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| 1 | Evolution of transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer:From top to bottom显示文摘The gold standard for curative treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer involves radical resection with a total mesorectal excision(TME). TME is the most effective treatment strategy to reduce local recurrence and improve survival outcomes regardless of the surgical platform used. However, there are associated morbidities, functional consequences, and quality of life(QoL) issues associated with TME; these risks must be considered during the modern-day multidisciplinary treatment for rectal cancer. This has led to the development of new surgical techniques to improve patient, oncologic, and QoL outcomes. In this work, we review the evolution of TME to the transanal total mesorectal excision(TaTME) through more traditional minimally invasive platforms. The review the development, safety and feasibility, proposed benefits and risks of the procedure, implementation and education models, and future direction for research and implementation of the TaTME in colorectal surgery. While satisfactory short-term results have been reported, the procedure is in its infancy, and long term outcomes and definitive results from controlled trials are pending.As evidence for safety and feasibility accumulates,structured training programs to standardize teaching,training, and safe expansion will aid the safe spread of the TaTME. | Sameh Hany Emile F Borja de Lacy Deborah Susan Keller Beatriz Martin-Perez Sadir Alrawi Antonio M Lacy Manish Chand | 2018 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2018，10，3： | 18 |
| 2 | Oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in a normal colon epithelial cell line显示文摘AIM To determine how a normal human colon cell line reacts to microbial challenge as a way to study oxidative stress-induced responses associated with inflammatory bowel disease.METHODS Normal human colon epithelial cells(ATCC?CRL.1790?)were stimulated with either heat killed E.coli or heat killed murine cecal contents(HKC)and examined for several relevant biomarkers associated with inflammation and oxidative stress including cytokine production,mitochondrial autophagy and oxidant status.TNFα,IL-1βand IL-8 protein concentrations were measured within the supernatants.Fluorescent microscopy was performed to quantify the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)using an oxidation responsive fluorogenic probe.Mitochondrial morphology and mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed by dual staining using COXIV antibody and a dye concentrating in active mitochondria.Mitochondrial ROS scavenger was used to determine the source of ROS in stimulated cells.Autophagy was detected by staining for the presence of autophagic vesicles.Positive controls for autophagy and ROS/RNS experiments were treated with rapamycin and chloroquine.Mitochondrial morphology,ROS production and autophagy microscopy experiments were analyzed using a custom acquisition and analysis microscopy software(Image J).RESULTS Exposing CRL.1790 cells to microbial challenge stimulated cells to produce several relevant biomarkers associated with inflammation and oxidative stress.Heat killed cecal contents treatment induced a 10-12fold increase in IL-8 production by CRL.1790 cells compared to unstimulated controls at 6 and 12 h(P<0.001).Heat killed E.coli stimulation resulted in a4-5 fold increase in IL-8 compared to the unstimulated control cells at each time point(P<0.001).Both heat killed E.coli and HKC stimulated robust ROS production at 6(P<0.001),and 12 h(P<0.01).Mitochondrial morphologic abnormalities were detected at 6 and12 h based on reduced mitochondrial circularity and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential,P<0.01.Microbial stimulation also induced significant autophagy at 6 and 12 h,P<0.01.Lastly,blocking mitochondrial ROS generation using mitochondrial specific ROS scavenger reversed microbial challenge induced mitochondrial morphologic abnormalities and autophagy.CONCLUSION The findings from this study suggest that CRL.1790cells may be a useful alternative to other colon cancer cell lines in studying the mechanisms of oxidative stress events associated with intestinal inflammatory disorders. | Nandakumar Packiriswamy Kari F Coulson Susan J Holcombe Lorraine M Sordillo | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，19： | 3 |
| 3 | Knowledge, perception and practices about malaria, climate change, livelihoods and food security among rural communities of central Tanzania显示文摘Background:Understanding the interactions between malaria and agriculture in Tanzania is of particular significance when considering that they are the major sources of illness and livelihoods.The objective of this study was to determine knowledge,perceptions and practices as regards to malaria,climate change,livelihoods and food insecurity in a rural farming community in central Tanzania.Methods:Using a cross-sectional design,heads of households were interviewed on their knowledge and perceptions on malaria transmission,symptoms and prevention and knowledge and practices as regards to climate change and food security.Results:A total of 399 individuals(mean age=39.8±15.5 years)were interviewed.Most(62.41%)of them had attained primary school education and majority(91.23%)were involved in crop farming activities.Nearly all(94.7%)knew that malaria is acquired through a mosquito bite.Three quarters(73%)reported that most people get sick from malaria during the rainy