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| 1 | Isolation and characterization of H7N9 viruses from live poultry markets--Implication of the source of current H7N9 infection in humans显示文摘On March 31, 2013, the National Health and Family Planning Commission announced that human infections with a previously undescribed influenza A (H7N9) virus had occurred in Shanghai and Anhui Province, China. To investigate the possible origins of the H7N9 viruses causing these human infections, we collected 970 samples, including drinking water, soil, and cloacal and tracheal swabs of poultry from live poultry markets and poultry farms in Shanghai and Anhui Province. Twenty samples were positive for the H7N9 influenza virus. Notably, all 20 viruses were isolated from samples collected from live poultry markets in Shanghai. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the six internal genes of these novel human H7N9 viruses were derived from avian H9N2 viruses, but the ancestor of their HA and NA genes is uncertain. When we examined the phylogenetic relationship between the H7N9 isolates from live poultry markets and the viruses that caused the human infections, we found that they shared high homology across all eight gene segments. We thus identified the direct avian origin of the H7N9 influenza viruses that caused the human infections. Importantly, we observed that the H7N9 viruses isolated from humans had acquired critical mutations that made them more 'human-like'. It is therefore imperative to take strong measures to control the spread of H7N9 viruses in birds and humans to prevent further threats to human health. | SHI JianZhong DENG GuoHua LIU PeiHong ZHOU JinPing GUAN LiZheng LI WenHui LI XuYong GUO Jing WANG GuoJun FAN Jun WANG JinLiang LI YuanYuan JIANG YongPing LIU LiLing TIAN GuoBin LI ChengJun CHEN HuaLan | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，16： | 85 |
| 2 | H7N9 virulent mutants detected in chickens in China pose an increased threat to humans显示文摘 | Jianzhong Shi Guohua Deng Huihui Kong Chunyang Gu Shujie Ma Xin Yin Xianying Zeng Pengfei Cui Yan Chen Huanliang Yang Xiaopeng Wan Xiurong Wang Liling Liu Pucheng Chen Yongping Jiang Jinxiong Liu Yuntao Guan Yasuo Suzuki Mei Li Zhiyuan Qu Lizheng Guan Jinkai Zang Wenli Gu Shuyu Han Yangming Song Yuzhen Hu Zeng Wang Linlin Gu Wenyu Yang Libin Liang Hongmei Bao Guobin Tian Yanbing Li Chuanling Qiao Li Jiang Chengjun Li Zhigao Bu Hualan Chen | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，12： | 70 |
| 3 | Soil carbon pool in China and its global significance显示文摘SoilcarbonpoolinChinaanditsglobalsignificance￥FangJingyun,LiuGuohua,XuSongling(ResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalScience,Chin... | Fang Jingyun, Liu Guohua, Xu Songling(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China) | 1996 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1996，8，2： | 46 |
| 4 | Distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in surface water and sediments from Baiyangdian Lake in North China显示文摘Persistent organochlorine compounds,including hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs),dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analyzed in surface water and sediments from Baiyangdian Lake,North China.Total concentrations of HCHs,DDTs and PCBs in surface water were in the range of 3.13-10.60,4.05-20.59 and 19.46-131.62 ng/L,respectively,and total concentrations of HCHs,DDTs and PCBs in sediments were 1.75-5.70,0.91-6.48 and 5.96-29.61 ng/g dry weight,respectively.Among the groups of HCHs (sum of α-HCH,β-HCH,γ-HCH and δ-HCH) and DDTs (sum of DDT,DDD and DDE),the predominance of β-HCH,DDE and DDD in water and sediment samples was clearly observed.This observation suggested that β-HCH was resistant to biodegradation and the DDTs had been transformed to its metabolites,DDE and DDD.For PCBs,penta-,hexa-and hepta-chlorinated congeners were the most abundant compounds in the both phases.Furthermore,the partitioning of chlorinated compounds between sediment and water was investigated to understand their transport and fates in aquatic ecosystems.The results indicated that average logs of organic carbon-normalized sediment-water partition coefficients (logK'oc) for OCPs varied between 3.20 and 5.53,and for PCBs,logK'oc values ranged from 3.19 to 5.57.The observed logK'oc was lower than their equilibrium logKoc predicted from linear model,which may be attributed to the solubility enhancement effect of colloidal matter in water phase and the disequilibrium between sediment and water. | Guohua Dai Xinhui Liu Gang Liang Xu Han Liu Shi Dengmiao Cheng Wenwen Gong | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，10： | 44 |
