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| 1 | 澳大利亚临床共识指南:儿童卒中的诊断和急性期处理显示文摘卒中是导致儿童死亡的十大原因之一,幸存的致残患儿将面临几十年的残疾生活,给患儿及其家庭带来了巨大负担。由于安全性和有效性的证据有限,以及诊断的延误,目前卒中患儿无法接受再灌注治疗。儿童卒中诊断和急性期处理的澳大利亚临床共识指南,旨在最大限度地减少临床诊疗中的不确定性,并记录与成人卒中不同的危险因素、病因和假性卒中情况的最佳证据。临床问题的阐述来自于对2007年至2017年数据库的系统检索,但仅限于英语和儿科研究。该指南应用SIGN方法和国家健康与医学研究委员会系统对证据进行筛选和分类,通过推荐、评估、发展和评价系统(GRADE系统)对推荐进行强弱分级。该指南提供了60多项基于证据的推荐,以帮助参与院前和急症处理的临床医师快速识别儿童卒中,选择最合适的初步检查方案来确定诊断、明确病因,并选择最恰当的干预措施以挽救脑组织、预防复发。同时,指南也提供了颅内压和先天性心脏病管理方面的推荐。该指南的实施需要将院前和急诊系统重组,包括建立区域性卒中网络,建立儿科卒中疾病编码,快速MRI,以及对能够提供再灌注治疗的初级儿科卒中中心进行认证。该指南能够审核治疗的基准时间线,获得急性期的干预措施及预后判断。它还将促进澳大利亚儿童卒中登记的发展,并与国际登记处建立数据联系,以便准确收集卒中发病率、治疗和结果相关的数据。 | Medley TL Miteff C Andrews I Ware T Cheung M Monagle P Mandelstam S Wray A Pridmore C Troedson C Dale RC Fahey M Sinclair A Walsh P Stojanovski S Macka MT 徐佳丽(译) 吴川杰(译) 肖潇(译) 吕俊萱(译) 张博维(译) 吉训明(译) | 2019 | 中国脑血管病杂志2019，16，4： | 9 |
| 2 | 蛋白酶和木聚糖酶对育肥猪的生长性能、营养消化率以及粪便气味的影响显示文摘菜籽粕(RSM)和小麦干酒糟及其可溶物(DDGS)作为副产物可应用到猪的日粮中。然而,与小麦和豆粕型日粮相比,RSM和DDGS中含有较高的非淀粉多糖(NSP),其可限制猪对日粮的有效利用。采用2×2因素试验设计研究生长育肥猪饲粮中添加木聚糖酶(0和200mg·kg-1)和蛋白酶(0和200mg·kg-1)对其生长性能、胴体品质、表观回肠消化率、全消化道养分消化率及粪便气体排放的影响及两种酶之间的相互作用。试验1,对猪的生长性能进行评估。将体重为34.2±2.1kg的育肥猪128头随机分配到4个处理组:以DDGS(300g·kg-1)和RSM(210g·kg-1)的基础日粮;基础日粮中添加蛋白酶200mg·kg-1;基础日粮中添加木聚糖酶200mg·kg-1;基础日粮中添加蛋白酶200mg·kg-1和木聚糖酶200mg·k-1。试验1中,在生长育肥-出栏期间(0~出栏),日粮中添加蛋白酶的试验猪较不添加蛋白酶的试验猪相比具有较低的平均日增重(ADG)(P〈0.001)。生长阶段(0—28d),蛋白酶和木聚糖酶对猪的日均采食量(ADFI,P〈0.01)和体重(BW,P〈0.01)的影响存在相互作用。在育肥阶段(28d~出栏),日粮中添加蛋白酶和木聚糖酶的试验猪与仅添加一种没酶的试验猪相比具有较低的ADFI和BW。然而,蛋白酶和木聚糖酶的相互作用在生长期间(0~28d)内并不显著。试验2,选择体重78±2.3kg公猪24只,将其置于代谢笼中进行代谢试验,试验期间按照试验l中的日粮进行饲喂。木聚糖酶和蛋白酶对总能(GE)中的AID存在相互作用(P〈0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加蛋白酶可以增加GE中的AID,但饲粮中添加两种酶时可降低GE中的AID。饲粮中添加木聚糖酶交不添加木聚糖组相比,猪粪便的臭气排放量降低(598和1306OuE/m3;P〈0.05)。研究表明,蛋白酶可提高GE的AID;木聚糖酶可以减少粪便异味的排放,然而当生长猪育肥以RSM和DDGS为基础饲粮时,两种酶均不能提高其生长性能。 | O'Shea C J Mc Alpine P O Solan P Curran T Varley P F Walsh A M Doherty J V O | 2014 | 饲料博览2014，0，10： | 4 |
| 3 | Simulation in endoscopy:Practical educational strategies to improve learning显示文摘In gastrointestinal endoscopy, simulation-based training can help endoscopists acquire new skills and accelerate the learning curve. Simulation creates an ideal environment for trainees, where they can practice specific skills, perform cases at their own pace, and make mistakes with no risk to patients. Educators also benefit from the use of simulators, as they can structure training according to learner needs and focus solely on the trainee. Not all simulation-based training,however, is effective. To maximize benefits from this instructional modality,educators must be conscious of learners' needs, the potential benefits of training,and associated costs. Simulation should be integrated into training in a manner that is grounded in educational theory and empirical data. In this review, we focus on four best practices in simulation-based education: deliberate practice with mastery learning, feedback and debriefing, contextual learning, and innovative educational strategies. For each topic, we provide definitions,supporting evidence, and practical tips for implementation. | Rishad Khan Michael A Scaffidi Samir C Grover Nikko Gimpaya Catharine M Walsh | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2019，11，3： | 3 |
| 4 | Riblet drag reduction at flight conditions显示文摘 | Walsh M J Sellers W L McGinley C B | 1989 | J Aircraft1989，26，： | 1 |
