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| 1 | 经颅多普勒超声(TCD)的实践标准——第2部分:临床适应证和预期结果显示文摘引言:经颅多普勒(transcranial Doppler,TCD)已被证实为一种安全有效的生理学超声检查技术。尽管成像设备可以在结构影像的基础上显示颅内血流,但成像性双功能超声或非成像性TCD检查提供的最终结果是通过频谱波形来评价生理学血流参数。总结概要:多学科专家小组确定的TCD临床适应证包括:镰状细胞病、恼缺血、右向左分流(right—to—left shunt,RLS)、蛛网膜下腔出血、脑死亡以及围手术期或术中监测。TCD检查可常规应用于住院或门诊患者的一些临床实践活动:通过完整或部分TCD检查以检测正常、狭窄或闭塞的颅内血管和侧支循环来判断动脉闭塞位置,并进一步完善颈动脉超声或无创性血管造影结果;通过血管运动反应性检查来识别首发或复发性卒中的高危患者;通过栓子监测对脑栓塞进行实时检查、定位和量化;在怀疑反常性栓塞或考虑分流封堵术治疗的患者中进行RLS检测;对溶栓治疗进行监测以促进血管再通和检测再闭塞;在血管内支架置入术、颈动脉内膜切除术和心脏外科手术中进行监测以发现围手术期栓塞、血栓形成、低灌注或高灌注。结论:通过界定实践范围,这些标准将在TCD检查的申请、检查和评价过程中给开申请单的医生、发报告的医生以及第三方提供帮助。 | Andrei V. Alexandrov Michael A. Sloan Charles H. Tegeler David N. Newell Alan Lumsden Zsolt Garami Christopher R. Levy Lawrence K.S. Wong Colleen Douville Manfred Kaps 李海峰(译) 李宏(译) 李展秀(译) | 2012 | 国际脑血管病杂志2012，20，1： | 28 |
| 2 | Methylation-dependent loss of RIP3 expression in cancer represses programmed necrosis in response to chemotherapeutics显示文摘交往受体的蛋白质 kinase-3 (RIP3 或 RIPK3 ) 是执行 “ 的细胞的机械的必要部分; programmed”或 “ regulated”坏死。这里,我们证明那规划坏死响应许多化学疗法的代理人被激活并且贡献导致化疗的房间死亡。然而,我们证明那 RIP3 表情经常在化学疗法的死亡期间由于它的 transcriptional 开始地点, MLKL 的这样 RIP3 依赖的激活和下游地规划的坏死附近的 genomic methylation 是在癌症房间的 silenced 大部分被镇压。不过,有 hypomethylating 代理人的治疗恢复 RIP3 表示,并且从而以一种 RIP3 依赖的方式把敏感提升到 chemotherapeutics。RIP3 表示在 85% 乳癌病人与正常织物相比在肿瘤被减少,建议那 RIP3 缺乏断然在肿瘤生长 / 发展期间被选择。因为 hypomethylating 代理人在病人是相当容忍得好的,我们建议病人们可以从收到 hypomethylating 代理人与常规 chemotherapeutics 在治疗以前导致 RIP3 表示有益于的那 RIP3 缺乏的癌症。 | Gi-Bang Koo Michael J Morgan Da-Gyum Lee Woo-Jung Kim Jung-Ho Yoon Ja Seung Koo Seung I1 Kim Soo Jung Kim Mi Kwon Son Soon Still Hong Jean M Mulcahy Levy Daniel A Pollyea Craig T Jordan Pearlly Yan David Frankhouser Deedra Nicolet Kati Maharry Guido Marcucci Kyeong Sook Choi Hyeseong Cho ndrew Thorbum You-Sun Kim | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，6： | 20 |
| 3 | Advanced endoscopic imaging of indeterminate biliary strictures显示文摘Endoscopic evaluation of indeterminate biliary stric-tures(IDBSs) has evolved considerably since the development of flexible fiberoptic endoscopes over 50 years ago. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography pancreatography(ERCP) was introduced nearly a decade later and has since become the mainstay of therapy for relieving obstruction of the biliary tract. However, longstanding methods of ERCP-guided tissue acquisition(i.e., biliary brushings for cytology and intraductal forceps biopsy for histology) have demon-strated disappointing performance characteristics in distinguishing malignant from benign etiologies of IDBSs. The limitations of these methods have thus helped drive the search for novel techniques to enhance the evaluation of IDBSs and thereby improve diagnosis and clinical care. These modalities include, but are not limited to, endoscopic ultrasound, intraductal ultrasound, cholangioscopy, confocal endomicroscopy, and optical coherence tomography. In this review, we discuss established and emerging options in the evaluation of IDBSs. | James H Tabibian Kavel H Visrodia Michael J Levy Christopher J Gostout | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，18： | 6 |
| 4 | Role of endoscopic ultrasound during hospitalization for acute pancreatitis显示文摘Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)is often used to detect the cause of acute pancreatitis(AP)after the acute attack has subsided.The limited data on its role during hospitalization for AP are reviewed here.The ability of EUS to visualize the pancreas and bile duct,the sonographic appearance of the pancreas,correlation of such appearance to clinical outcomes and the impact on AP management are analyzed from studies.The most important indication for EUS appears to be for detection of suspected common bile duct and/or gall bladder stones and microlithiasis.Such an approach might avoid diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography with its known complications.The use of EUS during hospitalization for AP still appears to be infrequent but may become more frequent in future. | Vikram Kotwal Rupjyoti Talukdar Michael Levy Santhi Swaroop Vege | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，39： | 6 |
