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| 1 | Argon reduces microglial activation and inflammatory cytokine expression in retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury显示文摘We previously found that argon exerts its neuroprotective effect in part by inhibition of the toll-like receptors(TLR)2 and 4.The downstream transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)are also affected by argon and may play a role in neuroprotection.It also has been demonstrated that argon treatment could mitigate brain damage,reduce excessive microglial activation,and subsequently attenuate brain inflammation.Despite intensive research,the further exact mechanism remains unclear.In this study,human neuroblastoma cells were damaged in vitro with rotenone over a period of 4 hours(to mimic cerebral ischemia and reperfusion damage),followed by a 2-hour post-conditioning with argon(75%).In a separate in vivo experiment,retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced in rats by increasing intraocular pressure for 1 hour.Upon reperfusion,argon was administered by inhalation for 2 hours.Argon reduced the binding of the transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,nuclear factor kappa B,activator protein 1,and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,which are involved in regulation of neuronal damage.Flow cytometry analysis showed that argon downregulated the Fas ligand.Some transcription factors were regulated by toll-like receptors;therefore,their effects could be eliminated,at least in part,by the TLR2 and TLR4 inhibitor oxidized phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine(OxPAPC).Argon treatment reduced microglial activation after retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.Subsequent quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed a reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin(IL-1α),IL-1β,IL-6,tumor necrosis factorα,and inducible nitric oxide synthase.Our results suggest that argon reduced the extent of inflammation in retinal neurons after ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppression of transcription factors crucial for microglial activation.Argon has no known side effects or narcotic properties;therefore,therapeutic use of this noble gas appears ideal for treatment of patients with neuronal damage in retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.The animal experiments were approved by the Commission for Animal Care of the University of Freiburg(approval No.35-9185.81/G14-122)on October 19,2012. | Ulrich Goebel Stefanie Scheid Sashko Spassov Nils Schallner Jakob Wollborn Hartmut Buerkle Felix Ulbrich | 2021 | Neural Regeneration Research2021，16，1： | 8 |
| 2 | Mg 6 Ni formation in rapidly quenched amorphous Mg–Ni alloys显示文摘 | St. Todorova T. Spassov | 2008 | Journal of Alloys and Compounds2008，，1： | 2 |
| 3 | New bioactive chalcones in propolis from E1 Salvador显示文摘 | Popova M Bankova V Spassov S | 2001 | Z Naturforsch2001，56，78： | 1 |
| 4 | Mouse Puml and Pum2 genes, members of the Pumilio family of RNA-binding proteins, show differential expression in fetal and adult hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors显示文摘 | Spassov DS Jurecic R | 2003 | Blood Cells Mol Dis2003，30，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Factors affecting complications development and mortality after single lung transplant显示文摘Lung transplantation(LT)is a life-saving therapeutic procedure that prolongs survival in patients with end-stage lung disease.Furthermore,as a therapeutic option for high-risk candidates,single LT(SLT)can be feasible because the immediate morbidity and mortality after transplantation are lower compared to sequential single(double)LT(SSLTx).Still,the long-term overall survival is,in general,better for SSLTx.Despite the great success over the years,the early post-SLT period remains a perilous time for these patients.Patients who undergo SLT are predisposed to evolving early or late postoperative complications.This review emphasizes factors leading to post-SLT complications in the early and late periods including primary graft dysfunction and chronic lung allograft dysfunction,native lung complications,anastomosis complications,infections,cardiovascular,gastrointestinal,renal,and metabolite complications,and their association with morbidity and mortality in these patients.Furthermore,we discuss the incidence of malignancy after SLT and their correlation with immunosuppression therapy. | Metodija Sekulovski Bilyana Simonska Milena Peruhova Boris Krastev Monika Peshevska-Sekulovska Lubomir Spassov Tsvetelina Velikova | 2021 | World Journal of Transplantation2021，11，8： | 1 |
| 6 | 显示文摘 | Atanassova E Spassov D | 2006 | Microelectronic Engi neering2006，83，： | 1 |
| 7 | Grain-growth in nanocrystalline zirconium-based alloys显示文摘 | T. Spassov U. K?ster | 1993 | Journal of Materials Science1993，，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Thermal stability and hydriding properties of nanocrystalline melt-spun Mg63Ni30Y7 alloy 显示文摘 | SPASSOV T KOSTR U | 1998 | Journal of Alloys and Compounds1998，279，27： | 1 |
| 9 | Isolation and partial characterization of extracellular keratinase from a wool degrading thermophilic actinomycete strain Therno actinomyces candidus 显示文摘 | Ignatova Z Gousterovw A Spassov G | 1999 | Can J Microbiol1999，45，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Effect of matrix on (S)-p-chlorodiphenylmethanol production by immobilized Debaryomyces marama显示文摘 | Christov P Spassov G Pramatarova V | 1999 | Process Biochemistry1999，34，： | 1 |
| 11 | Cloning and characterization of Hepp,a novel gene expressed preferentially in hematopoietic progenitors and mature blood cells显示文摘 | Abdullah JM Jing X Spassov D S | 2001 | Blood cells molecules&diseases2001，27，3： | 1 |
| 12 | 显示文摘 | Spassov T Solsonab P Surinachb S | 2002 | Journal of Alloys and Compounds2002，345，： | 1 |
| 13 | A lock-in model for the complex Matuyama-Brunhes boundary record of the loess/palae- osol sequence at Lingtai ( Central Chinese Loess Plateau ) 显示文摘 | Spassov S Heller F Evans M E | 2003 | Geophysical Journal International2003，155，： | 1 |
| 14 | Isolation and partial characterization of extracellular keratinase from a wool degraging thermophilic actimomycete strain Thermoatinoc atinomyces candidus 显示文摘 | Ignatova Z Gousterova A Spassov G Nedkov P | 1999 | Canadian Microbiol1999，45，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Nanocrystallization and hydrogen storage in rapidly solidified Mg-Ni-RE alloys 显示文摘 | Spassov T Rangelova V Neykov N | 2002 | J Alloys Comp2002，334，： | 1 |
| 16 | Primary crystallization kinetics in rapidly quenched Mg-based Mg-Ni-Y alloys 显示文摘 | Rangelova V Spassov T | 2002 | J Alloys Comp2002，345，： | 1 |
| 17 | Effects of GABAB receptor antagonists on learning and memory retention in a rat model of absence epilepsy显示文摘 | Getova D Bowery NG Spassov V | 1997 | Eur J Pharmacol1997，320，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Hydrogenation of amorphous and nanocrystalline Mg-based alloys 显示文摘 | SPASSOV T KOSTER U | 1999 | Journal of Alloys and Compounds1999，287，： | 1 |
| 19 | Hydrogenation of amorphous and nanocrystalline Mg-based alloys 显示文摘 | Tony Spassov Uwekoster | 1999 | Journal of Alloys and Com- pounds1999，287，： | 1 |
| 20 | Influence of the metal electrode on the characteristics of thermal Ta2O5 capacitors显示文摘 | Atanassova E Spassov D Paskaleva A | 2006 | Microelectron Eng2006，83，： | 1 |
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