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| 1 | Role of secondary aerosols in haze formation in summer in the Megacity Beijing显示文摘A field experiment from 18 August to 8 September 2006 in Beijing, China, was carried out. A hazy day was defined as visibility < 10 km and RH(relative humidity) < 90%. Four haze episodes, which accounted for ~ 60% of the time during the whole campaign, were characterized by increases of SNA(sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium) and SOA(secondary organic aerosol) concentrations. The average values with standard deviation of SO2-+4, NO-3, NH4 and SOA were 49.8(± 31.6), 31.4(±22.3), 25.8(±16.6) and 8.9(±4.1) μg/m3, respectively, during the haze episodes, which were 4.3, 3.4, 4.1, and 1.7 times those in the non-haze days. The SO2-4,NO-3, NH+4, and SOA accounted for 15.8%, 8.8%, 7.3%, and 6.0% of the total mass concentration of PM10 during the non-haze days. The respective contributions of SNA species to PM10 rose to about27.2%, 15.9%, and 13.9% during the haze days, while the contributions of SOA maintained the same level with a slight decrease to about 4.9%. The observed mass concentrations of SNA and SOA increased with the increase of PM10 mass concentration, however, the rate of increase of SNA was much faster than that of the SOA. The SOR(sulfur oxidation ratio) and NOR(nitrogen oxidation ratio) increased from non-haze days to hazy days, and increased with the increase of RH. High concentrations of aerosols and water vapor favored the conversion of SO2 to SO2-4and NO2 to NO-3, which accelerated the accumulation of the aerosols and resulted in the formation of haze in Beijing. | Tingting Han Xingang Liu Yuanhang Zhang Yu Qu Limin Zeng Min Hu Tong Zhu | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，5： | 22 |
| 2 | Chemical characterization of size-resolved aerosols in four seasons and hazy days in the megacity Beijing of China显示文摘Size-resolved aerosol samples were collected by MOUDI in four seasons in 2007 in Beijing. The PM10 and PM1.8mass concentrations were 166.0 ± 120.5 and 91.6 ± 69.7 μg/m^3, respectively,throughout the measurement, with seasonal variation: nearly two times higher in autumn than in summer and spring. Serious fine particle pollution occurred in winter with the PM1.8/PM10 ratio of 0.63, which was higher than other seasons. The size distribution of PM showed obvious seasonal and diurnal variation, with a smaller fine mode peak in spring and in the daytime. OM(organic matter = 1.6 × OC(organic carbon)) and SIA(secondary inorganic aerosol) were major components of fine particles, while OM, SIA and Ca_2+were major components in coarse particles. Moreover, secondary components, mainly SOA(secondary organic aerosol) and SIA,accounted for 46%–96% of each size bin in fine particles, which meant that secondary pollution existed all year. Sulfates and nitrates, primarily in the form of(NH_4)_2SO_4, NH_4NO_3, Ca SO_4, Na_2SO_4 and K_2SO_4, calculated by the model ISORROPIA II, were major components of the solid phase in fine particles. The PM concentration and size distribution were similar in the four seasons on non-haze days, while large differences occurred on haze days, which indicated seasonal variation of PM concentration and size distribution were dominated by haze days. The SIA concentrations and fractions of nearly all size bins were higher on haze days than on non-haze days, which was attributed to heterogeneous aqueous reactions on haze days in the four seasons. | Kang Sun Xingang Liu Jianwei Gu Yunpeng Li Yu Qu Junling An Jingli Wang Yuanhang Zhang Min Hu Fang Zhang | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，6： | 19 |
