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| 1 | 金芪降糖片对糖尿病引发的认知功能障碍的影响及机制显示文摘目的:探讨金芪降糖片对糖尿病引发的认知功能障碍的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法:选用C57BL/6J小鼠,采用ip链脲佐菌素(STZ,120 mg·kg-1)复合高脂饮食的方法诱导复制2型糖尿病模型。利用Morris水迷宫试验筛选出存在糖尿病认知功能障碍的小鼠,并随机将其分为4组,每组14只,分别为模型组,阳性药组(盐酸二甲双胍0.45 g·kg-1),金芪降糖片高(2倍临床等效剂量1.31 g·kg-1)及低(临床等效剂量0.655 g·kg-1)剂量组。正常组和模型组均给予等量蒸馏水,连续ig给药10周。在给药前及给药10周后,各测一次小鼠的空腹血糖(FBG)和体重。10周后,Morris水迷宫实验检测小鼠学习忆能力;尼式染色观察海马CA1区形态学变化;酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测小鼠血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)法检测小鼠海马组织突触素(SYN)mRNA表达水平。结果:与正常组比较,模型组糖尿病小鼠FBG明显升高,记忆能力下降,海马神经损伤明显,血清BDNF水平明显降低,海马SYN mRNA表达水平明显降低,体重明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);与模型组比较,金芪降糖片高剂量组可降低糖尿病小鼠FBG,改善学习记忆能力,改善海马神经损伤状况,显著升高血清BDNF水平,显著增加海马SYN mRNA表达水平,各治疗组小鼠体重较稳定,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:金芪降糖片可以改善糖尿病小鼠的学习记忆能力,可能是通过上调BDNF含量对海马神经细胞保护及营养修复,并促进海马SYN mRNA表达上调调节海马神经突触可塑性实现的。 | 杨丽 徐利满 朱晓丹 刘红玥 靳学海 宋丽丽 Alemu Paulos N 庄朋伟 张艳军 | 2017 | 中国实验方剂学杂志2017，23，1： | 11 |
| 2 | Application of resistant starch in swine and poultry diets with particular reference to gut health and function显示文摘The immediate post-weaning period poses a major challenge on the survival of piglets. Similarly, newly hatched chicks face life threatening challenges due to enteric infections. In the past several years, in-feed antibiotics have been used to reduce these production problems and improve growth. However, in-feed antibiotics have been banned in many jurisdictions and therefore the most effective alternatives to infeed antibiotics must be developed. To date, several studies have been conducted to develop alternatives to antibiotics. One of the potential candidates as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics is resistant starch(RS). Resistance starch is a type of starch that resists enzymatic digestion in the upper parts of the gastrointestinal tract and therefore passes to hindgut where it can be fermented by resident microorganisms. Microbial fermentation of RS in the hindgut results in the production of short chain fatty acids(SCFA). Production of SCFA in turn results in growth and proliferation of colonic and cecal cells, increased expression of genes involved in gut development, and creation of an acidic environment. The acidic environment suppresses the growth of pathogenic microorganisms while selectively promoting the growth of beneficial microbes. Thus, RS has the potential to improve gut health and function by modifying and stabilising gut microbial community and by improving the immunological status of the host. In this review, we discussed the roles of RS in modifying and stabilising gut microbiota, gut health and function, carcass quality, and energy metabolism and growth performance in pigs and poultry. | Alemu Regassa Charles M.Nyachoti | 2018 | Animal Nutrition2018，，3： | 10 |
| 3 | Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013显示文摘 | Marie Ng Tom Fleming Margaret Robinson Blake Thomson Nicholas Graetz Christopher Margono Erin C Mullany Stan Biryukov Cristiana Abbafati Semaw Ferede Abera Jerry P Abraham Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh Tom Achoki Fadia S AlBuhairan Zewdie A Alemu Rafael Alfonso | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，： | 7 |
| 4 | The incidence of oxygen desaturation during rapid sequence induction and intubation显示文摘BACKGROUND: Rapid sequence induction and intubation(RSII) is an emergency airway management technique for patients with a risk of pulmonary aspiration. It involves preoxygenation, administration of predetermined doses of induction and paralytic drugs, avoidance of mask ventilation, and laryngoscopy followed by tracheal intubation and keeping cricoid pressure applied till endotracheal tube cuff be inflated. Oxygen desaturation has been seen during RSII. We assessed the incidence of oxygen desaturation during RSII.METHODS: An institution-based observational study was conducted from March 3 to May 4, 2014 in our hospital. All patients who were operated upon under general anesthesia with RSII during the study period were included. A