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| 1 | Carbon and nitrogen storage in an age-sequence of Pinus densiflora stands in Korea显示文摘The carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) storage capabilities of Pinus densiflora in six different stand ages(10,27,30,32,44,and 71 years old) were investigated in Korea.Thirty sample trees were destructively harvested and 12 were excavated.Samples from the above and belowground tree components,coarse woody debris(CWD),forest floor,and mineral soil(0-30 cm) were collected.Tree biomass was highest in the 71-year-old stand(202.8 t ha-1) and lowest in the 10-year-old stand(18.4 t ha-1).C and N storage in the mineral soil was higher in the 71-year-old stand than in the other stands,mainly due to higher soil C and N concentrations.Consequently,the total ecosystem C and N storage(tree+forest floor+CWD+soil) was positively correlated with stand age:increasing from a minimum in the 10 year old stand(18.8 t C ha-1 and 1.3 t N ha-1) to a maximum in the 71-year-old stand(201.4 t C ha-1 and 8.5 t N ha-1).The total ecosystem C storage showed a similar sigmoidal pattern to that of tree C storage as a function of the age-sequence,while N storage in the CWD,forest floor and mineral soil showed no significant temporal trends.Our results provide important insights that will increase our understanding of C and N storage in P.densiflora stands and our ability to predict changes according to stand age in the region. | NOH Nam-Jin SON Yowhan LEE Sue-Kyoung SEO Kyung-Won HEO Su-Jin1 YI Myong-Jong PARK Pil-Sun KIM Rae-Hyun SON Yeong-Mo LEE Kyeong-Hak | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，7： | 24 |
| 2 | 碳循环研究:东亚生态系统为什么重要显示文摘碳循环是地球上最大的生物地球化学循环,它通过植物的光合作用,将大气中的CO2固定为有机质,将太阳能转化成化学能,从而成为人类生产和生活中最基本的物质资料和能量来源. | 方精云 唐艳鸿 SON Yowhan | 2010 | 中国科学:生命科学2010，40，7： | 14 |
| 3 | Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a Pinus densiflora forest with low and high stand densities显示文摘Aims Understanding carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)dynamics and their dependence on the stand density of an even-aged,mature forest provides knowledge that is important for forest management.This study investigated the differences in ecosystem total C and N storage and flux between a low-density stand(LD)and a high-density stand(HD)and examined the effects of stand density on aboveground net primary productivity(ANPP),total belowground C allocation(TBCA)and net ecosystem production(NEP)in a naturally regenerated,65-to 75-year-old Pinus densiflora S.et Z.forest.Methods LD(450 trees ha^(−1))and HD(842 trees ha^(−1))were established in an even-aged,mature P.densiflora forest in September 2006.The forest had been naturally regenerated following harvesting,and the stand density was naturally maintained without any artificial management such as thinning.The diameter at breast height(DBH≥5.0cm)of all live stems within the stands was measured yearly from 2007 to 2011.To compare C and N storage and fluxes in LD and HD,C and N pools in aboveground and belowground biomass,the forest floor,coarse woody debris(CWD)and soil;soil CO_(2) efflux(R_(S));autotrophic respiration(R_(A));litter production;and soil N availability were measured.Further,ANPP,TBCA and NEP were estimated from plot-based measurement data.Important Findings Ecosystem C(Mg C ha^(−1))and N(Mg N ha^(−1))storage was,respectively,173.0±7.3(mean±SE)and 4.69±0.30 for LD and 162±11.8 and 4.08±0.18 for HD.There were no significant differences in C and N storage in the ecosystem components,except for soils,between the two stands.In contrast,there were significant differences in aboveground ANPP and TBCA between the two stands(P<0.05).Litterfall,biomass increment and R_(S) were major C flux components with values of,respectively,3.89,3.74 and 9.07 Mg C ha^(−1) year^(−1) in LD and 3.15,2.94 and 7.06 Mg C ha^(−1) year^(−1) in HD.Biometric-based NEP(Mg C ha^(−1) year^(−1))was 4.18 in LD and 5.50 in HD.Although the even-aged,mature P.densiflora forest had similar C and N allocation patterns,it showed different C and N dynamics depending on stand density.The results of the current study will be useful for elucidating the effects of stand density on C and N storage and fluxes,which are important issues in managing natural mature forest ecosystems. | Nam Jin Noh Choonsig Kim Sang Won Bae Woo Kyun Lee Tae Kyung Yoon Hiroyuki Muraoka Yowhan Son | 2013 | Journal of Plant Ecology2013，6，5： | 14 |
