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| 1 | The concept of effective emissivity of nonisothermal mixed pixel and its test显示文摘Based on two preconditions, the local thermal equilibrium is satisfied and emissivities donot change with temperature, the concept of component effective emissivity of nonisothermal mixed pixel has been put forward and then the radiant directionality model of nonisothermal mixed pixel constructed from it. Our study shows that the component effective emissivity is associated with geometric structure, optical properties of target, and viewing angle, but does not depend on the component temepratures. The component temperatures can only change the ratio of component radiance to the total radiance of the mixed-pixel. The total effective emissivity of this pixel is the complement of its directional-hemisphere reflectance. After the simulation of component effective emissivity of the discrete cones and continuous vegetation canopy (winter wheat) by the Monte Carlo method, our model of radiant directionality of nonisothermal mixed pixel have been proved by lab and field measurements. | CHEN Liangfu ZHUANG Jiali XU Xiru NIU Zheng ZHANG Renhua XIANG Yueqing | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，9： | 17 |
| 2 | The Tibetan Plateau Surface–Atmosphere Coupling System and Its Weather and Climate Effects: The Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment显示文摘The Tibetan Plateau(TP) is a key area affecting forecasts of weather and climate in China and occurrences of extreme weather and climate events over the world. The China Meteorological Administration, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly initiated the Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment(TIPEX-Ⅲ) in 2013, with an 8–10-yr implementation plan. Since its preliminary field measurements conducted in 2013, routine automatic sounding systems have been deployed at Shiquanhe, Gaize, and Shenzha stations in western TP, where no routine sounding observations were available previously. The observational networks for soil temperature and soil moisture in the central and western TP have also been established. Meanwhile, the plateau-scale and regional-scale boundary layer observations, cloud–precipitation microphysical observations with multiple radars and aircraft campaigns, and tropospheric–stratospheric air composition observations at multiple sites, were performed. The results so far show that the turbulent heat exchange coefficient and sensible heat flux are remarkably lower than the earlier estimations at grassland, meadow, and bare soil surfaces of the central and western TP. Climatologically, cumulus clouds over the main body of the TP might develop locally instead of originating from the cumulus clouds that propagate northward from South Asia. The TIPEX-Ⅲ observations up to now also reveal diurnal variations, macro-and microphysical characteristics, and water-phase transition mechanisms, of cumulus clouds at Naqu station. Moreover, TIPEX-Ⅲ related studies have proposed a maintenance mechanism responsible for the Asian 'atmospheric water tower' and demonstrated the effects of the TP heating anomalies on African, Asian, and North American climates. Additionally, numerical modeling studies show that the Γ distribution of raindrop size is more suitable for depicting the TP raindrop characteristics compared to the M–P distribution, the overestimation of sensible heat flux can be reduced via modifying the heat transfer parameterization over the TP, and considering climatic signals in some key areas of the TP can improve the skill for rainfall forecast in the central and eastern parts of China. Furthermore, the TIPEX-Ⅲ has been promoting the technology in processing surface observations, soundings, and radar observations, improving the quality of satellite retrieved soil moisture and atmospheric water vapor content products as well as high-resolution gauge–radar–satellite merged rainfall products, and facilitating the meteorological monitoring, forecasting, and data sharing operations. | Ping ZHAO Yueqing LI Xueliang GUO Xiangde XU Yimin LIU Shihao TANG Wenming XIAO Chunxiang SHI Yaoming MA Xing YU Huizhi LIU La JIA Yun CHEN Yanju LIU Jian LI Dabiao LUO Yunchang CAO Xiangdong ZHENG Junming CHEN An XIAO Fang YUAN Donghui CHEN Yang PANG Zhiqun HU Shengjun ZHANG Lixin DONG Juyang HU Shuai HAN Xiuji ZHOU | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，3： | 4 |
| 3 | Adjusting the SnZn defects in Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4) absorber layer via Ge^(4+) implanting for efficient kesterite solar cells显示文摘The development of kesterite photovoltaic solar cells has been hindered by large open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))deficit.Recently,Snzn deep point defect and associative defect cluster have been recognized as the main culprit for the Voc losses.Therefore,manipulating the deep-level donor of Snzn antisite defects is crucial for breaking through the bottleneck of present Cu_(2) ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)photovoltaic technology.In this study,the Snzn deep traps in CZTSSe absorber layer are suppressed by incorporation of Ge.The energy levels and concentration of Snzn defects measured by deep-level transient spectroscopy(DLTS)decrease significantly.In addition,the grain growth of CZTSSe films is also promoted due to Ge implantation,yielding the high quality absorber layer.Consequently,the efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells increases from 9.15%to 11.48%,largely attributed to the 41 mV Voc increment. | Yueqing Deng Zhengji Zhou Xin Zhang Lei Cao Wenhui Zhou Dongxing Kou Yafang Qi Shengjie Yuan Zhi Zheng Sixin Wu | 2021 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2021，30，10： | 4 |
| 4 | Designing a dual-functional material with barrier anti-corrosion and photocatalytic antifouling properties using g-C_(3)N_(4) nanosheet with ZnO nanoring显示文摘As a semiconductor material with a 2 D-laminate structure, g-C_(3)N_(4)(bandwidth 2.7 e V) has a similar structure and excellent performance to graphene. However, high surface energy and photogenerated e–h recombination of g-C_(3)N_(4)seriously hinder its application in the field of marine anticorrosion and antifouling.To solve these problems, we synthesized the g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets decorated with Zn O nanoring via chemical etching technology. Whether the NR Zn O-CNNs have surface protection performance among the pure EP on the corrosion protection for metal substrate were investigated. The antifouling properties NR Zn OCNNs hybrid were also estimated through photocatalytic bacterial and algae resistance tests. Combined with the electrochemical results, it was found that the impedance modulus of NR Zn O-CNNs/EP within 45 days showed two orders of magnitude higher than that of pure EP in the 3.5 wt% Na Cl solution. Besides, Local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(LEIS) further explored the anticorrosion behavior of NR Zn O-CNNs/EP coating, which indicated that the NR Zn O-CNNs/EP coating with a scratch maintained an excellent corrosion resistance between 0–24 h. Under the visible light conditions, the lifetime of photogenerated e–h was prolonged due to the formation of NR Zn O-CNNs heterojunction structure, it was observed that the antibacterial rate against Bacillus subtilis reached 100% within 8 h. An Antialgae test was performed on chlorella seawater solution, which indicated that 5 mg/m L of NR Zn O-CNNs hybrid could make chlorella sharply reduce within 4 days. Simultaneously, the corrosion protection and photocatalytic antifouling mechanisms of NR Zn O-CNNs were proposed, thus it provided a broader platform for the design of versatile marine protection materials. | Yiqian Lv Yueqing Zheng Honglin Zhu Yinghao Wu | 2022 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2022，，11： | 2 |
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