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| 1 | Organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment of the Bosten Lake,Northwest China显示文摘We evaluated organic pollution in Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China, by measuring the concentrations and distributions of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs). Water and sediment samples were collected from 19 sites(B1–B19) in the lake for analysis. Our analytical results show that the concentrations of total OCPs in water ranges from 30.3 to 91.6 ng/L and the concentrations of PAHs ranges from undetectable(ND) to 368.7 ng/L. The concentrations of total OCPs in surface(i.e., lake bottom) sediment ranges from 6.9 to 16.7 ng/g and the concentrations of PAHs ranges from 25.2 to 491.0 ng/g. Hexachlorocyclohexanes(HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes(DDTs) account for large proportions of the OCPs. Low α- to γ-HCH ratios in both water and sediment samples indicate possible contributions from both industrial products and lindane. DDTs in water are probably from historical input, whereas DDTs in sediments are from both historical and recent inputs. Moreover, DDT products in both water and sediments were from multiple sources in the northwestern part of the lake(B11, B12, B13, and B14). Fugacity ratios for DDT isomers(p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT) at these sites were generally higher than equilibrium values. These results suggest that the input from the Kaidu River and diffusion of DDTs from the sediment to the water are responsible for DDT pollution in the water. Lower-molecular-weight PAHs, which originate primarily from wood and coal combustion and petroleum sources, represent the major fraction of the PAHs in both water and sediment samples. Our findings indicate that OCPs and PAHs in Bosten Lake can be attributed primarily to human activities. A risk assessment of OCPs and PAHs in water and sediment from Bosten Lake, however, suggests that concentrations are not yet high enough to cause adverse biological effects on the aquatic ecosystem. | SHEN Beibei WU Jinglu ZHAO Zhonghua | 2017 | Journal of Arid Land2017，9，2： | 12 |
| 2 | High-throughput phenotyping: Breaking through the bottleneck in future crop breeding显示文摘With the rapid development of genetic analysis techniques and crop population size,phenotyping has become the bottleneck restricting crop breeding.Breaking through this bottleneck will require phenomics,defined as the accurate,high-throughput acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes during crop growth at organism-wide levels,ranging from cells to organs,individual plants,plots,and fields.Here we offer an overview of crop phenomics research from technological and platform viewpoints at various scales,including microscopic,ground-based,and aerial phenotyping and phenotypic data analysis.We describe recent applications of high-throughput phenotyping platforms for abiotic/biotic stress and yield assessment.Finally,we discuss current challenges and offer perspectives on future phenomics research. | Peng Song Jinglu Wang Xinyu Guo Wanneng Yang Chunjiang Zhao | 2021 | The Crop Journal2021，9，3： | 10 |
| 3 | A deep learning-integrated phenotyping pipeline for vascular bundle phenotypes and its application in evaluating sap flow in the maize stem显示文摘Plant vascular bundles are responsible for water and material transportation, and their quantitative and functional evaluation is desirable in plant research. At the single-plant level, the number, size, and distribution of vascular bundles vary widely, posing a challenge to automatically and accurately identifying and quantifying them. In this study, a deep learning-integrated phenotyping pipeline was developed to robustly and accurately detect vascular bundles in Computed Tomography(CT) images of stem internodes. Two semantic indicators were used to evaluate and identify a suitable feature extraction network for semantic segmentation models. The epidermis thickness of maize stem was evaluated for the first time and adjacent vascular bundles were improved using an adaptive watershed-based approach. The counting accuracy(R^(2)) of vascular bundles was 0.997 for all types of stem internodes, and the measured accuracy of size traits was over 0.98. Combining sap flow experiments, multiscale traits of vascular bundles were evaluated at the single-plant level, which provided an insight into the water use efficiency of the maize plant. | Jianjun Du Ying Zhang Xianju Lu Minggang Zhang Jinglu Wang Shengjin Liao Xinyu Guo Chunjiang Zhao | 2022 | The Crop Journal2022，10，5： | 3 |
