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| 1 | Optical vortices 30 years on:OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities显示文摘Thirty years ago,Coullet et al.proposed that a special optical field exists in laser cavities bearing some analogy with the superfluid vortex.Since then,optical vortices have been widely studied,inspired by the hydrodynamics sharing similar mathematics.Akin to a fluid vortex with a central flow singularity,an optical vortex beam has a phase singularity with a certain topological charge,giving rise to a hollow intensity distribution.Such a beam with helical phase fronts and orbital angular momentum reveals a subtle connection between macroscopic physical optics and microscopic quantum optics.These amazing properties provide a new understanding of a wide range of optical and physical phenomena,including twisting photons,spin–orbital interactions,Bose-Einstein condensates,etc.,while the associated technologies for manipulating optical vortices have become increasingly tunable and flexible.Hitherto,owing to these salient properties and optical manipulation technologies,tunable vortex beams have engendered tremendous advanced applications such as optical tweezers,high-order quantum entanglement,and nonlinear optics.This article reviews the recent progress in tunable vortex technologies along with their advanced applications. | Yijie Shen Xuejiao Wang Zhenwei Xie Changjun Min Xing Fu Qiang Liu Mali Gong Xiaocong Yuan | 2019 | Light(Science & Applications)2019，8，1： | 77 |
| 2 | Massive individual orbital angular momentum channels for multiplexing enabled by Dammann gratings显示文摘Data transmission rates in optical communication systems are approaching the limits of conventional multiplexing methods.Orbital angular momentum(OAM)in optical vortex beams offers a new degree of freedom and the potential to increase the capacity of free-space optical communication systems,with OAM beams acting as information carriers for OAM division multiplexing(OAM-DM).We demonstrate independent collinear OAM channel generation,transmission and simultaneous detection using Dammann optical vortex gratings(DOVGs).We achieve 80/160 Tbit s^(-1) capacity with uniform power distributions along all channels,with 1600 individually modulated quadrature phase-shift keying(QPSK)/16-QAM data channels multiplexed by 10 OAM states,80 wavelengths and two polarizations.DOVG-enabled OAM multiplexing technology removes the bottleneck of massive OAM state parallel detection and offers an opportunity to raise optical communication systems capacity to Pbit s^(-1) level. | Ting Lei Meng Zhang Yuru Li Ping Jia Gordon Ning Liu Xiaogeng Xu Zhaohui Li Changjun Min Jiao Lin Changyuan Yu Hanben Niu Xiaocong Yuan | 2015 | Light(Science & Applications)2015，4，1： | 47 |
| 3 | Integrated(de)multiplexer for orbital angular momentum fiber communication显示文摘The quickly increasing data transfer load requires an urgent revolution in current optical communication. Orbital angular momentum(OAM) multiplexing is a potential candidate with its ability to considerably enhance the capacity of communication. However, the lack of a compact, efficient, and integrated OAM(de)multiplexer prevents it from being widely applied. By attaching vortex gratings onto the facets of a few-mode fiber, we demonstrate an integrated fiber-based OAM(de)multiplexer. A vortex grating fabricated on the fiber facet enables the direct multiplexing of OAM states at one port and the demultiplexing of OAM states at the other port. The measured bit error rate of the carrier signal after propagating through a 5-km few-mode fiber confirms the validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach. The scheme offers advantages in future high-capacity OAM communication based on optical fiber. | ZHENWEI XIE SHECHENG GAO TING LEI SHENGFEI FENG YAN ZHANG FAN LI JIANBO ZHANG ZHAOHUI LI XIAOCONG YUAN | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，7： | 13 |
| 4 | On-chip plasmonic spin-Hall nanograting for simultaneously detecting phase and polarization singularities显示文摘Phase and polarization singularities are important degrees of freedom for electromagnetic field manipulation.Detecting these singularities is essential for modern optics,but it is still a challenge,especially in integrated optical systems.In this paper,we propose an on-chip plasmonic spin-Hall nanograting structure that simultaneously detects both the polarization and phase singularities of the incident cylindrical vortex vector beam(CVVB).The nanograting is symmetry-breaking with different periods for the upper and lower parts,which enables the unidirectional excitation of the surface plasmon polariton depending on the topological charge of the incident optical vortex beam.Additionally,spin-Hall meta-slits are integrated onto the grating so that the structure has a chiral response for polarization detection.We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that the designed structure fully discriminates both the topological charges and polarization states of the incident beam simultaneously.The proposed structure has great potential in compact integrated photonic circuits. | Fu Feng Guangyuan Si Changjun Min Xiaocong Yuan Michael Somekh | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 11 |
