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| 1 | Cadmium pollution enhanced ozone damage to winter wheat:biochemical and physiological evidences显示文摘Combined effects of ozone (O3) and cadmium (Cd) on growth and physiology of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.cv.JM22) were determined.Wheat plants were grown without or with Cd and exposed to charcoal-filtered air (< 10 ppb O3) or elevated O 3 (80 ± 5 ppb,7 hr/day) for 20 days.Results showed that O 3 considerably depressed light saturated net photosynthetic rate (-20%),stomatal conductance (-33%),chlorophyll content (-33%),and total biomass (-29%) without Cd.The corresponding decreases were further enhanced by 45%,56%,60% and 59%,respectively with Cd,indicating a synergistic effect of O3 and Cd on wheat.Ozone significantly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (46%),catalase (48%) and peroxidase (56%).However,great increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) content (2.55 folds) and intercellular CO2 concentration (1.13 folds) were noted in O3 +Cd treatment compared to control.Our findings demonstrated that the increased anti-oxidative activities in wheat plants exposed to O3 +Cd might not be enough to overcome the adverse effects of the combination of both pollutants as evidenced by further increase in MDA content,which is an important indicator of lipid peroxidation.Precise prediction model on O3 damages to crop should be conducted to ensure agricultural production security by considering environmental constraints in an agricultural system in peri-urban regions. | Yong Li Caihong Li Yanhai Zheng Guanglei Wu Tana Wuyun Hong Xu Xinhua He Gaoming Jiang | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，2： | 7 |
| 2 | Influence of microwave treatment on mechanical behaviour of compact basalts under different confining pressures显示文摘The realisation of microwave-induced fracturing of hard rocks has potential signiflcance for microwave-assisted mechanical rock fracturing and stress release in deep rock masses.In this context,compact basalts were treated by microwave heating in a multi-mode cavity at a frequency of 2450 MHz,and then,we investigated the mechanical behaviour of basalt samples after microwave treatment under uniaxial compression and conventional triaxial compression(CTC)tests.After microwave exposure,cracks appeared on the surface and inside of the rock sample,and the temperature of the sample's surface was unevenly distributed.The results show that the conventional triaxial compressive strength(CTCS)of basalt samples decreased linearly with microwave exposure time,and the higher the confining pressure,the smaller the reduction in the strength of basalt samples after microwave treatment.Under uniaxial compression,microwave exposure greatly affected the axial deformation,suggesting that deformation resistance of the samples gradually decreases with increasing microwave exposure time.Under triaxial compression,some microcracks induced by microwave exposure closed due to the effect of confining pressure,resulting in the confining pressure inhibiting any rightward shift of the axial deformation curve.Furthermore,under uniaxial compression,the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of basalts also decreased in a quasi-linear manner with elapsed microwave exposure time.Under triaxial compression,microwave exposure has slight influence on elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio.After microwave treatment,the changes in rock strength and deformation mainly result from changes in between the mineral structures.Confining pressure results in the closure of microcracks produced by microwave exposure,so that effects of microwave treatment on strength and deformation decrease,thus reducing the influence on elastic constants.The cohesion decreases with increasing microwave exposure time and shows an approximately linear decrease over time.In the basalt samples,new microcracks in various directions generated by microwave exposure can increase the discreteness of test results,while the discreteness of test results caused by microcracks gradually reduces with increasing confining pressure. | Gaoming Lu Xiating Feng Yuanhui Li Xiwei Zhang | 2020 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2020，12，2： | 7 |
