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| 1 | 弹性带锁髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗锁骨中段骨折的疗效比较显示文摘目的比较弹性带锁髓内钉与解剖型锁定钢板治疗锁骨中段骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年12月手术治疗47例锁骨骨折患者资料。其中23例采用弹性带锁髓内钉固定(髓内钉组),男14例,女9例;年龄19~85岁,平均55.26岁;左侧14例,右侧9例;根据AO/OTA分型,2A型6例,2B型17例。24例采用解剖型锁定钢板固定(钢板组),男18例,女6例;年龄15~71岁,平均51.25岁;左侧16例,右侧8例;根据AO/OTA分型,2A型9例,2B型15例。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、皮肤切口长度、骨折愈合时间、内固定取出时间、Constant-Murley肩关节评分、臂肩手功能障碍(disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand, DASH)评分以及并发症等。结果47例患者均顺利完成手术。两组患者均获得随访,髓内钉组随访时间14~23周,平均19.35周;钢板组随访时间28~76周,平均53.13周。髓内钉组手术时间(20.78±7.71)min、术中出血量(13.26±9.72)ml、切口长度(1.57±1.24)cm、骨折愈合时间(10.39±2.39)周、内固定取出时间(13.17±2.37)周、Constant-Murley肩关节评分(99.09±1.86)分、DASH评分(1.20±2.47)分;钢板组手术时间(57.79±11.56)min、术中出血量(69.17±46.24)ml、切口长度(9.67±2.90)cm、骨折愈合时间(14.21±4.05)周、内固定取出时间(47.38±10.46)周、Constant-Murley肩关节评分(98.00±2.17)分、DASH评分(0.89±1.65)分。与钢板组比较,髓内钉组手术时间短(t=12.856,P=0.000)、术中出血量少(t=5.791,P=0.000)、切口长度明显短(t=12.549,P=0.000)、骨折愈合时间短(t=3.566,P=0.002)、内固定取出时间明显早(t=15.603,P=0.000);以上各指标比较差异均有统计学意义。髓内钉组和钢板组Constant-Murley肩关节评分[(99.09±1.86)分和(98.00±2.17)分]、DASH评分[(1.20±2.47)分和(0.89±1.65)分]比较差异无统计学意义。术后3~6周,髓内钉组6例发生尾端皮肤刺激及滑囊炎,经换药及取内固定后症状消失。钢板组延迟愈合2例,经延长观察,分别至24、27周愈合;感染1例,经切开引流及敏感抗生素应用后治愈;皮肤愈合不良1例,经换药治疗后切口愈合;皮肤刺激症状2例,取内固定后症状消失。结论弹性带锁髓内钉与解剖型锁定钢板均是治疗锁骨中段骨折的有效手术方式,均可取得良好临床效果。髓内钉组具有微创、骨折愈合快、取内固定时间短、体表美观、费用低等优势。但髓内钉组也存在尾端皮肤刺激及临时滑囊炎的发生。 | 赵志辉 陈居文 王永清 任亮 毕红宾 李毅 Kifayat Ullah Basanta Sapkota | 2019 | 中华骨科杂志2019，39，16： | 59 |
| 2 | 髓内钉治疗胫骨近端骨折:解剖学、生物力学及钉的设计原理显示文摘背景:因为胫骨近端解剖结构的特殊性,使用髓内钉作为内固定器械治疗时存在一定困难,早期报道并发症发生率较高。随着胫骨髓内钉结构设计的不断进步,以及髓内钉固定技术的不断发展,临床报道应用该技术治疗的优良率也在逐渐增高,使用髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨近端骨折有逐渐增多的趋势。目的:对髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨近端骨折的最新进展进行综述。方法:以'proximal tibial fracture','intramedullary nail','胫骨近端骨折','髓内钉内固定'为关键词。在Pub Med、Web of science、万方、中国知网等数据库进行检索,共查阅文献742篇,通过阅读文献题目及摘要,判断是否与胫骨近端骨折髓内钉内固定有关,排除文献685篇,最终纳入57篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:(1)胫骨近端解剖结构不同于胫骨干,受传统髓内钉固定技术及髓内钉结构的限制,当其用于治疗胫骨近端骨折时并发症发生率较高;(2)髓内钉治疗技术不断发展,新型髓内钉出现,增加了近端锁钉,并改进锁钉的位置和方向,对近端骨折块的把持力更强;(3)联合钢板固定、Poller钉的应用、入路的改进等髓内钉固定技术的发展,也增加了该技术对胫骨近端骨折固定的强度;(4)经多项生物力学测试,表现优于其他内固定方式,且临床应用中体现出了髓内钉固定技术的创伤小、血运破坏少、固定牢固、术后早期活动、骨折愈合时间短等优势,尤其对于胫骨近端骨折合并胫骨干骨折,近端软组织损伤重的患者,更加适合;(5)但在临床应用该技术时,术者必须对胫骨近端解剖特点有足够的了解,并能熟练掌握髓内钉技术及各种辅助技术,才能够取得满意的临床疗效。 | 赵志辉 任琳慧 李毅 卢锋成 Kifayat Ullah Basanta Sapkota 王永清 | 2018 | 中国组织工程研究2018，22，7： | 20 |
| 3 | Species diversity and regeneration of old-growth seasonally dry Shorea robusta forests following gap formation显示文摘木质的种类的差异和新生在二生态的壁龛 viz 被调查。在旧生长的季节联盟者的差距和未经触动的植被弄干 Shorea 柔韧一(Gaertn。f.) 在尼泊尔的森林。我们也联系了差异措施和新生属性的变化到差距特征。树和灌木部件的茎密度比在未经触动的植被在差距是更高的。S 的幼苗密度。柔韧 and Terminalia alata (B。Heyne 前 Roth ) 比在未经触动的植被在差距是更高的,当矛盾的结果为 T 被观察时。bellirica (Gaertn。前 Roxb ) 并且 Syzigium 枯茗 i (L。Skeels ) 以幼苗密度。在幼苗层的 Simpson 索引,平均索引,和种类个人比率的补充比未经触动的植被在差距是更低的。差距尺寸能解释种类丰富和种类建立率。在不同的年里到多重树下降创造的差距有 S 的更高的幼苗密度。柔韧 a 比单个或多重的树创造的差距掉在一样的年里。在结论,差距由增加柳安森林的幼苗密度,和帮助新生维持种类差异。除了差距尺寸,另外的差距属性也影响种类差异和新生。 | Indra Prasad Sapkota Mulualem Tigabu Per Christer Oden | 2009 | Journal of Forestry Research2009，20，1： | 14 |