checklist was prepared for data collection.RESULTS: A total of 153 patients were included in this study with a response rate of 91.6%. Appropriate drugs for RSII, equipments for RSII, equipments for diffi cult intubation, suction machine with a catheter, a monitor and an oxygen backup such as ambu bag were not prepared for 41(26.8%), 50(32.7%), 51(33.3%), 38(24.8%) and 25(16.3%) patients respectively. Cricoid pressure was not applied at all for 17(11.1%) patients and 53(34.6%) patients were ventilated after induction of anesthesia but before intubation and endotracheal cuff inflation. A total of 55(35.9%) patients desaturated during RSII(SPO2<95%). The minimum, maximum and mean oxygen desaturations were 26%, 94% and 70.9% respectively. The oxygen desaturation was in the range of <50%, 50%–64%, 65%–74%, 75%–84%, 85%–89 % and 90%–94% for 6(3.9%), 7(4.6%), 5(3.3%), 10(6.5%), 13(8.5%) and 14(9.2%) patients respectively.CONCLUSION: The incidence of oxygen desaturation during RSII was high in our hospital. Preoperative patient optimization and training about the techniques of RSII should be emphasized. | Endale Gebreegziabher Gebremedhn Desta Mesele Derso Aemero Ehtemariam Alemu | 2014 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2014，5，4： | 5 |
| 5 | Opportunistic and other intestinal parasites among HIV/AIDS patients attending Gambi higher clinic in Bahir Dar city,North West Ethiopia显示文摘Objective:To determine the magnitude of opportunistic and non-opportunistic intestinal parasitic infections among HTV/AIDS patients in Bahir Dar.Methods:Cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV/ AIDS patients attending Gambi higher clinic from Aprill- May 30,2009. Convenient sampling technique was employed to identify the study subjects and hence a total of 248 subjects were included.A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data of patients.Stool samples were examined by direct saline,iodine wet mount, formol-ether sedimentation concentration and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. Results:Out of 248 enrolled in the study,171(69.0%)(90 males and 81 females) were infected with one or more intestinal parasites.The highest rate of intestinal parasites were observed among HIV/AIDS patients(80.3%,151/188),and the infection rate of HIV negative individuals was 33.3%(20/60).Cryptosporidum parvum(43.6%),Isospora belli(15.5%) and Blastocystis hominis (10.5%) were opportunistic parasites that were found only in HIV/AIDS patients.Conclusions: Opportunistic parasite infections are common health problem among HIV/ AIDS patients in the study area.Therefore,early detection and treatment of these parasites are important to improve the quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients. | Abebe Alemu Yitayal Shiferaw Gebeyaw Getnet Aregaw Yalew Zelalem Addis | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，8： | 5 |
| 6 | 埃塞俄比亚安达萨河流域地表温度和归一化植被指数时空变化分析(英文)显示文摘本文分析了植被动态与地表温度等气候参数之间的关系,对环境和生态研究以及自然资源监测至关重要。本文首先利用Landsat数据探讨了1986年至2016年期间安达萨河流域地表温度(LST)和归一化植被指数(NDVI)的时空分布以及它们之间的关系,三个气象站点的月平均气温数据用于验证结果。该研究的结果表明,Andassa流域的LST在研究期间有所增加。总体而言,平均LST一直在上升,年增长率为0.081℃yr^(-1)。该研究结果还表明,所有季节的流域植被覆盖都发生了变化。在所有研究年份中,LST和NDVI之间存在负相关;从1986年到2016年,研究区植被具有退化趋势,地表温度有所升高。 | Melkamu Meseret Alemu | 2019 | Journal of Resources and Ecology2019，10，1： | 4 |
| 7 | Determinants of neonatal jaundice in Ethiopia:a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Background Neonatal jaundice is a common condition characterized by a yellowish discoloration of the skin,conjunctiva,and sclera caused by elevated serum or plasma bilirubin levels during the newborn period.The condition is usually not dangerous,but it can progress to severe hyperbilirubinemia,which can lead to acute bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus,a bilirubin-induced neurological damage.Therefore,this study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of neonatal jaundice and its determinants in Ethiopia.Methods Scopus,PubMed,Google Scholar,Embase,and CINAHL databases were searched for studies published between January 1,2010 and July 30,2021.A weighted DerSimonian Laird