| 5 | Erianin,a novel dibenzyl compound in Dendrobium extract,inhibits lung cancer cell growth and migration via calcium/calmodulin-dependent ferroptosis显示文摘Ferroptosis,a novel form of programmed cell death,is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and has been shown to be involved in multiple diseases,including cancer.Stimulating ferroptosis in cancer cells may be a potential strategy for cancer therapy.Therefore,ferroptosis-inducing drugs are attracting more attention for cancer treatment.Here,we showed that erianin,a natural product isolated from Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl,exerted its anticancer activity by inducing cell death and inhibiting cell migration in lung cancer cells.Subsequently,we demonstrated for the first time that erianin induced ferroptotic cell death in lung cancer cells,which was accompanied by ROS accumulation,lipid peroxidation,and GSH depletion.The ferroptosis inhibitors Fer-1 and Lip-1 but not Z-VAD-FMK,CQ,or necrostatin-1 rescued erianin-induced cell death,indicating that ferroptosis contributed to erianin-induced cell death.Furthermore,we demonstrated that Ca^(2+)/CaM signaling was a critical mediator of erianin-induced ferroptosis and that blockade of this signaling significantly rescued cell death induced by erianin treatment by suppressing ferroptosis.Taken together,our data suggest that the natural product erianin exerts its anticancer effects by inducing Ca^(2+)/CaMdependent ferroptosis and inhibiting cell migration,and erianin will hopefully serve as a prospective compound for lung cancer treatment. | Peng Chen Qibiao Wu Jiao Feng Lili Yan Yitian Sun Shuiping Liu Yu Xiang Mingming Zhang Ting Pan Xiaying Chen Ting Duan Lijuan Zhai Bingtao Zhai Wengang Wang Ruonan Zhang Bi Chen Xuemeng Han Yicong Li Liuxi Chen Ying Liu Xingxing Huang Ting Jin Wenzheng Zhang Hong Luo Xiaohui Chen Yongqiang Li Qiujie Li Guohua Li Qin Zhang Lvjia Zhuo Zuyi Yang Huifen Tang Tian Xie Xiaoping Ouyang Xinbing Sui | 2020 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2020，5，1： | 42 |
| 6 | Efficacy and safety of a novel anti-HER2 therapeutic antibody RC48 in patients with HER2-overexpressing,locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer:a single-arm phase II study显示文摘Background:Current treatment options for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-overexpressing gastric cancer at third-line have shown limited clinical benefit.Further,there is no specific treatment for HER2 immunohistochemistry(IHC)2+and fluorescence in-situ hybridization-negative patients.Here,we report the efficacy and safety of a novel anti-HER2 antibody RC48 for patients with HER2-overexpressing,advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer.Methods:Patients with HER2-overexpressing(IHC 2+or 3+),locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer who were under at least second-line therapy were eligible and received RC482.5 mg/kg alone every 2 weeks.The primary endpoint was the objective response rate(ORR)assessed by an independent review committee.Secondary endpoints included progressionfree survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),duration of response,time to progression,disease control rate,and safety.Results:Of 179 patients screened,125 were eligible and received RC48 treatment.The ORR was 24.8%(95%confidence interval[CI]:17.5%-33.3%).The median PFS and OS were 4.1 months(95%CI:3.7-4.9 months)and 7.9 months(95%CI:6.7-9.9 months),respectively.The most frequently reported adverse events were decreased white blood cell count(53.6%),asthenia(53.6%),hair loss(53.6%),decreased neutrophil count(52.0%),anemia(49.6%),and increased aspartate aminotransferase level(43.2%).Serious adverse events(SAEs)occurred in 45(36.0%)patients,and RC48-related SAEs were mainly decreased neutrophil count(3.2%).Seven patients had adverse events that led to death were not RC48-related.Conclusions:RC48 showed promising activity with manageable safety,suggesting potential application in patients with HER2-overexpressing,advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer who have previously received at least two lines of chemotherapy. | Zhi Peng Tianshu Liu Jia Wei Airong Wang Yifu He Liuzhong Yang Xizhi Zhang Nanfeng Fan Suxia Luo Zhen Li Kangsheng Gu Jianwei Lu Jianming Xu Qingxia Fan Ruihua Xu Liangming Zhang Enxiao Li Yuping Sun Guohua Yu Chunmei Bai Yong Liu Jiangzheng Zeng Jieer Ying Xinjun Liang Nong Xu Chao Gao Yongqian Shu Dong Ma Guanghai Dai Shengmian Li Ting Deng Yuehong Cui Jianmin Fang Yi Ba Lin Shen | 2021 | Cancer Communications2021，41，11： | 29 |