| 4 | 弹性髓内钉内固定与钢板内固定治疗儿童尺桡骨骨折效果的meta分析显示文摘目的系统性评价弹性髓内钉内固定和钢板内固定治疗儿童尺桡骨双骨折的效果。方法计算机检索中文数据库知网、维普、万方和英文数据库PubMed、EMBase、Cochrane Library相关文献,检索时限为从建库至2019年9月。用RevMan5.3软件对文献中弹性髓内钉内固定与钢板内固定治疗儿童尺桡骨双骨折的总有效率、手术时间、住院时间、不良反应、术中出血量和切口长度进行分析比较。结果总共8篇文献纳入研究,均为随机对照试验,总计650例患者(弹性髓内钉内固定组325例,钢板内固定组325例)。两组间总有效率[OR=3.80,95%CI(2.07,6.96),P<0.0001]、手术时间[MD=-29.13,95%CI(-34.03,-24.24),P<0.000 01]、住院时间[MD=-8.70,95%CI(-13.00,-4.41),P<0.0001]、术中出血量[MD=-83.62,95%CI(-162.81,-4.43),P=0.04]和切口长度[MD=-8.72,95%CI(-10.94,-6.51),P<0.000 01]比较,差异均有统计学意义,弹性髓内钉内固定组均优于钢板内固定组。两组术后不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义[OR=0.69,95%CI(0.26,1.84),P=0.46]。结论治疗儿童尺桡骨双骨折,弹性髓内钉内固定较钢板内固定具有手术时间短、切口长度小、术中出血量少、总有效率高的优势且并未增加术后的不良反应发生率。由于纳入文献数量较少,质量有限,以上结论还需更多更高质量的研究验证。 | 高卓 王永清 任亮 杜博松 Basanta Sapkota | 2020 | 中国医药导报2020，17，6： | 11 |
| 5 | 先天性白内障手术治疗研究进展显示文摘随着显微手术技术的进步,白内障摘除联合微创前段玻璃体切除及人工晶状体(IOL)植入术已经成为治疗先天性白内障的主要方法。2岁以下儿童一期植入IOL已经成为一种趋势。对眼轴长度、角膜曲率及屈光度变化的准确估计,IOL度数选择的综合考虑,积极规范的弱视训练和长期随访对于获得良好的视觉重建结果尤为重要。本文对这一领域近5年的研究进展进行综述。 | Jyoti Sapkota 刘馨 樊帆 罗怡 | 2016 | 中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志2016，16，4： | 8 |
| 6 | The influence of atmospheric Hg on Hg contaminations in rice and paddy soil in the Xunyang Hg mining district,China显示文摘To date, the Xunyang mercury(Hg) mining district is the only ongoing large-scale Hg mining district in China. To understand the influence of Hg contamination mode from the Hg mining and smelting activities, 27 sampling sites in the Xunyang Hg mining district were chosen in this study. Total gaseous mercury(TGM) in ambient air was measured using a Lumex-RA915 automatic Hg analyzer in2011. Rice samples and soil samples from rhizosphere were collected systematically and simultaneously. Total Hg(THg) and methylmercury(Me Hg) concentrations in rice grain and soil samples and Hg speciation with modified sequential selective extractions were measured. The local environment was seriously polluted with Hg. The TGM(302 ± 376 ng·m-3, ranging from 24 to 2220 ng·m^(-3)) in the local ambient air, THg(28 ± 30 mg·kg^(-1), ranging from 0.31 to 121 mg·kg^(-1)) and Me Hg(2.3 ± 1.9 lg·kg^(-1),ranging from 0.24 to 8.9 lg·kg^(-1)) in soil samples were at the sample level with Hg contaminated area. The THg concentration(26 ± 16 lg·kg^(-1)ranging from 4.5 to 71 lg·kg^(-1)) in most of the rice grain samples clearly exceeds the threshold level(20 lg·kg^(-1)) in the Chinese national guidelines for cereals(NY 861-2004). The inorganic mercury(IHg)(9.1 ± 5.6 lg·kg^(-1), ranging from 1.2 to 24 lg·kg^(-1)) and Me Hg(14 ± 9.8 lg·kg^(-1), ranging from 2.1 to 59 lg·kg^(-1))concentration in rice grain samples were at the same level with Hg contaminated area. The main species of Hg in paddy soils reveal strong complex Hg and residue Hg. According to the correlation analysis, a Hg pollution mode from local Hg mining and smelting was hypothesized, including Hg emission, transportation, methylation, and uptake process. | Ming Ao Bo Meng Atindra Sapkota Yonggui Wu Xiaoli Qian Guangle Qiu Shunqing Zhong Lihai Shang | 2017 | Acta Geochimica2017，36，2： | 5 |
