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| 1 | 急性缺血性卒中静脉阿替普酶溶栓治疗的纳入和排除标准的科学依据美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会对医疗卫生专业人员发布的声明(续前)显示文摘19 颅内出血史
根据最初的 FDA 标签和2013年AHA/ASA指南,颅内出血史是静脉阿替普酶治疗缺血性卒中的一项额外禁忌证或排除标准。最近修订后的标签仅将近期 ICH 列为一项警告,并且在禁忌证中删除了ICH史。与前面讨论的静脉阿替普酶治疗排除标准相似,文献回顾仅在大样本回顾性研究中发现了少量这类病例。缺乏相关数据可能是修订后的FDA 标签不再将 ICH 史作为禁忌证而仅将近期ICH 列为一项警告的原因。在这种情况下,FDA 如何定义“近期”一词尚不清楚。有趣的是,对在静脉阿替普酶治疗前通过 MRI 检测脑微出血( cerebral microbleed, CMBs)存在情况进行的研究可为这个卒中亚组患者提供更多的见解。从病理生理学角度,这种微出血的原因尚不清楚,可能反映再灌注损伤或脑血管自动调节功能破坏。因此,在静脉阿替普酶治疗后出现这些损害可能没有意义或是人为信号。 | Dawn O. Kleindorfer Opeolu M. Adeoye Andrew M. Demchuk Jennifer E. Fugate James C. Grotta Alexander A. Khalessi Elad I. Levy Yuko Y. Palesch Shyam Prabhakaran Gustavo Saposnik Jeffrey L. Saver Eric E. Smith 高圆圆 顾雨铖 徐欣 徐曼曼 张佳慧 李韶雅 冒萧萧 陈歆 徐运 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，5： | 98 |
| 2 | 甲状腺影像报告和数据系统在超声检查甲状腺结节中的应用显示文摘目的探讨甲状腺影像报告和数据系统(thyroid imaging reporting and data system,TI-RADS)在超声检查甲状腺结节中的诊断价值。方法收集292例(423个)甲状腺结节患者的超声资料,以组织病理学结果为参照标准,采用TI-RADS分级诊断标准进行回顾性评价。结果 423个甲状腺结节中,TI-RADS分级为1-5级者其恶性结节所占百分率分别为0(0/129)、6.3%(11/176)、33.3%(10/30)、86.8%(46/53)和100%(35/35)。对甲状腺良性结节超声检查TI-RADS分级的灵敏度、特异度、正确率、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为96.3%(309/321)、83.3%(85/102)、93.1%(394/423)、94.8%(309/326)和87.6%(85/97),阳性似然比、阴性似然比及Youden指数分别为5.77、0.04和79.6%。TI-RADS分级的良、恶性结节在形态、边界、内部回声、回声质地、内部构成和钙化灶方面所占比例的差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.001)。结论在甲状腺结节的超声检查中,应用TI-RADS分级诊断标准对临床诊断和治疗具有重要的指导价值。 | 马步云 Parajuly Shyam Sundar 彭玉兰 时莹瑜 | 2011 | 中国普外基础与临床杂志2011，18，8： | 50 |
| 3 | Nat Genet:单细胞分析解开结直肠癌细胞的神秘面纱显示文摘结合单细胞基因组学和计算机技术,一个研究团队(包括来自杰克逊实验室(JAx)单细胞生物学主任Paul Robson博士在内)鉴定出了11种结直肠癌肿瘤的癌细胞组成及邻近的非癌细胞。这对于更好的肿瘤靶向诊断和治疗很重要。”使用单细胞测序。”JAX科学家、这篇发表在Nature Genetics上的文章共同第一作者Elise Courtois说道。”我们可以根据肿瘤中的细胞组成将结直肠癌进一步分类。因为每种亚型的肿瘤病人生存率存在差别,我们的方法将为肿瘤医生提供更多的关于肿瘤预后和治疗的信息。” | Huipeng Li, Elise T Courtois, Debarka Sengupta, Yuliana Tan Shyam Prabhakar Elise T Courtois, Yuliana Tan Paul Robson Debarka Sengupta Kok Hao Chen, Jolene Jie Lin Goh Paul Jongjoon Choi Say Li Kong, Axel M Hillmer Iain Beehuat Tan Clarinda Chua Iain Beehuat Tan Lim Kiat Hon Wah Siew Tan Mark Wong Lawrence J K Wee Iain Beehuat Tan Paul Robson Paul Robson Paul Robson | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，15： | 37 |