| 7 | Genome survey uncovers the secrets of sex and lifestyle in caterpillar fungus显示文摘The caterpillar fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (best known as Cordyceps sinensis) mummifies ghost moth larvae exclusively in Tibetan Plateau alpine ecosystems. Touted as 'Himalayan Viagra', the fungus is highly prized due to its medical benefits and dwindling supplies. Attempts to culture the sexual fruiting-body have failed and the huge market demand has led to severe devastation of local ecosystems and to the fungus heading towards extinction. By genome sequencing, we establish that unlike related insect pathogens O. sinensis contains two compatible mating-type genes in its genome and is self-fertile, i.e. homothallic. However, sexual processes are only initiated under native environmental conditions. O. sinensis resembles biotrophic plant pathogens in having a genome shaped by retrotransposon-driven expansions. The resulting changes in gene content suggest that O. sinensis has a biphasic pathogenic mechanism beginning with stealth pathogenesis in early host instars. O. sinensis is the first psychrophilic fungus sequenced and is adapted to extreme cold with putative antifreeze proteins and mechanisms for increasing lipid accumulation and fatty acid unsaturation. We hypothesize that for the inbreeding O. sinensis the massive proliferation of retrotransposons provides a tradeoff between the advantages of increased genetic variation independent of sexual recombination and deletion of genes dispensable for its specialized pathogenic lifestyle. | HU Xiao ZHANG YongJie XIAO GuoHua ZHENG Peng XIA YongLiang ZHANG XingYu ST LEGER Raymond J LIU XingZhong WANG ChengShu | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，23： | 26 |
| 8 | Epidemiology of urolithiasis in Asia显示文摘In Asia,about 1%-19.1% of the population suffer fromurolithiasis.However,due to variations in socio-economic status and geographic locations,the prevalence and incidence have changed in different countries or regions over the years.The research for risk factors of urinary tract stones is of predominant importance.In this review,we find the prevalence of urolithiasis is 5%-19.1% in West Asia,Southeast Asia,South Asia,aswellas somedevelopedcountries(SouthKorea and Japan),whereas,it is only 1%e8%inmost part of East Asia and North Asia.The recurrence rate ranges from 21% to 53% after 3e5 years.Calciumoxalate(75%-90%)is themost frequent component of calculi,followed by uric acid(5%-20%),calciumphosphate(6%-13%),struvite(2%-15%),apatite(1%)and cystine(0.5%-1%).The incidence of urolithiasis reaches its peak in population agedover 30 years.Males aremore likely to suffer fromurinary calculi.Because of different dietary habits or genetic background,differences of prevalence among races or nationalities also exist.Geneticmutation of specific locus may contribute to the formation of different kinds of calculi.Dietary habits(westernized dietary habits and less fluid intake),as well as climatic factors(hot temperature andmany hours of exposure to sunshine)play a crucial role in the development of stones.Other diseases,especially metabolic syndrome,may also contribute to urinary tract stones. | Yu Liu Yuntian Chen Banghua Liao Deyi Luo Kunjie Wang Hong Li Guohua Zeng | 2018 | Asian Journal of Urology2018，5，4： | 24 |
| 9 | FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING OF COMPLEX 3D STATIC AND DYNAMIC CRACK PROPAGATION BY EMBEDDING COHESIVE ELEMENTS IN ABAQUS显示文摘This study proposes an algorithm of embedding cohesive elements in Abaqus and develops the computer code to model 3D complex crack propagation in quasi-brittle materials in a relatively easy and efficient manner.The cohesive elements with softening traction-separation relations and damage initiation and evolution laws are embedded between solid elements in regions of interest in the initial mesh to model potential cracks.The initial mesh can consist of tetrahedrons,wedges,bricks or a mixture of these elements.Neither remeshing nor objective crack propagation criteria are needed.Four examples of concrete specimens,including a wedge-splitting test,a notched beam under torsion,a pull-out test of an anchored cylinder and a notched beam under impact,were modelled and analysed.The simulated crack propagation processes and load-displacement curves agreed well with test results or other numerical simulations for all the examples using initial meshes with reasonable densities.Making use of Abaqus's rich pre/post-processing functionalities and powerful standard/explicit solvers,the developed method offers a practical tool for engineering analysts to model complex 3D fracture problems. | Xiangting Su Zhenjun Yang Guohua Liu | 2010 | Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica2010，23，3： | 23 |