| 4 | Why are East Asian ecosystems important for carbon cycle research?显示文摘The global carbon cycle is one of the most important biogeochemical cycles. Through photosynthesis, green plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere to produce organic matters, | SON Yowhan | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，7： | 12 |
| 5 | Estimation of carbon storage based on individual tree detection in Pinus densiflora stands using a fusion of aerial photography and LiDAR data显示文摘The objective of this study was to estimate the carbon storage capacity of Pinus densiflora stands using remotely sensed data by combining digital aerial photography with light detection and ranging(LiDAR) data.A digital canopy model(DCM),generated from the LiDAR data,was combined with aerial photography for segmenting crowns of individual trees.To eliminate errors in over and under-segmentation,the combined image was smoothed using a Gaussian filtering method.The processed image was then segmented into individual trees using a marker-controlled watershed segmentation method.After measuring the crown area from the segmented individual trees,the individual tree diameter at breast height(DBH) was estimated using a regression function developed from the relationship observed between the field-measured DBH and crown area.The above ground biomass of individual trees could be calculated by an image-derived DBH using a regression function developed by the Korea Forest Research Institute.The carbon storage,based on individual trees,was estimated by simple multiplication using the carbon conversion index(0.5),as suggested in guidelines from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.The mean carbon storage per individual tree was estimated and then compared with the field-measured value.This study suggested that the biomass and carbon storage in a large forest area can be effectively estimated using aerial photographs and LiDAR data. | KIM So-Ra KWAK Doo-Ahn LEE Woo-Kyun SON Yowhan BAE Sang-Won KIM Choonsig YOO Seongjin | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，7： | 9 |
| 6 | Estimation of effective plant area index for South Korean forests using LiDAR system显示文摘Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR) systems can be used to estimate both vertical and horizontal forest structure.Woody components,the leaves of trees and the understory can be described with high precision,using geo-registered 3D-points.Based on this concept,the Effective Plant Area Indices(PAIe) for areas of Korean Pine(Pinus koraiensis),Japanese Larch(Larix leptolepis) and Oak(Quercus spp.) were estimated by calculating the ratio of intercepted and incident LIDAR laser rays for the canopies of the three forest types.Initially,the canopy gap fraction(GLiDAR) was generated by extracting the LiDAR data reflected from the canopy surface,or inner canopy area,using k-means statistics.The LiDAR-derived PAIe was then estimated by using GLIDAR with the Beer-Lambert law.A comparison of the LiDAR-derived and field-derived PAIe revealed the coefficients of determination for Korean Pine,Japanese Larch and Oak to be 0.82,0.64 and 0.59,respectively.These differences between field-based and LIDAR-based PAIe for the different forest types were attributed to the amount of leaves and branches in the forest stands.The absence of leaves,in the case of both Larch and Oak,meant that the LiDAR pulses were only reflected from branches.The probability that the LiDAR pulses are reflected from bare branches is low as compared to the reflection from branches with a high leaf density.This is because the size of the branch is smaller than the resolution across and along the 1 meter LIDAR laser track.Therefore,a better predictive accuracy would be expected for the model if the study would be repeated in late spring when the shoots and leaves of the deciduous trees begin to appear. | KWAK Doo-Ahn LEE Woo-Kyun KAFATOS Menas SON Yowhan CHO Hyun-Kook LEE Seung-Ho | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，7： | 7 |
