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| 1 | Establishment of cell clones with different metastatic potential from the metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97显示文摘ALM To establish clone cells with different metastatic potential for the study of metastasis-related mechanisms. METHODS Cloning procedure was performed on parental hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line MHCC97. andbiological characteristics of the target clones selected by in vivo screening were studied.``RESULTS Two clones with high MHCC97-H and IowMHCC9--L1 metastatic potential were isolated from theparent cell line. Compared with MHCC97-L. MHCC97-H hadsmaller cell size average cell diameter 43 um vs 50 μmand faster in vitro and in vivo growth rate tumor celldoubling time was 34.2 h vs 60.0 h. The main ranges ofchromosomes were 5.5 58 in MHCC97-H and 57 62 inMHCC97-L. Boyden chamber in vitro invasion assay demonstrated that the number of penetrating cells through the artificial basement membrane was 137.5 - 11 .0) cellsfield for MHC_C99--H vs 17.7 - 6.3) field for MHCC97-L.The proportions of cells in GO Gl phase. S phase, and G_ M phase for MHCC97-H MHCC97-L were 0.56 6.65.0.28 0.25 and 0.l6 0.10, respectively, as measured by flow cytometry. The serum AFP levels in nude mice 5 wk after orthotopic implantation of tumor tissue were ( 24666 μg. L for MHCC97-H and (91- 66) μg' L 1 for MHCC97L. The pulmonary metastatic rate was 100% (10-10) vs40% 4- 10).``CONCLUSION Two clones of the same genetic background but with different biological behaviors were established, which could be valuable models for investigation on HCC metastasis. | Yan Li Zhao-You Tang Sheng-Long Ye Yin-Kun Liu Jie Chen Qiong Xue Jun Chen Dong-Mei Gao Wei-Hua Bao Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University (Former Liver Cancer Institute of Shanghai Medical University),Shanghai 200032,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，5： | 111 |
| 2 | Association of H.pylori infection with gastric carcinoma:a Meta analysis显示文摘AIM: To follow the principles of evidence based medicine to reach the integrated results of these studies.METHODS: Twenty-one papers of case-control studies were selected, including 11 on gastric cancer, 7 on precancerous lesion of stomach and 3 on lymphoma of stomach: Meta analysis was used to sum up the odds ratios (OR) of these studies.RESULTS: H. Pylori vsgastric cancer (intestinal and diffuse type): the odds ratio from the fixed effect model is 3.0016(95% Cl 2.4197-3.7234, P < 0.001 ). H. Pylori vs precancerous lesion of stomach: a random effect model was used to calculate the summary odds ratio and its value is 2.5635 (95% Cl: 1.8477-3.5566, P < 0.01). H. Pylori vs lymphoma of stomach: though the quantity of literature is too small to make Meta analysis, the data of these 3 studies show that lymphoma of stomach is highly associated with H. Pylori infections.CONCLUSION: Since it had been revealed that H. Pylori infection pre-exists in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions, the results of Meta analysis present a strong evidence to support the conclusion that H. Pylori infection is a risk factor for gastric carcinoma. | Fu-Bo Xue~1 Yong-Yong Xu~1 Yi Wan~1 Bo-Rong Pan~2 Jun Ren~2 Dai-Ming Fan~3 1 Department of Health Statistics,Department of2 Oncology3 Gastroenterology of XiJing Hospital,the Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,Shaanxi Province,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，6： | 66 |
