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| 1 | Modelling and simulation of flight control electromechanical actuators with special focus on model architecting, multidisciplinary effects and power flows显示文摘In the aerospace field, electromechanical actuators are increasingly being implemented in place of conventional hydraulic actuators. For safety-critical embedded actuation applications like flight controls, the use of electromechanical actuators introduces specific issues related to thermal balance, reflected inertia, parasitic motion due to compliance and response to failure. Unfortunately, the physical effects governing the actuator behaviour are multidisciplinary, coupled and nonlinear. Although numerous multi-domain and system-level simulation packages are now available on the market, these effects are rarely addressed as a whole because of a lack of scientific approaches for model architecting, multi-purpose incremental modelling and judicious model implementation. In this publication, virtual prototyping of electromechanical actuators is addressed using the Bond-Graph formalism. New approaches are proposed to enable incremental modelling,thermal balance analysis, response to free-run or jamming faults, impact of compliance on parasitic motion, and influence of temperature. A special focus is placed on friction and compliance of the mechanical transmission with fault injection and temperature dependence. Aileron actuation is used to highlight the proposals for control design, energy consumption and thermal analysis, power network pollution analysis and fault response. | Fu Jian Jean-Charles Maré Fu Yongling | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2017，30，1： | 11 |
| 2 | Design and performance analysis of position-based impedance control for an electrohydrostatic actuation system显示文摘Electrohydrostatic actuator(EHA) is a type of power-by-wire actuator that is widely implemented in the aerospace industry for flight control, landing gears, thrust reversers, thrust vector control, and space robots. This paper presents the development and evaluation of positionbased impedance control(PBIC) for an EHA. Impedance control provides the actuator with compliance and facilitates the interaction with the environment. Most impedance control applications utilize electrical or valve-controlled hydraulic actuators, whereas this work realizes impedance control via a compact and efficient EHA. The structures of the EHA and PBIC are firstly introduced. A mathematical model of the actuation system is established, and values of its coefficients are identified by particle swarm optimization. This model facilitates the development of a position controller and the selection of target impedance parameters. A nonlinear proportional-integral position controller is developed for the EHA to achieve the accurate positioning requirement of PBIC. The controller compensates for the adverse effect of stiction, and a position accuracy of 0.08 mm is attained.Various experimental results are presented to verify the applicability of PBIC to the EHA. The compliance of the actuator is demonstrated in an impact test. | Yongling FU Xu HAN Nariman SEPEHRI Guozhe ZHOU Jian FU Liming YU Rongrong YANG | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，3： | 10 |
| 3 | Architecture Optimization of More Electric Aircraft Actuation System显示文摘在飞机的力量来源和致动器的可选的类型由于在更电的技术的快开发是越来越多样的,它做不同力量来源的联合,致动器在在空中的使活动系统的体系结构优化进程变得极其复杂。传统的尝试方法不能满足设计要求。第一,在这糊更多的电的飞机(MEA ) 的作文飞行控制使活动系统(FCAS ) 被介绍,并且可能的建筑学数量是计算的。第二,关于安全可靠性,重量和效率的 FCAS 建筑学的评估标准被建议,并且评估标准值在每控制表面采用的情况中是计算的一样的致动器配置。最后, MEA FCAS 建筑学的优化结果被使用基因算法(GA ) 获得。比作传统的使活动系统建筑学,它仅仅采用伺服阀门控制了水力的致动器,优化更电的使活动系统建筑学的重量能被 6% 减少,并且效率能被 30% 基于安全可靠性要求改进。 | QI Haitao FU Yongling QI Xiaoye LANG Yan | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2011，24，4： | 9 |
| 4 | Multi-level virtual prototyping of electromechanical actuation system for more electric aircraft显示文摘Electromechanical actuators(EMAs) are becoming increasingly attractive in the field of more electric aircraft because of their outstanding benefits, which include reduced fuel burn and maintenance cost, enhanced system flexibility, and improved management of fault detection and isolation. However, electromechanical actuation raises specific issues when being used for safetycritical aerospace applications like flight controls: huge reflected inertia to load, jamming-type failure, and increase of backlash with service due to wear and local dissipation of heat losses for thermal balance. This study proposes an incremental approach for virtual prototyping of EMAs. It is driven by a model-based system engineering process in order to enable simulation-aided design.Best practices supported by Bond graph formalism are suggested to develop a model's structure efficiently and to make the model ready for use(or extension) by addressing the above mentioned issues. Physical effects are progressively introduced, and the realism of lumped-parameter models is increased step-by-step. In particular, multi-level component models are architected to ensure continuity between engineering activities. The models are implemented in the AMESim simulation environment, and simulation responses are given to illustrate how they can be used for preliminary sizing, control design, thermal balance verification, and faults to failure analysis. The proposed best practices intend to provide engineers with fast, reusable, and efficient means to assess performance virtually and enhance maturity, performance, and robustness. | Jian FU Jean-Charles MARE Liming YU Yongling FU | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，5： | 9 |