season.About 50%of the respondents felt that malaria had decreased during the last 10 years.The household coverage of insecticide treated mosquito nets(ITN)was high(95.5%).Ninety-six percent reported to have slept under a mosquito net the previous night.Only one in four understood the official Kiswahili term(Mabadiliko ya Tabia Nchi)for climate change.However,there was a general understanding that the rain patterns have changed in the past 10 years.Sixty-two percent believed that the temperature has increased during the same period.Three quarters of the respondents reported that they had no sufficient production from their own farms to guarantee food security in their household for the year.Three quarters(73.0%)reported to having food shortages in the past five years.About half said they most often experienced severe food shortage during the rainy season.Conclusion:Farming communities in Kilosa District have little knowledge on climate change and its impact on malaria burden.Food insecurity is common and community-based strategies to mitigate this need to be established.The findings call for an integrated control of malaria and food insecurity interventions. | Benjamin K Mayala Carolyn A Fahey Dorothy Wei Maria M Zinga Venera M Bwana Tabitha Mlacha Susan F Rumisha Grades Stanley Elizabeth H Shayo Leonard EG Mboera | 2015 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2015，4，1： | 2 |
| 4 | The Impact of E-commerce on Supply Chain Relationships 显示文摘 | Susan L Golicic Donna F Davis Teresa M McCar-thy John T Mentzer | 2002 | International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management2002，32，910： | 1 |
| 5 | Detection of growth factors and proto-oncogene mRNA in the growing tip of red deer (Cervus elaphus) antler using reverse-tran- scriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) 显示文摘 | Susan M F James M S | 1998 | Zoology1998，281，： | 1 |
| 6 | EQ-5D visual analog scale andutility index values in individuals with diabetes and atrisk for diabetes:Findings from the Study to Help Im-prove Early evaluation and management of risk factorsLeading to Diabetes(SHIELD) 显示文摘 | Susan G Kathleen M F | 2008 | Health and Quality ofLife Outcomes2008，6，： | 1 |
| 7 | The nu- tritive value of non-milk proteins for the preruminant calf: the effect of replacement of milk protein by soya-bean flour or fish-protein concentrate 显示文摘 | ROY J H B STOBO I J F SUSAN M | 1977 | The British Journal of Nutrition1977，38，： | 1 |
| 8 | A comparison of parathyroid hormone‐related protein (1‐36) and parathyroid hormone (1‐34) on markers of bone turnover and bone density in postmenopausal women: The PrOP study显示文摘 | Mara J Horwitz Marilyn Augustine Leila Kahn Emily Martin Christine C Oakley Raquel M Carneiro Mary Beth Tedesco Angela Laslavic Susan M Sereika Alessandro Bisello Adolfo Garcia‐Oca?a Caren M Gundberg Jane A Cauley Andrew F Stewart | 2013 | J Bone Miner Res2013，，11： | 1 |
| 9 | Not just a grain of rice: the quest for quality显示文摘 | Melissa A F Susan R M Robert D H | 2009 | J Trends in Plant Sci2009，14，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Total synthesis of (+)-thienamycin显示文摘 | D B Johnson Susan M Schmitt F Aileen Bouffard | 1978 | J Am Chem Soc1978，100，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Hyperhomocysteinemia-an emerging and import risk factor for thromboembolic and cardiovascular disease 显示文摘 | Susan C Louis M Vivian F | 1996 | Clin Chem1996，106，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Culture of adipose tissue and isolated adipocytes methods molbiol显示文摘 | Susan K F Naima M M | 2001 | Human a Press Inc2001，155，： | 1 |
| 13 | Bio- control agents applied individually and in combination for suppression of soilborne diseases of cucumber 显示文摘 | DANIEL P R SCOTF M L SUSAN L F | 2005 | Crop Protection2005，24，： | 1 |
| 14 | Strain partit i oning between structural domains in the forearc of the Hikurangi subducton zone, New Zealand显示文摘 | Cashman Harvey M Kelsey Craig F | 1992 | Tectonics1992，112，： | 1 |
| 15 | Effects of geldanamycin on hatching and juvenile motility in Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterodera glycines 显示文摘 | Andrea M S Keli A Susan F M | 2005 | Journal of Chemical Ecology2005，1，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Effect of temperature on expression of genes encoding enzymes for starch biosynthesis in developing wheat endosperm显示文摘 | William J H Kent F M Susan B A | 2003 | Plant Science2003，164，： | 1 |
| 17 | Estimated global incidence of Japanese encephalitis: a systematic review显示文摘 | Campbell Grant L Hills Susan L Fischer Marc Jacobson Julie A Hoke Charles H Hombach Joachim M Marfin Anthony A Solomon Tom Tsai Theodore F Tsu Vivien D Ginsburg Amy S | 2011 | World Health Organization. Bulletin of the World Health Organization2011，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Dietary Sources of Nutrients among US Adults, 1989 to 1991显示文摘 | AMY F SUBAR SUSAN M KREBS-SMITH ANNETTA COOK LISA L KAHLE | 1998 | Journal of the American Dietetic Association1998，，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Technology Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment in the Indian Pharma- ceutical Industry 显示文摘 | SUSAN E F SUMIT K M | 2001 | Journal of International Busi ness Studies2001，32，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Clinical measurement of sit-to-stand performance in people with balance disorders: Validity of data for the five-times-sit-to-stand test 显示文摘 | Susan L W Dina M W Gregory F M | 2005 | Physical Therapy2005，85，11： | 1 |
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