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| 1 | Whole Genome Analyses of Chinese Population and De Novo Assembly of A Northern Han Genome显示文摘To unravel the genetic mechanisms of disease and physiological traits,it requires comprehensive sequencing analysis of large sample size in Chinese populations.Here,we report the primary results of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Precision Medicine Initiative(CASPMI)project launched by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,including the de novo assembly of a northern Han reference genome(NH1.0)and whole genome analyses of 597 healthy people coming from most areas in China.Given the two existing reference genomes for Han Chinese(YH and HX1)were both from the south,we constructed NH1.0,a new reference genome from a northern individual,by combining the sequencing strategies of PacBio,10×Genomics,and Bionano mapping.Using this integrated approach,we obtained an N50 scaffold size of 46.63 Mb for the NH1.0 genome and performed a comparative genome analysis of NH1.0 with YH and HX1.In order to generate a genomic variation map of Chinese populations,we performed the whole-genome sequencing of 597 participants and identified 24.85 million(M)single nucleotide variants(SNVs),3.85 M small indels,and 106,382 structural variations.In the association analysis with collected phenotypes,we found that the T allele of rs1549293 in KAT8 significantly correlated with the waist circumference in northern Han males.Moreover,significant genetic diversity in MTHFR,TCN2,FADS1,and FADS2,which associate with circulating folate,vitamin B12,or lipid metabolism,was observed between northerners and southerners.Especially,for the homocysteine-increasing allele of rs1801133(MTHFR 677T),we hypothesize that there exists a “comfort”zone for a high frequency of 677T between latitudes of 35–45 degree North.Taken together,our results provide a high-quality northern Han reference genome and novel population-specific data sets of genetic variants for use in the personalized and precision medicine. | Zhenglin Du Liang Ma Hongzhu Qu Wei Chen Bing Zhang Xi Lu Weibo Zhai Xin Sheng Yongqiao Sun Wenjie Li Meng Lei Qiuhui Qi Na Yuan Shuo Shi Jingyao Zeng Jinyue Wang Yadong Yang Qi Liu Yaqiang Hong Lili Dong Zhewen Zhang Dong Zou Yanqing Wang Shuhui Song Fan Liu Xiangdong Fang Hua Chen Xin Liu Jingfa Xiao Changqing Zeng | 2019 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2019，17，3： | 4 |
| 2 | Optical and Radiative Properties of Aerosols during a Severe Haze Episode over the North China Plain in December 2016显示文摘The optical and radiative properties of aerosols during a severe haze episode from 15 to 22 December 2016 over Beijing, Shijiazhuang, and Jiaozuo in the North China Plain were analyzed based on the ground-based and satellite data, meteorological observations, and atmospheric environmental monitoring data. The aerosol optical depth at 500 nm was < 0.30 and increased to > 1.4 as the haze pollution developed. The ?ngstr?m exponent was > 0.80 for most of the study period. The daily single-scattering albedo was > 0.85 over all of the North China Plain on the most polluted days and was > 0.97 on some particular days. The volumes of fine and coarse mode particles during the haze event were approximately 0.05–0.21 and 0.01–0.43 μm3, respectively—that is, larger than those in the time without haze. The daily absorption aerosol optical depth was about 0.01–0.11 in Beijing, 0.01–0.13 in Shijiazhuang, and0.01–0.04 in Jiaozuo, and the average absorption ?ngstr?m exponent varied between 0.6 and 2.0. The aerosol radiative forcing at the bottom of the atmosphere varied from –23 to –227, –34 to –199, and –29 to –191 W m–2 for the whole haze period, while the aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere varied from –4 to –98, –10 to –51,and –21 to –143 W m–2 in Beijing, Shijiazhuang, and Jiaozuo, respectively. Satellite observations showed that smoke,polluted dust, and polluted continental components of aerosols may aggravate air pollution during haze episodes. The analysis of the potential source contribution function and concentration-weighted trajectory showed that the contribution from local emissions and pollutants transport from upstream areas were 190–450 and 100–410 μg m^(–3), respectively. | Yu ZHENG Huizheng CHE Leiku YANG Jing CHEN Yaqiang WANG Xiangao XIA Hujia ZHAO Hong WANG Deying WANG Ke GUI Linchang AN Tianze SUN Jie YU Xiang KUANG Xin LI Enwei SUN Dapeng ZHAO Dongsen YANG Zengyuan GUO Tianliang ZHAO Xiaoye ZHANG | 2017 | Journal of Meteorological Research2017，31，6： | 2 |