| 5 | Review of cylinder block/valve plate interface in axial piston pumps: Theoretical models,experimental investigations, and optimal design显示文摘Axial piston pumps have been widely used in aircraft hydraulic systems to supply the system with pressurized fluid. The continuous improvement of the aircraft performance has put forward the demand on aviation piston pumps for high power density, safety, and reliability. The lubricating interfaces in axial piston machines are the key design issue that greatly determines the pump performance and service life. The cylinder block/valve plate interface is one of these critical lubricating interfaces and has received considerable attention from many researchers in the last half century. This study aims to review the state-of-the-art literature on the cylinder block/valve plate interface comprehensively and systematically. First, we introduce various theoretical models developed to investigate the lubrication behaviors of the interface and compare them in terms of their assumptions and limitations. Second, the experimental studies on the cylinder block/valve plate interface are presented comprehensively, where the involved test rigs are divided into three types according to their fidelity levels and measurement functionality. Third, we summarize some typical approaches of structure optimization, surface shaping, and surface strengthening, which help improve the load-carrying and anti-wear capacities of the interface under severe operating conditions. Finally, the challenges and future trends of the cylinder block/valve plate interface research are discussed briefly. | Jiang'ao ZHAO Yongling FU Jiming MA Jian FU Qun CHAO Yan WANG | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2021，34，1： | 7 |
| 6 | Variants of Secondary Control with Power Recovery for Loading Hydraulic Driving Device显示文摘Current high power load simulators are generally incapable of obtaining both high loading performance and high energy efficiency. Simulators with high energy efficiency are used to simulate static-state load, and those with high dynamic performance typically have low energy efficiency. In this paper, the variants of secondary control(VSC) with power recovery are developed to solve this problem for loading hydraulic driving devices that operate under variable pressure, unlike classical secondary control(CSC) that operates in constant pressure network. Hydrostatic secondary control units are used as the loading components, by which the absorbed mechanical power from the tested device is converted into hydraulic power and then fed back into the tested system through 4 types of feedback passages(FPs). The loading subsystem can operate in constant pressure network, controlled variable pressure network, or the same variable pressure network as that of the tested device by using different FPs. The 4 types of systems are defined, and their key techniques are analyzed, including work principle, simulating the work state of original tested device, static operation points, loading performance, energy efficiency, and control strategy, etc. The important technical merits of the 4 schemes are compared, and 3 of the schemes are selected, designed, simulated using AMESim and evaluated. The researching results show that the investigated systems can simulate the given loads effectively, realize the work conditions of the tested device, and furthermore attain a high power recovery efficiency that ranges from 0.54 to 0.85, even though the 3 schemes have different loading performances and energy efficiencies. This paper proposes several loading schemes that can achieve both high dynamic performance and high power recovery efficiency. | LI Wanguo FU Yongling CHEN Juan QI Xiaoye | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2015，28，3： | 4 |
| 7 | Digital fixed-frequency hysteresis current control of a BLDC motor applied for aerospace electrically powered actuators显示文摘In the conventional cascade control structure of aerospace electrically powered actuators, the current(or electromagnetic torque) loop plays a critical role in realizing a rapid response for a digitally controlled Brush Less Direct Current(BLDC) motor. Hysteresis Current Control(HCC) is an effective method in improving the performance of current control for a BLDC motor.Nevertheless, the varying modulating frequency in the traditional HCC causes severe problems on the safety of power devices and the electromagnetic compatibility design. A triangular carrier-based fixed-frequency HCC strategy is expanded by relaxing the constraints on the rising and descending rates of the