| 3 | Chemical and optical properties of aerosols and their interrelationship in winter in the megacity Shanghai of China显示文摘A field campaign on air quality was carried out in Shanghai in winter of 2012. The concentrations of NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, CO, and PM2.5increased during haze formation. The average masses of SO42-, NO3-and NH4+were 10.3, 11.7 and 6.7 μg/m3 during the haze episodes, which exceeded the average(9.2, 7.9, and 3.4 μg/m3) of these components in the non-haze days. The mean values for the aerosol scattering coefficient(b sp), aerosol absorption coefficient(b ap) and single scattering albedo(SSA) were 288.7, 27.7 and0.91 Mm-1, respectively. A bi-peak distribution was observed for the mass concentrations of CO, NO, NO2, and NOx. More sulfate was produced during daytime than that in the evening due to photochemical reactions. The mass concentration of NH4+achieved a small peak at noontime. NO3-showed lower concentrations in the afternoon and higher concentrations in the early morning. There were obvious bi-peak diurnal patterns for b sp and b ap as well as SSA. b sp and b ap showed a positive correlation with PM2.5mass concentration.(NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, organic mass, elemental carbon and coarse mass accounted for 21.7%, 19.3%, 31.0%, 9.3% and 12.3% of the total extinction coefficient during non-haze days, and 25.6%, 24.3%, 30.1%, 8.1% and 8.2% during hazy days. Organic matter was the largest contributor to light extinction. The contribution proportions of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate to light extinction were significantly higher during the hazy time than during the non-haze days. | Tingting Han Liping Qiao Min Zhou Yu Qu Jianfei Du Xingang Liu Shengrong Lou Changhong Chen Hongli Wang Fang Zhang Qing Yu Qiong Wu | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，1： | 14 |
| 4 | Ductile deformation within Upper Himalaya Crystalline Sequence and geological implications,in Nyalam area,Southern Tibet显示文摘The South Tibet Detachment System(STDS) is a flat normal fault that separates the Upper Himalaya Crystalline Sequence(UHCS) below from the Tethyan Sedimentary Sequence(TSS) above.Timing of deformations related to the STDS is critical to understand the mechanism and evolution of the Himalaya collision zone.The Nyalam detachment(ND)(~86°E) locates in the middle portion of STDS(81°-89°E).Dating of deformed leucocratic dykes that are most probably syntectonic at different depth beneath the ND,allow us to constrain the timing of deformation.(1) Dyke T11N37 located ~3500 m structurally below the ND emplaced at 27.4± 0.2 Ma;(2) Dyke T11N32 located ~1400 m structurally below the ND emplaced at 22.0±0.3 Ma;(3) T11N25 located within the top to the north STD shear zone,~150 m structurally below the ND,emplaced at 17.1±0.2 Ma.Combining ND footwall cooling history and T11N25 deformation temperature,we indicate a probable onset of top to the north deformation at ~16 Ma at this location.These results show an upward younging of the probable timing of onset of the deformation at different structural distance below the ND.We then propose a new model for deformation migration below the ND with deformation starting by pure shear deformation at depth prior to ~27.5 Ma that migrates upward at a rate of ~ 0.3 mm/a until ~18 Ma when deformation switches to top to the north shearing in the South Tibet Detachment shear zone(STDsz).As deformation on the ND stops at 14-13 Ma this would imply that significant top to the North motion would be limited to less than 5 Ma and would jeopardize the importance of lower channel flow. | LIU XiaoBing LIU XiaoHan LELOUP P.H. MAHEO G. PAQUETTE J.L. ZHANG XinGang ZHOU XueJun | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，26： | 14 |
| 5 | COVID-19 Super Spreading Event Amongst Elderly Individuals—Jilin Province,China,January 2021显示文摘Summary What is already known on this topic?Clusters of COVID-19 cases often happened in small settings(e.g.,families,offices,school,or workplaces)that facilitate person-to-person virus transmission,especially from a common exposure.What is added by this report?On January 10 and 11,2021,an individual gave three product promotional lectures in Tonghua City. | Laishun Yao Mingyu Luo Tiewu Jia Xingang Zhang Zhulin Hou Feng Gao Xin Wang Xiaogang Wu Weihua Cheng Guoqian Li Jing Lu Bing Zhao Tao Li Enfu Chen Dapeng Yin Biao Huang | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，10： | 13 |
