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| 1 | OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GeO_2 AND Ge NANOCRYSTALS显示文摘he co m pound m aterial of n m size particles Ge O2 Si O2 w as synthesied through hydrolysis of Si( O C2 H4) and Ge Cl4 . A heat treatm ent w as carried out for the sa m ples at 100 ~1200 ℃in air . Its optical property w as deter mined by U V Vis spectur m . We have found that theabsorption edge of spectru m shifted progressively to longer w avelengths . The quantu m size ef fect of nanocrystals appears because crystals gro w and energy of optical band gap reduces d ueto the influence of te m perature . By the analysis of X ray diffraction w e have observed theprocess in w hich the structure of particles changed fro m disorder into order . | Y.H.Zhou 1) ,Y.Y.Feng 2) and H.Y.Lu 2) 1)Department of Physics Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097,China 2)Physics and Ch寁O P T I C A L P R O P E R T I E S O F Ge O2 A N D Ge N A N O C R Y S T A L S Y. H. Zhou1) , Y. Y. Feng2) | 1999 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1999，12，5： | 22 |
| 2 | 世界卫生组织(WHO)造血与淋巴组织肿瘤分类方案:临床顾问委员会会议报告显示文摘引言 :从 1995年开始 ,欧洲病理学工作者协会和血液病理学会一直致力于制定一个新的世界卫生组织 (WHO)血液恶性肿瘤分类方案 ,该分类方案包括淋巴系肿瘤、髓系肿瘤、组织细胞肿瘤和肥大细胞肿瘤。 材料与方法 :此项 WHO计划共组成十个病理学工作者委员会 ,负责确定病种和作出定义。另外还成立一个由国际血液学家和肿瘤学家组成的临床顾问委员会 (CAC)以保证该分类的临床实用性。 1997年 11月召开会议讨论了与该分类有关的临床问题。 结果 :WHO采纳了 1994年国际淋巴瘤研究组 (IL SG)报告的修订欧美淋巴系肿瘤分类 (REAL)方案作为淋巴系肿瘤的分类方案。该方案的分类方法遵循以下原则 :分类应是联合应用形态学、免疫表型、遗传特征及临床特征能够清楚界定的“真实存在”(“real”)病种的名录 ,上述各项特征的相对重要性因病种不同而异 ,不存在任何“金标准”。 WHO将 REAL分类原则延用于髓系肿瘤和组织细胞肿瘤 ,髓系肿瘤的分类包括联合应用细胞形态学和细胞遗传学异常能够界定的各个病种。围绕一系列临床问题召集的这次 CAC会议 ,就提交的大多数问题达成共识 ,这些问题及共识将详述于下。对于另外一些问题 ,CAC认为淋巴系肿瘤临床分组既无必要也不必需 ,患者的治疗取决于淋巴瘤的具体类型 ,如有? | N L Harris E S Jaffe J Diebold G Flandrin H K Muller-Hermelink J Vardiman T A Lister C D Bloomfield 张凤奎 郝玉书 | 2001 | 白血病.淋巴瘤2001，10，3： | 20 |
| 3 | Necrotizing enterocolitis: A multifactorial disease with no cure显示文摘Necrotizing enterocolitis is an inflammatory bowel disease of neonates with significant morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Due to the multifactorial nature o the disease and limitations in disease models, early diagnosis remains challenging and the pathogenesis elusive. Although preterm birth, hypoxic-ischemic events formula feeding, and abnormal bacteria colonization are established risk factors, the role of genetics and vasoactive/inflammatory mediators is unclear Consequently, treatments do not target the specific underlying disease processes and are symptomatic and surgically invasive. Breast-feeding is the most effective preventative measure. Recent advances in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis have focused on bioactive nutrients and trophic factors in human milk. Developmen of new disease models including the aspect of prematurity that consistently predisposes neonates to the disease with multiple risk factors will improve our understanding of the pathogenesis and lead to discovery of innovative therapeutics. | Kareena L Schnabl John E Van Aerde Alan BR Thomson Michael T Clandinin | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，14： | 19 |