| 5 | Versatile on-chip light coupling and(de)multiplexing from arbitrary polarizations to controlled waveguide modes using an integrated dielectric metasurface显示文摘Metasurfaces have found broad applicability in free-space optics,while its potential to tailor guided waves remains barely explored.By synergizing the Jones matrix model with generalized Snell’s law under the phase-matching condition,we propose a universal design strategy for versatile on-chip mode-selective coupling with polarization sensitivity,multiple working wavelengths,and high efficiency concurrently.The coupling direction,operation frequency,and excited mode type can be designed at will for arbitrary incident polarizations,outperforming previous technology that only works for specific polarizations and lacks versatile mode controllability.Here,using silicon-nanoantenna-patterned silicon-nitride photonic waveguides,we numerically demonstrate a set of chip-scale optical couplers around 1.55μm,including mode-selective directional couplers with high coupling efficiency over 57%and directivity about 23 d B.Polarization and wavelength demultiplexer scenarios are also proposed with 67%maximum efficiency and an extinction ratio of 20 d B.Moreover,a chip-integrated twisted light generator,coupling free-space linear polarization into an optical vortex carrying 1 h orbital angular momentum(OAM),is also reported to validate the mode-control flexibility.This comprehensive method may motivate compact wavelength/polarization(de)multiplexers,multifunctional mode converters,on-chip OAM generators for photonic integrated circuits,and high-speed optical telecommunications. | YUAN MENG ZHOUTIAN LIU ZHENWEI XIE RIDE WANG TIANCHENG QI FUTAI HU HYUNSEOK KIM QIRONG XIAO XING FU QIANG WU SANG-HOON BAE MALI GONG XIAOCONG YUAN | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，4： | 8 |
| 6 | Fast structured illumination microscopy via deep learning显示文摘This study shows that convolutional neural networks(CNNs)can be used to improve the performance of structured illumination microscopy to enable it to reconstruct a super-resolution image using three instead of nine raw frames,which is the standard number of frames required to this end.Owing to the isotropy of the fluorescence group,the correlation between the high-frequency information in each direction of the spectrum is obtained by training the CNNs.A high-precision super-resolution image can thus be reconstructed using accurate data from three image frames in one direction.This allows for gentler super-resolution imaging at higher speeds and weakens phototoxicity in the imaging process. | CHANG LING CHONGLEI ZHANG MINGQUN WANG FANFEI MENG LUPING DU XIAOCONG YUAN | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，8： | 8 |
| 7 | Ultra-broadband on-chip twisted light emitter for optical communications显示文摘On-chip twisted light emitters are essential components of orbital angular momentum(OAM)communication devices1,2.These devices address the growing demand for high-capacity communication systems by providing an additional degree of freedom for wavelength/frequency division multiplexing(WDM/FDM).Although whispering-gallery-mode-enabled OAM emitters have been shown to possess some advantages3–5,such as compactness and phase accuracy,their inherent narrow bandwidths prevent them from being compatible with WDM/FDM techniques.Here,we demonstrate an ultra-broadband multiplexed OAM emitter that utilizes a novel joint path-resonance phase control concept.The emitter has a micron-sized radius and nanometer-sized features.Coaxial OAM beams are emitted across the entire telecommunication band from 1,450 to 1,650 nm.We applied the emitter to an OAM communication with a data rate of 1.2 Tbit/s assisted by 30-channel optical frequency combs(OFCs).The emitter provides a new solution to further increase capacity in the OFC communication scenario. | Zhenwei Xie Ting Lei Fan Li Haodong Qiu Zecen Zhang Hong Wang Changjun Min Luping Du Zhaohui Li Xiaocong Yuan | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 7 |
| 8 | Fast acquisition of 3D images in a modified optical microscope based on integral imaging显示文摘This paper introduces a new technique of fast acquiring 3D information in microscope based on integral imaging. Experimental results prove that the proposed method has advantageous properties including simple configuration, no requirement of coherent light source and real-time 3D imaging information acquisition. This technique has an important prospect on optical microscopy and 3D display. | DAI ZhiHua WANG JinGang ZHAO Xing YANG Yong BU Jing YUAN XiaoCong | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，4： | 7 |