| 4 | Relationship between acrosin activity of human spermatozoa and oxidative stress显示文摘Aim: To study the association between seminal oxidative stress and human sperm acrosin activity.Methods: It is a prospective study consisting of 30 infertile men and 12 fertile normozoospermic volunteers. A full history, clinical examination and scrotal ultrasound were done to exclude other related factors such as smoking and varicocele. Presence of white blood cells (WBCs) in semen samples was evaluated by peroxidase staining. Lipid peroxidation in spermatozoa was induced after incubating with ferrous sulphate (4mmol/L) and sodium ascorbate (20 mmol/L). Induced peroxidation of spermatozoa was assessed by determining the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Acrosin activity was measured using the gelatinolysis technique. The halo diameters around the sperm heads and the percentages of spermatozoa showing halo formation were evaluated. An acrosin activity index was calculated by multiplying the halo diameter by the halo formation rate. Results: A significant difference was observed in acrosin activity parameters and TBARS levels between samples with WBCs (>1×10^6/mL of ejaculate) and those without. This difference was also noted between the normozoospermic and the oligoasthenoteratozoospermic semen samples. The TBARS production by spermatozoa had a significant negativecorrelation with the acrosin activity index (r=-0.89, P<0.001). Conclusion: The presence of oxidative stress in an individual with leukocytospermia and/or abnormal semen parameters is associated with impaired sperm function as measured by its acrosin activity. (Asian J Androl 2004 Dec; 6:313-318) | Adel A.Zalata Ashraf H.Ahmed Shyam S.R.Allamaneni Frank H.Comhaire Ashok Agarwal | 2004 | Asian Journal of Andrology2004，6，4： | 27 |
| 5 | 甲状腺乳头状癌的超声造影表现及其病理基础显示文摘目的探讨甲状腺乳头状癌的超声造影表现及其病理基础。方法对72例甲状腺结节患者进行常规超声和彩色多普勒超声检查,将TI-RADS≥3级的86个结节进行超声造影(CEUS)检查,经过手术和病理证实均为甲状腺乳头状癌;分析结节及甲状腺的CEUS表现,术后结节及甲状腺的病理进行CD34免疫组织化学染色。结果 86个结节的Adler血流分级分别为:0级26个,Ⅰ级34个,Ⅱ级23个,Ⅲ级3个。CEUS增强强度为低增强71个,等增强12个,高增强3个。结节与周围组织的平均强度、峰值强度、曲线下面积和CD34计数的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),均明显低于周围组织。结论甲状腺乳头状癌的CEUS增强强度以低增强为主,其病理基础是与周围组织的微血管密度差异。 | 马步云 金亚 Parajuly Shyam Sundar 赵海娜 姜勇 周洁宏 | 2014 | 四川大学学报(医学版)2014，45，6： | 27 |
| 6 | The Chrysanthemum nankingense Genome Provides Insights into the Evolution and Diversification of Chrysanthemum Flowers and Medicinal Traits显示文摘The Asteraceae (Compositae),a large plant family of approximately 24 000-35 000 species,accounts for^10% of all angiosperm species and contributes a lot to plant diversity.The most representative members of the Asteraceae are the economically important chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum L.)that diversified through reticulate evolution.Biodiversity is typically created by multiple evolutionary mechanisms such as wholegenome duplication 0NGD)or polyploidization and locally repetitive genome