| 3 | Astragalus polysaccharide enhances immunity and inhibits H9N2 avian influenza virus in vitro and in vivo显示文摘This study investigated the humoral immunization of Astragalus polysaccharide(APS) against H9N2 avian influenza virus(H9N2 AIV) infection in chickens. The effects of APS treatment on H9N2 infection was evaluated by an MTT [3(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 3-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay and analysis of MHC and cytokine mRNA expression. The effect on lymphocyte and serum antibody titers in vivo was also investigated. IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, LITAF, IL-12 and antibody titers to H9N2 AIV were enhanced in the first week after APS treatment. The results indicated that APS treatment reduces H9N2 AIV replication and promotes early humoral immune responses in young chickens. | Sanpha Kallon Xiaorong Li Jun Ji Cuiying Chen Qianyun Xi Shuang Chang Chunyi Xue Jingyun Ma Qingmei Xie Youngliang Zhang | 2013 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2013，4，4： | 48 |
| 4 | Research progress on reduced lodging of high-yield and-density maize显示文摘Increasing plant density is an effective way to enhance maize yield, but often increases lodging rate and severity, significantly elevating the risk and cost of maize production. Therefore, lodging is a major factor restricting future increases in maize yield through high-density planting. This paper reviewed previous research on the relationships between maize lodging rate and plant morphology, mechanical strength of stalks, anatomical and biochemical characteristics of stalks, root characteristics, damage from pests and diseases, environmental factors, and genomic characteristics. The effects of planting density on these factors and explored possible ways to improve lodging resistance were also analyzed in this paper. The results provide a basis for future research on increasing maize lodging resistance under high-density planting conditions and can be used to develop maize cultivation practices and lodging-resistant maize cultivars. | XUE Jun XIE Rui-zhi ZHANG Wang-feng WANG Ke-ru HOU Peng MING Bo GOU Ling LI Shao-kun | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，12： | 42 |
| 5 | Design and engineering implementation of non-supplementary fired compressed air energy storage system: TICC-500显示文摘The integration and accommodation of the wind and solar energy pose great challenges on today’s power system operation due to the intermittent nature and volatility of the wind and solar resources.High efficient large-scale electrical energy storage is one of the most effective and economical solutions to those problems.After the comprehensive review of the existing storage technologies,this paper proposes an overall design scheme for the Non-supplementary Fired Compressed Air Energy Storage(NFCAES)system,including system design,modeling and efficiency assessment,as well as protection and control.Especially,the design principles of the multistage regenerative,i.e.heat recovery system which is used to fully recycle and utilize the waste heat from compression are provided,so as the overall system efficiency evaluation method.This paper theoretically ascertains the storage decoupling rules in the potential and internal energy of molecular compressed air and reveals the conversion mechanism of gas,heat,power,electricity and other forms of energy.On this basis,a 500-k W physical simulation system of CAES system(TICC-500,Tsinghua-IPCCAS-CEPRI-CAES)is built,which passed a system-wide 420-k W load power generation test with less pollution and zero carbon emissions.Besides,the multi-form energy conversion of multi-stage regenerative CAES and storage efficiency is verified,especially its incomparable superiority in solving the uncertainty problem in wind and solar power generation.Finally,the propaganda and application scenario of the CAES system in China is introduced. | MEI Sheng Wei WANG Jun Jie TIAN Fang CHEN Lai Jun XUE Xiao Dai LU Qiang ZHOU Yuan ZHOU Xiao Xin | 2015 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2015，58，4： | 37 |
