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| 1 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Sedation-risk-free colonoscopy for minimizing the burden of colorectal cancer screening显示文摘Unsedated colonoscopy is available worldwide,but is not a routine option in the United States(US).We conducted a literature review supplemented by our experience and expert commentaries to provide data to support the use of unsedated colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening.Medline data from 1966 to 2009 were searched to identify relevant articles on the subject.Data were summarized and co-authors provided critiques as well as accounts of unsedated colonoscopy for screening and surveillance.Diagnostic colonoscopy was initially dev eloped as an unsedated procedure.Procedure-re lated discomfort led to wide adoption of sedation in the US,although unsedated colonoscopy remains the usual practice elsewhere.The increased use of colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening in healthy,asymptomatic individuals suggests a reass-essment of the burden of sedation in colonoscopy for screening is appropriate in the US for lowering costs and minimizing complications for patients.A water method developed to minimize discomfort has shown promise to enhance outcomes of unsedated colonoscopy.The use of scheduled,unsedated colono scopy in the US appears to be feasible for colorectal cancer screening.Studies to assess its applicability in diverse practice settings deserve to be conducted and supported. | Felix W Leung Abdulrahman M Aljebreen Emilio Brocchi Eugene B Chang Wei-Chih Liao Takeshi Mizukami Melvin Schapiro Konstantinos Triantafyllou | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2010，2，3： | 3 |
| 3 | Chemokine receptors CCR6 and CXCR3 are necessary for CD4 + T cell mediated ocular surface disease in experimen- tal dry eye disease显示文摘 | TERRY G NIRAL B EUGENE A STEPHEN C CINTIA S | 2013 | PLoS One2013，8，78： | 1 |
| 4 | Tissue engineering with chondrogenically differentiated human embryonic stem cells显示文摘 | Eugene J Koaya B Gwen M B | 2007 | Stem Cells2007，，25： | 1 |
| 5 | ACC/AHA 2002 guidline update for the management of patients with unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction 显示文摘 | Eugene B Raymond J Elliott M | 2002 | J Am Coll Cardiol2002，40，7： | 1 |
| 6 | Search for Patterns in Compressed Time Series显示文摘 | Pratt K B Eugene F | 2002 | International Journal of Image and Graphics2002，2，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Continuum description of a contact infection spread in a SIR model显示文摘 | Eugene B Postnikov Igor M Sokolov | 2007 | Mathematical Biosciences2007，208，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Electrophoretic analysis of plasminogen acticators in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate and copolymerized substrates显示文摘 | Christa H Eugene B D | 1980 | Analytical Biochemistry1980，102，： | 1 |
| 9 | Sample representativeness :A must for reliable regional lake condition estimates 显示文摘 | Spencer A P and Eugene B W | 1999 | Environmental Science and Technology1999，33，10： | 1 |
| 10 | Fauh Diagnostics Using Statistical Change Detection in the Bi-spectral Domain显示文摘 | Parker Jr B Eugene Ware H A Wipf D P | 2000 | Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing2000，14，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Liposomal prostaglandin E1 in acute respiratory distress syndrome: A controlled, randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial显示文摘 | Edward A Robert B Eugene F | 1999 | Crit Care Med1999，27，8： | 1 |
| 12 | ACC/AHA 2002 guidline up date for the management of patients with unstable angina and non-ST- segment elevation myocardial infarction 显示文摘 | Eugene B Raymond J Elliott M el al | 2002 | J Am Coll Cardiol2002，40，7： | 1 |
| 13 | The Prevalence of Depression in a Cohort of the very Dlderly显示文摘 | Deborah M G Claire B Eugene S P | 1995 | Journal of Affective Disorders1995，34，： | 1 |
| 14 | Useful of impaired chrotonotropic response to exercise as a predictor of mortality,independent of the severity of coronary artery disease显示文摘 | JHOMAS J D EUGENE H B FREDIC J P | 2000 | Am J Cardiol2000，86，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Hyperglycemia and acute coronary syndrome: A scientific statement from the Ameri- can heart association diabetes committee of the council on nutri- tion, physical activity, and metabolism 显示文摘 | Prakash D Mikhail K Eugene B | 2008 | Circulation2008，1，17： | 1 |
| 16 | Tacrolimus for the treatment of fistulas in patients with crohn’s disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | William J Sandborn Daniel H Present Kim L Isaacs Douglas C Wolf Eugene Greenberg Stephen B Hanauer Brian G Feagan Lloyd Mayer Therese Johnson Joseph Galanko Christopher Martin Robert S Sandler | 2003 | Gastroenterology2003，，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Lipid profiling identifies a triacylglycerol signature of insulin resistance and improves diabetes prediction in humans显示文摘 | Rhee Eugene P Cheng Susan Larson Martin G Walford Geoffrey A Lewis Gregory D McCabe Elizabeth Yang Elaine Farrell Laurie Fox Caroline S O’Donnell Christopher J Carr Steven A Vasan Ramachandran S Florez Jose C Clish Clary B Wang Thomas J Ger | 2011 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2011，，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Complex ankle arthrodesis using the Ilizarov method yields high rate of fusion 显示文摘 | AUSTIN T F EUGENE B LINDSAY S | 2012 | Clin Orthop Relat Res2012，470，10： | 1 |
| 19 | Simultaneous determination of amoxicillin and ampicillin inbovine milk by HPLC with fluorescence detection 显示文摘 | Luo W H Eugene B H Jr Catharina Y W A | 1997 | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry1997，45，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Determinants of mortality and type of repair in neonates with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum显示文摘 | David A Ashburn Eugene H Blackstone Winfield J Wells Richard A Jonas Frank A Pigula Peter B Manning Gary K Lofland William G Williams Brian W McCrindle | 2004 | The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery2004，，4： | 1 |
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