| 6 | Characteristics and formation mechanism of regional haze episodes in the Pearl River Delta of China显示文摘To investigate the characteristics and the specific mechanism of continuous haze,comprehensive measurements were conducted from 15 October to 19 November in the Atmospheric Environment Monitoring Super-Station in Heshan of Guangdong province.Five haze episodes occurred in October and November 2014 in the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region. The meteorological parameters, gas data, chemical compositions, and optical parameters of the aerosols were obtained. Among these events, the second haze episode,with the highest concentration of PM2.5 of 187.51 μg/m^3, was the most severe. NO^3-was always higher than SO_4^(2-), which indicated that motor vehicles played an important role in the haze, even though the oxidation rate from SO_2 to SO_4^(2-)was faster than that of NOXto NO_3^-. The difference between the hourly averages of Na+and K+during the haze episode and clean days was small, implying that straw combustion and sea salt had no significant effect on the occurrence of haze, and the backward trajectories of the air masses also conformed with this result. The air pollutants were difficult to disperse because of the significant decrease in the planetary boundary layer(PBL) height. Relative humidity played a crucial role in the formation of haze by leading to hygroscopic growth of the diameter of aerosols. | Wenguang Li Xingang Liu Yuanhang Zhang Kang Sun Yusheng Wu Rui Xue Limin Zeng Yu Qu Junling An | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，1： | 11 |
| 7 | Chemical characteristics of size-resolved aerosols in winter in Beijing显示文摘Size-resolved aerosols were continuously collected by a Nano Sampler for 13 days at an urban site in Beijing during winter 2012 to measure the chemical composition of ambient aerosol particles. Data collected by the Nano Sampler and an ACSM(Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor) were compared. Between the data sets,similar trends and strong correlations were observed,demonstrating the validity of the Nano Sampler. PM10 and PM2.5concentrations during the measurement were 150.5 ± 96.0 μg/m3(mean ± standard variation)and 106.9 ± 71.6 μg/m3,respectively. The PM2.5/PM10 ratio was 0.70 ± 0.10,indicating that PM2.5dominated PM10. The aerosol size distributions showed that three size bins of 0.5–1,1–2.5 and 2.5–10 μm contributed 21.8%,23.3% and 26.0% to the total mass concentration(TMC),respectively. OM(organic matter) and SIA(secondary ionic aerosol,mainly SO42-,NO3-and NH4+) were major components of PM2.5. Secondary compounds(SIA and secondary organic carbon) accounted for half of TMC(about 49.8%) in PM2.5,and suggested that secondary aerosols significantly contributed to the serious particulate matter pollution observed in winter. Coal burning,biomass combustion,vehicle emissions and SIA were found to be the main sources of PM2.5. Mass concentrations of water-soluble ions and undetected materials,as well as their fractions in TMC,strikingly increased with deteriorating particle pollution conditions,while OM and EC(elemental carbon) exhibited different variations,with mass concentrations slightly increasing but fractions in TMC decreasing. | Kang Sun Yu Qu Qiong Wu Tingting Han Jianwei Gu Jingjing Zhao Yele Sun Qi Jiang Ziqi Gao Min Hu Yuanhang Zhang Keding Lu Stephan Nordmann Yafang Cheng Li Hou Hui Ge Masami Furuuchi Mitsuhiko Hata Xingang Liu | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，8： | 9 |
| 8 | Analysis of electrical performances of planar active phased array antennas with distorted array plane显示文摘The influence of the distorted plane of the active phased array antenna on the electromagnetic performance is of great significance to the research on and development of the high-performance antennas.On the bent and bowl-shape distortion,the model is established of the relationship between the electromagnetic performance and the position error of the radiated elements.The method is presented of analyzing the far-field pattern of the distorted rectangular active phased array antenna.The analysis results of a planar phased array antenna with different distortions grades prove the validity of the model.Therefore,by the method,the antenna designers may set the reasonable requirement on the structural tolerance in manufacturing antenna. | Wang Congsi Bao Hong Zhang Fushun Feng Xingang | 2009 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2009，20，4： | 7 |