winding current to advance the capability of HCC to realize fixed-frequency modulation in the steady state. Based on that, a new flexible-bound-size quasi-fixed-frequency HCC is proposed, and the range feasible to realize fixed-frequency modulation control can cover the entire running process in the steady state. Meanwhile, a corresponding digital control strategy is designed,and four digitalization rules are proposed to extend the capacity to achieve fixed-frequency modulation control to the unsteady working state, that is, a novel fixed-frequency modulation is realized.Simulation and experimental results prove the effectiveness of this improved fixed-frequency HCC strategy. | Jian FU Yongling FU Liming YU Jianwen GUO Rongrong YANG Mingkang WANG | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，6： | 3 |
| 8 | Performance optimization of grooved slippers for aero hydraulic pumps显示文摘A computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulation method based on 3-D Navier–Stokes equation and Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian(ALE) method is presented to analyze the grooved slipper performance of piston pump.The moving domain of grooved slipper is transformed into a fixed reference domain by the ALE method,which makes it convenient to take the effects of rotate speed,body force,temperature,and oil viscosity into account.A geometric model to express the complex structure,which covers the orifice of piston and slipper,vented groove and the oil film,is constructed.Corresponding to different oil film thicknesses calculated in light of hydrostatic equilibrium theory and boundary conditions,a set of simulations is conducted in COMSOL to analyze the pump characteristics and effects of geometry(groove width and radius,orifice size) on these characteristics.Furthermore,the mechanics and hydraulics analyses are employed to validate the CFD model,and there is an excellent agreement between simulation and analytical results.The simulation results show that the sealing land radius,orifice size and groove width all dramatically affect the slipper behavior,and an optimum tradeoff among these factors is conducive to optimizing the pump design. | Chen Juan Ma Jiming Li Jia Fu Yongling | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2016，29，3： | 3 |
| 9 | Mechanical and hydraulic joint modeling and simulation about elec-pump显示文摘 | Fu Yongling Li Zhufeng Zhang Peng | 2013 | Advanced Materials Research2013，694，： | 1 |
| 10 | Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defect by genome‐wide high‐resolution SNP array显示文摘 | Can Liao Ru Li Fang Fu Guie Xie Yongling Zhang Min Pan Jian Li Dongzhi Li | 2014 | Prenat Diagn2014，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Flow characteristics of integrated motor-pump assembly with phosphate ester medium for aerospace electro-hydrostatic actuators显示文摘Motor-pump assembly is the core component of the Aerospace Electro-hydrostatic Actuator(EHA).Thus,the design of the motor pump can be very challenging under conditions of high speed and wide pressure range,especially in particular working mediums.Our ultimate goal is to pursue better flow characteristics under a wide range of working conditions.In this paper,we built a sub-model of the main friction interfaces and a model of single-shaft coaxial motor-pump assembly adopting the method of hierarchical modeling.The experimental investigation of the output characteristics was mainly carried out in a phosphate ester medium environment.Then,the flow characteristics were compared and analyzed with the simulation results.Results indicated that the flow characteristics of the motor-pump assembly could be accurately simulated by the model and quite severe in a low speed and high-pressure environment. | Jiangao ZHAO Jian FU Yuchen LI Haitao QI Yan WANG Yongling FU | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2023，36，9： | 0 |
| 12 | Method for the extraction of circulating nucleic acids based on MOF reveals cell-free RNA signatures in liver cancer显示文摘Cell-free RNA(cf RNA) allows assessment of health, status, and phenotype of a variety of human organs and is a potential biomarker to non-invasively diagnose numerous diseases. Nevertheless, there is a lack of highly efficient and bias-free cf RNA isolation technologies due to the low abundance and instability of cf RNA.Here, we developed a reproducible and high-efficiency isolation technology for different types of cell-free nucleic acids(containing cf RNA and viral RNA) in serum/plasma based on the inclusion of nucleic acids by metal-organic framework(MOF) materials, which greatly improved the isolation efficiency and was able to preserve RNA integrity compared with the most widely used research kit method. Importantly, the quality of cf RNA extracted by the MOF method is about 10-fold that of the kit method, and the MOF method isolates more than three times as many different RNA types as the kit method. The whole transcriptome mapping characteristics of cf RNA in serum from patients with liver cancer was described and a cf RNA signature with six cf RNAs was identified to diagnose liver cancer with high diagnostic efficiency(area under curve = 0.905 in the independent validation cohort) using this MOF method. Thus, this new MOF isolation technique will advance the field of liquid biopsy, with the potential to diagnose liver cancer. | Yuqing Sun Haixin Yu Shaoqing Han Ruoxi Ran Ying Yang Yongling Tang Yuhao Wang Wenhao Zhang Heng Tang Boqiao Fu Boshi Fu Xiaocheng Weng Song-Mei Liu Hexiang Deng Shuang Peng Xiang Zhou | 2024 | National Science Review2024，11，1： | 0 |
