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| 1 | Anti-diabetic and anti-cholesterolemic activity of methanol extracts of three species of Amaranthus显示文摘Objective:To investigate the anti-diabetic and anti-cholesterolemic activity of methanol extracts of leaves of Amaranthus caudatus,Amaranthus spinosus and Amaranthus viridis in normal and streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats.Methods:In this study,the anti-diabetic and anti-cholesterolemic activity of methanol extracts of leaves of all three plants was evaluated by using normal and STZ induced diabetic rots at a dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg p.o.daily for 21 days.Blood glucose levels and body weight were monitored at specific intervals,and different biochemical parameters,serum cholesterol,serum triglyceride,high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein were also assessed in the experimental animals.Histology of pancreas was performed.Results:It was found that all the three plants at 400 mg/kg dose showed significant anti-diabetic and anti-cholesterolemic activity(P<0.01),while at 200 mg/kg dose less significant anti-diabetic activity(P<0.05) was observed.Concluslons: Methanol extracts of Amaranthus caudatus,Amaranlhus spinosus and Amaranthus viridis showed significant anti-diabetic and anti-cholesterolemic activity,which provides the scientific proof for their traditional claims. | Girija K Lakshman K Udaya Chandrika Sabhya Sachi Ghosh Divya T | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，2： | 14 |
| 2 | Selective hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol over Ni/In2O3 catalyst显示文摘An In2O3 supported nickel catalyst has been prepared by wet chemical reduction with sodium borohydride(NaBH4) as a reducing agent for selective hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol. Highly dispersed Ni species with intense Ni-In2O3 interaction and enhanced oxygen vacancies have been achieved.The highly dispersed Ni species serve as the active sites for hydrogen activation and hydrogen spillover.Abundant H adatoms are thereby generated for the oxygen vacancy creation on the In2O3 surface. The enhanced surface oxygen vacancies further lead to improved CO2 conversion. As a result, an effective synergy between the active Ni sites and surface oxygen vacancies on In2O3 causes a superior catalytic performance for CO2 hydrogenation with high methanol selectivity. Carbon monoxide is the only by product detected. The formation of methane can be ignored. When the reaction temperature is lower than 225 ℃,the selectivity of methanol is 100%. It is higher than 64% at the temperature range between 225 ℃ and 275 ℃. The methanol selectivity is still higher than 54% at 300 ℃ with a CO2 conversion of 18.47% and a methanol yield of 0.55 gMeOHg-1cath-1(at 5 MPa). The activity of Ni/In2O3 is higher than most of the reported In2O3-based catalysts. | Xinyu Jia Kaihang Sun Jing Wang Chenyang Shen Chang-jun Liu | 2020 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2020，29，11： | 13 |
| 3 | Catalyst design strategies towards highly shape-selective HZSM-5 for paraxylene through toluene alkylation显示文摘With the shape selective zeolite catalyst,toluene alkylation with methanol to para-xylene(MTPX)technology could produce highly pure para-xylene(PX)in one step.The lower feedstock cost and less energy consumption in products separation make it more competitive compared to the current toluene disproportionation route.Thus,MTPX is regarded as the most reasonable production route for PX production.This article reviews the strategies that applied to the preparation of high-performance catalysts for MTPX,with special focus on the precise control of pore dimension and acid sites distribution in zeolite to achieve the highest selectivity to PX.The outlook of the MTPX catalyst is also proposed to guide the catalyst development in the field. | Xin Huang Ruizhuang Wang Xu Pan Chuanfu Wang Maohong Fan Yufei Zhu Yonggang Wang Jin Peng | 2020 | Green Energy & Environment2020，5，4： | 10 |