| 7 | Impacts of low-intensity prescribed fire on microbial and chemical soil properties in a Quercus frainetto forest显示文摘Prescribed fire is a common economical and effective forestry practice, and therefore it is important to understand the effects of fire on soil properties for better soil management. We investigated the impacts of low-intensity prescribed fire on the microbial and chemical properties of the top soil in a Hungarian oak(Quercus frainetto Ten.) forest. The research focused on microbial soil parameters(microbial soil respiration(RSM), soil microbial biomass carbon(Cmic) and metabolic quotient(qCO_2) and chemical topsoil properties(soil acidity(pH),electrical conductivity(EC), carbon(C), nitrogen(N), C/N ratio and exchangeable cations). Mean annual comparisons show significant differences in four parameters(C/N ratio,soil pH, Cmic and qCO_2) while monthly comparisons do not reveal any significant differences. Soil pH increased slightly in the burned plots and had a significantly positive correlation with exchangeable cations Mg, Ca, Mn and K.The mean annual C/N ratio was significantly higher in the burned plots(28.5:1) than in the control plots(27.0:1). The mean annual Cmic(0.6 mg g^(-1)) was significantly lower although qCO_2(2.5 lg CO_2–C mg Cmic h^(-1)) was significantly higher, likely resulting from the microbial response to fire-induced environmental stress. Low-intensity prescribed fire caused very short-lived changes. The annual mean values of C/N ratio, pH, Cmic and qCO_2 showed significant differences. | Serdar Akburak Yowhan Son Ender Makineci Meric Cakir | 2018 | Journal of Forestry Research2018，29，3： | 6 |
| 8 | Changes in the distribution of South Korean forest vegetation simulated using thermal gradient indices显示文摘To predict changes in South Korean vegetation distribution,the Warmth Index(WI) and the Minimum Temperature of the Coldest Month Index(MTCI) were used.Historical climate data of the past 30 years,from 1971 to 2000,was obtained from the Korea Meteorological Administration.The Fifth-Generation National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCAR) /Penn State Mesoscale Model(MM5) was used as a source for future climatic data under the A1B scenario from the Special Report on Emission Scenario(SRES) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC).To simulate future vegetation distribution due to climate change,the optimal habitat ranges of Korean tree species were delimited by the thermal gradient indices,such as WI and MTCI.To categorize the Thermal Analogy Groups(TAGs) for the tree species,the WI and MTCI were orthogonally plotted on a two-dimensional grid map.The TAGs were then designated by the analogue composition of tree species belonging to the optimal WI and MTCI ranges.As a result of the clustering process,22 TAGs were generated to explain the forest vegetation distribution in Korea.The primary change in distribution for these TAGs will likely be in the shrinkage of areas for the TAGs related to Pinus densiflora and P.koraiensis,and in the expansion of the other TAG areas,mainly occupied by evergreen broad-leaved trees,such as Camellia japonica,Cyclobalanopsis glauca,and Schima superba.Using the TAGs to explain the effects of climate change on vegetation distribution on a more regional scale resulted in greater detail than previously used global or continental scale vegetation models. | CHOI Sungho LEE Woo-Kyun SON Yowhan YOO Seongjin LIM Jong-Hwan | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，7： | 6 |
| 9 | Short-Term Effects of Experimental Warming and Precipitation Manipulation on Soil Microbial Biomass C and N, Community Substrate Utilization Patterns and Community Composition显示文摘Soil microorganisms are major drivers of soil carbon(C) cycling;however,the response of these microorganisms to climate change remains unclear.In the present study,we investigated how 18 months of multifactor climate treatments(warmed air temperature by 3℃ and decreased or increased precipitation manipulation by 30%) affected soil microbial biomass C and nitrogen(N),community substrate utilization patterns,and community composition.Decreased and increased