| 5 | Mesenchymal VEGFA induces aberrant differentiation in heterotopic ossification显示文摘Heterotopic ossification(HO)is a debilitating condition characterized by the pathologic formation of ectopic bone.HO occurs commonly following orthopedic surgeries,burns,and neurologic injuries.While surgical excision may provide palliation,the procedure is often burdened with significant intra-operative blood loss due to a more robust contribution of blood supply to the pathologic bone than to native bone.Based on these clinical observations,we set out to examine the role of vascular signaling in HO.Vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)has previously been shown to be a crucial pro-angiogenic and pro-osteogenic cue during normal bone development and homeostasis.Our findings,using a validated mouse model of HO,demonstrate that HO lesions are highly vascular,and that VEGFA is critical to ectopic bone formation,despite lacking a contribution of endothelial cells within the developing anlagen. | Charles Hwang Simone Marini Amanda KHuber David MStepien Michael Sorkin Shawn Loder Chase APagani John Li Noelle DVisser Kaetlin Vasquez Mohamed AGarada Shuli Li Jiajia Xu Ching-Yun Hsu Paul BYu Aaron WJames Yuji Mishina Shailesh Agarwal Jun Li Benjamin Levi | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，4： | 4 |
| 6 | Dexamethasone mediates protection against acute pancreatitis via upregulation of pancreatitis-associated proteins显示文摘AIM: To examine the influence of dexamethasone on pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) gene expression using both in vitro and in vivo models of acute pancreati- tis and to study how PAP gene expression correlates with severity of pancreatitis. METHODS: In vitro, IL-6 stimulated pancreas acinar AR42J cells were cultured with increasing concentrations of dexamethasone and assayed for PAP expression (RT-PCR). In vivo , pancreatitis was induced in rats by retrograde injection of 40 g/L taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Animals were pretreated with dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) daily or saline for 4 d. Pancreata and serum were harvested after 24 h and gene expression levels of PAPⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were measured by RT-PCR. Severity of pancreatitis was based on serum amylase, pancreatic wet weight, and histopathological score. RESULTS: In vitro, dexamethasone and IL-6 induced a marked transcription of PAPⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ genes in AR42J cells at 24 h (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). In vivo, pancreas mRNA levels of PAPⅠ, Ⅱ or Ⅲ increased by 2.6-fold, 1.9-fold, and 1.3-fold respectively after dexa- methasone treatment, compared with saline treated ani- mals. Serum amylase levels and edema were significantly lower in the dexamethasone group compared with the saline group. Histopathologic evaluation revealed less inflammation and necrosis in pancreata obtained from dexamethasone treated animals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone significantly decreases the severity of pancreatitis. The protective mechanism ofdexamethasone may be via upregulating PAP gene ex- pression during injury. | Emad Kandil Yin-Yao Lin Martin H Bluth Hong Zhang Gabriel Levi Michael E Zenilman | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，42： | 3 |
| 7 | Global Estimates of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations from Satellite-Based Aerosol Optical Depth: Development and Application显示文摘 | van Donkelaar Aaron Martin Randall V Brauer Michael Kahn Ralph Levy Robert Verduzco Carolyn Villeneuve Paul J | 2010 | Environmental Health Perspectives2010，，6： | 3 |
| 8 | Differences in Clinical Profile and Relapse Rate of Type 1 Versus Type 2 Autoimmune Pancreatitis显示文摘 | Raghuwansh P. Sah Suresh T. Chari Rahul Pannala Aravind Sugumar Jonathan E. Clain Michael J. Levy Randall K. Pearson Thomas C. Smyrk Bret T. Petersen Mark D. Topazian Naoki Takahashi Michael B. Farnell Santhi S. Vege | 2010 | Gastroenterology2010，，1： | 3 |