| 7 | A High-Throughput Phenotyping System Using Machine Vision to Quantify Severity of Grapevine Powdery Mildew显示文摘Powdery mildews present specific challenges to phenotyping systems that are based on imaging.Having previously developed lowthroughput,quantitative microscopy approaches for phenotyping resistance to Erysiphe necator on thousands of grape leaf disk samples for genetic analysis,here we developed automated imaging and analysis methods for E.necator severity on leaf disks.By pairing a 46-megapixel CMOS sensor camera,a long-working distance lens providing 3.5×magnification,X-Y sample positioning,and Z-axis focusing movement,the system captured 78%of the area of a 1-cm diameter leaf disk in 3 to 10 focus-stacked images within 13.5 to 26 seconds.Each image pixel represented 1.44 m2 of the leaf disk.A convolutional neural network(CNN)based on GoogLeNet determined the presence or absence of E.necator hyphae in approximately 800 subimages per leaf disk as an assessment of severity,with a training validation accuracy of 94.3%.For an independent image set the CNN was in agreement with human experts for 89.3%to 91.7%of subimages.This live-imaging approach was nondestructive,and a repeated measures time course of infection showed differentiation among susceptible,moderate,and resistant samples.Processing over one thousand samples per day with good accuracy,the system can assess host resistance,chemical or biological efficacy,or other phenotypic responses of grapevine to E.necator.In addition,new CNNs could be readily developed for phenotyping within diverse pathosystems or for diverse traits amenable to leaf disk assays. | Andrew Bierman Tim LaPlumm Lance Cadle-Davidson David Gadoury Dani Martinez Surya Sapkota Mark Rea | 2019 | Plant Phenomics2019，1，1： | 4 |
| 8 | Gap characteristics and their effects on regeneration,dominance and early growth of woody species显示文摘Aims We aim to examine the canopy gap characteristics and evaluate their influence on regeneration,dominance and the early growth of woody species in seasonally dry Shorea robusta forests(Sal forests).Methods Sixty canopy gaps were surveyed in six randomly located transects belts in seasonally dry subtropical Sal forests of central Nepal.Each transect belt was followed until 10 gap sites were encountered.The equation for the area of an ellipse was used to calculate the size of canopy gap,measuring the longest axis and its perpendicular shorter axis.Number,sizes,ages and causes of tree falls creating canopy gaps along with number and sizes of border trees were identified and recorded.Detailed gap inventories were carried out using square 25-m2 quadrats placed in the middle of each gap.All individuals>2 m in height within the quadrat were identified at the species level and their diameter at breast height was measured.We assigned a nested 4-m2 quadrat to the corner of each 25-m2 quadrat,within which all woody individuals>10 cm tall were identified at the species level,and counted them and their regeneration mechanisms were identified.The height and collar diameter of the tallest individuals were