| 6 | Phosphogypsum stabilization of bauxite residue:Conversion of its alkaline characteristics显示文摘Reduction of the high alkalinity of bauxite residue is a key problem to solve to make it suitable for plant growth and comprehensive utilization. In this study, phosphogypsum, a waste product from the phosphate fertilizer industry, was used to drive the alkaline transformation of the bauxite residue. Under optimal water washing conditions(liquid/solid ratio of 2 mL/g, 30°C, 24 hr), the impact of quantity added, reaction time and reaction mechanism during phosphogypsum application were investigated. Phosphogypsum addition effectively lowered p H levels and reduced the soluble alkalinity by 92.2%. It was found that the concentration of soluble Na and Ca ions in the supernatant increased gradually, whilst the exchangeable Na+and Ca^(2+)in solid phase changed 112 mg/kg and 259 mg/kg, respectively. Ca^(2+)became the dominant element in the solid phase(phosphogypsum addition of 2%, liquid/solid ratio of 2 mL/g, 30°C, 12 hr). X-ray diffraction data indicated that cancrinite and hydrogarnet were the primary alkaline minerals. SEM images suggested that phosphogypsum could promote the formation of stable macroaggregates, whilst the content of Ca^(2+)increased from 5.6% to 18.2% and Na reduced from 6.8% to 2.4%. Treatment with phosphogypsum could significantly promote the transformation of alkalinity cations by neutralization, precipitation and replacement reactions.This research provided a feasible method to promote soil formation of bauxite residue by phosphogypsum amendment. | Shengguo Xue Meng Li Jun Jiang Graeme J.Millar Chuxuan Li Xiangfeng Kong | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，3： | 35 |
| 7 | Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: a possible approach to protect against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury显示文摘客观 A 将军评论用包含的研究做的:( 1 )胆碱能的反煽动性的小径(帽子)的概念和机制,( 2 )在心肌的局部缺血灌注( I/R )的煽动性的反应的重要角色损害并且( 3 )由哪个帽子可以对心肌的 I/R injury.Data 提供保护的证据和机制采购在这评论使用的数据主要从在从 1987 用英语被出版的 PubMed 列出的手稿到 2009 。搜索词是“ vagal 神经刺激”,“心肌的局部缺血灌注损害 ',' 烟碱醋胆素受体”和“发炎”煽动性的反应由灌注导致了的临床、试验性的证据提高的 .Study 选择(1 ) 心肌的 I/R 损害。(2 ) 临床并且 CAP 禁止发炎并且对心肌的 I/R injury.Results 提供保护的实验室证据心肌的 I/R 损害确实是 neutrophils 的招募描绘进 ischemic 心肌层和支持 inflammatory cytokines 的过多的生产的一个煽动性的过程。因为 CAP 能由减少调制煽动性的反应支持 inflammatory cytokines 的生产和版本,它能对帽子能禁止的心肌的 I/R injury.Conclusions 提供保护煽动性的反应由灌注导致了并且免于心肌的 I/R 损害。开发新、新奇的治疗学稀释心肌的 I/R 损害代表一个令人激动的机会。 | XIONG Jun XUE Fu-shan YUAN Yu-jing WANG Qiang LIAO Xu WANG Wei-li | 2010 | Chinese Medical Journal2010，，19： | 33 |
| 8 | Sediment-hosted Pb-Zn Deposits in Southwest Sanjiang Tethys and Kangdian Area on the Western Margin of Yangtze Craton显示文摘Yangtze Craton 的西方的边缘作为重要招待沉积的基础金属的总数簇被知道,特别为在中国的 PbZn 存款,例如 Jinding, Daliangzi, Tianbaoshan, Kuangshanchang 和 Qinlinchang 存款。与在世界上的经典 MVT 存款比较,基于招待沉积的 Pb-Zn 存款的基本地质学,这份报纸集中于这存款的 temporalspatial 分发进一步讨论它的大规模矿化作用和构造进化历史。在 SW Sanjiang Thethys, Jinding 沉积物典型地在沙岩和忍受角砾岩的沙岩主要是控制差错、招待的戳,而 MVT 类型存款被岩性学控制并且为招待碳酸盐的岩石与强壮的偏爱差错 / 破裂。最重要地, Jinding PbZn 沉积物不同于它在一个大陆人碰撞地区以内在强烈使变形的低岬盆在被形成的招待沉积的 PbZn 存款的另外的类型。在 Kangdian 区域,招待沉积的 PbZn 存款沿着 Yangtze Craton 在大陆人 orogenic 带的方面上在 extensional 盆被形成。与经典 MVT 存款相比,在 Kangdian 区域的 PbZn 存款属于 MVT 存款。这份报纸是重要的不仅因为招待沉积的 PbZn 的开始的解释扔而且因为利用大贱金属在大沉积目标区域扔。 | WANG Changming DENG Jun ZHANG Shouting XUE Chunji YANG Liqiang WANG Qingfei SUN Xiang | 2010 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2010，84，6： | 33 |