| 3 | Dynamic analysis on pressure fluctuation in vaneless region of a pump turbine显示文摘As the pump turbine tends to be operated with high head and high rotational speed, the study of stability problems becomes more important. The pump turbine usually works at operating conditions where the guide vanes experience strong vibrations. However, most traditional studies were carried out based on constant GVO(guide vane opening) simulations. In this work, dynamic analysis on pressure fluctuation in the vaneless region of a pump turbine model was conducted using a dynamic mesh method in turbine mode. 3D unsteady simulations were conducted where GVO was closed and opened by 1° from the initial 18°. Detailed time domain and frequency domain characteristics on pressure fluctuation in the vaneless region under different guide vane rotational states compared with constant GVO simulations were investigated. Results show that, during the guide vanes oscillating process, the low and intermediate frequency components in the vaneless region are significantly different. The amplitudes of pressure fluctuation are higher than those with constant GVO simulations, which agree better with the experimental data. In addition, the pressure fluctuation increases when GVO is opened, and vice versa. It can be concluded that pressure fluctuation in the vaneless region is strongly influenced by the oscillating of the guide vanes. | LI DeYou GONG RuZhi WANG HongJie XIANG GaoMing WEI XianZhu LIU ZhanSheng | 2015 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2015，58，5： | 6 |
| 4 | Mitigating greenhouse gas of chemical fertilizer with farmland emissions through replacement organic manure in a temperate显示文摘燃烧秸秆和过量使用化肥导致大量生物质能源浪费,进而削弱了农业生态系统固碳能力.为了保证农田生态系统的固碳潜力和粮食产量,本研究组在中国东部温带农村设计了一个生态农场,将玉米秸秆粉碎后饲养肉牛,然后将牛粪腐熟后施入冬小麦-夏玉米轮作农田中.设计了4种不同的有机肥和无机肥配施比例:100%有机肥、100%化肥、75%有机肥+25%化肥以及50%有机肥+50%化肥.根据政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)2006年的方法,计算了温室气体排放量.结果表明,用有机肥替代化肥可显著减少温带农田温室气体排放量.与此同时,施用有机肥还增加了土壤肥力,进而提高了小麦和玉米产量.有机肥全部替代化肥后,农田变为典型的碳库;而全部施用化肥,农田则为典型碳源.该研究可为提高农业生态系统应对气候变化提供科学依据. | Haitao Liu Jing Li Xiao Li Yanhai Zheng Sufei Feng Gaoming Jiang | 2015 | Science Bulletin2015，60，6： | 5 |
| 5 | Invasion Possibility and Potential Effects of Rhus typhina on Beijing Municipality显示文摘Rhus typhina,an alien species introduced from North America,was identified as a main afforestation species in Beijing municipality. However,its invasiveness is still at odds. To clarify this problem,we applied the North American Screening System and the Australian Screening System to preliminarily predict its invasion possibility. Both screening systems gave the same recommendation to 'reject'. The geographical distribution was surveyed,with the population features of R. typhina against the native plant communities being assessed. With anthropogenic assistance,R. typhina has been scattered on almost all habitats from downtown to mountains,including roadsides,farmlands and protected areas. As a clonal shrub,R. typhina possessed a high spreading rate,varying from 6.3m/3years at sterile habitats to 6.7m/3years at fertile ones. Significantly lower species richness,individual density and diversity were observed in the R. typhina community than those of the native Vitex negundo Linn.var. heterophylla (Franch.) Rehd. community at both sterile and fertile habitats. Continual wide plantation of R. typhina may further foster its population expansion,which helps the species to overcome spatial isolation. The fact that each root fragment can develop into a new individual makes R. typhina very difficult to be eradicated once established. From a biological point of view,we believe that R. typhina is a plant invader in Beijing. We therefore suggest the government should remove the name of R. typhina from the main tree species list in afforesting Beijing. | Guangmei Wang Gaoming Jiang Shunli Yu Yinghao Li Hui Liu | 2008 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2008，50，5： | 5 |
