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| 1 | 最新AD研究用诊断标准:IWG-2标准显示文摘在过去的8年中,国际工作组织(IWG)和美国国立老化研究院-阿尔茨海默协会(NIA-AA)建立了阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断标准,它能更好地定义AD的临床表型,整合了生物标记物于诊断流程中,并覆盖了疾病的全程。本意见书充分地权衡了IWG标准的优缺点,建议改进诊断框架。依据这些改进,AD的诊断变得简单,只要有恰当的AD临床表型(典型或不典型)和与AD的病理相一致的病理生理学生物标志物出现。我们认为疾病的下游的定位性生物标志,如容积性磁共振成像(MRI)和氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射型计算机断层成像(FDG-PET)等,适合更好地测量和监测疾病过程。本文还详述了非典型性AD、混合性AD和AD临床前期的特异诊断标准。 | 陈刚 曹雯炜 俞羚 糜建华 Dubois B Feldman HH Jacova C Hampel H Molinuevo JL Blennow K DeK osky ST Gauthier S Selkoe D Bateman R Cappa S Crutch S Engelborghs S Frisoni GB Fox NC Galasko D Habert MO Jicha GA Nordberg A Pasquier F Rabinovici G Robert P Rowe C Salloway S Sarazin M Epelbaum S de Souza LC Vellas B Visser PJ Schneider L Stern Y Scheltens P Cummings JL | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 31 |
| 2 | Effects of Saccharomycesboulardiion fecal short-chain fatty acids and microflora in patients on long-term total enteral nutrition显示文摘AIM: To assess the effects of Sb on fecal flora and shortchain fatty acids (SCFA) in patients on long-term TEN.METHODS: Ten patients (3 females, 7 males, 59±5.5 years),on TEN for a median of 13 mo (1-125), and 15 healthy volunteers (4 females, 11 males, 32±2.0 years) received Sb (0.5 g bid PO) for 6 d. Two stool samples were taken before, on the last 2 d and 9-10 d after treatment, for SCFA measurement and for culture and bacterial identification.Values (mean±SE) were compared using sign tests and ANOVA.RESULTS: Fecal butyrate levels were lower in patients(10.1±2.9 mmol/kg) than in controls (19.2±3.9, P= 0.02).Treatment with Sb increased total fecal SCFA levels in patients (150.2±27.2 vs 107.5±18.2 mmol/kg, P = 0.02)but not in controls (129.0±28.6 vs 113.0±15.2 mmol/kg,NS). At the end of treatment with Sb, patients had higher fecal butyrate (16.0±4.4 vs 10.1 [2.9] mmol/kg, P = 0.004).Total SCFAs remained high 9 d after treatment was discontinued. Before the treatment, the anaerobe to aerobe ratio was lower in patients compared to controls (2.4±2.3 vs69.8±1.8, P = 0.003). There were no significant changes in the fecal flora of TEN patients.CONCLUSION: Sb-induced increase of fecal SCFA concentrations (especially butyrate) may explain the preventive effects of this yeast on TEN-induced diarrhea. | Stéphane M Schneider Fernand Girard-Pipau Jér(o|^)me Filippi Xavier Hébuterne Dominique Moyse Gustavo Calle Hinojosa Anne Pompei Patrick Rampal | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，39： | 26 |
| 3 | 新型两级增压BMW6缸共轨直喷式柴油机显示文摘从2004年秋季开始,BMW公司在其顶级3.0L直列6缸共轨直喷式柴油机上,在世界轿车柴油机领域内首次采用了两级废气涡轮增压。这种技术除了能将比功率提高到67kW/L之外,还可将可用转速范围从4000r/min扩展到5000r/min,从而能达到迄今为止只有8缸柴油机才能达到的行驶功率,而且MVEG行驶循环燃油耗只有8.0L/100km。 | Steinparzer F | 2006 | 国外内燃机2006，38，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: Lessons learned and unresolved issues显示文摘The use of liver transplantation(LT) as a treatment for alcoholic liver disease(ALD) has been highly controversial since the beginning. The ever increasing shortage of organs has accentuated the low priority given to patients suffering from ALD, which is considered a 'self-inflicted' condition. However, by improving the long-term survival rates, making them similar to those from other indications, and recognizing that alcoholism is a primary disease, ALD has become one of the most common indications for LT in Europe and North America, a situation thought unfathomable thirty years ago. Unfortunately, there are still many issues with the use of this procedure for ALD. There are significant relapse rates, and the consequences of excessive drinking after LT range from asymptomatic biochemical and histological abnormalities to graft failure and death. A minimum three-month period of sobriety is required for an improvement in liver function, thus making LT unnecessary, and to demonstrate the patient's commitment to the project, even though a longer abstinence period does not guarantee lower relapse rates after LT. Recent data have shown that LT is also effective for severe alcoholic hepatitis when the patient is unresponsive to corticosteroids therapy, with low relapse rates in highly selected patients, although these results must be confirmed before LT becomes a standard procedure in this setting. Finally, LT for ALD is accompanied by an increased risk of de novo solid organ cancer, skin cancer, and lymphoproliferative disorders, which has a large impact on the survival rates. | José Ursic-Bedoya Stéphanie Faure Hélène Donnadieu-Rigole Georges-Philippe Pageaux | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，39： | 3 |