| 9 | A pair of transposon-derived proteins function in a histone acetyltransferase complex for active DNA demethylation显示文摘Transposons 被 epigenetic 机制通常包括 DNA methylation 使沉默。这里,我们识别了一双先驱导出 transposon 的蛋白质(HDP ) , HDP1 和 HDP2,在 Arabidopsis 的反沉默因素。hdp1 和 hdp2 异种显示了 transgenes 和某 transposons 的提高的 silencing。种系发生的分析表明 HDP1 和 HDP2 分别地从先驱编码 transposon 的 transposase 和 DNA 有约束力的蛋白质被共同驯养。HDP1 在原子核与 HDP2 交往,类似于他们的 transposon 对应物。而且, HDP1 和 HDP2 与组成在 DNA demethylation 工作的 histone acetyltransferase 建筑群的 IDM1, IDM2, IDM3 和 MBD7 被联系。HDP2 和 methyl-DNA-binding 蛋白质 MBD7 分享普通 genomic 绑定地点的一个大集合,显示他们联合决定 histone acetyltransferase 建筑群的目标特性。因此,我们的数据表明 HDP1 和 HDP2 组成被招募了到 histone acetyltransferase 建筑群阻止 DNA hypermethylation 和 epigenetic silencing 的一个功能的模块。 | Cheng-Guo Duan Xingang Wang Shaojun Xie Li Pan Daisuke Miki Kai Tang Chuan-Chih Hsu Mingguang Lei Yingli Zhong Yueh-Ju Hou ZhijuanWang Zhengjing Zhang Satendra K Mangrauthia Huawei Xu Heng Zhang Brian Dilkes W Andy Tao Jian-Kang Zhu | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，2： | 6 |
| 10 | Nickel-Catalyzed Difluoromethylation of Arylboronic Acids with Bromodifluoromethane显示文摘 | Xia-Ping Fu Yu-Lan Xiao Xingang Zhang | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2018，36，2： | 5 |
| 11 | Dynamic Reliability Sensitivity of Cemented Carbide Cutting Tool显示文摘Influence of geometric and cutting parameters of cemented carbide cutting tool on reliability of cutting tool has become more and more mature,yet influence of its physical and material parameters on reliability is still blank.In view of this,cutting test and fatigue crack growth test of YT05 cemented carbide cutting tool are conducted to measure such data as the original crack size,growth size,times of impact loading,number and time of cutting tool in failure,and stress distribution of cutting tool is also obtained by simulating cutting process of tools.Mathematical models on dynamic reliability and dynamic reliability sensitivity of cutting tool are derived respectively by taking machining time and times of impact loading into account,thus change rules of dynamic reliability sensitivity to physical and material parameters can be obtained.Theoretical and experimental results show that sensitive degree on each parameter of tools increases gradually with the increase of machining time and times of impact loading,especially for parameters such as fracture toughness,shape parameter,and cutting stress.This proposed model solves such problems as how to determine the most sensitive parameter and influence degree of physical parameters and material parameters to reliability,which is sensitivity,and can provide theoretical foundation for improving reliability of cutting tool system. | WANG Xingang ZHANG Yimin LI He L Chunmei | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2014，27，1： | 5 |
| 12 | Numerical simulation of characteristics of semidiurnal tidal waves in sea region around Taiwan显示文摘POM97, an oceanic model, has been used for the first time to the numerical study on the tidal waves of the as Regions around Taiwan. In this paper, we have got the result that the semidiurnal tidal waves of these area mainly are the co-operating tides which come from the south of 23’N of the western Pacific. Those semidiurnal tidal waves affecting the Taiwan Straits come respectively from the south and the north entrance of the channel, and the north tidal wave is stronger than the south one. The strongest tidal field is the area from the Meizhou Bay to the Xinhua Bay along the coast of Fujian Province, where the biggest amplitude of the M2 partial tide can reach 240 cm. The strongest tidal cur- rent fields lie in the Penghu watercourse, where the maximum velocity of the M2 partial tide can arrive at 196 m/s. In the horizontal structure of the tidal currets, we have found that there is a stream dot in the north of the channel, besides, there still exist four new ones. As for the vertical structure, it mainly is biassed to the right at the surface, and to the left near the bottom layer. | Sha Wenyu, Lu Xingang, Chen Xi, Zhang Wenjing 1. Cullege of Meterology. Institute of Science and Engineering of the P. L. A. Nanjing 211101, China | 2001 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2001，20，3： | 5 |