expansion.However,the lack of genomic data from chrysanthemum species has prevented an in-depth analysis of the evolutionary mechanisms involved in their diversification.Here,we used Oxford Nanopore long-read technologyto sequence the diploid Chrysanthemum nankingense genome,which represents one of the progenitor genomes of domesticated chrysanthemums.Our analysis revealed that the evolution of the C.nankingense genome was driven by bursts of repetitive element expansion and WGD events including a recentWGD that distinguishes chrysanthemum from sunflower,which diverged from chrysanthemum approximately 38.8 million years ago.Variations of ornamental and medicinal traits in chrysanthemums are linked to the expansion of candidate gene families by duplication events including paralogous gene duplication.Collectively,our study of the assembled reference genome offers new knowledge and resources to dissect the history and pattern of evolution and diversification of chrysanthemum plants,and also to accelerate their breeding and improvement. | Chi Song Yifei Liu Aiping Song Gangqiang Dong Hongbo Zhao Wei Sun Shyam Ramakrishnan Ying Wang Shuaibin Wang Tingzhao Li Yan Niu Jiafu Jiang Bin Dong Ye Xia Sumei Chen Zhigang Hu Fadi Chen Shilin Chen | 2018 | Molecular Plant2018，11，12： | 24 |
| 7 | Metallothionein:An overview显示文摘Metallothioneins (MTs) were discovered in 1957 by Margoshes and Vallee and identified as low-molecular weight and sulphydryl rich proteins. It is not surprising that most mammalian tissues contain age related basal levels of MTs since they are involved in metalloregulatory processes that include cell growth and multiplication. In an effort to understand the biology of this intriguing tumor, various biomarkers such as oncogenes, p53 tumor suppressor gene, waf 1 protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, telomerase, microsatellite markers and cytogenetic changes have been examined. One biomarker which has recently shown to be expressed in various human tumors but still less reported in carcinoma is MT. Immunohistochemical detection of MT proteins in cold acetone-fixed paraffin embedded liver sections was performed by the streptavidin-avidin-biotin immuno- peroxidase complex method. | N Thirumoorthy KT Manisenthil Kumar A Shyam Sundar L Panayappan Malay Chatterjee | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，7： | 21 |