| 5 | Interval Training Normalizes Cardiomyocyte Function, Diastolic Ca2+ Control, and SR Ca2+ Release Synchronicity in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy显示文摘 | Tomas O. St?len Morten Andre H?ydal Ole Johan Kemi Daniele Catalucci Marcello Ceci Ellen Aasum Terje Larsen Natale Rolim Gianluigi Condorelli Godfrey L. Smith Ulrik Wisl?ff | 2009 | Circulation Research2009，，6： | 2 |
| 6 | Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) kinetics during nucleoside/nucleotide analogue therapy: Finite treatment duration unlikely显示文摘 | Stéphane Chevaliez Christophe Hézode Stéphane Bahrami Marion Grare Jean-Michel Pawlotsky | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Folic acid supplementation, MTHFR and MTRR polymorphisms, and the risk of childhood leukemia: the ESCALE study (SFCE)显示文摘 | Alicia Amigou Jérémie Rudant Laurent Orsi Stéphanie Goujon-Bellec Guy Leverger André Baruchel Yves Bertrand Brigitte Nelken Geneviève Plat Gérard Michel Stéphanie Haouy Pascal Chastagner Stéphane Ducassou Xavier Rialland Denis Hémon Jacqueline Clavel | 2012 | Cancer Causes & Control2012，，8： | 2 |
| 8 | Optimal management of the pancreatic remnant after pancreaticoduodenectomy 显示文摘 | Marcus ST Cohen H Ranson JHC | 1995 | Ann Surg1995，221，： | 2 |
| 9 | Crystal structures and cation distributions in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements:MgCr2O4,ZnCr2O4,Fe3O4 and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4显示文摘 | O'Neill H St C Dollase W A | 1994 | Phys Chem Miner1994，20，8： | 1 |
| 10 | In vitro MR imaging of regulated gene expression显示文摘 | Alfke H Stppler H Heverhagen JT | 2003 | Radiology2003，228，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Reconstruction of Current Profile Parameters and Plasma Shapes in Tokamaks显示文摘 | Lao L L St John H | 1985 | Nuclear Fusion1985，25，11： | 1 |
| 12 | Abnormal organic matter maturation in the Yinggehai Basin, offshore South China Sea:implications for hydrocarbon expulsion and fluid migration from overpressured systems显示文摘 | Hao F Li ST Dong W H | 1998 | Journal of Petroleum Geology1998，21，： | 1 |
| 13 | Experimental petrochemistry of some highly siderophile elements at high temperatures, and some implication for ore formation and the mantles early history显示文摘 | ONEILL H ST C DINGWELL D B BORISOV A | 1995 | Chem Geol1995，120，： | 1 |
| 14 | Evaluation of liver hepatic function in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing hepatectomy显示文摘 | Lau H Man K Fan ST | 1997 | Br J Surg1997，84，9： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of endothelin-1on the vascular smooth muscle cell cycle显示文摘 | Yu ST Yu CC Wong H | 1991 | J Cardiovasc Pharmacol1991，17，7： | 1 |
| 16 | The arachnoid sleeve enveloping the pituitary stalk: anatomical and histologic study 显示文摘 | Qi ST Zhang XA Long H | 2010 | Neurosurgery2010，66，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Comparison of sufentanil versusfentanyl in ventilated term neonates显示文摘 | Schmidt B Adelmann C St utzer H | 2010 | KIin Padiatr2010，222，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Targeting GRK2by gene therapy for heart failure:benefits above betablockade显示文摘 | Reinkober J Tscheschner H Pleger ST | 2012 | Gene Ther2012，19，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Changes in three types of ubiquitin mRNA and ubiquitin-protein conjugate levels during lens development 显示文摘 | Yang S Wang-Su ST Cai H | 2002 | Exp Eye Res2002，74，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Mechanism of U wave and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in a canine tissue model of Andersen-Tawil syndrome显示文摘 | Morita H Zipes DP Morita ST | 2007 | Cardiovasc Res2007，75，3： | 1 |
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