| 13 | Nickel-Catalyzed Dicarbofunctionalization of Alkenes显示文摘As a straightforward strategy for rapidly increasing molecular complexity,dicarbofunctionalization of alkenes has attracted substantial interests of organic synthesis,medicine chemistry,and materials science.Nickel-catalyzed cascade dicarbofunctionalizations have been flourished in this area recently,and nickel-mediated radical pathways particularly offer new opportunities in conjunctive cross-couplings with alkyl coupling partners.Herein,we give a comprehensive review of nickel-catalyzed dicarbofunctionalization of alkenes through a historical perspective,including intermolecular three-component reactions and intramolecular cascade reactions.Among the pathways discussed in this review,the carbometallation/cross-coupling process and the radical addition/cross-coupling process are the two major pathways for the nickel-catalyzed dicarbofunctionalization of alkenes.The oxidative cyclization and 1,2-metallate shift processes are also selectively discussed.These methods overcome the limitations associated with the reactions using noble metals in the field,providing an efficient and straightforward access to structurally diversified molecules. | Yun-Cheng Luo Chang Xu Xingang Zhang | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2020，38，11： | 4 |
| 14 | In situ monitoring of atmospheric nitrous acid based on multi-pumping flow system and liquid waveguide capillary cell显示文摘In the last four decades, various techniques including spectroscopic, wet chemical and mass spectrometric methods, have been developed and applied for the detection of ambient nitrous acid(HONO). We developed a HONO detection system based on long path photometry which consists of three independent modules i.e., sampling module, fluid propulsion module and detection module. In the propulsion module, solenoid pumps are applied. With solenoid pumps the pulsed flow can be computer controlled both in terms of pump stroke volume and pulse frequency, which enables the attainment of a very stable flow rate. In the detection module, a customized Liquid Waveguide Capillary Cell(LWCC) is used. The customized LWCC pre-sets the optical fiber in-coupling with the liquid wave guide, providing the option of fast startup and easy maintenance of the absorption photometry. In summer 2014, our system was deployed in a comprehensive campaign at a rural site in the North China Plain. More than one month of high quality HONO data spanning from the limit of detection to 5 ppb were collected. Intercomparison of our system with another established system from Forschungszentrum Juelich is presented and discussed. In conclusion, our instrument achieved a detection limit of 10 ppt V within2 min and a measurement uncertainty of 7%, which is well suited for investigation of the HONO budget from urban to rural conditions in China. | Yuhan Liu Keding Lu Huabin Dong Xin Li Peng Cheng Qi Zou Yusheng Wu Xingang Liu Yuanhang Zhang | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，5： | 4 |
| 15 | Curcumin-incorporated 3D bioprinting gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel reduces reactive oxygen species-induced adipose-derived stem cell apoptosis and improves implanting survival in diabetic wounds显示文摘Background:Gelatin methacryloyl(GelMA)hydrogels loaded with stem cells have proved to be an effective clinical treatment for wound healing.Advanced glycation end product(AGE),interacting with its particular receptor(AGER),gives rise to reactive oxygen species(ROS)and apoptosis.Curcumin(Cur)has excellent antioxidant activity and regulates intracellular ROS production and apoptosis.In this study,we developed a Cur-incorporated 3D-printed GelMA to insert into adiposederived stem cells(ADSCs)and applied it to diabetic wounds.Methods:GelMA hydrogels with Cur were fabricated and their in vitro effects on ADSCs were investigated.We used structural characterization,western blot,ROS and apoptosis assay to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activity,and assessed the wound healing effects to investigate the mechanism underlying regulation of apoptosis by Cur via the