| 9 | 一种房颤风险评分系统的建立(Framingham心脏研究):基于社区的队列研究显示文摘背景房颤导致了发病率和病死率的显著上升。本研究旨在建立一种预测个体罹患房颤绝对风险的风险评分系统,并提供研究人员评价新危险因素的流程。方法作者评估了Framingham心脏研究中于1968年6月至1987年9月间进行了8044次检测的4764例参与者(55%为女性,年龄45~95岁)。此后,参与者被随访至房颤首发,随访期最长达10年。多变量Coxi回归确认出1(1年内罹患房颤的临床危险因素。次级分析纳入了常规超声心动图检测指标(5152例4参与者,7156次检测)对房颤风险进行再分层评估,并评价超声检测指标能否提高风险预测能力。结果4764例参与者中的457例4(10%)罹患房颤。年龄、性别、体重指数、收缩压、降压治疗、PR间期、有临床意义的心脏杂音及心力衰竭与房颤相关,并被纳入了风险评分模型(除体重指数P=0.08外,其余均为P〈0.05),模型的C统计量为0.78(95%CI0.76~0.80)。10年房颤风险随年龄变化:年龄〈65岁的人群中53例(1%)风险高于15%,而〉65岁的人群中为783例(27%)。为提高预测能力而纳入超声检测指标仅使模型C统计量略微增高,由0.78(95%C10.75~0.80)增至0.79(95%CI0.77~0.82:P=0.005)。超声心动图检测指标并不能改善风险再分层评估(P=0.18)。结论基于社区医疗中易得的临床因素建立的风险评分系统,有助于确认社区个体罹患房颤的风险,评估技术或标志物能否改善风险预测,以及针对高危个体采取预防措施。 | Renate B Schnabel Lisa M Sullivan Daniel Levy Michael J Pencina Joseph M Massaro Ralph B D'Agostino Sr Christopher Newton-Cheh Jennifer F Yamamoto Jared W Magnani Thomas M Tadros William B Kannel Thomas J Wang Patrick T Ellinor Philip A Wolf Ramachanclran S Vasan Emelia J Benjamin 黄刚(译) | 2009 | 世界临床医学2009，，9： | 2 |
| 10 | Psychosocial mechanisms for the transmission of somatic symptoms from parents to children显示文摘AIM: To examine familial aggregation of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) via parental reinforcement/modeling of symptoms, coping, psychological distress, and exposure to stress.METHODS:Mothers of children between the ages of8 and 15 years with and without IBS were identified through the Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound.Mothers completed questionnaires,including the Child Behavior Checklist(child psychological distress),the Family Inventory of Life Events(family exposure to stress),SCL-90R(mother psychological distress),and the Pain Response Inventory(beliefs about pain).Children were interviewed separately from their parents and completed the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire(beliefs about pain),Pain Response Inventory(coping)and Child Symptom Checklist[gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms].In addition,health care utilization data was obtained from the automated database of Group Health Cooperative.Mothers with IBS(n=207)and their 296 children were compared to 240 control mothers and their 335 children,while controlling for age and education.RESULTS:Hypothesis 1:reinforcement of expression of GI problems is only related to GI symptoms,but not others(cold symptoms)in children.There was no significant correlation between parental reinforcement of symptoms and child expression of GI or other symptoms.Hypothesis 2:modeling of GI symptomsis related to GI but not non-GI symptom reporting in children.Children of parents with IBS reported more non-GI(8.97 vs 6.70,P<0.01)as well as more GI(3.24 vs 2.27,P<0.01)symptoms.Total health care visits made by the mother correlated with visits made by the child(rho=0.35,P<0.001 for cases,rho=0.26,P<0.001 for controls).Hypothesis 3:children learn to share the methods of coping with illness that their mothers exhibit.Methods used by children to cope with stomachaches differed from methods used by their mothers.Only 2/16 scales showed weak but significant correlations(stoicism rho=0.13,P<0.05;acceptance rho=0.13,P<0.05).Hypothesis 4:mothers and children share psychological traits such as anxiety,depression,and somatization.Child psychological distress correlated with mother’s psychological distress(rho=0.41,P<0.001 for cases,rho=0.38,P<0.001 for controls).Hypothesis 5:stress that affects the whole family might explain the similarities between mothers and their children.Family exposure to stress was not a significant predictor of children’s symptom reports.Hypothesis 6:the intergenerational transmission of GI illness behavior may be due to multiple mechanisms.Regression analysis identified multiple independent predictors of the child’s GI complaints,which were similar to the predictors of the child’s non-GI symptoms(mother’s IBS status,child psychological symptoms,child catastrophizing,and child age).CONCLUSION:Multiple factors influence the reporting of children’s gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal symptoms.The clustering of illness within families is best understood using a model that incorporates all these factors. | Miranda AL van Tilburg Rona L Levy Lynn S Walker Michael Von Korff Lauren D Feld Michelle Garner Andrew D Feld William E Whitehead | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 2 |
