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| 1 | On the combined effect of soil fertility and topography on tree growth in subtropical forest ecosystems—a study from SE China显示文摘Aims The aim of our research was to understand small-scale effects of topography and soil fertility on tree growth in a forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning(BEF)experiment in subtropical SE China.Methods Geomorphometric terrain analyses were carried out at a spatial resolution of 5×5 m.Soil samples of different depth increments and data on tree height were collected from a total of 566 plots(667 m2 each).The soils were analyzed for carbon(soil organic carbon[SOC]),nitrogen,acidity,cation exchange capacity(CEC),exchangeable cations and base saturation as soil fertility attributes.All plots were classified into geomorphological units.Analyses of variance and linear regressions were applied to all terrain,soil fertility and tree growth attributes.Important Findings In general,young and shallow soils and relatively small differences in stable soil properties suggest that soil erosion has truncated the soils to a large extent over the whole area of the experiment.This explains the concurrently increasing CEC and SOC stocks downslope,in hollows and in valleys.However,colluvial,carbon-rich sediments are missing widely due to the convexity of the footslopes caused by uplift and removal of eroded sediments by adjacent waterways.The results showed that soil fertility is mainly influenced by topography.Monte-Carlo flow accumulation(MCCA),curvature,slope and aspect significantly affected soil fertility.Furthermore,soil fertility was affected by the different geomorphological positions on the experimental sites with ridge and spur positions showing lower exchangeable base cation contents,especially potassium(K),due to leaching.This geomorphological effect of soil fertility is most pronounced in the topsoil and decreases when considering the subsoil down to 50 cm depth.Few soil fertility attributes affect tree height after 1-2 years of growth,among which C stocks proved to be most important while pH_(KCl)and CEC only played minor roles.Nevertheless,soil acidity and a high proportion of Al on the exchange complex affected tree height even after only 1-2 years growth.Hence,our study showed that forest nutrition is coupled to a recycling of litter nutrients,and does not only depend on subsequent supply of nutrients from the mineral soil.Besides soil fertility,topography affected tree height.We found that especially MCCA as indicator of water availability affected tree growth at small-scale,as well as aspect.Overall,our synthesis on the interrelation between fertility,topography and tree growth in a subtropical forest ecosystem in SE China showed that topographic heterogeneity lead to ecological gradients across geomorphological positions.In this respect,small-scale soil-plant interactions in a young forest can serve as a driver for the future development of vegetation and biodiversity control on soil fertility.In addition,it shows that terrain attributes should be accounted for in ecological research. | Thomas Scholten Philipp Goebes Peter Kühn Steffen Seitz Thorsten Assmann Jürgen Bauhus Helge Bruelheide Francois Buscot Alexandra Erfmeier Markus Fischer Werner Härdtle Jin-Sheng He Keping Ma Pascal A.Niklaus Michael Scherer-Lorenzen Bernhard Schmid Xuezheng Shi Zhengshan Song Goddert von Oheimb Christian Wirth Tesfaye Wubet Karsten Schmidt | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，1： | 22 |
| 2 | National Forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in Germany显示文摘Background:Forests perform various important ecosystem functions that contribute to ecosystem services.In many parts of the world,forest management has shifted from a focus on timber production to multi-purpose forestry,combining timber production with the supply of other forest ecosystem services.However,it is unclear which forest types provide which ecosystem services and to what extent forests primarily managed for timber already supply multiple ecosystem services.Based on a comprehensive dataset collected across 150 forest plots in three regions differing in management intensity and species composition,we develop models to predict the potential supply of 13 ecosystem services.We use those models to assess the level of multifunctionality of managed forests at the national level using national forest inventory data.Results:Looking at the potential supply of ecosystem services,we found trade-offs(e.g.between both bark beetle control or dung decomposition and both productivity or soil carbon stocks)as well as synergies(e.g.for temperature regulation,carbon storage and culturally interesting plants)across the 53 most dominant forest types in Germany.No single forest type provided all ecosystem services equally.Some ecosystem services showed comparable levels across forest types(e.g.decomposition or richness of saprotrophs),while others varied strongly,depending on forest structural attributes(e.g.phosphorous availability or cover of edible plants)or tree species composition(e.g.potential nitrification activity).Variability in potential supply of ecosystem services was only to a lesser extent driven by environmental conditions.However,the geographic variation in ecosystem function supply