AGE/AGER/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)p65 pathway.Results:A 10%GelMA scaffold exhibited appropriate mechanical properties and biocompatibility for ADSCs.The circular mesh structure demonstrated printability of 10%GelMA and Cur-GelMA bioinks.The incorporation of Cur into the 10%GelMA hydrogel showed an inhibitory effect on AGEs/AGER/NF-κB p65-induced ROS generation and ADSC apoptosis.Furthermore,Cur-GelMA scaffold promoted cell survival and expedited in vivo diabetic wound healing.Conclusions:The incorporation of Cur improved the antioxidant activity of 3D-printed GelMA hydrogel and mitigated AGE/AGER/p65 axis-induced ROS and apoptosis in ADSCs.The effects of scaffolds on wound healing suggested that Cur/GelMA-ADSC hydrogel could be an effective biological material for accelerating wound healing. | Sizhan Xia Tingting Weng Ronghua Jin Min Yang Meirong Yu Wei Zhang Xingang Wang Chunmao Han | 2022 | Burns & Trauma2022，10，1： | 4 |
| 16 | Deep Learning for EMG-based Human-Machine Interaction:A Review显示文摘Electromyography(EMG)has already been broadly used in human-machine interaction(HMI)applications.Determining how to decode the information inside EMG signals robustly and accurately is a key problem for which we urgently need a solution.Recently,many EMG pattern recognition tasks have been addressed using deep learning methods.In this paper,we analyze recent papers and present a literature review describing the role that deep learning plays in EMG-based HMI.An overview of typical network structures and processing schemes will be provided.Recent progress in typical tasks such as movement classification,joint angle prediction,and force/torque estimation will be introduced.New issues,including multimodal sensing,inter-subject/inter-session,and robustness toward disturbances will be discussed.We attempt to provide a comprehensive analysis of current research by discussing the advantages,challenges,and opportunities brought by deep learning.We hope that deep learning can aid in eliminating factors that hinder the development of EMG-based HMI systems.Furthermore,possible future directions will be presented to pave the way for future research. | Dezhen Xiong Daohui Zhang Xingang Zhao Yiwen Zhao | 2021 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2021，8，3： | 4 |
| 17 | Solar fuel generation over nature-inspired recyclable TiO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)S-scheme hierarchical thin-film photocatalyst显示文摘Preparation of efficient photocatalysts with ease of recovery in solar fuel generation is highly desired to achieve carbon neutralization in carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions.Inspired from the forest with superior light penetration and fast gas transport,a TiO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)composite nanowire arrays(NAs)film with maximized light utilization is devised.It is achieved by in-situ coating a thin layer of g-C_(3)N_(4)(as the leaf)on the vertically-oriented TiO_(2)arrays(as tree trunks)on Ti foil(as soil).Benefiting from the effective charge separation by S-scheme charge transfer,intimate contact by the in-situ growth as well as the ingenious structure,the composite,readily recyclable,displays exciting performance in photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.It is beyond doubt that the combination of heterojunction construction and“nature-inspired biomimetic photocatalyst”design promises practical applications and industrial use. | Libo Wang Xingang Fei Liuyang Zhang Jiaguo Yu Bei Cheng Yuhua Ma | 2022 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2022，，17： | 4 |