| 9 | Demonstration of orbital angular momentum channel healing using a Fabry‐Pérot cavity显示文摘 | Shibiao Wei Dapeng Wang Jiao Lin Xiaocong Yuan | 2018 | Opto-Electronic Advances2018，1，5： | 7 |
| 10 | Cylindrical vector beam multiplexer/demultiplexer using off-axis polarization control显示文摘The emergence of cylindrical vector beam(CVB)multiplexing has opened new avenues for high-capacity optical communication.Although several configurations have been developed to couple/separate CVBs,the CVB multiplexer/demultiplexer remains elusive due to lack of effective off-axis polarization control technologies.Here we report a straightforward approach to realize off-axis polarization control for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing based on a metal–dielectric–metal metasurface.We show that the left-and right-handed circularly polarized(LHCP/RHCP)components of CVBs are independently modulated via spin-to-orbit interactions by the properly designed metasurface,and then simultaneously multiplexed and demultiplexed due to the reversibility of light path and the conservation of vector mode.We also show that the proposed multiplexers/demultiplexers are broadband(from 1310 to 1625 nm)and compatible with wavelength-division-multiplexing.As a proof of concept,we successfully demonstrate a four-channel CVB multiplexing communication,combining wavelength-division-multiplexing and polarization-division-multiplexing with a transmission rate of 1.56 Tbit/s and a bit-error-rate of 10^(−6) at the receive power of−21.6 dBm.This study paves the way for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing and may benefit high-capacity CVB communication. | Shuqing Chen Zhiqiang Xie Huapeng Ye Xinrou Wang Zhenghao Guo Yanliang He Ying Li Xiaocong Yuan Dianyuan Fan | 2021 | Light(Science & Applications)2021，10，12： | 6 |
| 11 | All-optical manipulation of micrometer-sized metallic particles显示文摘Optical traps use focused laser beams to generate forces on targeted objects ranging in size from nanometers to micrometers. However, for their high coefficients of scattering and absorption, micrometer-sized metallic particles were deemed non-trappable in three dimensions using a single beam. This barrier is now removed. We demonstrate, both in theory and experiment, three-dimensional(3D) dynamic all-optical manipulations of micrometersized gold particles under high focusing conditions. The force of gravity is found to balance the positive axial optical force exerted on particles in an inverted optical tweezers system to form two trapping positions along the vertical direction. Both theoretical and experimental results confirm that stable 3D manipulations are achievable for these particles regardless of beam polarization and wavelength. The present work opens up new opportunities for a variety of in-depth research requiring metallic particles. | YUQUAN ZHANG XIUJIE Dou YANMENG DAI XIANYOU WANG CHANGJUN MIN AND XIAOCONG YUAN | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，2： | 6 |
| 12 | Optical meta-waveguides for integrated photonics and beyond显示文摘The growing maturity of nanofabrication has ushered massive sophisticated optical structures available on a photonic chip.The integration of subwavelength-structured metasurfaces and metamaterials on the canonical building block of optical waveguides is gradually reshaping the landscape of photonic integrated circuits,giving rise to numerous metawaveguides with unprecedented strength in controlling guided electromagnetic waves.Here,we review recent advances in meta-structured waveguides that synergize various functional subwavelength photonic architectures with diverse waveguide platforms,such as dielectric or plasmonic waveguides and optical fibers.Foundational results and representative applications are comprehensively summarized.Brief physical models with explicit design tutorials,either physical intuition-based design methods or computer algorithms-based inverse designs,are cataloged as well.We highlight how meta-optics can infuse new degrees of freedom to waveguide-based devices and systems,by enhancing light-matter interaction strength to drastically boost device performance,or offering a versatile designer media for manipulating light in nanoscale to enable novel functionalities.We further discuss current challenges and outline emerging opportunities of this vibrant field for various applications in photonic integrated circuits,biomedical sensing,artificial intelligence and beyond. | Yuan Meng Yizhen Chen Longhui Lu Yimin Ding Andrea Cusano Jonathan A.Fan Qiaomu Hu Kaiyuan Wang Zhenwei Xie Zhoutian Liu Yuanmu Yang Qiang Liu Mali Gong Qirong Xiao Shulin Sun Minming Zhang Xiaocong Yuan Xingjie Ni | 2021 | Light(Science & Applications)2021，10，12： | 6 |