| 10 | Hydrogen sulfide induced by nitric oxide mediates ethylene-induced stomatal closure of Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘Pharmacological, laser scanning confocal microscopic (LSCM), real-time PCR and spectrophotographic approaches are used to study the roles of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) in signaling transduction of stomatal movement response to ethylene in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the present study, inhibitors of H2S synthesis were found to block ethylene-induced stomatal closure of Arabidopsis. Treatment with ethylene induced H2S generation and increased L-/D-cysteine desulfhydrase (pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent enzyme) activity in leaves. Quantitative PCR analysis showed AtL-CDes and AtD-CDes transcripts were induced by ethylene. It is suggested that ethylene-induced H2S levels and L-/D-cysteine desulfhydrase activity decreased when NO was compromised. The data clearly show that ethylene was able to induce H2S generation and stomatal closure in Atnoa1 plants, but failed in the Atnia1,nia2 mutant. Inhibitors of H2S synthesis had no effect on ethylene-induced NO accumulation and nitrate reductase (NR) activity in guard cells or leaves of Arabidopsis, whereas ethylene was able to induce NO synthesis. Therefore, we conclude that H2S and NO are involved in the signal transduction pathway of ethylene-induced stomatal closure. In Arabidopsis, H2S may represent a novel downstream indicator of NO during ethylene-induced stomatal movement. | LIU Jing HOU LiXia LIU GuoHua LIU Xin WANG XueChen | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，33： | 23 |
| 11 | Soil pH determines fungal diversity along an elevation gradient in Southwestern China显示文摘Fungi play important roles in ecosystem processes, and the elevational pattern of fungal diversity is still unclear. Here, we examined the diversity of fungi along a 1,000 m elevation gradient on Mount Nadu, Southwestern China. We used MiSeq sequencing to obtain fungal sequences that were clustered into operational taxonomic units(OTUs) and to measure the fungal composition and diversity. Though the species richness and phylogenetic diversity of the fungal community did not exhibit significant trends with increasing altitude, they were significantly lower at mid-altitudinal sites than at the base. The Bray-Curtis distance clustering also showed that the fungal communities varied significantly with altitude. A distance-based linear model multivariate analysis(DistLM) identified that soil pH dominated the explanatory power of the species richness(23.72%),phylogenetic diversity(24.25%) and beta diversity(28.10%) of the fungal community. Moreover, the species richness and phylogenetic diversity of the fungal community increased linearly with increasing soil pH(P<0.05). Our study provides evidence that pH is an important predictor of soil fungal diversity along elevation gradients in Southwestern China. | Dan Liu Guohua Liu Li Chen Juntao Wang Limei Zhang | 2018 | Science China(Life Sciences)2018，61，6： | 21 |
| 12 | Effect of Y and Gd content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Y-RE alloys显示文摘In the application of WE43,it is found that Y_(2)O_(3)inclusion formed in the process of casting seriously reduced the mechanical properties of the products.The reduction of the mechanical properties is even more distinct when it comes to the application in the thin walled complex-precision castings.In order to decrease the Y_(2)O_(3)inclusions,Gd element was used to replace part of the Y element in Mg-Y-RE series alloys.The effect of Y content(Mg-x Y-1Gd-2Nd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr)and Y/Gd ratio(Mg-x Y-(5-x)Gd-2Nd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr)on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Y-RE alloys were investigated in this paper.With decreasing Y content,the grain size of the alloys increased,both ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and yield strength(YS)of alloys decreased monotonically.Replacing part of Y content with Gd and keeping the total rare earth content unchanged,the low Y content Mg-2Y-3Gd-2Nd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr alloy showed the same mechanical properties as the high Y content Mg-4Y-1Gd-2Nd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr alloy at both room and elevated temperatures.After solution treatment at 525°C for 8 h and aging treatment at 225°C for 10 h,the UTS,YS and elongation(ε)of Mg-2Y-3Gd-2Nd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr alloy reached 281.7 MPa,198 MPa and 11.1%at room temperature,and 216.7 MPa,171.6 MPa and 16.1%at 250°C.The new low Y content Mg-2Y-2Nd-3Gd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr alloy is expected to replace the high Y content WE43 alloys,which can be used in the complex thin-walled parts of aviation products. | Kang Luo Liang Zhang Guohua Wu Wencai Liu Wenjiang Ding | 2019 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2019，7，2： | 20 |