| 8 | 改良前外侧入路治疗老年复杂胫骨平台骨折的临床效果显示文摘目的探讨采用改良前外侧入路治疗老年Schatzker V型及VI型骨折的优势。方法对我院2016~2018年收治的35例老年复杂性胫骨平台骨折患者(Schatzker V型及VI型)的临床资料进行分析。均采用改良前外侧入路进行手术治疗。术后即刻及1、2、3、6、12个月对患者进行X线片检查,测量胫骨平台内翻角(tibial plateau angle,TPA)及后倾角(posterior slope angle,PA),采用Rasmussen放射学评分评价手术复位及骨折愈合情况,采用Rasmussen膝关节功能评分及美国纽约特种外科医院(HSS)评分系统,对患者膝关节功能康复进行评价。结果本组共35例,其中男15例,女20例,年龄61~81岁,平均(69.46±6.15)岁。Schatzker分型V型20例,VI型15例。术后即刻X线片显示共30例获解剖复位,5例关节面遗留<2 mm台阶。Rasmussen放射学评分12~18分,平均(16.26±1.93)分。各时间点TPA值相比,差异无统计学意义(F=0.05,P=0.99)。各时间点内侧PA值相比,差异无统计学意义(F=0.08,P=0.99)。各时间点外侧PA值相比,差异无统计学意义(F=0.07,P=0.98)。术后HSS评分为79~95分,平均(86.51±4.29)分。Rasmussen膝关节功能评分为18~29分,平均(25.54±2.96)分。膝关节活动范围为90°~135°,平均(120.37±10.99)°。所有患者术后1年随访均显示骨折愈合。结论采用改良前外侧入路治疗老年Schatzker V型及VI型胫骨平台骨折具有术中软组织损伤小的特点,且Rasmussen评分及HSS评分显示术后膝关节功能恢复满意。 | 刘燊 Shyam Sundar Thakur 程鑫 郝岩 张晓雷 郝丁宇 张磊 周先虎 冯世庆 | 2019 | 中国骨与关节杂志2019，8，7： | 19 |
| 9 | 结节性筋膜炎的组织病理学分型及其超声表现显示文摘目的分析结节性筋膜炎的组织病理学分型及其相应二维及彩色多普勒超声声像图特征,探讨超声诊断结节性筋膜炎的价值。方法分析27例经手术病理证实的结节性筋膜炎患者的二维和彩色多普勒超声声像图特征及与其组织病理学分型的相关性。结果结节性筋膜炎超声声像图表现多样,共有特征为皮下或肌层内弱回声团块,病变多数小于3 cm。不同组织病理学分型的超声表现具有一定特征。按照病变部位可分为皮下型、筋膜型及肌内型,其中皮下型多与深筋膜关系密切;筋膜型具有特征性的沿浅筋膜和皮下脂肪小叶的纤维间隔伸展,呈'星状'突起的超声表现。根据病变结构不同可分为黏液型、细胞型和纤维型,黏液型团块内部可有小片状无回声区,边缘有血流;细胞型团块内部及边缘有血流,且边缘血流明显,而纤维型无明显血流。结论不同分型结节性筋膜炎具有一定特征;二维及彩色多普勒超声可作为结节性筋膜炎诊断的重要辅助检查。 | 张静漪 邱逦 Shyam Sundar Parajuly | 2011 | 中国医学影像技术2011，27，4： | 15 |
| 10 | MicroRNA: a new and promising potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer显示文摘Epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC) is the leading cause of death among all gynecological malignancies. Despite the technological and medical advances over the past four decades, such as the development of several biological markers(mRNA and proteins biomarkers), the mortality rate of ovarian cancer remains a challenge because of its late diagnosis, which is specifically attributed to low specificities and sensitivities. Under this compulsive scenario, recent advances in expression biology have shifted in identifying and developing specific and sensitive biomarkers, such as micro RNAs(miRNAs) for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. MiRNAs are a novel class of small non-coding RNAs that deregulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level, either by translational repression or by mRNA degradation. These mechanisms may be involved in a complex cascade of cellular events associated with the pathophysiology of many types of cancer. MiRNAs are easily detectable in tissue and blood samples of cancer patients. Therefore, miRNAs hold good promise as potential biomarkers in ovarian cancer. In this review, we attempted to provide a comprehensive profile of key miRNAs involved in ovarian carcinoma to establish mi RNAs as more reliable non-invasive clinical biomarkers for early detection of ovarian cancer compared with protein and DNA biomarkers. | Manish K.Pal Shyam P.Jaiswar Vinaya N.Dwivedi Amit K.Tripathi Ashish Dwivedi Pushplata Sankhwar | 2015 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2015，12，4： | 12 |