precipitation significantly reduced microbial biomass C by 13.5% and 24.9% and microbial biomass N by 22.9% and 17.6% in unwarmed plots,respectively(P<0.01).Warming enhanced community substrate utilization by 89.8%,20.4%,and 141.4% in the natural,decreased,and increased precipitation plots,respectively.Particularly,warming significantly enhanced the utilization of amine and carboxylic acid substrates among all precipitation manipulation plots.Compared with the natural air temperature with natural precipitation treatment,other treatments affected fungal community richness by -0.9% to 33.6% and reduced the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial and fungal groups by 0.5% to 6.8% and 4.3% to 10.7%,respectively.The warming and/or precipitation manipulation treatments significantly altered Zygomycota abundance(P<0.05).Our results indicate that climate change drivers and their interactions may cause changes in soil microbial biomass C and N,community substrate utilization patterns,and community composition,particularly for the fungal community,and shifts in the microorganism community may further shape the ecosystems function. | Guanlin LI Seongjun KIM Minji PARK Yowhan SON | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，4： | 4 |
| 10 | Radial growth response of Pinus densiflora and Quercus spp.to topographic and climatic factors in South Korea显示文摘Aims This study aimed to develop radial growth models and to predict the potential spatial distribution of Pinus densiflora(Japanese red pine)and Quercus spp.(Oaks)in South Korea,considering topographic and climatic factors.Methods We used a dataset of diameter at breast height and radial growth estimates of individual trees,topographic and climatic factors in systematic sample plots distributed over the whole of South Korea.On the basis that radial growth is attributed primarily to tree age,we developed a radial growth model employing tree age as an explanatory variable.We estimated standard growth(SG),defined as radial growth of the tree at age 30,to eliminate the influence of tree age on radial growth.In addition,SG estimates including the Topographic Wetness Index,temperature and precipitation were calculated by the Generalized Additive Model.Important Findings As a result of variogram analysis of SG,we found spatial autocorrelation between SG,topographic and climatic factors.Incremental temperature had negative impacts on radial growth of P.densiflora and positive impacts on that of Quercus spp.Precipitation was associated with positive effects on both tree species.Based on the model,we found that radial growth of P.densiflora would be more vulnerable than that of Quercus spp.to climatic factors.Through simulation with the radial growth model,it was predicted that P.densiflora stands would be gradually replaced with Quercus spp.stands in eastern coastal and southern regions of South Korea in the future.The models developed in this study will be helpful for understanding the impact of climatic factors on tree growth and for predicting changes in distribution of P.densiflora and Quercus spp.due to climate change in South Korea. | Jae Gyun Byun Woo Kyun Lee Moonil Kim Doo Ahn Kwak Hanbin Kwak Taejin Park Woo Hyuk Byun Yowhan Son Jung Kee Choi Young Jin Lee Joachim Saborowski Dong Jun Chung Jin Hyun Jung | 2013 | Journal of Plant Ecology2013，6，5： | 3 |
| 11 | 基于温度指数-温暖指数和最冷月低温对韩国森林植被分布变化的模拟显示文摘利用温暖指数(WI)和最冷月平均最低气温(MTCI)预测韩国森林覆盖和植被分布的变化.为模拟气候变化引起的植被分布变化,利用过去30年(1971-2000年)的气候数据和第5代NCAR和PennState Mesoscale模型(MM5)计算得到IPCC特别报告中A1B情景下的未来气候数据.WI和MTCI是非常重要的热量指标,它们与植物获得的有效热量和抗寒能力密切相关,树种的最适分布范围也受这两种热量指标的影响.为获得树种的热量相似组合(TAG),将树种分布范围的WI和MTCI配置于二维网格图上,然后根据处于相似WI和MTCI范围的树种划为同一TAG.通过聚类分析产生出17种用于解释韩国森林植被分布的TAG.预测结果显示,未来几年韩国境内的WI和MTCI分布将向右上方移动.同时发现,与Pinusdensiflora和P.koraiensis等种类有关的热量相似组合的面积将会缩小,而常绿阔叶树(如Camellia japonica,Cyclobalanopsis glauca)占优势的热量相似组合的面积将扩大.与过去使用的全球或大陆尺度的植被模型相比,针对TAG的过程分析能够更明确地解释气候变化在区域尺度上的影响. | CHOI Sungho LEE Woo-Kyun SON Yowhan YOO Seongjin | 2010 | 中国科学:生命科学2010，40，7： | 3 |