measured.Descriptive statistics was calculated for the variables of interests and Pearson correlation,linear regression,independent-sample t-test and chi-square test were used to relate them and to test for their associations.Important Findings The study found mean gap size of 283 m2 and;50%gaps of 10–15 years old.Gaps created by natural single-tree falls were significantly more numerous,and their mean size was significantly smaller than those resulting from artificial causes or multiple-tree falls.Gap size correlated with the basal area of felled trees,but it did not correlate with the number of tree falls.While tree fall basal area was significantly positively correlated to the seed-originated seedling to resprout ratio,it was negatively correlated,along with gap area and the basal size of retained trees,to seedling growth.The relative seedling density of Terminalia alata increased with increases in gap areas,while that of S.robusta decreased with increases in tree fall basal area,thereby lowering the plot-level dominance.However,the relative seedling densities of Eugenia operculata and Syzigium cumini were negatively and positively correlated,respectively,with tree fall basal area. | Indra Prasad Sapkota Per Christer Oden | 2009 | Journal of Plant Ecology2009，2，1： | 4 |
| 9 | Climate change adaptation, greenhouse gas mitigation and economic profitability of conservation agriculture: Some examples from cereal systems of Indo-Gangetic Plains显示文摘Achieving sustainability of the cereal system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains(IGP)of India under progressive climate change and variability necessitates adoption of practices and technologies that increase food production,adaptation and mitigation in a sustainable way.This paper examines conservation agriculture(CA)from the perspective of:(i)increased yield and farm income,(ii)adaptation to heat and water stresses,and(iii)reduction in greenhouse gas(GHGs)emissions.The analyses and conclusions are based on the literature and evidences from a large number of on-station as well as farmers’field trials on CA in the cereal systems of IGP.Our analyses show that CA-based system substantially reduces the production cost(up to 23%)but produces equal or even higher than conventional system;thereby increasing economic profitability of production system.CA-based production systems also moderated the effect of high temperature(reduced canopy temperature by 1–4°C)and increased irrigation water productivity by 66–100%compared to traditional production systems thus well adapting to water and heat stress situations of IGP.Our continuous monitoring of soil flux of CO2,N2O and CH4 revealed that CA-based rice-wheat systems emit 10–15%less GHGs than conventional systems.This is the first time that CA and its components are synthesized and analyzed from food security-climate change nexus.From this holistic analysis,we suggest that wide-scale promotion of suitable CA practices by integrating into national agriculture development strategy is a way forward to address food security,climate change adaptation and mitigation challenges faced by present agriculture. | Tek B Sapkota M L Jat Jeetendra P Aryal R K Jat Arun Khatri-Chhetri | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，8： | 4 |