| 11 | 多中心研究:弹性应变率比值对弹性评分法评估乳腺病灶良恶性的辅助价值探讨显示文摘目的探讨弹性成像应变率比值对改良弹性评分法评估乳腺良恶性病灶的辅助价值。方法通过对多中心收集的已行常规超声检查和弹性成像检查的846例患者(1071个病灶)超声影像资料进行回顾性分析,结合病理结果,评价应变率比值法对改良弹性评分法对乳腺良恶性病灶评估的辅助价值。结果512例恶性病灶的应变率比值为8.1±5.9,559例良性病灶的应变率比值为2.7±1.4,其差异有统计学意义(P〈0.001)。当应变率比值法诊断界点为3.03时,敏感性为81.6%,特异性为89.7%,准确性为81.7%,阳性预测值为80.2%,阴性预测值为84.2%。弹性评分法与应变率比值法ROC曲线下的面积(AUC)分别为0.862、0.865(P=0.622)。对于3~4分病灶弹性评分法与应变率比值法的AUC分别为0.629、0.711(P=0.020)。结论本研究中,改良弹性评分法与应变率比值法总体上具有相同的诊断表现,但对于3~4分的病灶,应变率比值法具有更高的诊断效能,对于弹性评分法正确诊断乳腺病灶具有一定的辅助价值。 | 欧冰 吴嘉仪 周薪传 姚继祎 梁铭 罗葆明 智慧 彭玉兰 Shyam Sunder Parajuly 王怡 许萍 柳莉莎 郝翼 肖莹 刘守军 李靖 吴长君 姜玉新 | 2017 | 中华超声影像学杂志2017，26，10： | 12 |
| 12 | 滑膜肉瘤的二维及彩色多普勒超声特征显示文摘目的探讨滑膜肉瘤的二维及彩色多普勒声像图特征。方法回顾性分析26例经手术病理证实的滑膜肉瘤患者的超声声像图特征。结果 26例滑膜肉瘤中,17例发生于中青年,二维超声显示均未累及关节腔,表现为弱回声团块,其中20例内部回声不均匀,19例伴液化,7例伴钙化;血流分级:0级5例,Ⅰ级1例,Ⅱ级7例,Ⅲ级13例。15例位于关节旁,与11例非关节旁病灶在深度、最大径、边界、形态、血流信号等方面的差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。20例病变体积较大,与6例体积较小者在病变位置、形态、内部回声及血流信号方面的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论滑膜肉瘤的超声表现具有一定特征性,有助于提高诊断准确率。 | 唐远姣 冷钱英 Parajuly Shyam Sundar 邱逦 | 2014 | 中国医学影像技术2014，30，2： | 10 |
| 13 | 董事激励与公司业绩——实验的证据显示文摘我们在实验框架下检验了董事会成员的激励对股东财富和CEO报酬的影响,以及该报酬与公司业绩之间的敏感度.文中提出了两种任命董事的方法,一种由CEO任命,另一种由最大的股东自动担任董事.由董事会决定CEO的报酬,而CEO负责企业的生产、投资和分红决策.投资者根据接收到的每个公司的分红、资本收益这些信息,通过买卖这些企业的股票来调整他们的资产组合.
我们发现,薪酬与业绩之间的敏感度随董事持股比例的增加而上升.此外,当大股东作为董事会成员时,经济体所产生的财富(股东财富是其中的一部分)更大;而当CEO选择董事时,结果是缺乏效率的.本文讨论了关于董事职能和相关代理成本这一研究结果,以及标准会计框架下,限制执行人员报酬和报表标准化要求. | Anish Shah Shyam Sunder | 2004 | 南开管理评论2004，7，4： | 10 |
| 14 | Epithelial ovarian cancer:An overview显示文摘Ovarian cancer is the second most common gyneco-logical cancer and the leading cause of death in the United States. In this article we review the diagnosis and current management of epithelial ovarian cancer which accounts for over 95 percent of the ovarian malignancies. We will present various theories about the potential origin of ovarian malignancies. We will discuss the genetic anomalies and syndromes that may cause ovarian cancers with emphasis on Breast cancer type 1/2 mutations. The pathology and pathogenesis of ovarian carcinoma will also be presented. Lastly, we provide a comprehensive overview of treatment strategies and staging of ovarian cancer, conclusions and future directions. | Arpita Desai Jingyao Xu Kartik Aysola Yunlong Qin Chika Okoli Ravipati Hariprasad Ugorji Chinemerem Candace Gates Avinash Reddy Omar Danner Geary Franklin Anachebe Ngozi Guilherme Cantuaria Karan Singh William Grizzle Charles Landen Edward E Partridge Valerie Montgomery Rice E Shyam P Reddy Veena N Rao | 2014 | World Journal of Translational Medicine2014，3，1： | 10 |