| 13 | Investigations on MBSE modelling and dynamic performance assessment of an electrical trimmable horizontal stabilizer actuator显示文摘With the development of power-by-wire technology for more electric aircraft,the electromechanical actuator(EMA)has the advantages to replace the conventional hydraulic servo actuator in some aerospace flight controls.Conventional hydraulically powered trimmable horizontal stabilizer actuation(THSA)system is nowadays developed to be electrically supplied.Given their safety-criticality,no-back mechanism and redundant load paths are utilized to meet the flight control requirements.However,rare literatures have introduced these functions and addressed the virtual prototyping activities from system-level point of view.This paper proposed such a model of a THSA system with dual electric power sources and fault-tolerant mechanical load paths.The nonlinear effects of components are considered with realism,and system-level simulation test is conducted to support the model-based system engineering(MBSE)approach.The models are developed with a power view instead of a pure signal view.Focusing on the friction effect and compliance effect with backlash or preload,some improved and novel approaches are adopted for these crucial components and validated via experimental results.Meanwhile,the implemented systemlevel model enables injection of crucial faults.Finally,the simulation of the proposed model shows that it is an efficient resource to investigate the actuator’s dynamic performance,to virtually prove that the actuator meets the fail/safe constraint,and to demonstrate the soundness of the fault monitoring functions. | Wensen ZHANG Jian FU Jean-Charles MARÉ Haolin MA Tianxiang XIA Yongling FU Jiangao ZHAO | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2023，36，11： | 0 |
| 14 | New Measurement of Thick Target Yield for Narrow Resonance at E_x=9.17MeV in (13)~C(p,γ)(14)~N Reaction显示文摘(13)^C(p,γ)(14)^N reaction is useful to study the evolution of stars in astrophysics,as it is one of the important process in the CNO(carbon-nitrogen-oxygen)cycle of nucleosynthesis.When the proton beam is accelerated to 1.747MeV,a narrow resonance with the radiation of high energyγray(9.17 MeV)will occur.Since integrated cross section is large and uniqueness to nitrogen,the 9.17MeV radiation is useful to study photonuclear reaction and detect nitrogenous explo-sives. | DANG Yongle WANG Naiyan GUO Bing HE Chuangye LIU Fulong FU Guangyong WU Di HAN Zhiyu SHEN Yangping | 2018 | 中国原子能科学研究院年报2018，，1： | 0 |
| 15 | Experimental Study of (197)~Au(γ,n) Photonuclear Reaction显示文摘As a standard testing experiment for photonuclear reaction study,the cross section of(197)Z^Au(γ,n)reaction has been investigated by using different kinds of gamma source.Berman etc.used positron annihilation in flight gamma source to measure the cross section of 197 Au(γ,n).Furthermore,the cross section of 197 Au(γ,n)reaction measured by bremsstrahlung gamma source was done on the facility of ELBE.Recently,the cross section of 197 Au(γ,n)has been remeausred by using laser Compton backscattering gamma source on the ring at AIST Tsukuba.By comparing with these gamma sources,(p,γ)resonance gamma source is better on monchromaticity.So it’s necessary to measure the cross section of 197 Au(γ,n)again by using monoenergetic gamma source. | DANG Yongle WANG Naiyan GUO Bing HE Chuangye LIU Fulong FU Guangyong WU Di | 2018 | 中国原子能科学研究院年报2018，，1： | 0 |
| 16 | Prediction of column failure modes based on artificial neural network显示文摘To implement the performance-based seismic design of engineered structures,the failure modes of members must be classified.The classification method of column failure modes is analyzed using data from the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center(PEER).The main factors affecting failure modes of columns include the hoop ratios,longitudinal reinforcement ratios,ratios of transverse reinforcement spacing to section depth,aspect ratios,axial compression ratios,and flexure-shear ratios.This study proposes a data-driven prediction model based on an artificial neural network(ANN)to identify the column failure modes.In this study,111 groups of data are used,out of which 89 are used as training data and 22 are used as test data,and the ANN prediction model of failure modes is developed.The results show that the proposed method based on ANN is superior to traditional methods in identifying the column failure modes. | Wan Haitao Qi Yongle Zhao Tiejun Ren Wenjuan Fu Xiaoyan | 2023 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2023，22，2： | 0 |
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