| 12 | 利用航空影像和雷达数据估算韩国单株个体赤松林的碳储量显示文摘利用航空影像和激光雷达数据,对韩国赤松林的碳储量进行了估算.基于雷达数据建立数字冠层模型,再与航空影像融合,进而划分单株树木的冠幅范围.为消除分段误差,采用高斯滤波方法对融合后的影像进行平滑,然后利用标记控制阈值分割方法提取出单株树木的冠幅范围,再通过建立实测冠幅面积和胸径间的回归方程计算出单株树木的胸径.在此基础上,利用韩国森林研究所建立的回归模型,计算单株树木的地上生物量.单株树木的碳储量由地上生物量乘以转化系数(0.5)得到.结果显示,用此方法估算的平均单株树木碳储量为193.7kgC,与实际测量值223.8kgC较为接近,说明本研究提供的基于航空影像和雷达的方法,可以有效地估算大面积森林树木的生物量和碳储量. | KIM So-Ra KWAK Doo-Ahn LEE Woo-Kyun SON Yowhan BAE Sang-Won KIM Choonsig YOO Seongjin | 2010 | 中国科学:生命科学2010，40，7： | 2 |
| 13 | Estimating the production and mortality of fine roots using minirhizotrons in a Pinus densiflora forest in Gwangneung,Korea显示文摘The aim of this study was to estimate fine root production(FP) and fine root mortality(FM) at 0–10,10–20,and 20–30 cm soil depths using minirhizotrons in a75-year-old Pinus densiflora Sieb.et Zucc.forest located in Gwangneung,Korea.We developed the conversion factors(frame cm-2) of three soil depths(0.158 for 0–10 cm,0.120 for 10–20 cm,and 0.131 for 20–30 cm) based on soil coring and minirhizotron data.FP and FM were estimated using conversion factors from March 26,2013 to March 2,2014.The annual FP and FM values at the 0–30 cm soil depth were 3200.2 and 2271.5 kg ha^(-1)yr^(-1),respectively.The FP estimate accounted for approximately 17 % of the total net primary production at the study site.FP was highest in summer(July 31–September 26),and FM was highest in autumn(September 27–November 29).FP was positively correlated with seasonal change in soil temperature,while FM was not related to that change.The seasonality of FP and FM might be linked to above-ground photosynthetic activity.Both FP and FM at the 0–10 cm depth were significantly higher than at 10–20 and20–30 cm depths,and this resulted from the decrease in nutrient availability with increasing soil depth.The minirhizotron approach and conversion factors developed in this study will enable fast and accurate estimation of the fine root dynamics in P.densiflora forest ecosystems. | Seung Hyun Han Soonjin Yun Jongyeol Lee Seongjun Kim Hanna Chang Yowhan Son | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，5： | 2 |
| 14 | Forest structure and carbon dynamics of an intact lowland mixed dipterocarp forest in Brunei Darussalam显示文摘Tropical forests play a critical role in mitigating climate change because they account for large amount o terrestrial carbon storage and productivity.However,there are many uncertainties associated with the estimation o carbon dynamics.We estimated forest structure and carbon dynamics along a slope(17.3°–42.8°)and to assess the relations between forest structures,carbon dynamics,and slopes in an intact lowland mixed dipterocarp forest,in Kuala Belalong,Brunei Darussalam.Living biomass,basa area,stand density,crown properties,and tree family composition were measured for forest structure.Growth rate,litter production,and litter decomposition rates were also measured for carbon dynamics.The crown form index and the crown position index were used to assess crown properties,which we categorized into five stages,from very poor to perfect.The living biomass,basal area and stand density were 261.5–940.7 Mg ha^(-1),43.6–63.6 m^2ha^(-1)and 6,675–8400 tree ha^(-1),respectively.The average crown form and position index were 4,which means that the crown are mostly symmetrical and sufficiently exposed for photosynthesis.The mean biomass growth rate,litter production,litter decomposition rate were estimated as11.9,11.6 Mg ha^(-1)a^(-1),and 7.2 g a^(-1),respectively.Biomass growth rate was significantly correlated with living biomass,basal area,and crown form.Crown form appeared to strongly influence living biomass,basal area and biomass growth rate in terms of light acquisition.However,basal area,stand density,crown properties,and biomass growth rate did not vary by slope or tree family composition.The results indicate that carbon accumulation by tree growth in an intact lowland mixed dipterocarp forest depends on crown properties.Absence of any effect of tree family composition on carbon accumulation suggests that the main driver of biomass accumulation in old-growth forests of Borneo is not species-specific characteristics of tree species. | Sohye Lee Jongyeol Lee Seongjun Kim Yujin Roh Kamariah Abu Salim Woo-Kyun Lee Yowhan Son | 2018 | Journal of Forestry Research2018，29，1： | 2 |