| 9 | The Association of Maternal Body Composition and Dietary Intake with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during the Second Trimester in a Cohort of Chinese Pregnant Women显示文摘Objective To investigate the association of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods A total 154 GDM subjects and 981 controls were enrolled in a prospective cohort study in 11 hospitals from May 20, 2012 to December 31, 2013. Bioelectrical impedance analysis and dietary surveys were used to determine body composition and to evaluate the intake of nutrients in subjects at 21-24 weeks' gestation(WG). Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the relationships of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of GDM morbidity. Results Age, pre-pregnant body weight(BW), and body mass index(BMI) were associated with increased risk of GDM. Fat mass(FM), fat mass percentage(FMP), extracellular water(ECW), BMI, BW, energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates at 21-24 WG were associated with an increased risk of GDM. In contrast, fat free mass(FFM), muscular mass(MM), and intracellular water(ICW) were associated with a decreased risk of GDM. Conclusion Maternal body composition and dietary intake during the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with the risk of GDM morbidity. | Xu Qing Gao Zhi Ying Li Li Ming Wang Lu Zhang Qian Teng Yue Zhao Xia Ge Sheng Jing Hong Jiang Yang Yong Tao Liu Xiao Jun Lyu Chun Jian Mao Lun Yu Xiao Ming Liu Ying Hua Kong Ai Jing Yang Xue Yan Liu Zhao Zhang Yong Wang Jin Zhang Xin Sheng Xue Chang Yong Lu Yan Ping | 2016 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2016，29，1： | 29 |
| 10 | Antisense telomerase RNA induced human gastric cancer cell apoptosis显示文摘INTRODUCTION Human tissue homeostasis is precisely regulated bycellular division,differentiation and death.Normalhuman somatic cells progressively lose telomererestriction fragment(TRF)length with eachsuccessive cell division,eventually leading tocellular quiescence,chromosomal end-degradationand apoptosis.On the contrary,stabilization oftelomere lengths by expressing telomerase,an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase,may be involved incellular immortality and carcinogenesis. | Fang Xin Zhang Xue Yong Zhang Dai Ming Fan Zi Yun Deng Yan Yan Han Ping Wu Jun Jie Fan | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，3： | 24 |
| 11 | Comparison of parathyroid hormone (1-34) and elcatonin in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: an 18-month randomized, multicenter controlled trial in China显示文摘 | LI Ying XUAN Miao WANG Bo YANG Jun ZHANG Hong ZHANG Xiu-zhen GUO Xiao-hui Lü Xiao-feng XUE Qing-yun YANG Gang-yi JI Qiu-he LIU Zhi-min LI Cheng-jiang WU Tian-feng SHENG Zheng-yan LI Peng-qiu TONG Jiu-cui | 2013 | Chinese Medical Journal2013，，3： | 24 |
| 12 | Postoperative Stimulated Thyroglobulin Level and Recurrence Risk Stratification in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer显示文摘 | Xue Yang Jun Liang Tian-Jun Li Ke Yang Dong-Quan Liang Zhuang Yu Yan-Song Lin | 2015 | Chinese Medical Journal2015，，8： | 24 |
| 13 | Total parathyroidectomy combined with partial autotransplantation for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism显示文摘为长期的肾的失败引起的第二等的甲状腺机能过盛的背景药治疗可能在疾病的早阶段是可得到的,但是它不是为严肃的病人同样有效的。学习的目的是评估通过 2006 年 9 月, parathroidectomy 和自体移植从 1999 年 9 月与第二等的 hyperparathyroidism.Methods 在尿毒症的病人与前臂自体移植相结合的全部的 parathyroidectomy 的效果在 20 个病人被执行。在外科手术前的甲状旁腺的 ultrasonography 和外科的探索的结果之间的连贯被比较。intraoperatively,浆液钙集中和未经触动的甲状旁腺的荷尔蒙(iPTH ) 外科手术前地被监视, 71 增生的甲状旁腺的腺全部的 postoperatively.Results A 是在 20 个病人的 resected。在 B-ultrasonography 和 intraoperative 探索之间的甲状旁腺的本地化的一致率是 94.4% 。平均 iPTH 价值是(110.90 捩瑡潩獮漠捣牵敲 ? 湩㈠瀠瑡敩瑮 ????? 湡 ? 桴牥 ? 慷 ? 潮瀠牥潩数慲楴敶搠慥桴 ? 湯汣獵潩 ? 慌慰潲 ' 盏妻鏂邽惮嫆啼蠹缿?畣敲瑴条 ? 湡 ? 獡楰慲楴湯椠 ? 晥楦楣湥 ? 湡 ? 慳敦映牯氠癩牥爠獥 ' 虡 N 湯 .????? | ZOU Qiang WANG Hong-ying ZHOU Jian LAO Zheng-yin XUE Jun LI Ming-xin LI Hai-ming JIN Yi-ting GU Yong ZHANG Yan-ling | 2007 | Chinese Medical Journal2007，，20： | 22 |