| 5 | Protonated titanates and TiO2 nanostructured materials : synthesis, properties, and applications 显示文摘 | Bavykin D V Friedrich J M Walsh F C | 2006 | Advanced Materials2006，18，： | 1 |
| 6 | Antibiotics for emerging pathogens显示文摘 | Fischbach M A Walsh C T | 2009 | Science2009，325，5944： | 1 |
| 7 | Axially coordinated porphyrins as new rotaxane stoppers显示文摘 | Chichak K Walsh M C Branda N R | 2000 | Chem Commu2000，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Net 2-beam-coupling Gain in a Polymeric Photorefractive Material显示文摘 | Donckers M C J M Silence S M Walsh C A | 1993 | Optics Letters1993，18，13： | 1 |
| 9 | Spit tobacco cessation intervention for college athletes:results after one year 显示文摘 | Walsh MW J F Hilton C M Masousredis | 1999 | American Journal of Public Health1999，89，： | 1 |
| 10 | IL-32 synergizes with nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD) 1 and NOD2 ligands for IL-1 and IL-6 production through a caspase 1-dependent mechanism显示文摘 | Netea M G Azam T Ferwerda G Girardin S E Walsh M Park J S Abraham E Kim J M Yoon D Y Dinarello C A and Kim S H | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Emergence of a new antibiotic resistance mechanism in India, Pakistan, and the UK: a molecular, biological, and epidemiological study 显示文摘 | Kumarasamy KK Toleman MA Walsh TR Bagaria J Butt F Balakrishnan R Chaudhary U Doumith M Giske CG Irfan S Krishnan P Kumar AV Maharjan S Mushtaq S Noorie T Paterson DL Pearson A Perry C Pike R Rao B Ray U Sarma JB Sharma M Sheridan E Thirunarayan MA Turton J Upadhyay S Warner M Welfare W Livermore DM Woodford N | 2010 | Lancet Infect Dis2010，10，9： | 1 |
| 12 | Energy and battery manage- ment of a plug - in series hybrid electric vehicle using fuzzy logic 显示文摘 | Li S G Sharkh S M Walsh F C | 2011 | IEEE Transaetions on Vehicle Technology2011，60，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Protonated titanates and TiO2 nanostructured materials:Synthesis,properties,and applications显示文摘 | Bavykin D V Friedrich J M Walsh F C | 2006 | Advanced Materials2006，18，21： | 1 |
| 14 | Nonholonomic control systems:from steering to stabilization with sinusoids显示文摘 | Teel A R Murray R M Walsh G C | 1995 | International Journal of Control1995，62，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Microsecond simulations of spontaneous methane hydrate nucleation and growth 显示文摘 | Walsh M R Koh C A Sloan E D | 2009 | Science2009，326，5956： | 1 |
| 16 | Efficient photodiodes from interpenetrating polymer networks显示文摘 | Halls J J M Walsh C A Greenham N C | 1995 | Nature1995，376，6540： | 1 |
| 17 | Riblet drag at flight conditions显示文摘 | Walsh M J Sellers W L McGinley C B | 1989 | Journal of Aircraft1989，26，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Cyclization of backbone- substituted peptides catalyzed by the thioesterase domain from the tyrocidine nonribosomal peptide synthetase 显示文摘 | Trauger J W Kohli R M Walsh C T | 2001 | Biochemistry2001，40，24： | 1 |
| 19 | Validation of DNA and RNA real-time assays for food analysis using the hilA gene of Salmonella enterica serovars 显示文摘 | McCabe E M Burgess C M Walsh D | 2011 | Food Microbiol2011，28，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Investigating the enhancing ef- fect of music on autobiographical memory in mild Alzheimer's disease 显示文摘 | Irish M Cunningham C Walsh J | 2006 | Dement Geriatr Cogn2006，22，1： | 1 |
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