| 13 | Carbon budgets of three temperate forest ecosystems in Dongling Mt.,Beijing,China显示文摘There is a general agreement that forest ecosystems in the Northern Hemisphere function as signifi-cant sinks for atmospheric CO2; however, their magnitude and distribution remain large uncertainties. In this paper, we report the carbon (C) stock and its change of vegetation, forest floor detritus, and mineral soil, annual net biomass increment and litterfall production, and respiration of vegetation and soils between 1992 to 1994, for three temperate forest ecosystems, birch (Betula platyphylla) forest, oak (Quercus liaotungensis) forest and pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) plantation in Mt. Dongling, Beijing, China. We then evaluate the C budgets of these forest ecosystems. Our results indicated that total C density (organic C per hectare) of these forests ranged from 250 to 300 t C ha-1, of which 35―54 t C ha-1 from vegetation biomass C and 209―244 t C ha-1 from soil organic C (1 m depth, including forest floor detritus). Biomass C of all three forests showed a net increase, with 1.33―3.55 t C ha-1 a-1 during the study period. Litterfall production, vegetation autotrophic respiration, and soil heterotrophic respira-tion were estimated at 1.63―2.34, 2.19―6.93, and 1.81―3.49 t C ha-1 a-1, respectively. Ecosystem gross primary production fluctuated between 5.39 and 12.82 t C ha-1 a-1, about half of which (46%―59%, 3.20―5.89 t C ha-1 a-1) was converted to net primary production. Our results suggested that pine forest fixed C of 4.08 t ha-1 a-1, whereas secondary forests (birch and oak forest) were nearly in balance in CO2 exchange between the atmosphere and ecosystems. | FANG JingYun LIU GuoHua ZHU Biao WANG XiaoKe LIU ShaoHui | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，1： | 17 |
| 14 | Vegetation Traits and Soil Properties in Response to Utilization Patterns of Grassland in Hulun Buir City, Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘Numerous studies have focused on vegetation traits and soil properties in grassland, few of which concerned about effects of human utilization patterns on grassland yet. Thus, this study hypothesized that human disturbance(e.g., grazing, mowing and fencing) triggered significant variation of biomass partitioning and carbon reallocation. Besides, there existed some differences of species diversity and soil fertility. To address these hypotheses of grassland with diverse utilization patterns in Hulun Buir City, Inner Mongolia, China, we sampled in situ about aboveground biomass(AGB) and belowground biomass(BGB) to evaluate their biomass allocation. Species diversity and soil properties were also investigated. Subsequently, we discussed the relationship of species diversity with environmental conditions, using data collected from 23 sites during the ecological project period of Returning Grazing Lands to Grasslands(RGLG) program. The results were as follows: 1) both AGB and BGB were lower on grazing regime than those on fencing and mowing, but the ratio of root-to-shoot(R/S) was higher on grazing regime than the other two utilization patterns; 2) neither of evenness and Simpson Index was different significantly among all grassland utilization patterns in desert, typical, and meadow grassland at 0.05. In meadow grassland, species richness of fencing pattern was significantly higher than that of grazing pattern(p < 0.05); 3) both of soil organic carbon content and soil available phosphorous content were increased significantly on fencing pattern than grazing pattern(p < 0.05) in desert grassland, and mowing patterns increased the soil nutrients(soil organic carbon, soil total phosphorous, soil available phosphorous, and soil total nitrogen) significantly compared with grazing patterns(p < 0.05) in typical grassland. However, there were no significant differences among utilization patterns in meadow grassland. In conclusion, both of AGB and BGB were increased significantly by fencing. Moreover, species diversity and soil nutrients can be promoted via mowing and fencing. This study suggested that implementation of Ecological Project played a positive role in sustainable grassland utilization of Hulun Buir City and a strong positive influence on the entire temperate grassland. | LIU Miao LIU Guohua WU Xing WANG Hao CHEN Li | 2014 | Chinese Geographical Science2014，24，4： | 14 |
| 15 | Impacts of Climate Change on Net Primary Productivity in Arid and Semiarid Regions of China显示文摘In recent years, with the constant change in the global climate, the effect of climate factors on net primary productivity(NPP) has become a hot research topic. However, two opposing views have been presented in this research area: global NPP increases with global warming, and global NPP decreases with global warming. The main reasons for these two opposite results are the tremendous differences among seasonal and annual climate variables, and the growth of plants in accordance with these climate variables. Therefore, it will fail to fully clarify the relation between vegetation growth and climate changes by research that relies solely on annual data. With seasonal climate variables, we may clarify the relation