| 15 | The effect of fertilization on early growth of konara oak and Japanese zelkova seedlings planted in a harvested pitch pine plantation显示文摘We determined a suitable amount of fertilizer for konara oak(Quercus serrata) and Japanese zelkova(Zelkova serrata) planted in a harvested pitch pine(Pinus rigida) plantation. Two-year-old bare-root seedlings of konara oak and one-year-old containerized seedlings of Japanese zelkova were planted in April 2011. Three plots were established for each tree species to evaluate each of three fertilization applications. Solid compound fertilizer(N:P:K = 3:4:1) was applied yearly in three amounts(control: no fertilization, F1: 180 kg ha-1, and F2:360 kg ha-1), every May from 2011 to 2013. We measured the root collar diameter and height, and analyzed the compartmental N and P concentrations. Compartmental N concentrations of konara oak and Japanese zelkova were not consistent based on amount of fertilization. However,the compartmental P concentrations of konara oak and Japanese zelkova were significantly different in the order of F2, F1, and control. Although the differences in growth of konara oak appeared after 3 years of fertilization,Japanese zelkova showed differences after only 2 years of fertilization owing to differences in seedling type. Growth of konara oak was affected by fertilization at F1 and F2 in2013. However, growth of Japanese zelkova was affected only at F2. Nutrient demand of Japanese zelkova appeard to be higher than that of konara oak, at least during the early growing period. Results from this study could be practically used in harvested pitch pine plantations to determine appropriate fertilization regimes. | A-Ram Yang Jaehong Hwang Min Seok Cho Yowhan Son | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，4： | 2 |
| 16 | 韩国赤松林龄序列的生物量及碳氮储量显示文摘调查了韩国6种不同林龄(10,27,30,32,44和71年生)赤松林(Pinus densiflora)的生物量、碳含量和氮含量.采用收割法采集30株个体作为样本,其中有12株挖掘了全部的根系,采集植物体地上、地下部分、凋落物(CWD)、地被物及矿质土壤样品(0-30cm)进行分析.结果显示,树木生物量最大的是林龄71年生的样地(202.8t/ha),最小的是林龄10年生的样地(18.4t/ha);林龄71年生样地的矿质土壤碳、氮储量均高于其他样地,这可能与该样地较高的土壤碳、氮密度有关.生态系统总碳、氮储量从林龄10年生的样地(18.8tC/ha和1.3tN/ha)到林龄71年生的样地(201.4tC/ha和8.5tN/ha)逐渐增高.生态系统总碳储量和树木碳储量都呈现出随着林龄S型增长的趋势,而凋落物、地被物和矿质土壤的氮含量则未显示出随林龄变化而显著变化的趋势.本结果对了解赤松林碳、氮储量的现状及预测未来的生长变化提供有效依据. | NOH Nam Jin SON Yowhan LEE Sue Kyoung SEO Kyung Won HEO Su Jin YI Myong-Jong PARK Pil Sun KIM Rae Hyun SON Yeong Mo LEE Kyeong Hak | 2010 | 中国科学:生命科学2010，40，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Soil carbon dioxide characteristics under different forest types and harvest显示文摘 | Fernandez I J Yowhan S Chuck R | 1993 | Soil Science Society of America Journal1993，57，： | 1 |
| 18 | Soil carbon dioxide characteristics under different forest types and after harvest 显示文摘 | Ivan J Femdadez Yowhan Son | 1993 | Soil Sci Soc Am J1993，57，： | 1 |
| 19 | Biomass, production and nutrient distribution of a natural oak forest in central Korea显示文摘 | Yowhan SON In Hyeop PARK Myong Jong YI Hyun O JIN Dong Yeob KIM Rae Hyun KIM Jung Ok HWANG | 2004 | Ecological Research2004，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Carbon patterns and processes in East Asian ecosystems:multi-scale approaches显示文摘It has been argued that scale is the central problem in ecology(Levin,1992).Studies on carbon cycles and global climate change,the current major themes in modern ecology,require the interfacing of phenomena that occur on different scales of space,time,and ecological organization.For several decades,tremendous efforts have been made to reveal the general patterns of,and the mechanisms for the global carbon cycles.However,many uncertainties remain,particularly on local to regional scales.To reduce these uncertainties,regional collaborations across the board of nations are required.The A3 Foresight Program“Quantifying and predicting terrestrial carbon sinks in East Asia:toward a network of climate change research”,lasting from 2007 to 2012 and supported jointly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC),the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS),aimed to build a collaborative research and education platform focusing on the carbon processes in terrestrial ecosystems in East Asia. | Jin-Sheng He Hiroyuki Muraoka Yowhan Son Jingyun Fang | 2013 | Journal of Plant Ecology2013，6，5： | 1 |
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