| 10 | Perspectives of CRISPR/Cas-mediated cisengineering in horticulture:unlocking the neglected potential for crop improvement显示文摘Directed breeding of horticultural crops is essential for increasing yield,nutritional content,and consumer-valued characteristics such as shape and color of the produce.However,limited genetic diversity restricts the amount of crop improvement that can be achieved through conventional breeding approaches.Natural genetic changes in cisregulatory regions of genes play important roles in shaping phenotypic diversity by altering their expression.Utilization of CRISPR/Cas editing in crop species can accelerate crop improvement through the introduction of genetic variation in a targeted manner.The advent of CRISPR/Cas-mediated cis-regulatory region engineering(cis-engineering)provides a more refined method for modulating gene expression and creating phenotypic diversity to benefit crop improvement.Here,we focus on the current applications of CRISPR/Cas-mediated cis-engineering in horticultural crops.We describe strategies and limitations for its use in crop improvement,including de novo cis-regulatory element(CRE)discovery,precise genome editing,and transgene-free genome editing.In addition,we discuss the challenges and prospects regarding current technologies and achievements.CRISPR/Cas-mediated cis-engineering is a critical tool for generating horticultural crops that are better able to adapt to climate change and providing food for an increasing world population. | Qiang Li Manoj Sapkota Esther van der Knaap | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 3 |
| 11 | Retrospective analysis of complications related to endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography in patients with cirrhosis vs patients without cirrhosis显示文摘BACKGROUND There is minimal objective data regarding adverse events related to endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography(ERCP)in patients with cirrhosis compared to those without cirrhosis and even fewer data comparing complications among cirrhosis patients based on severity of cirrhosis.AIM To determine if patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of adverse events related to ERCP:mainly pancreatitis,bleeding,perforation,cholangitis,and mortality;And to see if higher Child-Pugh(CP)score and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)score are associated with higher post-ERCP complications.METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 692 patients who underwent ERCP and analyzed the impact of cirrhosis etiology,gender,type of sedation used during procedure,interventions performed,and co-morbidities on the rate of complications in cirrhosis patients as compared to non-cirrhosis patients.RESULTS Overall complications were higher in those with cirrhosis as compared to those without cirrhosis(P=0.015 at significance level of 0.05).CP class,especially CP class C,was shown to be associated with a