between vegetation growth and climate changes more accurately. Our research examined the arid and semiarid areas in China(ASAC), which account for one quarter of the total area of China. The ecological environment of these areas is fragile and easily affected by human activities. We analyzed the influence of climate changes, especially the changes in seasonal climate variables, on NPP, with Climatic Research Unit(CRU) climatic data and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) satellite remote data, for the years 2000–2010. The results indicate that: for annual climatic data, the percentage of the ASAC in which NPP is positively correlated with temperature is 66.11%, and 91.47% of the ASAC demonstrates a positive correlation between NPP and precipitation. Precipitation is more positively correlated with NPP than temperature in the ASAC. For seasonal climatic data, the correlation between NPP and spring temperature shows significant regional differences. Positive correlation areas are concentrated in the eastern portion of the ASAC, while the western section of the ASAC generally shows a negative correlation. However, in summer, most areas in the ASAC show a negative correlation between NPP and temperature. In autumn, precipitation is less important in the west, as opposed to the east, in which it is critically important. Temperatures in winter are a limiting factor for NPP throughout the region. The findings of this research not only underline the importance of seasonal climate variables for vegetation growth, but also suggest that the effects of seasonal climate variables on NPP should be explored further in related research in the future. | WANG Hao LIU Guohua LI Zongshan YE Xin WANG Meng GONG Li | 2016 | Chinese Geographical Science2016，26，1： | 14 |
| 16 | The role of maize root size in phosphorus uptake and productivity of maize/faba bean and maize/wheat intercropping systems显示文摘Interspecific root/rhizosphere interactions affect phosphorus (P) uptake and the productivity of maize/faba bean and maize/wheat intercropping systems. The aim of these experiments was to determine whether manipulation of maize root growth could improve the productivity of the two intercropping systems. Two near isogenic maize hybrids (the larger-rooted T149 and smaller-rooted T222) were intercropped with faba bean and wheat, under conditions of high- and low-P availability. The larger-rooted T149 showed greater competitive ability than the smaller-rooted T222 in both maize/faba bean and maize/wheat intercropping systems. The higher competitive ability of T149 improved the productivity of the maize/faba bean intercropping system in P-sufficient conditions. In maize/wheat intercropping systems, root growth, shoot biomass, and P uptake of maize were inhibited by wheat, regardless of the P-supply. Compared with T222, the larger-rooted T149 suffered less in the intercropping systems. The total biomass of the maize/wheat intercropping system was higher for wheat/T149 than for wheat/T222 under low-P conditions. These data suggested that genetic improvement of maize root size could enhance maize growth and its ability to compete for P resources in maize/faba bean and maize/wheat intercropping systems. In addition, depending on the P availability, larger maize roots could increase the productivity of intercropping systems. | ZHANG YiKai CHEN FanJun LI Long CHEN YanHua LIU BingRan ZHOU YuLing YUAN LiXing ZHANG FuSuo MI GuoHua | 2012 | Science China(Life Sciences)2012，55，11： | 13 |
| 17 | Genetic and biological characteristics of the globally circulating H5N8 avian influenza viruses and the protective efficacy offered by the poultry vaccine currently used in China显示文摘The H5N8 avian influenza viruses have been widely circulating in wild birds and are responsible for the loss of over 33 million domestic poultry in Europe, Russia, Middle East, and Asia since January 2020. To monitor the invasion and spread of the H5N8 virus in China, we performed active surveillance by analyzing 317 wild bird samples and swab samples collected from 41,172 poultry all over the country. We isolated 22 H5N8 viruses from wild birds and 14 H5N8 viruses from waterfowls. Genetic analysis indicated that the 36 viruses formed two different genotypes: one genotype viruses were widely detected from different wild birds and domestic waterfowls;the other genotype was isolated from a whopper swan. We further revealed the origin and spatiotemporal spread of these two distinct H5N8 virus genotypes in 2020 and 2021. Animal studies indicated that the H5N8 isolates are highly pathogenic to chickens, mildly pathogenic in ducks, but have distinct pathotypes in mice. Moreover, we found that vaccinated poultry in China could be completely protected against H5N8 virus challenge. Given that the H5N8 viruses are likely to continue to spread in wild birds, vaccination of poultry is highly recommended in high-risk countries to prevent H5N8 avian influenza. | Pengfei Cui Xianying Zeng Xuyong Li Yanbing Li Jianzhong Shi Conghui Zhao Zhiyuan Qu Yanwen Wang Jing Guo Wenli Gu Qi Ma Yuancheng Zhang Weipeng Lin Minghui Li Jingman Tian Dongxue Wang Xin Xing Yanjing Liu Shuxin Pan Yaping Zhang Hongmei Bao Liling Liu Guobin Tian Chengjun Li Guohua Deng Hualan Chen | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，4： | 12 |