| 6 | Entropy Production Analysis for Hump Characteristics of a Pump Turbine Model显示文摘The hump characteristic is one of the main problems for the stable operation of pump turbines in pump mode.However,traditional methods cannot reflect directly the energy dissipation in the hump region.In this paper,3D simulations are carried out using the SST k-ω turbulence model in pump mode under different guide vane openings.The numerical results agree with the experimental data.The entropy production theory is introduced to determine the flow losses in the whole passage,based on the numerical simulation.The variation of entropy production under different guide vane openings is presented.The results show that entropy production appears to be a wave,with peaks under different guide vane openings,which correspond to wave troughs in the external characteristic curves.Entropy production mainly happens in the runner,guide vanes and stay vanes for a pump turbine in pump mode.Finally,entropy production rate distribution in the runner,guide vanes and stay vanes is analyzed for four points under the 18 mm guide vane opening in the hump region.The analysis indicates that the losses of the runner and guide vanes lead to hump characteristics.In addition,the losses mainly occur in the runner inlet near the band and on the suction surface of the blades.In the guide vanes and stay vanes,the losses come from pressure surface of the guide vanes and the wake effects of the vanes.A new insight-entropy production analysis is carried out in this paper in order to find the causes of hump characteristics in a pump turbine,and it could provide some basic theoretical guidance for the loss analysis of hydraulic machinery. | LI Deyou GONG Ruzhi WANG Hongjie XIANG Gaoming WEI Xianzhu QIN Daqing | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2016，29，4： | 4 |
| 7 | C:N:P stoichiometry of Ericaceae species in shrubland biomes across Southern China:influences of climate,soil and species identity显示文摘Aims Carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)stoichiometry strongly affect functions and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.However,the related researches in shrubs were very limited.In this study,we aimed to inves-tigate leaf stoichiometry and its driving factors in shrubs,and whether stoichiometry significantly differs among closely related species.Methods We analyzed leaf C,N and P concentrations and their ratios in 32 species of Ericaceae from 161 sites across southern China.We examined the relationships of leaf stoichiometry with environmen-tal variables using linear regressions,and quantified the interactive and independent effects of climate,soil and species on foliar stoi-chiometry using general linear models(GLM).Important Findings The foliar C,N and P contents of Ericaceae were 484.66,14.44 and 1.06 mg g−1,respectively.Leaf C,N and P concentrations and their ratios in Ericaceae were significantly related with latitude and altitude,except the N:P insignificantly correlated with latitude.Climate(mean annual temperature and precipitation)and soil properties(soil C,N and P and bulk density)were significantly influenced element stoichiom-etry.The GLM analysis showed that soil exerted a greater direct effect on leaf stoichiometry than climate did,and climate affected leaf traits mainly via indirect ways.Further,soil properties had stronger influ-ences on leaf P than on leaf C and N.Among all independent factors examined,we found species accounted for the largest proportion of the variation in foliar stoichiometry.These results suggest that species can largely influence foliar stoichiometry,even at a lower taxonomic level. | Qiang Zhang Qing Liu Huajun Yin Chunzhang Zhao Lin Zhang Guoying Zhou Chunying Yin Zhijun Lu Gaoming Xiong Yuelin Li Jiaxiang Li Wenting Xu Zhiyao Tang Zongqiang Xie | 2019 | Journal of Plant Ecology2019，12，2： | 4 |
| 8 | The geometric simulation and analysis of the blind growth fold in the overthrust belt of the southern section of the frontier Longmen Mt.during Late Triassic显示文摘The seismic profiles processed by high-resolution display that a blind growth fault-bend fold emerges in depth of seismic exploration area in Dayi in the southern section of the frontier Longmen Mt.This paper presents a detailed structural interpretation to seismic section,then describes the deformed geometry related to the pre-growth strata,the growth strata and the post-growth strata on both limbs of the fold.The computer geometric simulation,based on the model of fault-bend fold,is utilized to stimulate the geometry of the blind growth fold at different sedimentation rates in Dayi.These structural features are subsequently extracted and compared with the actual seismic reflection section.Our research suggests that a low angle overthrust formed during Late Triassic also appears in the southern section of the frontier Longmen Mt.The event of structure took place at the depositional stage of a portion of the middle and upper fourth member of Xujiahe Formation(T3x4),which corresponds to thrusting in the northern section of the frontier Longmen Mt.However,the thrusting displacement here is smaller than one of the northern section. | CHEN Wei YANG KeMing LI ShuBin JIAN GaoMing TANG Jin ZHAO Yiao SU Qian | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，8： | 3 |