| 14 | Age-related rhesus macaque models of COVID-19显示文摘Background:Since December 2019,an outbreak of the Corona Virus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)in Wuhan,China,has become a public health emergency of international concern.The high fatality of aged cases caused by SARS-CoV-2 was a need to explore the possible age-related phenomena with non-human primate models.Methods:Three 3-5 years old and two 15 years old rhesus macaques were intratracheally infected with SARS-CoV-2,and then analyzed by clinical signs,viral replication,chest X-ray,histopathological changes and immune response.Results:Viral replication of nasopharyngeal swabs,anal swabs and lung in old monkeys was more active than that in young monkeys for 14 days after SARS-CoV-2 challenge.Monkeys developed typical interstitial pneumonia characterized by thickened alveolar septum accompanied with inflammation and edema,notably,old monkeys exhibited diffuse severe interstitial pneumonia.Viral antigens were detected mainly in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages.Conclusion:SARS-CoV-2 caused more severe interstitial pneumonia in old monkeys than that in young monkeys.Rhesus macaque models infected with SARS-CoV-2 provided insight into the pathogenic mechanism and facilitated the development of vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection. | Pin Yu Feifei Qi Yanfeng Xu Fengdi Li Peipei Liu Jiayi Liu Linlin Bao Wei Deng Hong Gao Zhiguang Xiang Chong Xiao Qi Lv Shuran Gong Jiangning Liu Zhiqi Song Yajin Qu Jing Xue Qiang Wei Mingya Liu Guanpeng Wang Shunyi Wang Haisheng Yu Xing Liu Baoying Huang Wenling Wang Li Zhao Huijuan Wang Fei Ye Weimin Zhou Wei Zhen Jun Han Guizhen Wu Qi Jin Jianwei Wang Wenjie Tan Chuan Qin | 2020 | Animal Models and Experimental Medicine2020，3，1： | 22 |
| 15 | Changes in distribution and microstructure of bauxite residue aggregates following amendments addition显示文摘Bauxite residue is a highly alkaline byproduct which is routinely discarded at residue disposal areas. Improving soil formation process to revegetate the special degraded lands is a promising strategy for sustainable management of the refining industry. A laboratory incubation experiment was used to evaluate the effects of gypsum and vermicompost on stable aggregate formation of bauxite residue. Aggregate size distribution was quantified by fractal theory, whilst residue microstructure was determined by scanning electron microscopy and synchrotron-based X-ray micro-computed tomography. Amendments addition increased the content of macro-aggregates(> 250 μm) and enhanced aggregate stability of bauxite residue. Following gypsum and vermicompost addition, fractal dimension decreased from 2.84 to 2.77, which indicated a more homogeneous distribution of aggregate particles. Images from scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional microstructure demonstrated that amendments stimulate the formation of improved structure in residue aggregates. Pore parameters including porosity, pore throat surface area, path length, and path tortuosity increased under amendment additions. Changes in aggregate size distribution and microstructure of bauxite residue indicated that additions of gypsum and vermicompost were beneficial to physical condition of bauxite residue which may enhance the ease of vegetation. | Shengguo Xue Yuzhen Ye Feng Zhu Qiongli Wang Jun Jiang William Hartley | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，4： | 21 |