| 4 | 下肢浅静脉治疗术后的加压疗法:美国静脉论坛血管、外科学会、美国静脉学会、血管医学学会和国际静脉联盟的临床实践指南显示文摘一、指南的由来下肢浅静脉治疗术后应用压力治疗的方式是几代血管外科医师多年临床经验积累所得,现主要应用于大隐静脉剥脱术、下肢静脉点状剥脱术及静脉硬化治疗等。目前单就静脉硬化治疗而言,术后压力治疗的推荐也是基于相关文献及实验验证[1],但对于其他术式,尤其是对于大隐静脉的热消融术,目前还没有形成规范统一的建议,这也使得当前的压力治疗具有很大的临床差异性。 | Lurie F Lal BK Antignani PL Blebea J Bush R Caprini J Davies A Forrestal M Jacobowitz G Kalodiki E Killewich L Lohr J Ma H Mosti G Partsch H Rooke T Wakefield T 李丹(译) 陈程浩(译) 牛传强(译) 张靖(译) 黄建忠(译) | 2020 | 中华介入放射学电子杂志2020，8，4： | 16 |
| 5 | 癌胚蛋白Glypican-3鉴别卵黄囊瘤与卵巢透明细胞癌显示文摘 | Esheba G E Pate L L Longacre T A 郎志强(摘译) | 2008 | 临床与实验病理学杂志2008，24，5： | 13 |
| 6 | 酒精摄入、心脏生物标志物和心房颤动风险与不良结局显示文摘酒精摄入和新发心房颤动相关性证据不一,尤其是在低剂量下。该研究评估欧洲队列在整个饮酒范围内酒精摄入、生物标志物和新发心房颤动的关系。方法和结果:在一个以社区为基础的汇集队列中,研究者随访107845人,以评估酒精摄入(酒精种类和饮酒方式)与新发心房颤动的关系。研究者收集经典心血管病危险因素和新发心力衰竭的信息,并检测生物标记物氨基末端脑钠肽前体和高敏肌钙蛋白I。 | 陈嘉睿(译) 练桂丽((审校) Csengeri D Sprünker NA Di Castelnuovo A Niiranen T Vishram-Nielsen JK Costanzo S S derberg S Jensen SM Vartiainen E Donati MB Magnussen C Camen S Gianfagna F L chen ML Kee F Kontto J Mathiesen EB Koenig W Stefan B de Gaetano G J rgensen T Kuulasmaa K Zeller T Salomaa V Iacoviello L Schnabel RB | 2021 | 中华高血压杂志2021，29，2： | 9 |
| 7 | 板块构造机制在显生宙初期发生转变显示文摘虽然目前对于板块构造何时成为主要构造机制存在争议,但是研究者普遍认为在古太古代已经完成转变。元古代时期,哥伦比亚超大陆向罗迪尼亚超大陆的转换,并未发生超大陆的完全裂解和聚合,而是岩石圈和环境的相对稳定期。相比之下,成冰期至今则发育有大量的被动大陆边缘,以及在425~225 Ma期间大幅增加的裂谷和大陆岛弧长度,表明存在与潘吉亚超大陆形成密切相关的激烈板块构造活动。 | 袁超(编译) Brown M Kirkland C L Johnson T E | 2020 | 矿物岩石地球化学通报2020，39，4： | 9 |
| 8 | ConservativeapproachinPeutz-JeghersSyndrome:Single-balloon enteroscopyandsmallbowelpolypectomy显示文摘AIM: To assess the usefulness of the balloon assisted enteroscopy in preventing surgical intervention in pa-tients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) having a small bowel large polyps. METHODS: Seven consecutive asymptomatic pts(age 15-38 years) with PJS have been collected; six under-went polypectomy using single balloon enteroscopy(Olympus SIF Q180) with antegrade approach using push and pull technique. SBE system consists of the SIF-Q180 enteroscope, an overtube balloon control unit(OBCU Olympus Balloon Control Unit) and a dispos-able silicone splinting tube with balloon(ST-SB1). All procedures were performed under general anesthesia. Previously all pts received wireless capsule endos-copy(WCE). Prophylactic polypectomy was reservedmainly in pts who had polyps > 15 mm in diameter. The balloon is inflated and deflated by a balloon control unit with a safety pressure setting range from-6.0 kPa to +5.4 kPa. Informed consent has been obtained from pts or parents for each procedure.RESULTS: Six pts underwent polypectomy of small bowel polyps; in 5 pts a large polyp > 15 mm(range 20-50 mm in diameter) was resected; in 1 patient with WCE negative, SBE was performed for previous surgi-cal resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. In 2 pts endoscopic clips were placed due to a polypectomy. No surgical complication have been reported. SBE with resection of small bowel large polyps in PJS pts was useful to avoid gastrointestinal bleeding and emergency laparotomy due to intestinal intussuscep-tions. No gastrointestinal tumors were found in sub-sequent enteroscopic surveillance in all seven pts. In order surveillance, all pts received WCE, upper en-doscopy, ileocolonoscopy every 2 years. No pts had extraintestinal malignant lesions. SBE was performed when WCE was positive for significant polyps(> 15 mm).CONCLUSION: The effective of prophylactic polyp-ectomy of small bowel large polyps(> 15 mm) could be the first line treatment for conservative approach in management of PJS patients. | Torroni F Romeo E Rea F De Angelis P Foschia F Faraci S Federici di Abriola G Contini AC Caldaro T Dall’Oglio L | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，6，7： | 7 |