| 11 | Histologic and Imaging Features of Mural Nodules in Mucinous Pancreatic Cysts显示文摘 | Ning Zhong Lizhi Zhang Naoki Takahashi Vladislav Shalmiyev Marcia Irene Canto Jonathan E. Clain John C. Deutsch John DeWitt Mohamad A. Eloubeidi Ferga C. Gleeson Michael J. Levy Shawn Mallery Massimo Raimondo Elizabeth Rajan Tyler Stevens Mark Topazian | 2012 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2012，，2： | 2 |
| 12 | Treatment of relapsing autoimmune pancreatitis with immunomodulators and rituximab: the Mayo Clinic experience显示文摘 | Phil A Hart Mark D Topazian Thomas E Witzig Jonathan E Clain Ferga C Gleeson Robin R Klebig Michael J Levy Randall K Pearson Bret T Petersen Thomas C Smyrk Aravind Sugumar Naoki Takahashi Santhi S Vege Suresh T Chari | 2013 | Gut2013，，11： | 2 |
| 13 | Treatment of relapsing autoimmune pancreatitis with immunomodulators and rituximab: the Mayo Clinic experience显示文摘 | Phil A Hart Mark D Topazian Thomas E Witzig Jonathan E Clain Ferga C Gleeson Robin R Klebig Michael J Levy Randall K Pearson Bret T Petersen Thomas C Smyrk Aravind Sugumar Naoki Takahashi Santhi S Vege Suresh T Chari | 2013 | Gut2013，，11： | 2 |
| 14 | RalB GTPase-Mediated Activation of the IκB Family Kinase TBK1 Couples Innate Immune Signaling to Tumor Cell Survival显示文摘 | Yuchen Chien Sungchan Kim Ron Bumeister Yueh-Ming Loo Sung Won Kwon Cynthia L. Johnson Mirey G. Balakireva Yves Romeo Levy Kopelovich Michael Gale Charles Yeaman Jacques H. Camonis Yingming Zhao Michael A. White | 2006 | Cell2006，，1： | 2 |
| 15 | AFLOW-XtalFinder:a reliable choice to identify crystalline prototypes显示文摘The accelerated growth rate of repository entries in crystallographic databases makes it arduous to identify and classify their prototype structures.The open-source AFLOW-XtalFinder package was developed to solve this problem.It symbolically maps structures into standard designations following the AFLOW Prototype Encyclopedia and calculates the internal degrees of freedom consistent with the International Tables for Crystallography.To ensure uniqueness,structures are analyzed and compared via symmetry,local atomic geometries,and crystal mapping techniques,simultaneously grouping them by similarity.The software(i)distinguishes distinct crystal prototypes and atom decorations,(ii)determines equivalent spin configurations,(iii)reveals compounds with similar properties,and(iv)guides the discovery of unexplored materials.The operations are accessible through a Python module ready for workflows,and through command line syntax.All the 4+million compounds in the AFLOW.org repositories are mapped to their ideal prototype,allowing users to search database entries via symbolic structure-type.Furthermore,15,000 unique structures—sorted by prevalence—are extracted from the AFLOW-ICSD catalog to serve as future prototypes in the Encyclopedia. | David Hicks Cormac Toher Denise CFord Frisco Rose Carlo De Santo Ohad Levy Michael J.Mehl Stefano Curtarolo | 2021 | npj Computational Materials2021，，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty balloons for endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct interventions显示文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided main pancreatic duct(PD)access may be used when conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)techniques fail.The use of a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty balloon(PTAB),originally developed for vascular interventions,can be used to facilitate transmural(e.g.,transgastric)PD access and to dilate high-grade pancreatic strictures.AIM To describe the technique,efficacy,and safety of PTABs for EUS-guided PD interventions.METHODS Patients who underwent EUS with use of a PTAB from March 2011 to August 2021 were retrospectively identified from a tertiary care medical center supply database.PTABs included 3-4 French angioplasty catheters with 3-4 mm balloons designed to use over a 0.018-inch guidewire.The primary outcome was technical success.Secondary outcomes included incidence of adverse events(AEs)and need for early reintervention.RESULTS A total of 23 patients were identified(48%female,mean age 55.8 years).Chronic pancreatitis was the underlying etiology in 