| 16 | Expression of VEGF_(121)in gastric carcinoma MGC803 cell line显示文摘INTRODUCTIONVascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)whichis also known as vascular permeability factor(VPF)is a heparin-binding,dimeric polypeptide growthfactor and a potent mitogen for endothelial cells.VEGF can stimulate the endothelial cell growth andenhance the motility through its two knownreceptors flt-1 and KDR.Acting through thesereceptors,VEGF may stimulate angiogenesis | Xue Jun Tian Jian Wu Lin Meng Zhi Wei Dang Cheng Chao Shou Beijing Institute for Cancer Research,Oncology School of Beijing Medical University,Beijing 100034,China Institute of Cancer Research,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100021,China | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，2： | 17 |
| 17 | Effect of notoginsenoside R1 on hepatic microcirculation disturbance induced by gut ischemia and reperfusion显示文摘AIM: To assess the effect of notoginsenoside R1 on hepatic microcirculatory disturbance induced by gut ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in mice.METHODS: The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) of C57/BL mice was ligated for 15 min to induce gut ischemia followed by 30-min reperfusion. In another set of experiments, R1 was continuously infused (10 mg/kg per hour) from 10 min before I/R until the end of the investigation to study the influence of R1 on hepatic microcirculatory disturbance induced by gut I/R. Hepatic microcirculation was observed by inverted microscopy, and the vascular diameter, red blood cell (RBC) velocity and sinusoid perfusion were estimated. Leukocyte rolling and adhesion were observed under a laser confocal microscope. Thirty and 60 min after reperfusion, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in peripheral blood were determined. The expression of adhesion molecules CD11b/CD18 in neutrophils and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in plasma were evaluated by flow cytometry. E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in hepatic tissue were examined by immunofluorescence. RESULTS: After gut I/R, the diameters of terminal portal venules and central veins, RBC velocity and the number of perfused sinusoids were decreased, while the leukocyte rolling and adhesion, the expression of E-selectin in hepatic vessels and CD18 in neutrophils, IL-6, MCP-1, LDH, ALT and AST were increased. R1 treatment attenuated these alterations except for IL-6 and MCP-1.CONCLUSION: R1 prevents I/R-induced hepatic microcirculation disturbance and hepatocyte injury. The effect of R1 is related to its inhibition of leukocyte rolling and adhesion by inhibiting the expression of E-selectin in endothelium and CD18 in neutrophils. | Wei-Xing Chen Fang Wang, Yu-Ying Liu, Qing-Jiang Zeng, Kai Sun, Xin Xue, Xiang Li, Ji-Ying Yang, Li-Hua An,Bai-He Hu, Jin-Hui Yang, Chuan-She Wang, Zhi-Xin Li, Lian-Yi Liu, Yan Li, Jun Zheng, Fu-Long Liao, Dong Han,Jing-Yu Fan, Jing-Yan Han Fang Wang Yu-Ying Liu Qing-Jiang Zeng Kai Sun Xin Xue Xiang Li Ji-Ying Yang Li-Hua An Bai-He Hu Jin-Hui Yang Chuan-She Wang Zhi-Xin Li Lian-Yi Liu Yan Li Jun Zheng Fu-Long Liao Dong Han Jing-Yu Fan Jing-Yan Han | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，1： | 17 |
| 18 | Study of angiogenesis induced by metastatic and non-metastatic liver cancer by corneal micropocket model in nude mice显示文摘METHODSCornealmicropocketswerecreatedinnudemice.Tumortissuesandlivertissueswereimplantedintothecornealmicropockets.Angiogenes... | SUN Hui Chuan, LI Xiao Ming, XUE Qiong, CHEN Jun, GAO Dong Mei and TANG Zhao You | 1999 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1999，5，2： | 17 |