| 15 | Safety and success of precut biliary sphincterotomy: Is it linked to experience or expertise?显示文摘瞄准:决定成功的率和按规格裁切的复杂并发症胆汁的括约肌切开术(PBS ) 基于优先的经验并且到比较在 PBS 和标准内视镜的括约肌切开术(ES ) 之间的复杂并发症率。方法:回顾的评估有希望地在一个学术第三级的工作分派中心收集了非使随机化的数据。包括的学习没有 formal 在 PBS 训练的由单个 endoscopist 经历了 PBS 和 ES 的在一个八年的时期的所有病人。学习的主要结果措施是有到 ES 的复杂并发症的比较的 PBS 的成功和复杂并发症。结果:一个总数 2939 内视镜后退 cholangiopancreatographies (ERCP ) 在学习时期期间被执行,包括 818 (28%) ES 并且 150 (5%) PBS 过程。经由 PBS 的选择胆汁的管子在在 75% 病人的第一次尝试是成功的。管子被完成在一另外在一次随后的尝试(总数 87%) 的 13% 病人。从 PBS 的复杂并发症率比 ES 高是 45% ,但是没显著地不同[7%(10/50 ) 对 5%(38/818 ) , P = 0.29 ] 。任何一个从 PBS 的复杂并发症都不是严重的。向增加成功的一个重要趋势关于 endoscopist 存在 ?ˉs 在按规格裁切的第一次尝试(P = 0.0393,为趋势的 Cochran-Armitage 准确测试, Z =-1.7588) 。结论:尽管有在这种技术的特定的训练的缺乏, PBS 从另外的富有经验的中心与高成功率和类似于的复杂并发症率或不到报告被执行。这些结果建议内视镜的经验和也许天生的内视镜的技巧可以在这个过程的结果起一个重要作用。 | Lindsay S Robison Shyam Varadarajulu C Mel Wilcox | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，15： | 10 |
| 16 | 超声引导下乳腺肿瘤穿刺活检术的护理配合流程显示文摘近年来,乳腺疾病的发病率呈上升趋势,乳腺癌的高发病率及年轻化,严重威胁女性的身体和心理健康。由于乳腺肿瘤病理性质的判定,对选择不同的治疗方案和外科术式具有重要的临床意义比。目前,对乳腺肿瘤多采用高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检术(ultrasound—guidedpuncturebiopsy,UPB), | 梁丽 彭玉兰 Parajuly Shyam Sundar 李伟 | 2013 | 护士进修杂志2013，28，5： | 9 |
| 17 | Diagnostic value of contrast enhanced ultrasound for splenic artery complications following acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM:To assess the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)in diagnosing splenic artery complications(SACs)after acute pancreatitis(AP).METHODS:One hundred and eighteen patients with AP were enrolled in the study.All patients were examined by CEUS and contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT).CECT was accepted as a gold standard for the diagnosis of SACs in AP.The diagnostic accuracy of splenic CEUS and pancreatic CEUS was compared with that of CECT.Splenic infarction was the diagnostic criterion for splenic artery embolism and local dysperfusion of the splenic parenchyma was the diagnostic criterion for splenic arterial stenosis.The incidence of splenic sub-capsular hemorrhage,splenic artery aneurysms,and splenic rupture was all lower than that of SACs.RESULTS:Nine patients were diagnosed as having SACs after AP by CECT among the 118 patients.The patients with SACs were diagnosed with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Among them,6 lesions were diagnosed as splenic artery embolism,5 as splenic artery aneurysms,and 1 as splenic arterial stenosis.No lesion was diagnosed by pancreatic CEUS and 5 lesions were