| 3 | Development of an integrating sphere calibration method for Cimel sunphotometers in China aerosol remote sensing network显示文摘Based on the integrating sphere traced from the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST,USA), a sphere calibration method and protocol for the China aerosol remote sensing network(CARSNET)Cimel sun photometer was established. Four CE318 sun photometers were verified using the proposed calibration method and operational protocol. The calibration results showed that the instrument coefficients differed by less than 3% for visible(~5% for infrared) wavelengths from the original ones stated by Cimel Electronique. In situ validation experiment data showed that radiances at ±6° measured by sun collimator(aureole) were consistent with those measured by sky collimator(sky), under both almucantar(ALMUC)^nd principal plane(PPLAN) scenarios. Differences at all wavelengths were less than 1%, indicating that the method and protocol are suitable for CARSNET field sun photometer calibration, and would benefit improvement of data quality and accuracy of network observations. | Ran Tao Huizheng Che Quanliang Chen Yaqiang Wang Junying Sun Xiaochun Zhang Sai Lu Jianping Guo Hong Wang Xiaoye Zhang | 2014 | Particuology2014，12，2： | 1 |
| 4 | PET image reconstruction with rotationally symmetric polygonal pixel grid based highly compressible system matrix显示文摘To achieve a maximum compression of system matrix in positron emission tomography (PET) image reconstruction, we proposed a polygonal image pixel division strategy in accordance with rotationally symmetric PET geometry. Geometrical definition and indexing rule for polygonal pixels were established. Image conversion from polygonal pixel structure to conventional rectangular pixel structure was implemented using a conversion matrix. A set of test images were analytically defined in polygonal pixel structure, converted to conventional rectangular pixel based images, and correctly displayed which verified the correctness of the image definition, conversion description and conversion of polygonal pixel structure. A compressed system matrix for PET image recon was generated by tap model and tested by forward-projecting three different distributions of radioactive sources to the sinogram domain and comparing them with theoretical predictions. On a practical small animal PET scanner, a compress ratio of 12.6:1 of the system matrix size was achieved with the polygonal pixel structure, comparing with the conventional rectangular pixel based tap-mode one. OS-EM iterative image reconstruction algorithms with the polygonal and conventional Cartesian pixel grid were developed. A hot rod phantom was detected and reconstructed based on these two grids with reasonable time cost. Image resolution of reconstructed images was both 1.35 mm. We conclude that it is feasible to reconstruct and display images in a polygonal image pixel structure based on a compressed system matrix in PET image reconstruction. | YU Yunhan XIA Yan CHEN Jing HONG Baoyu LIU Yaqiang WANG Shi MA Tianyu | 2013 | Nuclear Science and Techniques2013，24，3： | 0 |
| 5 | Synergistic control of dual cross-linking strategy toward tailor-made hydrogels显示文摘Simple, efficient and accurate controllable systems for materials are becoming more essential, in response to the explosively growing demands in the fields of chemistry and material science. Herein, tailored hydrogels are explored depending on synergistic regulation of p H-responsive chemical networks with an 'on/off' function and physical networks with dynamic selfoptimized arrangement. Thiol-disulfide exchange reaction endows hydrogels with controlled architectures while hydrogen bondstrengthened 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone(UPy) moieties contributes a significant increase in mechanical strengths. The integration of that dual cross-linking(DC) network ensures the hydrogels with customized structure and enhanced mechanical property. Such controllably strategy is universally applicable and will open a new avenue to flexibly fabricate desired hybrid hydrogels with distinctive features and functions for their potential applications. | Xueyu Dou Qingchen Cao Feifei Sun Yaqiang Wang Hufei Wang Hong Shen Fei Yang Xing Wang Decheng Wu | 2020 | Science China Chemistry2020，63，12： | 0 |