| 19 | Rapid improvement of PM2.5 pollution and associated health benefits in China during 2013–2017显示文摘Exposure to fine particulate matter(PM2.5)is known to harm public health.In China,after implementation of aggressive emissions control measures under the Action Plan of Air Pollution Prevention and Control(2013-2017),air quality has significantly improved.In this work,we investigated changes in PM2.5 exposure and the associated health impacts in China for the period 2013-2017.We used an optimal estimator of PM2.5 combining in-situ observations,satellite measurements,and simulations from a chemical transport model to derive the spatial and temporal variations in PM2.5 exposure,and then used welldeveloped exposure-response functions to estimate the premature deaths attributable to PM2.5 exposure.We found that national population-weighed annual mean PM2.5 concentrations decreased from 67.4μgm-3 in 2013 to 45.5μgm-3 in 2017(32%reduction).This rapid decrease in PM2.5 pollution led to a 14%reduction in premature deaths due to long-term exposure.We estimated that,during 2013-2017,the premature deaths attributable to long-term PM2.5 exposure decreased from 1.2 million(95%CI:1.0,1.3;fraction of total mortality:13%)in 2013 to 1.0 million(95%CI:0.9,1.2;10%)in 2017.Despite the rapid decrease in annual mean PM2.5 concentrations,health benefits associated with reduced long-term exposure were limited,because for many cities,the PM2.5 levels remain at the portion where the exposure-response function is less steeper than that at the lowconcentration end.We also found that the deaths associated with acute exposure decreased by 61%during 2013-2017 due to rapid reduction in the number of heavily polluted days.Our results confirm that clean air policies in China have mitigated the air pollution crisis;however,continuous emissions reduction efforts are required to protect citizens from air pollution. | Tao XUE Jun LIU Qiang ZHANG Guannan GENG Yixuan ZHENG Dan TONG Zhu LIU Dabo GUAN Yu BO Tong ZHU Kebin HE Jiming HAO | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，12： | 17 |
| 20 | Effect of leaf removal on photosynthetically active radiation distribution in maize canopy and stalk strength显示文摘The objectives of this study were to determine how the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) in a maize canopy affected basal intemode strength and stalk lodging.The distributions of PAR within the canopies of two maize cultivars(Zhongdan 909 and Xinyu 41) were altered by removing whole leaves or half leaves in different canopy layers.The results showed that removing whole leaves or half leaves above the three-ear-leaves(R_(AE) and R_(AE/2)) at flowering significantly increased PAR at the ear and interception of PAR(IPAR) from the earto middle of the ear and soil surface.These changes increased the structural carbohydrate content and rind penetration strength(RPS) of the third basal intemode by 5.4-11.6%and reduced lodging by 4.2-7.8%.Removal of the first three leaves below the three-ear-leaves(R_(BE)) before flowering significantly reduced IPAR from the ear to half way below the ear.This reduced the structural carbohydrate content and the RPS of the third basal intemode by 9.1-17.4%and increased lodging by 7.0-11.2%.Removal of the three lowest green leaves(R_B) in the canopy before flowering increased PAR at the bottom of the canopy,but had no effect on the structural carbohydrate content of the basal intemode,the RPS,and the lodging rate.Overall,the results indicated that the key factors affecting the basal intemode strength formation and lodging were PAR at the ear and IPAR from the ear to halfway below the ear.Increasing PAR at the ear and IPAR from the ear to halfway below the ear could enhance lodging resistance by increasing the structural carbohydrate content and mechanical strength of the basal intemode. | XUE Jun GOU Ling SHI Zhi-guo ZHAO Ying-shan ZHANG Wang-feng | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，1： | 16 |
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