| 9 | The effect of basal dislocation on {11■1} twin boundary evolution in a Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloy显示文摘This study aims to understand the features of{11■1}twin boundaries in a high strain rate compressed Mg-10 Gd-3Y-0.4Zr using electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Based on the Schmid factor calculations,the basal dislocations are easily activated within the{11■1}twin and suppressed in the surrounding matrix.The consequent basal dislocation-twin interaction during deformation can lead to the misorentiation deviation of{11■1}twin boundaries,accompanying with the formation of a step at the twin boundary.Such a{11■1}twin boundary evolution mechanism provides a new vision of twinning behavior in Mg alloys. | Huan Zhang Yangxin Li Yuxuan Liu Qingchun Zhu Xixi Qi Gaoming Zhu Jinhui Wang Peipeng Jin Xiaoqin Zeng | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，22： | 2 |
| 10 | Two-dimensional LDH nanodisks modified with hyaluronidase enable enhanced tumor penetration and augmented chemotherapy显示文摘The condensed tumor extracellular matrix(ECM)consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid(HA)is one of the key factors that result in the aberrant tumor microenvironment and severely impair drug delivery and tumor penetration.Herein,we report a simple design of a hyaluronidase(HAase)-modified layered double hydroxide(LDH)nanoplatform loaded with anticancer drug doxorubicin(DOX)for enhanced tumor penetration and augmented chemotherapy.In our approach,LDH nanodisks were synthesized via a co-precipitation method,modified with HAase by electrostatic attraction,and finally physically loaded with DOX.The formulated DOX/LDH-HAase complexes show a high DOX loading percentage of 34.2%with good colloidal stability,retain 86.1%of the enzyme activity,and release DOX in a pH-responsive manner having a faster release rate under slightly acidic tumor microenvironment than that under a physiological condition.With the catalytic activity of HAase to digest the HA nearby the cancer cells,the developed DOX/LDH-HAase complexes enable more significant uptake by cancer cells and penetration in 3-dimensional tumor spheroids than enzyme-free DOX/LDH complexes,thus displaying much better antitumor efficacy in vitro than the latter.The more significant tumor penetration and inhibition of the DOX/LDH-HAase complexes than that of the DOX/LDH complexes was further demonstrated by in vivo tumor imaging and therapeutic activity assessments.Our study suggests a unique nanomedicine platform combined with both anticancer drug and enzyme for improved tumor penetration and chemotherapy,which is promising for effective chemotherapy of different types of stroma-rich tumors. | Gaoming Li Yu Fan Lizhou Lin Rong Wu Mingwu Shen Xiangyang Shi | 2021 | Science China Chemistry2021，64，5： | 2 |
| 11 | Distribution of shrublands in relation to soil and climate in mid-subtropical China显示文摘Aims Understanding relationships between vegetation and environments is of importance for ecosystem restoration and management.However,information on how environments influence the floristic patterns of shrublands is lack,especially in the subtropical China.In this study,we explored how environments regulate species composition of shrublands at landscape scale in mid-subtropical China.Methods We investigated species composition and measured the climate and soil environments for 207 shrubland plots in mid-subtropical China(24°39′-30°08′N,108°47′-114°15′E).We applied a hierarchical cluster analysis and indicator species analysis based on the Bray-Curtis similarity index to identify the main shrubland types and employed principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)to explore the relationship between floristic composition and environment.Important Findings We identified four shrubland types occurring in different environmental conditions.Montane shrubland,dominated by species suitable for cool climates(e.g.Rhododendron simsii),were distributed in steep areas at