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| 1 | Effect of fiber supplementation on the microbiota in critically ill patients显示文摘AIM:To determine tolerance to fiber supplementation of semi-elemental tube feeds in critically ill patients and measure its effect on colonic microbiota and fermentation.METHODS:Thirteen intensive care unit patients receiving jejunal feeding with a semi-elemental diet for predominantly necrotizing pancreatitis were studied.The study was divided into 2 parts:first,short-term (3-9 d)clinical tolerance and colonic fermentation as assessed by fecal short chain fatty acid(SCFA)concentrations and breath hydrogen and methane was measured in response to progressive fiber supplementation increasing from 4 g tid up to normal requirement levels of 8 g tid;second,4 patients with diarrhea were studied for 2-5 wk with maximal supplementation to additionally assess its influence on fecal microbiota quantitated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)of microbial 16S rRNA genes and Human Intestinal Tract Chip(HITChip)microarray analysis.Nearly all patients were receiving antibiotics(10/13)and acid suppressants(11/13)at some stage during the studies.RESULTS:In group 1,tolerance to progressive fiber supplementation was good with breath hydrogen and methane evidence(P=0.008 and P<0.0001,respectively)of increased fermentation with no exacerbation of abdominal symptoms and resolution of diarrhea in 2 of 4 patients.In group 2 before supplementation,fecal microbiota mass and their metabolites,SCFA,were dramatically lower in patients compared to healthy volunteers.From qPCR and HITChip analyses we calculated that there was a 97%reduction in the predominant potential butyrate producers and starch degraders.Following 2-5 wk of fiber supplementation there was a significant increase in fecal SCFA(acetate 28.4±4.1μmol/g to 42.5±3.1μmol/g dry weight,P=0.01;propionate 1.6±0.5 vs 6.22±1.1,P=0.006 and butyrate 2.5±0.6 vs 5.9±1.1,P=0.04)and microbial counts of specific butyrate producers,with resolution of diarrhea in 3 of 4 patients.CONCLUSION:Conventional management of critically ill patients,which includes the use of elemental diets and broad-spectrum antibiotics,was associated with gross suppression of the colonic microbiota and their production of essential colonic fuels,i.e.,SCFA.Our investigations show that fiber supplementation of the feeds has the potential to improve microbiota mass and function,thereby reducing the risks of diarrhea due to dysbiosis. | Stephen JD O'Keefe Junhai Ou James P DeLany Scott Curry Erwin Zoetendal H Rex Gaskins Scott Gunn | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2011，2，6： | 3 |
| 2 | Fungus-growing ants use antibiotic-producing bacteria to control garden parasites 显示文摘 | Currie CR Scott JA Summerbell RC | 2003 | Nature2003，423，： | 1 |
| 3 | Long-Term Angiographic Follow-Up of Robotic-Assisted Coronary Artery Revascularization显示文摘 | Maria E. Currie Jonathan Romsa Stephanie A. Fox William C. Vezina Cigdem Akincioglu James C. Warrington R. Scott McClure Larry W. Stitt Alan H. Menkis W. Douglas Boyd Bob Kiaii | 2012 | The Annals of Thoracic Surgery2012，，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Fungus-growing ants use antibiotic-producing bacteria to control garden parasites显示文摘 | CURRIE C R SCOTT J A SUMMERBELL R C | 1999 | Nature1999，398，6729： | 1 |
| 5 | Structural health management technologies for inflatable/deployable structures: Integrating sensing and self-healing显示文摘 | Erik J. Brandon Max Vozoff Elizabeth A. Kolawa George F. Studor Frankel Lyons Michael W. Keller Brett Beiermann Scott R. White Nancy R. Sottos Mark A. Curry David L. Banks Robert Brocato Lisong Zhou Soyoun Jung Thomas N. Jackson Kevin Champaigne | 2010 | Acta Astronautica2010，，7： | 1 |
| 6 | Fungus-growing ants use antibiotic-producing bacteria to control garden parasites显示文摘 | Currie C R Scott J A Summerbell R C | 1999 | Nature1999，398，： | 1 |
| 7 | Donor Postextubation Hypotension and Age Correlate With Outcome After Donation After Cardiac Death Transplantation显示文摘 | Karen J. Ho Christopher D. Owens Scott R. Johnson Khalid Khwaja Michael P. Curry Martha Pavlakis Didier Mandelbrot James J. Pomposelli Shimul A. Shah Reza F. Saidi Dicken S.C. Ko Sayeed Malek John Belcher David Hull Stefan G. Tullius Richard B. Freeman El | 2008 | Transplantation2008，，11： | 1 |
| 8 | Mercury bioaccumulation in aquatic biota along a salinity gradient in the Saint John River estuary显示文摘Although estuaries are critical habitats for many aquatic species, the spatial trends of toxic methylmercury(MeHg) in biota from fresh to marine waters are poorly understood. Our objective was to determine if MeHg concentrations in biota changed along a salinity gradient in an estuary. Fourspine Stickleback(Apeltes quadracus), invertebrates(snails,amphipods, and chironomids), sediments, and water were collected from ten sites along the Saint John River estuary, New Brunswick, Canada in 2015 and 2016, with salinities ranging from 0.06 to 6.96. Total mercury(proxy for MeHg) was measured in whole fish and MeHg was measured in a subset of fish, pooled invertebrates, sediments, and water. Stable sulfur(δ^(34)S), carbon(δ^(13) C), and nitrogen(δ^(15)N) isotope values were measured to assess energy sources(S, C) and relative trophic level(N). There were increases in biotic δ^(13)C and δ^(34)S from fresh to more saline sites and these measures were correlated with salinity.Though aqueous MeHg was higher at the freshwater than more saline sites, only chironomid MeHg increased significantly with salinity. In the Saint John River estuary, there was little evidence that MeHg and its associated risks increased along a salinity gradient. | Bethany L.Reinhart Karen A.Kidd R.Allen Curry Nelson J.O’Driscoll Scott A.Pavey | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，6： | 0 |
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