| 9 | The hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activates ectopic production of fibroblast growth factor 23 in tumor-induced osteomalacia显示文摘Tumor-induced osteomalacia(TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in which ectopic production of fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23) by non-malignant mesenchymal tumors causes phosphate wasting and bone fractures. Recent studies have implicated the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) in other phosphate wasting disorders caused by elevated FGF23, including X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets and autosomal dominant hypophosphatemia. Here we provide evidence that HIF-1α mediates aberrant FGF23 in TIO by transcriptionally activating its promoter. Immunohistochemical studies in phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors resected from patients with documented TIO showed that HIF-1α and FGF23 were co-localized in spindleshaped cells adjacent to blood vessels. Cultured tumor tissue produced high levels of intact FGF23 and demonstrated increased expression of HIF-1α protein. Transfection of MC3T3-E1 and Saos-2 cells with a HIF-1α expression construct induced the activity of a FGF23 reporter construct. Prior treatment of tumor organ cultures with HIF-1α inhibitors decreased HIF-1α and FGF23 protein accumulation and inhibited HIF-1α-induced luciferase reporter activity in transfected cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed binding to a HIF-1α consensus sequence within the proximal FGF23 promoter, which was eliminated by treatment with a HIF-1α inhibitor. These results show for the first time that HIF-1α is a direct transcriptional activator of FGF23 and suggest that upregulation of HIF-1α activity in TIO contributes to the aberrant FGF23 production in these patients. | Qian Zhang Michele Doucet Ryan E Tomlinson Xiaobin Han L Darryl Quarles Michael T Collins Thomas L Clemens | 2016 | Bone Research2016，4，2： | 6 |
| 10 | Osteoprotegerin: A Novel Secreted Protein Involved in the Regulation of Bone Density显示文摘 | W.S Simonet D.L Lacey C.R Dunstan M Kelley M.-S Chang R Lüthy H.Q Nguyen S Wooden L Bennett T Boone G Shimamoto M DeRose R Elliott A Colombero H.-L Tan G Trail J Sullivan E Davy N Bucay L Renshaw-Gegg T.M Hughes D Hill W Pattison P Campbell S Sander G Van | 1997 | Cell1997，，2： | 6 |
| 11 | Guidelines and Good Clinical Practice Recommendations for Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) - Update 2008显示文摘 | M Claudon D Cosgrove T Albrecht L Bolondi M Bosio F Calliada J.-M Correas K Darge C Dietrich M D’Onofrio D Evans C Filice L Greiner K J?ger N Jong E Leen R Lencioni D Lindsell A Martegani S Meairs C Nols?e F Piscaglia P Ricci G Seidel B Skjoldbye L Solbia | 2008 | Ultraschall in Med2008，，01： | 4 |