comparatively high altitudes;foothill shrubland,dominated by mesophilous species(e.g.Loropetalum chinense),were distributed in low mountains and hills;pioneer shrubland,dominated by fast grow and short-life cycles species(e.g.Rhus chinensis),were distributed at low altitudes with dense population;and finally,limestone shrubland,dominated by calcicole plants(e.g.Coriaria nepalensis),were distributed in the extensive karst areas.Communities occurring in high pH soils were completely separated from those in low pH soils according to the hierarchical cluster analysis.PCoA ordination associated the four types with distinct edaphic and climatic gradients.Soil pH explained 63.3%of variation in PCoA,followed by soil depth and soil bulk density. | Jiaxiang Li Gaoming Xiong Wenting Xu Zongqiang Xie | 2016 | Journal of Plant Ecology2016，9，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Gas exchange, photochemical efficiency, and leaf water potential in three Salix species 显示文摘 | Liu Meizhen Jiang Gaoming Li Y G | 2003 | Photosynthetica2003，41，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Esti- mation of depths of fluid contacts and relative permeabili- ty curves by history matching using iterative ensemble Kalman smoothers 显示文摘 | WANG YUDOU LI Gaoming REYNOLDS A C | 2010 | SPE Journal2010，15，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Fluxes of CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O in an alpine meadow affected by yak excreta on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau during summer grazing periods显示文摘 | Xingwu Lin Shiping Wang Xiuzhi Ma Guangping Xu Caiyun Luo Yingnian Li Gaoming Jiang Zubin Xie | 2009 | Soil Biology and Biochemistry2009，，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Closed-loop reservoir management on the Brugge test case显示文摘 | Chaohui Chen Yudou Wang Gaoming Li Albert C. Reynolds | 2010 | Computational Geosciences2010，，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Phase separation of the nuclear pore complex facilitates selective nuclear transport to regulate plant defense against pathogen and pest invasion显示文摘The nuclear pore complex(NPC),the sole exchange channel between the nucleus and cytoplasm,is composed of several subcomplexes,among which the central barrier determines the permeability/selectivity of the NPC to dominate the nucleocytoplasmic trafficking essential for many important signaling events in yeast and mammals.How plant NPC central barrier controls selective transport is a crucial question remaining to be elucidated.In this study,we uncovered that phase separation of the central barrier is critical for the permeability and selectivity of plant NPC in the regulation of various biotic stresses.Phenotypic assays of nup62 mutants and complementary lines showed that NUP62 positively regulates plant defense against Botrytis cinerea,one of the world’s most disastrous plant pathogens.Furthermore,in vivo imaging and in vitro biochemical evidence revealed that plant NPC central barrier undergoes phase separation to regulate selective nucleocytoplasmic transport of immune regulators,as exemplified by MPK3,essential for plant resistance to B.cinerea.Moreover,genetic analysis demonstrated that NPC phase separation plays an important role in plant defense against fungal and bacterial infection as well as insect attack.These findings reveal that phase separation of the NPC central barrier serves as an important mechanism to mediate nucleocytoplasmic transport of immune regulators and activate plant defense against a broad range of biotic stresses. | Jiaojiao Wang Gaofeng Pei Yupei Wang Dewei Wu Xiaokang Liu Gaoming Li Jianfang He Xiaolin Zhang Xiaoyi Shan Pilong Li Daoxin Xie | 2023 | Molecular Plant2023，16，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Traits of chlorophyll fluorescence in 99 plant species from the sparse-elm grassland in Hunshandak Sandland显示文摘 | Li Yonggeng Li Linghao Jiang Gaoming Niu Shuli Liu Meizhen Gao Leiming Peng Yu Jiang Chuangdao | 2004 | Photosynthetica2004，42，： | 1 |
| 18 | Potassium nitrate application alleviates sodium chloride stress in winter wheat cultivars differing in salt tolerance显示文摘 | Yanhai Zheng Aijun Jia Tangyuan Ning Jialin Xu Zengjia Li Gaoming Jiang | 2008 | Journal of Plant Physiology2008，，14： | 1 |