| 4 | THE EFFECT OF POWERFUL OXYGEN EVOLUTION METAL-OXIDE ON THE ELECTROOXIDATION OF METHANOL显示文摘An improved thermal decomposition method is used to prepare modified titanium base anode. Some researches have been carried out to learn about the oxygen evolution properties of RuMn, RuCo, RuCe and RuEu etc. in H2SO4 solution and their effect on the electrooxidation of methanol if added into the catalytic layers of Pt/Ti electrodes. The result indicates that the Pt/Ti electrodes containing RuMn, RuCo and RuEu etc. metal oxide catalysts with the powerful evolution property exhibit a higher electro-catalytic activity towards methanol electrooxidation than Pt/Ti electrodes without composite metal oxide catalysts. | X.C. Chen, Y.X. Liu, J. Li, J.J. Chen and H.Z. Liu (Department of Metallurgy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China) | 2001 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2001，14，2： | 9 |
| 5 | DMTO:A Sustainable Methanol-to-Olefins Technology显示文摘1.Introduction Ethylene and propylene are the cornerstones of the chemical industry,with more than 75%of chemical products as their downstream derivatives.They are conventionally produced via naphtha steam cracking and fluid catalytic cracking(FCC),in which oil is mainly used as feedstock.China,however,relies heavily on imports for crude oil.The Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP),together with China Petroleum&Chemical Corporation(Sinopec)Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Company and SYN Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,have developed a methanol-to-olefins technology—namely DMTO—which opens up an alternative path to synthesize light olefins from methanol,a platform chemical that can be readily derived from coal[1].As coal is relatively abundant in China,the success of DMTO is of practical significance in balancing the supply and demand of light olefins,reducing China’s dependence on imports for crude oil,and promoting national energy security.This report outlines the catalyst,fluidized-bed reactor,and process of DMTO technology,with an emphasis on the key technologies involved in commercial units and sustainable development for future applications. | Mao Ye Peng Tian Zhongmin Liu | 2021 | Engineering2021，7，1： | 8 |
| 6 | Antibacterial activity of various leaf extracts of Merremia emarginata显示文摘Objective:To investigate the antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of the aqueous.methanol and petroleum ether leaf extracts of Merremia emarginata(M.emarginata).Methods:The antibavterial activity of leaf extracts of M.emarginata were evaluated by agar well diffusion method against four selected bacterial species.Results:The presence of tannins,flavonoids,amino acids,starch,glycosides and carbohydrates in the different leaf extracts was established.The methanol extract was more effective against Baciilus cereus and Eseherkhia coli,whereas aqueous extract was more effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Condusions:The results in the present study suggest that M.emarginata leaf can be used in treating diseases caused by the tested organisms. | EK Elumalai M Ramachandran T Thirumalai P Vinothkumar | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，5： | 8 |
| 7 | Intermetallic PtBi core/ultrathin Pt shell nanoplates for efficient and I stable methanol and ethanol electro-oxidization显示文摘The development of Pt-based core/shell nanoparticles represents an emerging class of electrocatalysts for fuel cells, such as methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). Here, we present a one-pot synthesis approach to prepare hexagonal PtBi/Pt core/shell nan ostructure composed of an in termetallic PtiBii core and an ultrathi n Pt shell with well-defined shape, size, and composition.The structure and the synergistic effect among different components enhanced their MOR and EOR performanee. The optimized Pt2Bi nanoplates exhibit excellent mass activities in both MOR (4,820 mA·mgpt^-1) and EOR (5,950 mA·mgpt^1) conducted in alkaline media, which are 6.15 times and 8.63 times higher than those of commercial Pt/C, respectively. Pt2Bi nan opiates also show superior operati on durability to commercial Pt/C. This work may inspire the rational design and synthesis of Pt-based nanoparticles with improved performance for fuel cells and other applications. | Xiaolei Yuan Xiaojing Jiang Muhan Cao Lei Chen Kaiqi Nie Yong Zhang Yong Xu Xuhui Sun Yanguang Li Qiao Zhang | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，2： | 7 |