| 12 | Efficacy and safety of liquid nitrogen cryotherapy for treatment of Barrett's esophagus显示文摘AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of liquid nitrogen cryotherapy as a primary or rescue treatment for BE,with and without dysplasia,or intramucosal adenocarcinoma (IMC).METHODS This was a retrospective,single-center study carried out in a tertiary care center including 45 patients with BE who was treatment-na?ve or who had persistent intestinal metaplasia(IM),dysplasia,or IMC despite prior therapy.Barrett's mucosa was resected via EMR when clinically appropriate,then patients underwent cryotherapy until eradication or until deemed to have failed treatment.Surveillance biopsies were taken at standard intervals.RESULTS From 2010 through 2014,33 patients were studied regarding the efficacy of cryotherapy.Overall,29 patients (88%) responded to cryotherapy,with 84% having complete regression of all dysplasia and cancer.Complete eradication of cancer and dysplasia was seen in 75% of subjects with IMC; the remaining two subjects did not respond to cryotherapy.Following cryotherapy,15 patients with high-grade dysplasia (HGD) had 30% complete regression,50% IM,and 7% low-grade dysplasia (LGD); one subject had persistent HGD.Complete eradication of dysplasia occurred in all 5 patients with LGD.In 5 patients with IM,complete regression occurred in 4,and IM persisted in one.In 136 cryotherapy sessions amongst 45 patients,adverse events included chest pain (1%),stricture (4%),and one gastrointestinal bleed in a patient on dual antiplatelet therapy who had previously undergone EMR.CONCLUSION Cryotherapy is an efficacious and safe treatment modality for Barrett's esophagus with and without dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma. | Kristen Suchniak-Mussari Charles E Dye Matthew T Moyer Abraham Mathew Thomas J McGarrity Eileen M Gagliardi Jennifer L Maranki John M Levenick | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，9： | 4 |
| 13 | Proposed international clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema disease severity scales显示文摘 | C.P Wilkinson Frederick L Ferris Ronald E Klein Paul P Lee Carl David Agardh Matthew Davis Diana Dills Anselm Kampik R Pararajasegaram Juan T Verdaguer | 2003 | Ophthalmology2003，，9： | 4 |
| 14 | 甘肃中部地区禾谷镰孢的变异研究显示文摘为掌握禾谷镰孢在甘肃中部地区的分布及变异情况,从根部表现有坏死和叶鞘发褐的小麦幼苗的不同部位.小麦地土壤及玉米籽粒.玉米茎秆上分离禾谷镰孢,并以形态学为基础,参照Nelson分类系统进行鉴定.结果表明,在分离到的43个镰刀菌菌株中,有14 个菌株经鉴定为禾谷镰孢,均从玉米茎秆上分离到,小麦根部.小麦叶鞘.小麦地土壤.玉米籽粒中分离到的镰刀菌中未见禾谷镰孢.将禾谷镰孢在特定条件下培养后,发现14 个禾谷镰孢菌株产生子囊壳的数量不同,为2-90个.在以Fg16为引物的PCR 反应中,随机选取的11个禾谷镰孢菌株都产生0.41kb的PCR 产物,而6个对照菌株都产生0.50kb的片段,证明引物Fg16可以区分禾谷镰孢菌株群体的遗传多态性.以Tri13为引物的PCR 反应显示,11个禾谷镰孢菌株以及3 个中国对照菌株都产生脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)毒素,而3个澳大利亚对照菌株产生雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(NIV)毒素. | 李金花 纪莉景 柴兆祥 Knight T E Burgess L W | 2009 | 草业学报2009，18，1： | 3 |
| 15 | Leitlinien für den Gebrauch von Ultraschallkontrastmitteln - Januar 2004显示文摘 | T Albrecht M Blomley L Bolondi M Claudon J.-M Correas D Cosgrove L Greiner K J?ger N Jong E Leen R Lencioni D Lindsell A Martegani L Solbiati L Thorelius F Tranquart H Weskott T Whittingham | 2004 | Ultraschall in Med2004，，04： | 3 |
| 16 | Guidelines and Good Clinical Practice Recommendations for Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) - Update 2008显示文摘 | M Claudon D Cosgrove T Albrecht L Bolondi M Bosio F Calliada J.-M Correas K Darge C Dietrich M D'Onofrio D Evans C Filice L Greiner K J?ger N Jong E Leen R Lencioni D Lindsell A Martegani S Meairs C Nols?e F Piscaglia P Ricci G Seidel B Skjoldbye L Solbia | 2008 | Ultraschall in Med2008，，01： | 3 |