| 13 | Enhancing plasmonic trapping with a perfect radially polarized beam显示文摘Strong plasmonic focal spots, excited by radially polarized light on a smooth thin metallic film, have been widely applied to trap various micro-and nano-sized objects. However, the direct transmission part of the incident light leads to the scattering force exerted on trapped particles, which seriously affects the stability of the plasmonic trap.Here we employ a novel perfect radially polarized beam to solve this problem. Both theoretical and experimental results verify that such a beam could strongly suppress the directly transmitted light to reduce the piconewton scattering force, and an enhanced plasmonic trapping stiffness that is 2.6 times higher is achieved in experiments.The present work opens up new opportunities for a variety of research requiring the stable manipulations of particles. | xianyou wang yuquan zhang yanmeng dai changjun min xiaocong yuan | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，9： | 5 |
| 14 | Quantitative assessment and visualization of flight risk induced by coupled multi-factor under icing conditions显示文摘Aircraft icing has been proven to be one of the most serious threats to flight safety. During the analysis of flight risk under icing conditions, quantitative assessment and visualization of flight risk are quite essential as they provide safe manipulation strategies in intricate conditions.However, they are rarely studied. Since the icing flight accidents are the result of the coupling of multiple unfavorable factors, in present study, we have proposed a method to quantitatively assess flight risk induced by multi-factor coupling under icing conditions by Monte-Carlo simulation and multivariate extreme value theory. The results demonstrate that the flight risk probability increases with the rise of unfavorable factors. Besides, a flight risk visualization method named flight safety window has been presented to build the flight risk distribution cloud maps in different complex conditions. The cloud maps show that the icing would give rise to atrophy of the safety scope, and the consequence would be even more severe when coupled with other more unfavorable factors. The proposed methods in this study would be useful in flight risk analysis under icing conditions and can enhance the pilot's situational awareness in selecting correct strategies within the safety zone to avoid unsafe manipulation. | Yang WEI Haojun XU Yuan XUE Xiaocong Duan | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2020，33，8： | 4 |
| 15 | Cross-lenticular lens array for full parallax 3-D display with crosstalk reduction显示文摘As a 3-D display technology,stereoscopic imaging with lenticular lens sheet can only offer viewers the horizontal parallax.To reconstruct the 3-D image with parallax in both horizontal and vertical directions,the full parallax technique with micro-lens array was proposed.But due to the fabrication constraints and cost concerns of the micro-lens array,application of the full parallax technique is restricted in practice.In this paper we revisited the lenticular sheet method and cross-lenticular lens array formed by two lenticular sheets overlapped orthogonally.By analyzing the optical properties of this cross-lenticular lens array,we found that it has reasonable imaging qualities as a conventional micro-lens array.Besides,due to the poor optical property of the outskirt area of the cross-lenticular lens,the cross-lenticular lens array has better crosstalk suppression capability than the conventional one.Based on the analysis,in this paper,we used the proposed lens array to reconstruct a 3-D image and verified its practicability.The cross-lenticular lens array was found feasible to take the full parallax technique into commercial applications,with comparable advantages in terms of low-cost and easy fabrication over a large area. | XIE HongBin ZHAO Xing YANG Yong BU Jing FANG ZhiLiang YUAN XiaoCong | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，3： | 3 |
| 16 | Single-particle trapping and dynamic manipulation with holographic optical surface-wave tweezers显示文摘Optical surface waves have widely been used in optical tweezers systems for trapping particles sized from the nanoto microscale,with specific importance and needs in applications of super-resolved detection and imaging if a single particle can be trapped and manipulated accurately.However,it is difficult to achieve such trapping with high precision in conventional optical surface-wave tweezers.Here,we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new method to accurately trap and dynamically manipulate a single particle or a desired number of particles in holographic optical surface-wave tweezers.By tailoring the optical potential wells formed by surface waves,we achieved trapping of the targeted single particle while pushing away all surrounding particles and further dynamically controlling the particle by a holographic tweezers beam.We also prove that different particle samples,including gold particles and biological cells,can be applied in our system.This method can be used for different-type optical surface-wave tweezers,with significant potential applications in single-particle spectroscopy,particle sorting,nano-assembly,and others. | XI XIE XIANYOU WANG CHANGJUN MIN HAIXIANG MA YUNQI YUAN ZHANGYU ZHOU