| 18 | Modelling tree mortality across diameter classes using mixedeffects zero-inflated models显示文摘The mortality of trees across diameter class model is a useful tool for predicting changes in stand structure.Mortality data commonly contain a large fraction of zeros and general discrete models thus show more errors.Based on the traditional Poisson model and the negative binomial model,different forms of zero-inflated and hurdle models were applied to spruce-fir mixed forests data to simulate the number of dead trees.By comparing the residuals and Vuong test statistics,the zero-inflated negative binomial model performed best.A random effect was added to improve the model accuracy;however,the mixed-effects zero-inflated model did not show increased advantages.According to the model principle,the zeroinflated negative binomial model was the most suitable,indicating that the'0'events in this study,mainly from the sample'0',i.e.,the zero mortality data,are largely due to the limitations of the experimental design and sample selection.These results also show that the number of dead trees in the diameter class is positively correlated with the number of trees in that class and the mean stand diameter,and inversely related to class size,and slope and aspect of the site. | Yang Li Xingang Kang Qing Zhang Weiwei Guo | 2020 | Journal of Forestry Research2020，31，1： | 3 |
| 19 | OsPKpa_1 encodes a plastidic pyruvate kinase that affects starch biosynthesis in the rice endosperm显示文摘Pyruvate kinase(PK) is a key enzyme in glycolysis and carbon metabolism. Here, we isolated a rice(Oryza sativa) mutant, w59, with a white-core floury endosperm. Map-based cloning of w59 identified a mutation in OsPKpa_1, which encodes a plastidic isoform of PK(PKp). OsPKpa_1 localizes to the amyloplast stroma in the developing endosperm, and the mutation of OsPKpa_1 in w59 decreases the plastidic PK activity, resulting in dramatic changes to the lipid biosynthesis in seeds. The w59 grains were also characterized by a marked decrease in starch content. Consistent with a decrease in number and size of the w59 amyloplasts, large empty spaces were observed in the central region of the w59 endosperm, atthe early grain-filling stage. Moreover, a phylogenetic analysis revealed four potential rice isoforms of OsPKp. We validated the in vitro PK activity of these OsPKps through reconstituting active PKp complexes derived from inactive individual OsPKps, revealing the heteromeric structure of rice PKps, which was further confirmed using a protein–protein interaction analysis. These findings suggest a functional connection between lipid and starch synthesis in rice endosperm amyloplasts. | Yue Cai Wenwei Zhang Jie Jin Xiaoming Yang Xiaoman You Haigang Yan Liang Wang Jie Chen Jiahuan Xu Weiwei Chen Xingang Chen Jing Ma Xiaojie Tang Fei Kong Xiaopin Zhu Guoxiang Wang Ling Jiang William Terzaghi Chunming Wang Jianmin Wan | 2018 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2018，60，11： | 3 |
| 20 | Critical function of DNA methyltransferase 1 in tomato development and regulation of the DNA methylome and transcriptome显示文摘DNA methylation confers epigenetic regulation on gene expression and thereby on various biological processes.Tomato has emerged as an excellent system to study the function of DNA methylation in plant development.To date,regulation and function of DNA methylation maintenance remains unclear in tomato plants.Here,we report the critical function of tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)Methyltransferase 1(Sl MET1)in plant development and DNA methylome and transcriptome regulation.Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing,we generated slmet1 mutants and observed severe developmental defects with a frame-shift mutation,including small and curly leaves,defective inflorescence,and parthenocarpy.In leaf tissues,mutations in Sl MET1 caused CG hypomethylation and CHH hypermethylationon a whole-genome scale,leading to a disturbed transcriptome including ectopic expression of many RIN target genes such as ACC2 in leaf tissues,which are normally expressed in fruits.Neither the CG hypomethylation nor CHH hypermethylation in the slmet1 mutants is related to tissue culture.Meanwhile,tissue culture induces non-CG hypomethylation,which occurs more frequently at gene regions than at TE regions.Our results depict Sl MET1-and tissue culture-dependent tomato DNA methylomes,and that Sl MET1 is required for maintaining a normal transcriptome and normal development of tomato. | Yu Yang Kai Tang Tatsiana U Datsenka Wenshan Liu Suhui Lv Zhaobo Lang Xingang Wang Jinghui Gao Wei Wang Wenfeng Nie Zhaoqing Chu Heng Zhang Avtar K HANDa Jian-Kang Zhu Huiming Zhang | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2019，61，12： | 3 |
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