across Germany was closely linked with the distribution of main tree species.Conclusions:Our results show that forest multifunctionality is limited to subsets of ecosystem services.The importance of tree species composition highlights that a lack of multifunctionality at the stand level can be compensated by managing forests at the landscape level,when stands of complementary forest types are combined.These results imply that multi-purpose forestry should be based on a variety of forest types requiring coordinated planning across larger spatial scales. | Nadja K.Simons María R.Felipe-Lucia Peter Schall Christian Ammer Jürgen Bauhus Nico Blüthgen Steffen Boch François Buscot Markus Fischer Kezia Goldmann Martin M.Gossner Falk Hänsel Kirsten Jung Peter Manning Thomas Nauss Yvonne Oelmann Rodica Pena Andrea Polle Swen C.Renner Michael Schloter Ingo Schöning Ernst-Detlef Schulze Emily F.Solly Elisabeth Sorkau Barbara Stempfhuber Tesfaye Wubet Jörg Müller Sebastian Seibold Wolfgang W.Weisser | 2021 | Forest Ecosystems2021，8，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Linking molecular deadwood-inhabiting fungal diversity and community dynamics to ecosystem functions and processes in Central European forests显示文摘Fungi play vital roles in the decomposition of deadwood due to their secretion of various enzymes that break down plant cell-wall complexes.The compositions of woodinhabiting fungal(WIF)communities change over the course of the decomposition process as the remaining mass of wood decreases and both abiotic and biotic conditions of the wood significantly change.It is currently not resolved which substrate-related factors govern these changes in WIF communities and whether such changes influence the deadwood decomposition rate.Here we report a study on fungal richness and community structure in deadwood of Norway spruce and European beech in temperate forest ecosystems using 454 pyrosequencing.Our aims were to disentangle the factors that correspond to WIF community composition and to investigate the links between fungal richness,taxonomically-resolved fungal identity,and microbial-mediated ecosystem functions and processes by analyzing physico-chemical wood properties,lignin-modifying enzyme activities and wood decomposition rates.Unlike fungal richness,we found significant differences in community structure between deadwood of different tree species.The composition of WIF communities was related to the physico-chemical properties of the deadwood substrates.Decomposition rates and the activities of ligninmodifying enzymes were controlled by the succession of the fungal communities and competition scenarios rather than fungal OTU richness.Our results provide further insights into links between fungal community structure and microbialmediated ecosystem functions and processes. | Björn Hoppe Witoon Purahong Tesfaye Wubet Tiemo Kahl Jürgen Bauhus Tobias Arnstadt Martin Hofrichter François Buscot Dirk Krüger | 2016 | Fungal Diversity2016，，2： | 2 |
| 4 | Preservation of nucleic acids by freeze-drying for next generation sequencing analyses of soil microbial communities显示文摘Aims Soil sample preservation is a challenging aspect in molecular studies on soil microbial communities.The demands for specialized sample storage equipment,chemicals and standardized protocols for nucleic acid extraction often require sample processing in a home laboratory that can be continents apart from sampling sites.Standard sampling procedures,especially when dealing with RNA,comprise immediate snap freezing of soils in liquid nitrogen and storage at−80℃until further processing.For these instances,organizing a reliable cooling chain to transport hundreds of soil samples between continents is very costly,if possible at all.In this study we tested the effect of soil sample preservation by freeze-drying with subsequent short-term storage at 4℃or ambient temperatures compared to−80℃freezing by comparative barcoding analyses of soil microbial communities.Methods Two grassland soil samples were collected in Central Germany in the Biodiversity Exploratory Hainich-Dün.Samples were freeze-dried or stored at−80℃as controls.Freeze-dried samples were stored at 4℃or ambient temperature.Investigated storage times for both storage temperatures were 1 and 7 days.Total DNA and RNA were extracted and bacterial and arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungal communities were analyzed by amplicon 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S(V4-V5 variable region)and 18S(NS31-AM1 fragment)of ribosomal RNA(rRNA)marker genes,respectively.Important Findings Bacterial communities were sufficiently well preserved at the rDNA and rRNA level although storage effects showed as slightly decreased alpha diversity indices for the prolonged storage of freeze-dried samples for 7 days.AM fungal communities could be studied without significant changes at the rDNA and rRNA level.Our results suggest that proper sampling design followed by immediate freeze-drying of soil samples enables short-term transportation of soil samples across continents. | Christina Weißbecker François Buscot Tesfaye Wubet | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Direct comparison of culture-dependent and culture-independent molecular approaches reveal the diversity of fungal endophytic communities in stems