| 4 | First results on ^(76)Ge neutrinoless double beta decay from CDEX-1 experiment显示文摘We report the first results on ^(76)Ge neutrinoless double beta decay from stage one of the China dark-matter experiment(CDEX).A p-type point-contact high-purity germanium detector with a mass of 994 g has been installed to detect neutrinoless double beta decay events, as well as to directly detect dark matter particles. An exposure of 304 kg d has been analyzed over a wide spectral band from 500 keV to 3 MeV. The average event rate obtained was about 0.012 counts per keV per kg per day over the 2.039 MeV energy range. The half-life of ^(76)Ge neutrinoless double beta decay derived based on this result is T^(0ν)1/2>6.4×10^(22) yr(90% C.L.). An upper limit on the effective Majorana-neutrino mass of 5.0 eV has been achieved. | Li Wang Qian Yue KeJun Kang JianPing Cheng YuanJing Li TszKing Henry Wong ShinTed Lin JianPing Chang JingHan Chen QingHao Chen YunHua Chen Zhi Deng Qiang Du Hui Gong Li He QingJu He JinWei Hu HanXiong Huang TengRui Huang LiPing Jia Hao Jiang HauBin Li Hong Li JianMin Li Jin Li Jun Li Xia Li XueQian Li YuLan Li FongKay Lin ShuKui Liu Hao Ma JingLu Ma XingYu Pan Jie Ren XiChao Ruan ManBin Shen Vivek Sharma Lakhwinder Singh Manoj Kumar Singh Manoj Kumar Singh Arun Kumar Soma ChangJian Tang WeiYou Tang ChaoHsiung Tseng JiMin Wang Qing Wang ShiYong Wu YuCheng Wu HaoYang Xing Yin Xu Tao Xue LiTao Yang SongWei Yang Nan Yi ChunXu Yu HaiJun Yu WeiHe Zeng XiongHui Zeng Zhi Zeng Lan Zhang YunHua Zhang MingGang Zhao Wei Zhao JiFang Zhou ZuYing Zhou JingJun Zhu WeiBin Zhu ZhongHua Zhu | 2017 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2017，60，7： | 3 |
| 5 | A high-accuracy method for simulating the XCO_2 global distribution using GOSAT retrieval data显示文摘A high-accuracy surface modeling(HASM)method based on the fundamental theorem of surfaces,is developed to simulate XCO_2 surfaces using the GOSAT retrieval XCO_2 data.Two tests are designed to investigate the simulation accuracy.The first test divides the existing satellite retrieval XCO2 data into training points and testing points,and simulates the XCO2 surface using the training points while computing the simulation error using the testing points.The absolute mean error(MAE)of the testing points is 1.189 ppmv,and the corresponding values of the comparison methods,Ordinary Kriging,IDW,and Spline are1.203,1.301,and 1.355 ppmv,respectively.The second test simulates the XCO_2 surface using all the satellite retrieval points and uses the TCCON(Total Carbon Column Observing Network)site observation values as the ture values.For the six typical TCCON sites,the HASM simulation MAE is 1.688 ppmv,and the satellite retrieval MAE at the same sites is 2.147 ppmv.These results indicate that HASM can successfully simulate XCO_2 surfaces based on satellite retrieval data. | ZHAO MingWei ZHANG XingYing YUE TianXiang WANG Chun JIANG Ling SUN JingLu | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，1： | 2 |
| 6 | The effect of annealing treatment on the performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells with donor and acceptor different weight ratios显示文摘Bulk heterojunction organic solar cells(OSCs) based on the blend of poly(2-methoxy-5(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene(MEH-PPV) and [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM) with different weight ratios(from 1:3 to 1:5) have been fabricated and the effect of annealing treatment on the performance of OSCs has also been studied.Experimental results point to the best optimized doping concentration 1:4 for MEH-PPV:PCBM.Furthermore,it is found that the devices with annealing treatment at 150℃ with 8 min show better performance compared with the devices without treatment.The series resistance(Rs) is decreased,while the shunt resistance(Rsh) increased by nearly 1.5 times.The short-circuit current density(Jsc) and fill factor(FF) are improved by annealing treatment.As a result,the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of the devices increases from 0.49 % to 1.21 % with the ratio of 1:3 and from 1.09% to 1.42% with the ratio of 1:4. | SONG JingLu XU Zheng ZHANG FuJun ZHAO SuLing HU Tao LI JunMing LIU XiaoDong YUE Xin WANG YongSheng | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，10： | 1 |