| 6 | Mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)s with dual active sites for highly efficient CO_(2)conversion显示文摘Atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations are soaring due to the continued use of fossil fuels in energy production,an anthropogenic activity that is playing a leading role in global warming.Thus,research aimed at the capture and conversion of CO_(2)into value-added products,such as cyclic carbonates,is booming.While CO_(2)is an abundant,cheap,non-toxic,and readily accessible Cl feedstock,its thermodynamic stability necessitates the development of highly efficient catalysts that are able to promote chemical reactions under mild conditions.In this work,a novel mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)with dual active sites was synthesized through a facile method that involves co-polymerization,post-synthetic metalation,and supercritical CO_(2)drying.Due to a high density of nucleophilic and electrophilic sites,the as-prepared poly(ionic liquid),denoted as P2D-4BrBQA-Zn,offers excellent performance in a CO_(2)cycloaddition reaction using epichlorohydrin as the substrate(98.9%conversion and 96.9%selectivity).Moreover the reaction is carried out under mild,solvent-free,and additive-free conditions.Notably,P2D-4BrBQA-Zn also efficiently promotes the conversion of various other epoxide substrates into cyclic carbonates.Overall,the catalyst is found to have excellent substrate compatibility,stability,and recyclability. | Yawen Fu Yanan Xu Zepeng Zeng Abdul-Rauf Ibrahim Jin Yang Shuliang Yang Yaqiang Xie Yanzhen Hong Yuzhong Su Hongtao Wang Yanliang Wang Li Peng Jun Li Wendy L.Queen | 2023 | Green Energy & Environment2023，8，2： | 0 |
| 7 | Common Postzygotic Mutational Signatures in Healthy Adult Tissues Related to Embryonic Hypoxia显示文摘Postzygotic mutations are acquired in normal tissues throughout an individual’s lifetime and hold clues for identifying mutagenic factors.Here,we investigated postzygotic mutation spectra of healthy individuals using optimized ultra-deep exome sequencing of the time-series samples from the same volunteer as well as the samples from different individuals.In blood,sperm,and muscle cells,we resolved three common types of mutational signatures.Signatures A and B represent clocklike mutational processes,and the polymorphisms of epigenetic regulation genes influence the proportion of signature B in mutation profiles.Notably,signature C,characterized by C>T transitions at GpCpN sites,tends to be a feature of diverse normal tissues.Mutations of this type are likely to occur early during embryonic development,supported by their relatively high allelic frequencies,presence in multiple tissues,and decrease in occurrence with age.Almost none of the public datasets for tumors feature this signature,except for 19.6%of samples of clear cell renal cell carcinoma with increased activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1(HIF-1)signaling pathway.Moreover,the accumulation of signature C in the mutation profile was accelerated in a human embryonic stem cell line with drug-induced activation of HIF-1α.Thus,embryonic hypoxia may explain this novel signature across multiple normal tissues.Our study suggests that hypoxic condition in an early stage of embryonic development is a crucial factor inducing C>T transitions at GpCpN sites;and individuals’genetic background may also influence their postzygotic mutation profiles. | Yaqiang Hong Dake Zhang Xiangtian Zhou Aili Chen Amir Abliz Jian Bai Liang Wang Qingtao Hu Kenan Gong Xiaonan Guan Mengfei Liu Xinchang Zheng Shujuan Lai Hongzhu Qu Fuxin Zhao Shuang Hao Zhen Wu Hong Cai Shaoyan Hu Yue Ma Junting Zhang Yang Ke Qian-Fei Wang Wei Chen Changqing Zeng | 2022 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2022，20，1： | 0 |
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