of grapevine(Vitis vinifera)显示文摘Grapevines(Vitis vinifera)are colonized by ubiquitous microorganisms known as endophytes,which may have advantageous or neutral effects without causing disease symptoms.Certain endophytes are uncultivable,so culture-independent approaches such as next generation sequencing(NGS)can help for a better understanding of their ecology and distribution.To date,there are no studies which directly link NGS results with taxa derived from a culturing approach,integrating morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of endophytes.In this study,a culture-dependent and high-resolution culture-independent approach(next generation sequencing)were used to identify endophytes in grapevine stems.In the culture-dependent approach,a total of 94 isolates were recovered from 84 of 144 healthy grapevine stem fragments(colonization rate=58.3%).The study is unique as we used subsets of combined multi-gene regions to identify the endophytes to species level.Based on each multi-gene phylogenetic analysis,28 species belong to 19 genera(Acremonium,Alternaria,Arthrinium,Ascorhizoctonia,Aspergillus,Aureobasidium,Bipolaris,Botryosphaeria,Botrytis,Chaetomium,Cladosporium,Curvularia,Hypoxylon,Lasiodiplodia,Mycosphaerella,Nigrospora,Penicillium,Phoma,Scopulariopsis)were identified.A higher number of culturable fungi were obtained from 13 year-old vines,followed by eight and three yearold vines.In the culture-independent approach,a fungal richness of 59 operational taxonomic units(OTU)was detected,being highest in 13 year-old grapevines,followed by eight and three years.Even though the cultivation approach detected lower fungal richness,the results related to stem are consistent for fungal community composition and richness.Comparison of the fungal taxa identified by the two approaches resulted in an overlap of 53%of the fungal genera.Due to interspecific variability of the sequences from NGS,in many cases the OTUs(even with the highly abundant ones)were only assignable to order,family or genus level.Incorporating multi-gene phylogenies we successfully identified many of the NGS derived OTUs with poor taxonomic information in reference databases to the genus or species levels.Hence,this study signifies the importance of applying both culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches to study the fungal endophytic community composition in Vitis vinifera.This principle could also be applied to other host species and ecosystem level studies. | Asha J.Dissanayake Witoon Purahong Tesfaye Wubet Kevin D.Hyde Wei Zhang Haiying Xu Guojun Zhang Chunyuan Fu Mei Liu Qikai Xing Xinghong Li Jiye Yan | 2018 | Fungal Diversity2018，，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Effects of long‐term differential fertilization on eukaryotic microbial communities in an arable soil: a multiple barcoding approach显示文摘 | Guillaume Lentendu Tesfaye Wubet Antonis Chatzinotas Christian Wilhelm Fran?ois Buscot Martin Schlegel | 2014 | Mol Ecol2014，，13： | 1 |
| 7 | Prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Gondar prisoners,North West Ethiopia显示文摘Objective:To assess the prevalence and risk factors of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis among Condar town prisoners.North West Ethiopia.Methods:A cross sectional study was conducted from February to July,2008 in Condar Prison.Prisoners with cough duration of more than two weeks were involved in the study by giving three sputum samples and filling the questionnaires prepared for risk factor assessment.Acid fast staining technique was employed to delect the presence of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli in the sputum samples.Data was analyzed using SPSS version13 computer software and presented in table.Chi-square test was used to assess associations and a P-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant.Results:A total of 384 prisoners,349 male and 35 females,with a mean age of 33.3 years were involved in the study.The prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis among those prisoners with cough duration of more than two wecks was 8.59%.Only the length of imprisonment had a significant association(χ~2= 18.82,P-value<0.0001) with the prevalence of tuberculosis.Conclusions:This study indicated that tuberculosis among prisoners with cough duration of more then two weeks in Gondar prison is very high.Therefore Periodic screening of the prisoners and screening of newly introduced prisoners should be practiced so as to minimise the burden of tuberculosis in prisoners. | Zelalem Addis Emebet Adem Abebe Alemu Wubet Birhan Biniam Mathewos Belaynesh Tachebele Yegnasew Takele | 2015 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2015，8，2： | 0 |
