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| 1 | Consequences of bullying victimization in childhood and adolescence:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal evidence.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using Pub Med, EMBASE, ERIC and Psyc INFO electronic databases up to 28 February 2015. The study included published longitudinal and cross-sectional articles that examined health and psychosocial consequences of bullying victimization. All meta-analyses were based on qualityeffects models. Evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria and the grading system developed by the World Cancer Research Fund.RESULTS Out of 317 articles assessed for eligibility, 165 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for meta-analysis.Statistically significant associations were observed between bullying victimization and a wide range of adverse health and psychosocial problems. The evidence was strongest for causal associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, poor general health and suicidal ideation and behaviours. Probable causal associations existed between bullying victimization and tobacco and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION Strong evidence exists for a causal relationship between bullying victimization, mental health problems and substance use. Evidence also exists for associations between bullying victimization and other adverse health and psychosocial problems, however, there is insufficient evidence to conclude causality. The strong evidence that bullying victimization is causative of mental illness highlights the need for schools to implement effective interventions to address bullying behaviours. | Sophie E Moore Rosana E Norman Shuichi Suetani Hannah J Thomas Peter D Sly James G Scott | 2017 | World Journal of Psychiatry2017，7，1： | 12 |
| 2 | Tight junction disruption: Helicobacter pylori and dysregulation of the gastric mucosal barrier显示文摘Long-term chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a risk factor for gastric cancer development. In the multi-step process that leads to gastric cancer,tight junction dysfunction is thought to occur and serve as a risk factor by permitting the permeation of luminal contents across an otherwise tight mucosa. Mechanisms that regulate tight junction function and structure in the normal stomach,or dysfunction in the infected stomach,however,are largely unknown. Although conventional tight junction components are expressed in gastric epithelial cells,claudins regulate paracellular permeability and are likely the target of inflammation or H. pylori itself. There are 27 different claudin molecules,each with unique properties that render the mucosa an intact barrier that is permselective in a way that is consistent with cell physiology. Understanding the architecture of tight junctions in the normal stomach and then changes that occur during infection is important but challenging,because most of the reports that catalog claudin expression in gastric cancer pathogenesis are contradictory. Furthermore,the role of H. pylori virulence factors,such as cytotoxin-associated gene A and vacoulating cytotoxin,in regulating tight junction dysfunction during infection is inconsistent in different gastric cell lines and in vivo,likely because non-gastric epithelial cell cultures were initially used to unravel the details of their effects on the stomach. Hampering further study,as well,is the relative lack of cultured cell models that have tight junction claudins that are consistent with native tissues. This summary will review the current state of knowledge about gastric tight junctions,normally and in H. pylori infection,and make predictions about the consequences of claudin reorganization during H. pylori infection. | Tyler J Caron Kathleen E Scott James G Fox Susan J Hagen | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，40： | 7 |
| 3 | Silvicultural alternatives to conventional even-aged forest man-agement-what limits global adoption?显示文摘Background: The development of forestry as a scientific and management discipline over the last two centuries has mainly emphasized intensive management operations focused on increased commodity production, mostly wood. This 'conventional' forest management approach has typically favored production of even-aged, single-species stands. While alternative management regimes have generally received less attention, this has been changing over the last three decades, especially in countries with developed economies. Reasons for this change include a combination of new information and concerns about the ecological consequences of intensive forestry practices and a willingness on the part of many forest owners and society to embrace a wider set of management objectives. Alternative silvicultural approaches are characterized by a set of fundamental principles, including avoidance of clearcutting, an emphasis on structural diversity and small-scale variability, deployment of mixed species with natural regeneration,and avoidance of intensive site-preparation methods.Methods: Our compilation