random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of neonatal jaundice and its associated factors.The I2 was used to calculate the degree of heterogeneity.The funnel plot and Egger's regression test were used to assess publication bias.Results Totally 697 articles were generated from various databases,and the review included a total of eight articles.The pooled prevalence of neonatal jaundice was 30.96%[95%confidence interval(CI)16.61%–45.31%)]in Ethiopia.This review showed that prolonged labor[adjusted odd ratio(AOR)=3.39;95%CI 2.41–4.77),low birth weight(AOR=5.12;95%CI 3.11–8.72),birth asphyxia(AOR=3.75;95%CI 2.11–6.66),cephalohematoma(AOR=7.07;95%CI 2.72–18.38),ABO incompatibility(AOR=6.05;95%CI 2.95–12.42),Rhesus(RH)incompatibility(AOR=3.77;95%CI 2.04–6.96),male sex(AOR=4.53;95%CI 3.39–6.07),and neonatal sepsis(AOR=2.47;95%CI 1.49–4.08)were identified as a determining factor for neonatal jaundice in Ethiopia.Conclusions In low-and middle-income countries,neonatal jaundice is a significant healthcare burden,accounting for a significant portion of global childhood mortality and morbidity.However,some low-cost,effective,practical,and dependable solutions have been implemented.Prolonged labor,ABO incompatibility,RH incompatibility,birth asphyxia,neonatal sepsis,low birth weight,cephalohematoma,and male sex were identified as risk factors for neonatal jaundice in Ethiopia. | Habtamu Gebrehana Belay Getachew Arage Debebe Alemu Degu Ayele Bekalu Getnet Kassa Gedefaye Nibret Mihretie Mulugeta Dile Worke | 2022 | World Journal of Pediatrics2022，18，11： | 3 |
| 8 | Identification of system vulnerabilities in the Ethiopian electric power system显示文摘The Ethiopian Electric Power(EEP) has been operating and managing the national interconnected power system with dispersed and geographically isolated generators, a complex transmission system and loads. In recent years, with an increasing load demand due to rural electrification and industrialization, the Ethiopian power system has faced more frequent, widely spread and long lasting blackouts. To slash the occurrence of such incidents, identifying the system vulnerabilities is the first step in this direction. In this paper, the vulnerability assessment is performed using indices called active power performance index(PIp) and voltage performance index(PIv). These indices provide a direct means of comparing the relative severity of the different line outages on the system loads and voltage profiles. Accordingly, it is found that the most severe line outages are those lines that interconnect the high load centered(Addis Ababa and Central regions) with the rest of the regional power systems. In addition, the most vulnerable buses of the network in respect of voltage limit violations are mainly found at the high load centers. | Moges Alemu Tikuneh Getachew Biru Worku | 2018 | Global Energy Interconnection2018，1，3： | 2 |
| 9 | Species-specific allometric equations for improving aboveground biomass estimates of dry deciduous woodland ecosystems显示文摘Allometric equations are important for quantifying biomass and carbon storage in terrestrial forest ecosystems.However,equations for dry deciduous woodland ecosystems,an important carbon sink in the lowland areas of Ethiopia have not as yet been developed.This study attempts to develop and evaluate species-specific allometric equations for predicting aboveground biomass(AGB)of dominant woody species based on data from destructive sampling for Combretum collinum,Combretum molle,Combretum harotomannianum,Terminalia laxiflora and mixed-species.Diameter at breast height ranged from 5 to 30 cm.Two empirical equations were developed using DBH(Eq.1)and height(Eq.2).Equation 2 gave better AGB estimations than Eq.1.The inclusion of both DBH and H were the best estimate biometric variables for AGB.Further,the equations were evaluated and compared with common generic allometric equations.The result showed that our allometric equations are appropriate for estimating AGB.The development and application of empirical species-specific allometric equations is crucial to improve biomass and carbon stock estimation for dry woodland ecosystems. | Amsalu Abich Tadesse Mucheye Mequanent Tebikew Yohanns Gebremariam Asmamaw Alemu | 2019 | Journal of Forestry Research2019，30，5： | 2 |