13(56.5%)patients,surgically altered anatomy(SAA)with stricture in 7(30.4%),and SAA with post-operative leak in 3(13.0%).Technical success was achieved in 20(87%)cases.Overall AE rate was 26%(n=6).All AEs were mild and included 1 pancreatic duct leak,2 cases of post-procedure pancreatitis,and 3 admissions for post-procedural pain.No patients required early re-intervention.CONCLUSION EUS-guided use of PTABs for PD access and/or stricture management is feasible with an acceptable safety profile and can be considered in patients when conventional ERCP cannulation fails. | Jad P AbiMansour Barham K Abu Dayyeh Michael J Levy Andrew C Storm John A Martin Bret T Petersen Ryan J Law Mark D Topazian Vinay Chandrasekhara | 2022 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2022，14，8： | 2 |
| 17 | Widespread genetic heterogeneity in multiple myeloma: implications for targeted therapy显示文摘 | Jens G. Lohr Petar Stojanov Scott L. Carter Peter Cruz-Gordillo Michael S. Lawrence Daniel Auclair Carrie Sougnez Birgit Knoechel Joshua Gould Gordon Saksena Kristian Cibulskis Aaron McKenna Michael A. Chapman Ravid Straussman Joan Levy Louise M. Perkins | 2013 | Cancer Cell2013，，： | 2 |
| 18 | End-stage renal disease is associated with increased post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography adverse events in hospitalized patients显示文摘AIM To determine if end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a risk factor for post endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) adverse events (AEs). METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2011-2013. We identified adult patients who underwent ERCP using the International Classification of Diseases 9^(th) Revision (ICD-9-CM). Included patients were divided into three groups: ESRD, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and control. The primary outcome was post-ERCP AEs including pancreatitis, bleeding, and perforation determined based on specific ICD-9-CM codes. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and admission cost. AEs and mortality were compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS There were 492175 discharges that underwent ERCP during the 3 years. The ESRD and CKD groups contained 7347 and 39403 hospitalizations respectively, whereas the control group had 445424 hospitalizations. Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) was significantly higher in the ESRD group (8.3%) compared to the control group (4.6%) with adjusted odd ratio (aOR) = 1.7 (95% CI: 1.4-2.1, ~aP < 0.001). ESRD was associated with significantly higher ERCP-related bleeding (5.1%) compared to the control group 1.5% (aOR = 1.86, 95%CI: 1.4-2.4, ~aP < 0.001). ESRD had increased hospital mortality 7.1% vs 1.15% in the control OR = 6.6 (95%CI: 5.3-8.2, ~aP < 0.001), longer hospital stay with adjusted mean difference (aMD) = 5.9 d (95% CI: 5.0-6.7 d, ~aP < 0.001) and higher hospitalization charges aMD = $+82064 (95%CI: $68221-$95906, ~aP < 0.001). CONCLUSION ESRD is a risk factor for post-ERCP AEs and is associated with higher hospital mortality. Careful selection and close monitoring is warranted to improve outcomes. | Tarek Sawas Fateh Bazerbachi Samir Haffar Won K Cho Michael J Levy John A Martin Bret T Petersen Mark D Topazian Vinay Chandrasekhara Barham K Abu Dayyeh | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，41： | 2 |
| 19 | Comparison of Positron Emission Tomography, Computed Tomography, and Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Initial Staging of Patients with Esophageal Cancer显示文摘 | Val J. Lowe Fargol Booya J. G. Fletcher Mark Nathan Eric Jensen Brian Mullan Eric Rohren Maurits J. Wiersema Enrique Vazquez-Sequeiros Joseph A. Murray Mark S. Allen Michael J. Levy Jonathan E. Clain | 2005 | Molecular Imaging and Biology2005，，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Fluocinolone Acetonide Intravitreal Implant for Diabetic Macular Edema: A 3-Year Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial显示文摘 | P. Andrew Pearson Timothy L. Comstock Michael Ip David Callanan Lawrence S. Morse Paul Ashton Brian Levy Eric S. Mann Dean Eliott | 2011 | Ophthalmology2011，，8： | 2 |
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