| 8 | Catalytic performance of hierarchical H-ZSM-5/MCM-41 for methanol dehydration to dimethyl ether显示文摘Micro-mesoporous composite molecular sieves H-ZSM-5/MCM-41 were prepared by the hydrothermal technique with alkali-treated H-ZSM-5zeolite as the source and characterized by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,N2 adsorption-desorption measurement and NH3 temperature-programmed desorption.The catalytic performances for the methanol dehydration to dimethyl ether over H-ZSM-5/MCM-41 were evaluated.Among these catalysts,H-ZSM-5/MCM-41 prepared with NaOH dosage (nNa/nSi) varying from 0.4 to 0.47 presented excellent catalytic activity with more than 80%methanol conversion and 100%dimethyl ether selectivity in a wide temperature range of 170—300℃,and H-ZSM-5/MCM-41 prepared with nNa/nSi=0.47 showed constant methanol conversion of about 88.7%,100% dimethyl ether selectivity and excellent lifetime at 220℃.The excellent catalytic performances were due to the highly active and uniform acidic sites and the hierarchical porosity in the micro-mesoporous composite molecular sieves.The catalytic mechanism of H-ZSM-5/MCM-41 for the methanol dehydration to dimethyl ether process was also discussed. | Yu Sang Hongxiao Liu Shichao He Hansheng Li Qingze Jiao Qin Wu Kening Sun | 2013 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2013，22，5： | 7 |
| 9 | Promoted effect of zinc–nickel bimetallic oxides supported on HZSM-5 catalysts in aromatization of methanol显示文摘Zn/ZSM-5(NZ2) and Zn/Ni/ZSM-5(NZ3) as the catalysts for methanol to aromatics(MTA) were synthesized by a simple ultrasonic impregnation. The textural and acid properties of all catalysts were characterized using XRD, HRTEM, NH_3-TPD, Py-IR, XPS, XRF and TG techniques. The XRD and HRTEM results showed that the basic zeolite structures were not affected much with the incorporation of Zn and Ni species. However, great changes have taken place in acid properties. The Py-IR and XPS results indicated that the Zn-Lewis acid sites(ZnOH^+ species), which have stronger interaction with the zeolite framework compared with ZnO species, were generated at the expense of B acid sites with the incorporation of zinc species. Moreover, the product analysis results showed that the incorporation of zinc species promoted the primary aromatization by enhancing the dehydroaromatization and suppressing the cracking and subsequent H-transfer reaction. Furthermore, the addition of Ni species well inhibited the loss of zinc species by converting partial ZnO species to ZnOH^+ species, and thus improved the aromatization activity and catalyst stability. The catalytic performance results showed that the NZ3 possess higher conversion of methanol in a longer time and lower average rate of coke formation compared with NZ2. In addition,the NZ3 also exhibited the highest yield of BTX as the reaction proceeds. | Yanming Jia Junwen Wang Kan Zhang Wei Feng Shibin Liu Chuanmin Ding Ping Liu | 2017 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2017，26，3： | 7 |
| 10 | Experimental study of Iranian heavy crude oil viscosity reduction by diluting with heptane, methanol, toluene, gas condensate and naphtha显示文摘Due to the high viscosity of heavy crude oils,production from these reservoirs is a demanding task.To tackle this problem,reducing oil viscosity is a promising approach.There are various methods to reduce viscosity of heavy oil:heating,diluting,emulsification,and core annular flow.In this study,dilution approach was employed,using industrial solvents and gas condensate.The viscosity of two Iranian heavy crude oils was measured by mixing with solvents at different temperatures.Dilution of both oil samples with toluene and heptane,resulted in viscosity reduction.However,their effect became less significant at higher concentrations of diluent.Because of forming hydrogen bonds,adding methanol to heavy crude oil resulted in higher viscosity.By adding condensate,viscosity of each sample reduced.Gas condensate had a greater impact on heavier oil;however,at higher temperatures its effect was reduced.Diluting with naphtha decreased heavy oil viscosity in the same way as n-heptane and toluene.Besides experimental investigation,different viscosity models were evaluated for prediction of heavy oil/solvent viscosity.It was recognized that Lederer'model is the best one. | Amir Hossein Saeedi Dehaghani Mohammad Hasan Badizad | 2016 | Petroleum2016，2，4： | 6 |