| 8 | Taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungi associated with the invasive weed Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed)显示文摘This article provides morphological descriptions and illustrations of microfungi associated with the invasive weed,Chro-molaena odorata,which were mainly collected in northern Thailand.Seventy-seven taxa distributed in ten orders,23 families(of which Neomassarinaceae is new),12 new genera(Chromolaenicola,Chromolaenomyces,Longiappendispora,Pseudocapulatispora,Murichromolaenicola,Neoophiobolus,Paraleptospora,Pseudoroussoella,Pseudostaurosphaeria,Pseudothyridariella,Setoarthopyrenia,Xenoroussoella),47 new species(Aplosporella chromolaenae,Arthrinium chromolae-nae,Chromolaenicola chiangraiensis,C.lampangensis,C.nanensis,C.thailandensis,Chromolaenomyces appendiculatus,Diaporthe chromolaenae,Didymella chromolaenae,Dyfrolomyces chromolaenae,Leptospora chromolaenae,L.phraeana,Longiappendispora chromolaenae,Memnoniella chromolaenae,Montagnula chiangraiensis,M.chromolaenae,M.chromo-laenicola,M.thailandica,Murichromolaenicola chiangraiensis,M.chromolaenae,Muyocopron chromolaenae,M.chromo-laenicola,Neomassarina chromolaenae,Neoophiobolus chromolaenae,Neopyrenochaeta chiangraiensis,N.chromolaenae,N.thailandica,N.triseptatispora,Nigrograna chromolaenae,Nothophoma chromolaenae,Paraleptospora chromolaenae,P.chromolaenicola,Patellaria chromolaenae,Pseudocapulatispora longiappendiculata,Pseudoroussoella chromolaenae,Pseudostaurosphaeria chromolaenae,P.chromolaenicola,Pseudothyridariella chromolaenae,Pyrenochaetopsis chromolae-nae,Rhytidhysteron chromolaenae,Setoarthopyrenia chromolaenae,Sphaeropsis chromolaenicola,Tremateia chiangraiensis,T.chromolaenae,T.thailandensis,Xenoroussoella triseptata,Yunnanensis chromolaenae),12 new host records,three new taxonomic combinations(Chromolaenicola siamensis,Pseudoroussoella elaeicola,Pseudothyridariella mahakashae),and two reference specimens(Torula chromolaenae,T.fici)are described and illustrated.Unlike some other hosts,e.g.bamboo(Poaceae)and Pandanaceae,the dominant group of fungi on Siam weed were Dothideomycetes.Only 15 species previously recorded from northern Thailand were found in this study.Most of the taxa are likely to have jumped hosts from surrounding plants and are unlikely to be a specialist to Siam weed.Most fungal families found on Siam weed had divergence estimates with stem ages in the Cretaceous,which coincided with the expected origin of the host family(Asteraceae).This further indicates that the species have jumped hosts,as it is unlikely that the taxa on the alien Siam weed came from the Americas with its host.They may,however,have jumped from other Asteraceae hosts.In a preliminary screening 40(65%)of the 62 species tested showed antimicrobial activity and thus,the fungi associated with C.odorata may be promising sources of novel bioactive compound discovery.We provide a checklist of fungi associated with C.odorata based on the USDA Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory(SMML)database,relevant literature and our study.In total,130 taxa(116 identified and 14 unidentified species)are distributed in 20 orders,48 families and 85 genera.Pseudocercospora is the most commonly encountered genus on Siam weed. | Ausana Mapook Kevin D.Hyde Eric H.C.McKenzie E.B.Gareth Jones D.Jayarama Bhat Rajesh Jeewon Marc Stadler Milan C.Samarakoon Maitree Malaithong Benjawan Tanunchai François Buscot Tesfaye Wubet Witoon Purahong | 2020 | Fungal Diversity2020，，2： | 0 |
| 9 | Biodiversity of fungi on Vitis vinifera L. revealed by traditional and high-resolution culture-independent approaches显示文摘This study is unique as it compares traditional and high-resolution culture-independent approaches using the same set of samples to study the saprotrophic fungi on Vitis vinifera.We identified the saprotrophic communities of table grape(Red Globe)and wine grape(Carbanate Gernischet)in China using both traditional and culture-independent techniques.The traditional approach used direct observations based on morphology,single spore isolation and phylogenetic analysis yielding 45 taxa which 19 were commonly detected in both cultivars.The same set of samples were then used for Illumina sequencing which analyzed ITS1 sequence data and detected 226 fungal OTUs,of which 176 and 189 belong to the cultivars Carbanate Gernischet and Red Globe,respectively.There were 139 OTUs shared between the two V.vinifera cultivars and 37 and 50 OTUs were specific to Carbanate Gernischet and Red Globe cultivars respectively.In the Carbanate Gernischet cultivar,Ascomycota accounted for 77%of the OTUs and in Red Globe,almost all sequenced were Ascomycota.The fungal taxa overlap at the genus and species level between the traditional and culture-independent approach was relatively low.In the traditional approach we were able to identify the taxa to species level,while in the culture-independent method we were frequently able to identify the taxa to family or genus level.This is remarkable as we used the same set of samples collected in China for both approaches.We recommend the use of traditional techniques to accurately identify taxa.Culture-independent method can be used to get a better understanding about the organisms that are present in a host in its natural environment.We identified primary and secondary plant pathogens and endophytes in the saprotrophic fungal communities,which support previous observations,that dead plant material in grape vineyards can be the primary sources of disease.Finally,based on present and previous findings,we provide a worldwide checklist of 905 fungal taxa on Vitis species,which includes their mode of life and distribution. | Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Witoon Purahong Wei Zhang Tesfaye Wubet XingHong Li Mei Liu Wensheng Zhao Kevin D.Hyde JianHua Liu Jiye Yan | 2018 | Fungal Diversity2018，，3： | 0 |
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