Rapid improvement of PM2.5 pollution and associated health benefits in China during 2013–2017

查看全文 作　　者：Tao [1,2]XUE;Jun [1]LIU;Qiang [1]ZHANG;Guannan [1]GENG;Yixuan [1]ZHENG;Dan [1]TONG;Zhu [1]LIU;Dabo [1]GUAN;Yu [3]BO;Tong [2]ZHU;Kebin [4]HE;Jiming [4]HAO

机构地区：[1]Department of Earth System Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;[2]College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;[3]Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;[4]State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China

出　　处：《Science China Earth Sciences》索引2019年第62卷第12期,共10页

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41571130032, 41571130035, 41625020 & 41701591);the National Key R & D Program (Grant No. 2016YFC0201506) 摘　　要：Exposure to fine particulate matter(PM2.5)is known to harm public health.In China,after implementation of aggressive emissions control measures under the Action Plan of Air Pollution Prevention and Control(2013-2017),air quality has significantly improved.In this work,we investigated changes in PM2.5 exposure and the associated health impacts in China for the period 2013-2017.We used an optimal estimator of PM2.5 combining in-situ observations,satellite measurements,and simulations from a chemical transport model to derive the spatial and temporal variations in PM2.5 exposure,and then used welldeveloped exposure-response functions to estimate the premature deaths attributable to PM2.5 exposure.We found that national population-weighed annual mean PM2.5 concentrations decreased from 67.4μgm-3 in 2013 to 45.5μgm-3 in 2017(32%reduction).This rapid decrease in PM2.5 pollution led to a 14%reduction in premature deaths due to long-term exposure.We estimated that,during 2013-2017,the premature deaths attributable to long-term PM2.5 exposure decreased from 1.2 million(95%CI:1.0,1.3;fraction of total mortality:13%)in 2013 to 1.0 million(95%CI:0.9,1.2;10%)in 2017.Despite the rapid decrease in annual mean PM2.5 concentrations,health benefits associated with reduced long-term exposure were limited,because for many cities,the PM2.5 levels remain at the portion where the exposure-response function is less steeper than that at the lowconcentration end.We also found that the deaths associated with acute exposure decreased by 61%during 2013-2017 due to rapid reduction in the number of heavily polluted days.Our results confirm that clean air policies in China have mitigated the air pollution crisis;however,continuous emissions reduction efforts are required to protect citizens from air pollution. 关键词：AIR quality IMPROVEMENT Health impact assessment Action PLAN of AIR POLLUTION prevention and control PM2.5 MORTALITY

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Rapid improvement of PM2.5 pollution and associated health benefits in China during 2013–2017

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