| 18 | Estimation of the Effects of Maize Straw Return on Soil Carbon and Nutrients Using Response Surface Methodology显示文摘Straw incorporation is generally considered an effective agricultural management practice that improves nutrient cycling and maintains soil fertility. To study the interactive effects of straw returning factors on soil organic carbon and available nutrients, a17-month(May 6, 2016 to October 6, 2017) experiment was conducted on straw incorporation by using response surface methodology under a three-factor(straw length, amount, and burying depth), five-level quadratic orthogonal rotation experimental design. Weight was assigned to each indicator for soil carbon and nutrients and then a comprehensive indicator was established. Then, a second-order polynomial model of the three straw returning factors was established using response surface methodology. Results indicated that17 months after straw incorporation, straw amount and burying depth had significant effects on the comprehensive indicator of soil carbon and nutrients. Straw length and the interactions of straw amount and burying depth showed no significant effects on the comprehensive indicator of soil carbon and nutrients. It was concluded that 17 months after straw incorporation, the highest value of the comprehensive indicator of soil carbon and nutrients was achieved when the straw length, amount, and burying depth were approximately 17–20 cm, 740–840 g m^(-2), and 9–13 cm, respectively, which can be recommended as the most suitable parameters for use in straw returning in the study area. | ZHOU Dongxing SU Ye NING Yucui RONG Guohua WANG Guangdong LIU Di LIU Liyan | 2018 | Pedosphere2018，28，3： | 12 |
| 19 | Elevated expression of mature miR-21 and miR-155 in cancerous gastric tissues from Chinese patients with gastric cancer显示文摘Objective:MicroRNA (miRNA) expression is deregulated in many types of human cancers.We sought to investigate the expression patterns of the miRNAs,miR-21,miR-145 and miR-155 in sporadic gastric cancer in a Chinese population.Methods:Total RNA was extracted from archived gastric cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues from 20 pairs of paraffin-embedded specimens.Expression levels of miR-21,miR- 145 and miR-155 were detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR using a specific stem-loop primer,with U6 as the internal reference gene.Results:The expression of miR-21 and miR-155 in gastric cancer samples was significantly higher than in paired non-cancerous samples(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in expression levels of miR-145 between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues(P>0.05).Conclusion:In Chinese sporadic gastric cancer tissues,the expressions of the oncogenic miR-21 and miR-155 were significantly up-regulated,while the expression of the tumor suppressor miR-145 was decreased,although this decrease was not statistically significant.Thus there is specificity in the miRNA expression pattern in gastric cancers in the Chinese population. | Li Liu Qi Chen Rensheng Lai Xiaobin Wu Xiaoyu Wu Fukun Liu Guohua Xu Yong Ji | 2010 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2010，24，3： | 11 |
| 20 | Ethylene-induced nitric oxide production and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana depending on changes in cytosolic pH显示文摘We investigated changes in cytosolic pH and nitric oxide (NO) during ethylene-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana using pharmacological, laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), and spectrophotography techniques. Treatment with ethephon (a direct source of ethylene when applied to plants) and 1-aminocycloaminopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC, an ethylene precursor) resulted in a rapid accumulation of NO and cytosolic alkalinization in guard cells. Acetic acid (a weak acid) and sodium orthovanadate (NaVO3; a plasmalemma H+-ATPase inhibitor) reduced stomatal closure induced by ethylene and blocked ethylene-induced activity of nitrate reductase. However, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), a NO scavenger, had no effect. These results suggest that NO production is downstream of the rise in cytosolic pH in A. thaliana. | LIU Jing LIU GuoHua HOU LiXia LIU Xin | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，22： | 11 |
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