YUQUAN ZHANG JING BU XIAOCONG YUAN | 2022 | Photonics Research2022，10，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Optical orbital angular momentum multiplexing communication via inversely-designed multiphase plane light conversion显示文摘Multiplexing and demultiplexing of optical orbital angular momentum(OAM)are critical operations in modedivision multiplexing communications.Traditional Dammann gratings,spiral phase planes,and optical geometric transformations are regarded as convenient methods for OAM mode(de)multiplexing.However,crosstalk between the different modes and the difficulty of mode multiplexing greatly limit their application to modedivision multiplexing communications.Here,using a set of inversely-designed phase planes,we demonstrate an OAM(de)multiplexer based on multiphase plane light conversion that can enable perfect OAM multiplexing communication.The sorted patterns are Gaussian-like and can be coupled easily into single-mode fiber arrays.Inputs from the fiber array are turned into coaxial OAM modes after the phase planes.OAM mode crosstalk generated by the multiplexer is less than-20 d B,with insertion loss of less than 2.6 d B.OAM modes are sorted by the demultiplexer with mode crosstalk below-10 d B,and the sorting results are coupled to the fiber array.OAM modes carrying 10 Gbit/s on–off keying signals were transmitted in a 5 km few-mode fiber.The measured bit-error-rate curves have power penalties of less than 10 d B.The proposed configuration is highly efficient and convenient and will be beneficial for potential applications in quantum information,information processing,and optical communications. | JUNCHENG FANG JINPEI LI ARU KONG YOUPENG XIE CHUXUAN LIN ZHENWEI XIE TING LEI XIAOCONG YUAN | 2022 | Photonics Research2022，10，9： | 3 |
| 18 | Multifunctional geometric phase optical element for high-efficiency full Stokes imaging polarimetry显示文摘Polarization imaging finds applications in many areas, such as photoelasticity, ellipsometry, and biomedical imaging. A compact, snapshot, and high-efficiency imaging polarimeter is highly desirable for many applications.Here, based on a single multifunctional geometric phase optical element(GPOE), a new method is proposed for high-efficiency snapshot imaging polarimetry. With tailored spatially varying orientation of each anisotropic unit cell, the GPOE works highly efficiently as both a spin sorter and a half-wave plate, enabling snapshot retrieving of a full Stokes vector of incident light. The designed GPOE is implemented in the form of liquid crystal fabricated with a photo-alignment technology, and its application in imaging polarimetry is experimentally demonstrated by retrieving full Stokes parameters of a cylinder vector beam. This method can also work in the form of plasmonic or dielectric metasurfaces, enabling ultra-compact polarization detection systems by monolithic integration with other devices such as metalenses. | YANMENG DAI YUQUAN ZHANG YOUPENG XIE DAPENG WANG XIANYOU WANG ITING LEI CHANGJUN MIN XIAOCONG YUAN | 2019 | Photonics Research2019，7，9： | 3 |
| 19 | Wide-field in situ multiplexed Raman imaging with superresolution显示文摘Because of the fingerprint-like specificity of its characteristic spectrogram, Raman spectral imaging has been applied widely in various research areas. Using a combination of structured illumination with the surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) technique, wide-field Raman imaging is developed with a significant improvement in spatial resolution. As a result of the relatively narrow Raman characteristic peaks, optically encoded SERS nanoparticles can be used to perform multiplexed imaging. The results show excellent superresolution wide-field multiplexed imaging performance. The developed technique has extraordinary potential for applications in biological imaging and other related fields. | HOUKAI CHEN XIAOJING WU YUQUAN ZHANG YONG YANG CHANGJUN MIN SIWEI ZHU XIAOCONG YUAN QIAOLIANG BAO JING BU | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Broadband on-chip photonic spin Hall element via inverse design显示文摘The photonic spin Hall effect plays an important role in photonic information technologies,especially in on-chip spin Hall devices.However,conventional devices suffer from low efficiency or narrow bandwidth,which prevents their practical application.Here,we introduce a spin Hall device using inverse design to achieve both high efficiency and broadband.Spin-dependent light separation is enabled by a 2.4μm circular device with 100 nm pixels.The photonic spin Hall element is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator wafer compatible with a standard integrated photonic circuit.The spin light is detected and emitted with an efficiency of up to 22%and 35%,respectively,over a 200 nm bandwidth at optical wavelength. | ZHENWEI XIE TING LEI HAODONG QIU ZECEN ZHANG HONG WANG XIAOCONG YUAN | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，2： | 2 |
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