake ice, and more distinct for the deeper ice layer than for the upper ice layer. This induced a smaller conductive heat flux through sea ice than lake ice, at the same depth and under the same atmospheric forcing, and a smoother fluctuation in the conductive heat flux for the deeper ice layer than for the upper ice layer. Enhanced desalination during the melt season increased the melting point temperature within sea ice, making it different from fresh lake ice. | LEI RuiBo LI ZhiJun ZHANG ZhanHai CHENG YanFeng | 2011 | Advances in Polar Science2011，22，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Determination of L-ascorbic acid in human serum by chemiluminescence based on hydrogen peroxide-sodium hydrogen carbonate-CdSe/CdS quantum dots system显示文摘 | CHEN Hui LI Ruibo LIN Ling | 2010 | Talanta2010，81，45： | 1 |
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