| 17 | Twenty-five years of research on the effects of exercise training in breast cancer survivors:A systematic review of the literature显示文摘AIM:To investigate the role of exercise training the past 25 years on major physiological-psychological outcomes studied thus far in this patient population.METHODS:Pub Med, Medline Plus, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SportD iscus, Embase, Scorpus, and Google Scholar were searched from September to November 2013 to identify exercise training studies that used objective measurements of fitness and/or patient reported outcomes assessed pre and post-exercise training with statistical analyses performed in at least one of the following outcome measurements:Cardiorespiratory function, body composition, muscular strength, fatigue, depression, and overall quality of life. Five reviewers independently identified the studies that met the criteria for the review and discrepancies were resolved by consensus among all authors.RESULTS:Fifty-one studies were included in this review with 5 from the period between 1989-1999, 11 from 2000-2006, and 35 from 2007-2013. The evolution of study designs changed from aerobic only exercise training interventions(1989-1999), to a combination of aerobic and resistance training(2000-2006), to studies including an arm of resistance training or examining the effects of resistance training as the main mode of exercise(2007-2013). Overall, the benefits of exercise showed improvements in cardiorespiratory function, body composition, strength, and patient reported outcomes including fatigue, depression, and quality of life.CONCLUSION:Exercise training appears to be safe for most breast cancer patients and improvements in physiological, psychological, and functional parameters can be attained with regular participation in moderate intensity exercise. | Claudio L Battaglini Robert C Mills Brett L Phillips Jordan T Lee Christina E Story Marcelo GB Nascimento Anthony Carl Hackney | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 3 |
| 18 | Frequent amplification of a chr19q13.41 microRNA polycistron in aggressive primitive neuroectodermal brain tumors显示文摘 | Li M Lee KF Lu Y Clarke I Shih D Eberhart C Collins VP Van Meter T Picard D Zhou L Boutros PC Modena P Liang ML Scherer SW Bouffet E Rutka JT Pomeroy SL Lau CC Taylor MD Gajjar A Dirks PB Hawkins CE Huang A. | 2009 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2009，7，4： | 3 |
| 19 | Battery performance enhancement with additions of bismuth显示文摘 | MANDERS J E LAM L T MARCO R D | 1994 | J Power Sources1994，48，： | 3 |
| 20 | 热应激和低营养摄入对猪肠道完整性和功能的影响显示文摘热应激会损害肠道完整性,并诱发肠渗漏。因此,本试验研究了直接或间接热应激(通过减少采食量)对生长猪肠道通透性的影响。选用体重(43±4)kg的杂交后备母猪(n=48),分别安置在以下控制环境中:热中性(TN)环境(20℃,湿度35%~50%,自由采食)、热应激(HS)环境(35℃,湿度20%~35%,自由采食)、热中性环境配对饲喂(PFTN,以消除不同采食量的交互影响)。第1、3、7天使猪只安乐死,采集的空肠样品被安装到尤式灌流室,测定跨膜电阻抗值(TER)和异硫氰基荧光标记的脂多糖(LPS)渗透性(APP,表示为表观渗透系数)。此外,评估肠道完整性以及应激基因和蛋白标志物。结果表明,不考虑热应激天数,HS组与TN组猪相比,血浆内毒素水平增加45%(P〈0.05),空肠TER降低30%(P〈0.05),LPS渗透率增加2倍(P〈0.01)。此外,与PFTN组相比,HS组第7天的猪LPS渗透性有增加的趋势(P=0.06)。整个试验阶段HS组溶菌酶和碱性磷酸酶活性下降,分别下降46%和59%(P〈0.05);然而,3 d和7 d空肠免疫细胞标记物——髓过氧化物酶活性增加(P〈0.05)。由此可见,热应激和减少采食量都会降低肠道完整性,并增加内毒素渗透性。推测这可能会导致炎症加重,在炎热的夏季可能是导致猪生长性能降低的原因。 | Pearce S C Mani V Weber T E Rhoads R P Patience J F Baumgard L H Gabler N K | 2016 | 中国饲料2016，，3： | 3 |
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