significantly higher rate of ERCP complications as compared to CP class A and CP class B(P=0.010 at significance level of 0.05).CONCLUSION The results of our study reaffirm that liver cirrhosis has an impact on the occurrence of complications during ERCP.Our study shows that CP class seems to be more reliable as compared to MELD score in predicting complications of ERCP in cirrhosis patients. | Michelle Bernshteyn Linda Hu Umair Masood Anuj Vikrant Sharma Danning Huang Bishnu Sapkota | 2021 | World Journal of Hepatology2021，13，4： | 3 |
| 12 | Ti/Cf/PEEK混杂层板低速冲击及剩余拉伸性能实验研究显示文摘通过实验研究Ti/Cf/PEEK纤维金属层板低速冲击损伤机制及冲击后拉伸性能。混杂层板采用2/1和3/2两种铺层结构,铺层角度均为0°、45°、90°,分别在15 J和25 J冲击能量下进行冲击试验,对比分析两种铺层结构之间及同一铺层结构不同铺层角度之间的冲击损伤机制和剩余拉伸强度退化规律、剩余拉伸失效模式。结果表明:两种铺层结构的混杂层板冲击损伤机制主要有塑性变形、缩进、形成损伤区域、开裂、基质侵入金属损伤区域、纤维断裂、分层等,45°铺层角度的层板表现出较好的抗冲击损伤扩展性能。剩余拉伸强度退化规律与纤维铺放角度有关,0°铺放角度的层板冲击后剩余拉伸强度最高,其次是45°铺层方向,最差是90°铺层方向;2/1结构混杂层板剩余拉伸失效模式近似脆性断裂,而3/2结构层板既有延性断裂的特征,又有脆性断裂的特征。 | 袁潇洒 Bhuwan Sapkota 郭华鑫 仲浪 潘蕾 | 2020 | 振动与冲击2020，39，22： | 2 |
| 13 | 不同干扰梯度下尼泊尔森林树种多样性和优势种的变化(英文)显示文摘中度干扰可以增强多样性,因此干扰常作为一种管理手段。因而,了解森林干扰的频度和强度以及对林分结构、优势度以及森林多样性等的作用是非常重要的。本研究在尼泊尔设立25个1 ha样地,调查了不同干扰程度对以婆罗双树为优势种的5个林地生物多样性和优势度的影响。共记录67个树种,其中41个树种在轻度干扰的森林,10个在重度干扰的森林。林地之间α多样性差异显著。α多样性随干扰梯度线性降低,而优势度则呈线性增加。婆罗双树相对基面积随干扰强度而增加,重度干扰林下该树种重要值是轻度干扰林下的2倍。α多样性随婆罗叔树相对基面积的增加而以3倍的比率降低。在任意一对干扰林中,树种组成相似性均很低(相似性指数<57%),说明β多样性较高。结论:婆罗双树林多样性随干扰强度增加而降低,但是优势度增加。建议控制优势种(婆罗双树)种群,来提高多样性,实现多功能利用的森林管理目标。图5表6参32。 | Indra Prasad Sapkota Mulualem Tigabu Per Christer Odén | 2010 | Journal of Forestry Research2010，21，1： | 2 |
| 14 | Nuclear CDKs Drive Smad Transcriptional Activation and Turnover in BMP and TGF-β Pathways显示文摘 | Claudio Alarcón Alexia-Ileana Zaromytidou Qiaoran Xi Sheng Gao Jianzhong Yu Sho Fujisawa Afsar Barlas Alexandria N. Miller Katia Manova-Todorova Maria J. Macias Gopal Sapkota Duojia Pan Joan Massagué | 2009 | Cell2009，，4： | 2 |
| 15 | Unique players in the BMP pathway:Small C-terminal domain phosphatases dephosphorylate Smadl to attenuate BMP sigualing显示文摘 | Knockaert M Sapkota G Alarcon C | 2006 | PNAS2006，103，11： | 1 |
| 16 | Particle tracking velocimetry with an ant colony optimization algorithm 显示文摘 | OHMI K PANDAY S P SAPKOTA A | 2010 | Experiments in Fluids2010，48，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Spa- tial distribution, advanced regenerationand stand structure of Ne- palese Sal (Shorea robusta) forests subject to disturbances of differ- entintensities显示文摘 | Indra Prasad Sapkota Mulualem Tigabu Per Christer Oden | 2009 | Forest Ecology and Management2009，257，916： | 1 |
| 18 | Methicillin resistant Staphylo- coccus aureus: prevalence and antibiogram in a tertiary care hospi- tal in western Nepal 显示文摘 | Tiwari HK Das AK Sapkota D | 2009 | J Infect Dev Ctries2009，3，9： | 1 |
| 19 | Expression profile of the S100 gene family members in oral squamous cell carcinomas显示文摘 | Sapkota D Bruland O | 2008 | J Oral Pathol Med2008，，37： | 1 |
| 20 | Dynamic var planning in a largepower system using trajectory sensitivities显示文摘 | SAPKOTA B VITTAL V | 2010 | IEEE Transactionson Power Systems2010，25，1： | 1 |
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