| 11 | Effect of synthesis time on morphology of CeO2 nanoparticles and Au/CeO2 and their activity in oxidative steam reforming of methanol显示文摘Ceria(CeO2)supports,synthesized by hydrothermal treatment with different synthesis time(CeO2-X h,where X is the synthesis time in h)in the presence of the surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide,were used as supports for gold(Au)catalysts.The synthesis time significantly affects the morphological structure and crystallite size of CeO2,where CeO2-2 h has the smallest crystallite size with coexisting nanorods and nanoparticles.Transmission electron microscopy analysis confirms the morphology of CeO2 with distinctive(110),(100)and(111)planes,in agreement with interplanar spacings of 0.19,0,27 and 0.31,respectively.However,the morphology of CeO2-8 h and CeO2-48 h is mainly a truncated octahedral with crystal planes(111)and(100)accompanied by an interplanar spacing of 0.31 and0.27 nm,respectively.The CeO2-X h supports and those with a 3 wt%Au loading(Au/CeO2-X h)were investigated in the oxidative steam reforming of methanol at temperatures between 200 and 400℃.The Au/CeO2-2 h gave the highest methanol conversion level and hydrogen yield at a low temperature of 250℃.This superior catalytic performance results from the good interaction between the metal and support and the well-distributed Au species on the CeO2 support. | Srisin Eaimsumang Sujitra Wongkasemjit Sangobtip Pongstabodee Siwaporn Meejoo Smith Sukritthira Ratanawilai Nuwong Chollacoop Apanee Luengnaruemitchai | 2019 | Journal of Rare Earths2019，37，8： | 6 |
| 12 | Extractive Distillation of Methyl Acetate-Methanol Azeotrope Using [DMIM]DMP as Solvent显示文摘In order to separate methyl acetate and methanol azeotrope, the ionic liquid(IL) 1,3-dimethylimidazolium dimethylphosphate([DMIM]DMP) was used as the solvent. The Aspen Plus software was used to design and optimize the extractive distillation process. Under the optimized conditions, the mass fractions of methyl acetate and methanol were both above 99.5%. Compared with the dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) process, the [DMIM]DMP process has the advantages of saving energy and lower equipment investment cost. The result shows that using [DMIM]DMP as the solvent to separate a methyl acetate and methanol azeotrope has better prospect in industrial application. | Li Jing Wang Keliang Lian Minglei Li Zhi Du Tingzhao | 2018 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2018，20，4： | 6 |
| 13 | Advancement toward Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells at Elevated Temperatures显示文摘Elevation of operational temperatures of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)has been demonstrated with phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole(PA/PBI)membranes.The technical perspective of the technology is simplified construction and operation with possible integration with,e.g.,methanol reformers.Toward this target,significant efforts have been made to develop acid-base polymer membranes,inorganic proton conductors,and organic-inorganic composite materials.This report is devoted to updating the recent progress of the development particularly of acid-doped PBI,phosphate-based solid inorganic proton conductors,and their composite electrolytes.Long-term stability of PBI membranes has been well documented,however,at typical temperatures of 160℃.Inorganic proton-conducting materials,e.g.,alkali metal dihydrogen phosphates,heteropolyacids,tetravalent metal pyrophosphates,and phosphosilicates,exhibit significant proton conductivity at temperatures of up to 300℃ but have so far found limited applications in the form of thin films.Composite membranes of PBI and phosphates,particularly in situ formed phosphosilicates in the polymer matrix,showed exceptionally stable conductivity at temperatures well above 200℃.Fuel cell tests at up to 260℃ are reported operational with good tolerance of up to 16%CO in hydrogen,fast kinetics for direct methanol oxidation,and feasibility of nonprecious metal catalysts.The prospect and future exploration of new proton conductors based on phosphate immobilization and fuel cell technologies at temperatures above 200℃ are discussed. | Jin Zhang David Aili Shanfu Lu Qingfeng Li and San Ping Jiang | 2020 | Research2020，，1： | 6 |