diagnosed by splenic CEUS.By splenic CEUS,4 cases were diagnosed as splenic artery embolism and 1 as splenic arterial stenosis.The accuracy of splenic CEUS in diagnosis of SACs in SAP was 41.7%(5/12),which was higher than that of pancreatic CEUS(0%).CONCLUSION:Splenic CEUS is a supplementary method for pancreatic CEUS in AP patients,which can decrease missed diagnosis of SACs. | Di-Ming Cai Shyam Sundar Parajuly Wen-Wu Ling Yong-Zhong Li Yan Luo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，4： | 8 |
| 18 | Human neural stem cell transplants to address multiple pathologies associated with traumatic brain injury显示文摘Traumatic brain injury (TBI), an unmet need: TBI is an alteration in brain function caused by an external force with evidence of brain pathology. It could be from a bump, blow, blast or jolt to the head including penetrating the cranium. TBI is a public health concern worldwide due to its economic impact. Most TBIs are survivable, do not need hospitalization but may influence productivity. A smaller percentage of TBI due to falls or penetrating TBI (PTBI) needs hospitalization and accounts for largest fraction of TBI care costs. | Helene Clervius Mirza Baig Anil Mahavadi Shyam Gajavelli | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，10： | 7 |
| 19 | Equal Efficacy of Endoscopic and Surgical Cystogastrostomy for Pancreatic Pseudocyst Drainage in a Randomized Trial显示文摘 | Shyam Varadarajulu Ji Young Bang Bryce S. Sutton Jessica M. Trevino John D. Christein C. Mel Wilcox | 2013 | Gastroenterology2013，，： | 6 |
| 20 | A Comparison of SWAT Model Calibration Techniques for Hydrological Modeling in the Ganga River Watershed显示文摘恒河是印度最长的河流,目前正遭受人类活动和气候变化的影响,其中瓦拉纳西区域所受的影响尤为严重。预计气候变化和不断扩张的人口会进一步影响水资源的有效利用。本研究利用水土评价工具(soil and water assessment tool,SWAT)模型进行水文模拟,研究区选择恒河流经的印度北方邦南部地区,覆盖面积达15 621.612 km^2。本研究主要目标如下:(1)检验SWAT模型在径流和产沙量预测方面的可行性和适用性,(2)对序贯不确定性分析(SUFI-2)、普适似然不确定性估计(GLUE)和并行求解(ParaSol)这3种常规校准算法进行对比分析,并确定出最佳校准算法。SWAT模型中输入数据的来源为航天飞机雷达地形测绘任务(SRTM)获取的数字高程模型(DEM)、Landsat-8卫星图像、土壤数据和逐日气象数据。首先,本研究将研究流域划分为46个子流域,使用土地利用/土地覆被(LULC)图和土壤图创建了水文响应单元(HRU)。然后,构建了基于SUFI-2、GLUE和ParaSol算法的模型,并基于5类标准对这些校准算法进行了比较,标准包括目标函数、使用概念、性能、P因子和R因子值。研究结果表明:(1) SUFI-2算法需要的运行时间较少,同时校准结果最好,ParaSol算法最差;(2)使用SUFI-2算法对模型进行校准后,获得对模拟结果影响最显著的5个敏感参数——主河道水力传导率(CH_K2)、USLE方程水土保持因子(USLE_P)、主河道曼宁系数值(CH_N2)、地表径流滞后时间(SURLAG)以及土壤有效含水量(SOL_AWC);(3) 40号子流域(SW#40)产生的径流量最大,土地利用类型为荒地的36号子流域(SW#36)的产沙量最大,达到50 t·a^(–1)。研究区的平均蒸散量为411.55 mm·a^(–1)。校准后的模型可以用于探究未来LULC的变化、气候变化和土壤侵蚀的影响。 | Nikita Shivhare Prabhat Kumar Singh Dikshir Shyam Bihari Dwivedi | 2018 | Engineering2018，4，5： | 6 |
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