| 19 | Effects of seasonal air temperature variation on airflow and surrounding rock temperature of mines显示文摘In underground mines, high air temperatures in the summer months lead to an increase in inlet airflow temperatures. This leads to seasonal thermal pollution in the mines. This paper examines the dynamics and effects of seasonal variation in surface air temperatures and surrounding rock temperatures in deep coal mines. It also examines temperature variations in the main ventilation circuit, working face, and surrounding rock. The study results revealed that airflow temperatures were significantly affected by seasonal air temperature variations. The greater the distance was between the inlet and the wellhead of the ventilation shaft, the less the effect was on temperature. Moreover, slight temperature variations (1.0-3.0 ℃) were observed between various points on the return route during the summer months. Airflow temperatures along the airflow inlet to the return route of the working face first decreased, but then increased. The temperature field of the surrounding rock increased gradually with increased distance between the mine roadway and inlet, with recorded rock temperatures as high as 40.53 ℃. The radius of the heat-adjusting layer was between 28 and 33 m. | Xin Yi Lifeng Ren Li Ma Gaoming Wei Wencong Yu Jun Deng Chimin Shu | 2019 | International Journal of Coal Science & Technology2019，6，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Strong restrictions on the trait range of co-occurring species in the newly created riparian zone of the three Gorges Reservoir Area, china显示文摘Aims community assembly links plant traits to particular environmental conditions.Numerous studies have adopted a trait-based approach to understand both community assembly processes and changes in plant functional traits along environmental gradients.In most cases these are long-established,natural or semi-natural environments.However,increasingly human activity has created,and continues to create,a range of new environmental conditions,and under-standing community assembly in these‘novel environments’will be increasingly important.Methods Built in 2006,the three Gorges Dam,largest hydraulic project in china,created a new riparian area of 384 km^(2),with massively al-tered hydrology.this large,newly created ecosystem is an ideal platform for understanding community assembly in a novel environment.We sampled environment variables and plant communities within 103 plots located in both the reservoir riparian zone(RRZ)and adjacent non-flooded and semi-natural upland(Upland)at the three Gorges Reservoir Area.We measured six traits from 168 plant species in order to calculate community-level distribution of trait values.We expected that the altered hydrology in RRZ would have a profound effect on the community assembly process for the local plants.Important Findingsconsistent with previous work on community assembly,the dis-tribution of trait values(range,variance,kurtosis and the standard deviation of the distribution neighbor distances)within all plots was significantly lower than those from random distributions,indicat-ing that both habitat filtering and limiting similarity simultaneously shaped the distributions of traits and the assembly of plant commu-nities.considering the newly created RRZ relative to nearby sites,community assembly was different in two main ways.First,there was a large shift in the mean trait values.compared to Upland commu-nities,plant communities in the RRZ had higher mean specific leaf area(SLA),higher nitrogen per unit leaf mass(Nmass),and lower max-imum height(MH).Second,in the RRZ compared to the Upland,for the percentage of individual plots whose characteristic of trait values was lower than null distributions,the reductions in the community-level range for SLA,Nmass,nitrogen per unit leaf area(Narea)and phos-phorus per unit leaf area(Parea)were much larger,suggesting that the habitat filter in this newly created riparian zone was much stronger compared to longer established semi-natural upland vegetation.this stronger filter,and the restriction to a subset of plants with very similar trait values,has implications for predicting riparian ecosystems’responses to the hydrological alterations and further understanding for human’s effect on plant diversity and plant floras. | Aiying Zhang Will Cornwell Zhaojia Li Gaoming Xiong Dayong Fan Zongqiang Xie | 2019 | Journal of Plant Ecology2019，12，5： | 0 |
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