| 14 | Emissions of automobiles fueled with alternative fuels based on engine technology:A review显示文摘Diversi?cation of alternative fuels for automobiles is not only an actual situation,but also a development trend.Whether the alternative fuels are clean is an important issue.Emissions of automobiles fueled with natural gas(NG),methanol,ethanol,biodiesel,dimethyl ether(DME)and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethersare investigated and reviewed based on engine technology and fuel properties.Compared to gasoline,NG/gasoline bi-fuel and NG automobiles have higher brake thermal ef?ciencies(BTE)and produce less HC,CO and PM emissions,while moreCompared to diesel,NG/diesel dual fuel automobiles have lower BTE and emit lower soot andbut higher HC and CO emissions.Methanol and ethanol blending in gasoline can obviously reduce the HC,CO and PM emissions of spark ignition(SI)automobiles.Methanol or ethanol blending in diesel may prolong the ignition delay,shorten the combustion duration and improve the BTE,resulting in lower soot emissions.However,the HC,CO andof methanol or ethanol diesel blend fuels are uncertain due to low cetane number,high latent heat of vaporization.Most biodiesel has higher viscosity,distillation temperature,cetane number and oxygen content than diesel.Soot emission of biodiesel is lower than that of diesel,whileis higher.Both DME andnot contain Ce C bonds and their blend with diesel can prohibit the formation of soot.high cetane number and low viscosity,resulting in better ignitability and spray quality respectively.shortens both the ignition delay and the combustion duration,improves the BTE,and increases the temperature in the diffusion combustion phase,leading to a higher NOx emission. | Yisong Chen Jinqiu Ma Bin Han Peng Zhang Haining Hua Hao Chen Xin Su | 2018 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)2018，5，4： | 5 |
| 15 | Dealumination and desilication for Al-rich HZSM-5 zeolite via steam-alkaline treatment and its application in methanol aromatization显示文摘The hierarchical HZSM-5 was prepared via dealumination and desilication of commercial Al-rich HZSM-5, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, 27Al magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, N2 adsorption-desorption, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption, performed thermogravimetric and Raman spectrum. The results showed that partial framework of HZSM-5 was removed after steam treatment at 0.15 MPa, 500℃ for 3 h. HZSM-5 with high specific surface area and much mesoporosity was obtained by the subsequent alkaline treatment. The regulation of acid quantity was achieved by altering the concentration of alkaline. Dealumination and desilication of Al-rich HZSM-5 zeolites became more effective using a combination of steam and alkaline treatments than using alkaline treatment alone. Methanol aromatization reaction was employed to evaluate the catalytic performance of treated HZSM-5 at 0.15 MPa, 450℃ and MHSV of 1.5 h^-1. The results indicated that after steam treatment, HZSM-5 further treated with 0.2 mol/L NaOH exhibits the best catalytic performance: the selectivity of aromatics reached 42.1% and the lifetime of catalyst attained 212 h, which are much better than untreated HZSM-5. | Yuehua Fang Fan Yang Xuan He Xuedong Zhu | 2019 | Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering2019，13，3： | 5 |
| 16 | Study on Catalytic Alkylation of Benzene with Methanol over ZSM-22 and ZSM-35显示文摘The ZSM-22 and ZSM-35 zeolites were synthesized via the hydrothermal crystallization method. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, N_2 adsorption-desorption, NH_3-TPD, TPO, TG, and Raman spectrometry, and the results showed that ZSM-22 and ZSM-35 possessed similar microporous volume and acidity. In the alkylation of benzene with methanol, ZSM-22 and ZSM-35 showed different coke location, coking rate and graphitizing degree. Compared with the industrial ZSM-5, ZSM-22 and ZSM-35 both showed higher selectivity of toluene and xylene(93.63% and 96.50%,respectively) during the alkylation of benzene with methanol, and the selectivity of para-xylene in xylene isomers was51.96% and 41.45%, respectively. Meanwhile, the selectivity of ethylbenzene and C_9^+ aromatics was also lower than that of industrial ZSM-5. | Li Yunsheng Wen Zhenhao Wei Zhenhao Yang Fan Zhu Xuedong | 2017 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2017，19，4： | 5 |