of the authors' experiences and perspectives from various parts of the world aims to initiate a larger discussion concerning the constraints to and the potential of adopting alternative silvicultural practices.Results: The results suggest that a wider adoption of alternative silvicultural practices is currently hindered by a suite of ecological, economic, logistical, informational, cultural, and historical constraints. Individual contexts display their own unique combinations and relative significance of these constraints, and accordingly, targeted efforts, such as regulations and incentives, may help to overcome specific challenges.Conclusions: In a broader context, we propose that less emphases on strict applications of principles and on stand structures might provide additional flexibility and facilitate the adoption of alternative silvicultural regimes in a broader set of circumstances. At the same time, the acceptance of alternative silvicultural systems as the 'preferred or default mode of management' wil necessitate and benefit from the continued development of the scientific basis and valuation of a variety of ecosystem goods and services. This publication is aimed to further the discussion in this context. | Klaus J Puettmann Scott McG Wilson Susan C Baker Pablo J Donoso Lars Dr?ssler Girma Amente Brian D Harvey Thomas Knoke Yuanchang Lu Susanna Nocentini Francis E Putz Toshiya Yoshida Jürgen Bauhus | 2015 | Forest Ecosystems2015，2，2： | 4 |
| 4 | Acquired mutation of the tyrosine kinase JAK2 in human myeloproliferative disorders显示文摘 | E Joanna Baxter Linda M Scott Peter J Campbell Clare East Nasios Fourouclas Soheila Swanton George S Vassiliou Anthony J Bench Elaine M Boyd Natasha Curtin Mike A Scott Wendy N Erber Anthony R Green | 2005 | The Lancet . 2005 (9464)2005，，： | 2 |
| 5 | Whole brain radiation therapy with or without stereotactic radiosurgery boost for patients with one to three brain metastases: phase III results of the RTOG 9508 randomised trial显示文摘 | David W Andrews Charles B Scott Paul W Sperduto Adam E Flanders Laurie E Gaspar Michael C Schell Maria Werner-Wasik William Demas Janice Ryu Jean-Paul Bahary Luis Souhami Marvin Rotman Minesh P Mehta Walter J Curran | 2004 | The Lancet . 2004 (9422)2004，，9422： | 2 |
| 6 | Pancreatic cancer显示文摘 | Theresa Pluth Yeo Ralph H Hruban Steven D Leach Robb E Wilentz Taylor A Sohn Scott E Kern Christine A Iacobuzio-Donahue Anirban Maitra Michael Goggins Marcia I Canto Ross A Abrams Daniel Laheru Elizabeth M Jaffee Manuel Hidalgo Charles J Yeo | 2002 | Current Problems in Cancer2002，，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Intravaginal and intrarectal screening of antimitotic drugs for topical effectiveness 显示文摘 | Van Scott E J Bonder RH | 1971 | J Invest Dermatol1971，56，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on host immune response in chronic persistent tuberculosis: possible role for limiting pathology显示文摘 | Mohan VP Scanga CA Yu K Scott HM Tanaka KE Tsang E Tsai MM Flynn JL Chan J | 2001 | Infect Immune2001，69，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Competency- Based Education and Training in Psychology 显示文摘 | SCOTT W SUMERALL SHANE J LOPEZ MARY E OEHLERT | | Charles C Thomas Publisher0，1415，： | 1 |
| 10 | Mechanical Properties of Tension Leveled and Skin Passed Steels显示文摘 | Hnggan E J Scott R I Bamett M R | 2002 | Journal of Material Processing Technology2002，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Nucleotide sequence, polymorphism, and evolution of ovine MHC class Ⅱ DQA genes 显示文摘 | Scott P C Gogolin-Ewens K J Adams T E | 1991 | Immunogenetics1991，34，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Cognitive-behavioural therapy for severe and recurrent bipolar disorders: randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Scott J Paykel E Morriss R | 2006 | Br J Psychiatry2006，188，： | 1 |
| 13 | Isolation and immunization studies of a canine paro-like virus from dogs with haemorrhagic enteritis显示文摘 | APPEL M J SCOTT F W CARMICHAEL L E | 1979 | Vet Rec1979，105，8： | 1 |
| 14 | Cesarean delivery for fetal distress: Rate and risk factors 显示文摘 | CHAUHAN S P MAGANN E F SCOTT J R | 2003 | Obstet Gynecol Surv2003，58，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Vitellogenesis as a biomarker of reproductive disruption by xenobiotics显示文摘 | Nash J P Scott A P | 1999 | Aquaculture1999，177，： | 1 |
| 16 | On models for the operation of a class of electronic marketplaces 显示文摘 | Scott C H Scott J E | 2004 | Omega2004，，32： | 1 |
| 17 | Stem-like cells in bone sarcomas: implications for tumorigenesis显示文摘 | Gibbs C P Kukekov V G Reith J D Tchigrinova O Suslov O N Scott E W | 2005 | Neoplasia2005，7，： | 1 |
| 18 | Maize yield losses caused by southern corn rust显示文摘 | Rodrigues-Ardon R Scott G E Hennen J F | 1980 | Crop Sci1980，20，： | 1 |
| 19 | Parthenarpy in tomato 显示文摘 | George W L Scott J W Splittstoesser W E | 1984 | Horticultural Reviews1984，6，： | 1 |
| 20 | Consistent estinates based on partially consistent observations显示文摘 | Neyman J Scott E | 1948 | Economet- rica1948，16，： | 1 |
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