| 7 | P21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1)-mediated cytoskeleton rearrangement promotes SARS-CoV-2 entry and ACE2 autophagic degradation显示文摘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),has had a significant impact on healthcare systems and economies worldwide.The continuous emergence of new viral strains presents a major challenge in the development of effective antiviral agents.Strategies that possess broad-spectrum antiviral activities are desirable to control SARS-CoV-2 infection.ACE2,an angiotensin-containing enzyme that prevents the overactivation of the renin angiotensin system,is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2.ACE2 interacts with the spike protein and facilitates viral attachment and entry into host cells.Yet,SARS-CoV-2 infection also promotes ACE2 degradation.Whether restoring ACE2 surface expression has an impact on SARS-CoV-2 infection is yet to be determined.Here,we show that the ACE2-spike complex is endocytosed and degraded via autophagy in a manner that depends on clathrin-mediated endocytosis and PAK1-mediated cytoskeleton rearrangement.In contrast,free cellular spike protein is selectively cleaved into S1 and s2 subunits in a lysosomal-dependent manner.Importantly,we show that the pan-PAK inhibitor FRAX-486 restores ACE2 surface expression and suppresses infection by different SARS-CoV-2 strains.FRAX-486-treated Syrian hamsters exhibit significantly decreased lung viral load and alleviated pulmonary inflammation compared with untreated hamsters.In summary,our findings have identified novel pathways regulating viral entry,as well as therapeutic targets and candidate compounds for controlling the emerging strains of SARS-CoV-2 infection. | Ming Liu Bingtai Lu Yue Li Shuofeng Yuan Zhen Zhuang Guangyu Li Dong Wang Liuheyi Ma Jianheng Zhu Jinglu Zhao Chris Chung-Sing Chan Vincent Kwok-Man Poon Kenn Ka-Heng Chik Zhiyao Zhao Huifang Xian Jingxian Zhao Jincun Zhao Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan Yuxia Zhang | 2023 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2023，8，11： | 0 |
| 8 | Performances of a prototype point-contact germanium detector immersed in liquid nitrogen for light dark matter search显示文摘The CDEX-10 experiment searches for light weakly interacting massive particles, a form of dark matter, at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory, where approximately 10 kg of germanium detectors are arranged in an array and immersed in liquid nitrogen. Herein, we report on the experimental apparatus, detector characterization, and spectrum analysis of one prototype detector. Owing to the higher rise-time resolution of the CDEX-10 prototype detector as compared with CDEX-1 B, we identified the origin of an observed category of extremely fast events. For data analysis of the CDEX-10 prototype detector, we introduced and applied an improved bulk/surface event discrimination method. The results of the new method were compared to those of the CDEX-1 B spectrum. Both sets of results showed good consistency in the 0-12 ke Vee energy range, except for the 8.0 keV K-shell X-ray peak from the external copper. | Hao Jiang LiTao Yang Qian Yue KeJun Kang JianPing Cheng YuanJing Li Henry Tsz-King Wong M.A?artio?lu HaiPeng An JianPing Chang JingHan Chen YunHua Chen Zhi Deng Qiang Du Hui Gong Li He Jin Wei Hu QingDong Hu HanXiong Huang LiPing Jia HauBin Li Hong Li Jian Min Li Jin Li Xia Li XueQian Li YuLan Li Bin Liao FongKay Lin ShinTed Lin ShuKui Liu YanDong Liu YuanYuan Liu ZhongZhi Liu Hao Ma JingLu Ma Hui Pan Jie Ren XiChao Ruan B.Sevda Vivek Sharma ManBin Shen Lakhwinder Singh Monoj Kumar Singh TianXi Sun ChangJian Tang WeiYou Tang Yang Tian GuangFu Wang JiMin Wang Li Wang Qing Wang Yi Wang ShiYong Wu YuCheng Wu HaoYang Xing Yin Xu Tao Xue SongWei Yang Nan Yi ChunXu Yu HaiJun Yu JianFeng Yue XiongHui Zeng Ming Zeng Zhi Zeng FengShou Zhang YunHua Zhang MingGang Zhao JiFang Zhou ZuYing Zhou JingJun Zhu ZhongHua Zhu | 2019 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2019，62，3： | 0 |
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