| 17 | In vitro antibacterial potential of some Vitex species against human pathogenic bacteria显示文摘Objective:To study the antibacterial activity of the leaf methanol extracts of five different species of Vitex namely,Vilex altissima(V.allissima),Vitex diversifolia(V.diversifolia),Vitex negundo(V.negundo),Vitex peduncularis(V.peduncularis) and Vitex trifolia(V.trifolia). Methods:Antibacterial assay was carried out by using disc diffusion method,determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations(MBC) against five strains of Gram-positive and seven strains of Gram-negative human pathogenic bacterial strains.Results:The results of antibacterial activity of Vitex species showed that the extracts possessed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity.The V.peduncularis possessed the highest activity against all the microorganisms screened.It produced a zone of inhibition ranged between (11.000±0.577) and(22.670±0.667) mm and the MIC values were from 62.5 to I 000.0μg/mL and the MBC values were from 125.0 to 2 000.0μg/mL.Conclusions:Based on the present study, V.peduncularis is recommended for the isolation of antibacterial molecule responsible for the activity against the tested human pathogenic bacterial strains. | Krishnan Kannathasan Annadurai Senthilkumar Venugopalan Venkatesalu | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，8： | 5 |
| 18 | Generalized two-dimensional correlation near-infrared spectroscopy and principal component analysis of the structures of methanol and ethanol显示文摘Liquid state methanol and ethanol under different temperatures have been investigated by FT-NIR(Fourier transform nearinfrared) spectroscopy,generalized two-dimensional(2D) correlation spectroscopy,and PCA(principal component analysis) . First,the FT-NIR spectra were measured over a temperature range of 30-64(or 30-71) °C,and then the 2D correlation spectra were computed.Combining near-infrared spectroscopy,generalized 2D correlation spectroscopy,and references,we analyzed the molecular structures(especially the hydrogen bond) of methanol and ethanol,and performed the NIR band assignments. The PCA method was employed to verify the results of the 2D analysis.This study will be helpful to the understanding of these reagents. | Liu Hao Xu JianPing Qu LingBo Xiang BingRen | 2010 | Science China Chemistry2010，53，5： | 5 |
| 19 | High pressure organic colloid method for the preparation of high performance carbon nanotube-supported Pt and PtRu catalysts for fuel cell applications显示文摘Highly dispersed,high performance Pt and PtRu catalysts,supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs),were prepared by a high pressure organic colloid method.The particle sizes of the active components were as small as 1.2 nm for Pt and 1.1 nm for PtRu,and the active Pt surface areas were 295 and 395 m2/g,respectively.The catalysts showed very high activities toward the anodic oxidation of methanol,evaluated by cyclic voltammetry,being up to 4 times higher than that of commercial Johnson Matthey Hispec 2000 Pt/XC-72R and 5 times better than Hispec 5000 PtRu/XC-72R catalysts.In a full air/hydrogen fuel cell,a membrane-electrode assembly prepared using our Pt/CNT and PtRu/CNT catalysts showed 50% and 100% higher performances than those prepared with commercial Johnson Matthey Pt/XC-72R and PtRu/XC-72R catalysts for the same Pt loading and operating conditions. | WANG KateNing Viola BIRSS | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，1： | 5 |
| 20 | 铂和HF掺杂的H-ZSM-5分子筛催化甲苯与甲醇烷基化反应(英文)显示文摘Toluene was alkylated with methanol in a flow type reactor at temperatures between 300 and 500 °C using H-ZSM-5 zeolite, 0.2%Pt/H-ZSM-5 and hydrofluorinated 0.2%Pt/H-ZSM-5 with HF concentrations of 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, or 4.0%. Pt primarily enhances toluene conversion, total xylenes production, and p-xylene relative to its thermodynamic equilibrium. As the concentration of HF increases from 1.0% to 3.0%, the catalyst activity increases because of the increase in the number of acid sites and their strength. Additionally, the surface area and Pt dispersion also increases. An advantage of increased HF doping is that the formation of voluminous trimethylbenzene (TMB) byproducts is inhibited. However, at a HF concentration of 4.0%, Al and Si are partially leached and then deposited mostly in the wider catalytic pores. This was determined by evaluating the pore volume distribution and we determined that reactivity inhibition was ob-viously present and was due to diffusion restriction. | Ahmed K. ABOUL-GHEIT Ateyya A. ABOUL-ENEIN Ahmed E. AWADALLAH Salwa A. GHONEIM Eman A. EMAM | 2010 | 催化学报2010，31，10： | 4 |
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