| 10 | Genome-wide association mapping for grain shape and color traits in Ethiopian durum wheat(Triticum turgidum ssp.durum)显示文摘Grain shape and color strongly influence yield and quality of durumwheat.Identifying QTL for these traits is essential for transferring favorable alleles based on selection strategies and breeding objectives.In the present study,192 Ethiopian durum wheat accessions comprising 167 landraces and 25 cultivars were genotyped with a high-density Illumina iSelect 90K singlenucleotide polymorphism(SNP)wheat array to conduct a genome-wide association analysis for grain width(GW),grain length(GL),CIE(Commission Internationale l'Eclairage)L*(brightness),CIE a*(redness),and CIE b*(yellowness)traits.The accessions were planted at Sinana Agricultural Research Center,Ethiopia in the 2015/2016 cropping season in a complete randomized block design with three replications.Twenty homogeneous and healthy seeds per replicate were used for trait measurement.Digital image analysis of seeds with GrainScan software package was used to generate the phenotypic data.Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences between accessions for all traits.Atotal of 46 quantitative trait loci(QTL)were identified for all traits across all chromosomes.One novelmajor candidate QTL(−lg P≥4)with pleiotropic effects for grain CIE L*(brightness)and CIE a*(redness)was identified on the long armof chromosome 2A.Eighteen nominal QTL(−lg P≥3)and 26 suggestive QTL(−lg P≥2.5)were identified.Pleiotropic QTL influencing both grain shape and color were identified. | Admas Alemu Tileye Feyissa Roberto Tuberosa Marco Maccaferri Giuseppe Sciara Tesfaye Letta Bekele Abeyo | 2020 | The Crop Journal2020，8，5： | 2 |
| 11 | Effect of different levels of cactus (Opuntiacus-indica) inclusion on feed intake, digestibility and body weight gain in tel (Eragrostis re f) straw-based feeding of sheep 显示文摘 | Tikabo G Solomon M Alemu Y | 2006 | Animal Feed Science and Technology2006，131，： | 1 |
| 12 | Determinants of survival in adult HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in Oromiyaa,Ethiopia显示文摘 | Alemu AW Sebastián MS | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Impacts of Land Certification on Tenure Security, Investment, and Land Mar- ket Participation: Evidence from Ethiopia显示文摘 | DEININGER K ALI D A and ALEMU T | 2011 | Land Economics2011，87，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Seroprevalence of ovine brucel- losis in south Wollo, north eastern Ethiopia 显示文摘 | Yesuf M Alemu S Temesgen W | 2011 | East Afr J Public Health2011，8，： | 1 |
| 15 | Child health in arid areas of Ethiopia: longitudinal study of the morbidity infectious diseases 显示文摘 | Lindtjcm B Alemu T Bjorvatn B | 1992 | Scand J Infect Dis1992，24，： | 1 |
| 16 | Livestock Feed Marketing in Ethiopia: Challenges and Opportunities for Livestock Development显示文摘 | Mesfin Dejene Seyoum Bediye Dawit Alemu Getu Kitaw Aemiro Kehaliw Getnet Assefa Getaw Tadesse | 2014 | Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)2014，4，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Relation of nausea and vomiting in acute myocardial infarction to location of the infarct显示文摘 | Fuller EE Alemu R Harper JF | 2009 | Am J Cardiol2009，104，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Synthesis, eharaeterizafion and conductivity measurements of polyaniline and pnlyani- line/fly-ash composites 显示文摘 | Narayan H Alemu H Iwuoha E | 2006 | Physica Status Solidi(a)2006，203，15： | 1 |
| 19 | Caprock interaction with CO2:A laboratory study of reactivity of shale with supercritical CO2 and brine显示文摘 | ALEMU B L AAGAARD P MUNZ I | 2011 | Applied Geochemistry2011，26，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with depres- sion among type 2 diabetic outpatients in Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional Study显示文摘 | Habtewold TD Alemu SM Haile YG | 2016 | BMC Psychiatry2016，16，1： | 1 |
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