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| 1 | Portal vein thrombosis:Insight into physiopathology,diagnosis,and treatment显示文摘Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a relatively common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis, but might also occur in absence of an overt liver disease. Several causes, either local or systemic, might play an important role in PVT pathogenesis. Frequently, more than one risk factor could be identified; however, occasionally no single factor is discernable. Clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and imaging are helpful to provide a quick diagnosis, as prompt treatment might greatly affect a patient's outcome. In this review, we analyze the physiopathological mechanisms of PVT development, together with the hemodynamic and functional alterations related to this condition. Moreover, we describe the principal factors most frequently involved in PVT development and the recent knowledge concerning diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Finally, we analyze the implications of PVT in the setting of liver transplantation and its possible influence on patients' future prognoses. | Francesca R Ponziani Maria A Zocco Chiara Campanale Emanuele Rinninella Annalisa Tortora Luca Di Maurizio Giuseppe Bombardieri Raimondo De Cristofaro Anna M De Gaetano Raffaele Landolfi Antonio Gasbarrini | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，2： | 75 |
| 2 | Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus dual infection显示文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)share common mode of transmission and both are able to induce a chronic infection.Dual HBV/HCV chronic coinfection is a fairly frequent occurrence,especially in high endemic areas and among individuals at high risk of parenterally transmitted infections.The intracellular interplay between HBV and HCV has not yet been sufficiently clarified,also due to the lack of a proper in vitro cellular model.Longitudinal evaluation of serum HBV DNA and HCV RNA amounts has revealed that complex virological profiles may be present in coinfected patients.Dual HBV/HCV infection has been associated to a severe course of the liver disease and to a high risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma.Despite the clinical importance,solid evidence and clear guidelines for treatment of this special population are still lacking.This review summarizes the available data on the virological and clinical features as well as the therapeutic options of the dual HBV/HCV infection,and highlights the aspects that need to be better clarified. | Gaia Caccamo Francesca Saffioti Giovanni Raimondo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，40： | 18 |
| 3 | Haemostatic system in inflammatory bowel diseases:New players in gut inflammation显示文摘Inflammation and coagulation constantly influence each other and are constantly in balance.Emerging evidence supports this statement in acute inflammatory diseases,such as sepsis,but it also seems to be very important in chronic inflammatory settings,such as inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of thromboembolic events,and several abnormalities concerning coagulation components occur in the endothelial cells of intestinal vessels,where most severe inflammatory abnormalities occur.The aims of this review are to update and classify the type of coagulation system abnormalities in IBD,and analyze the strict and delicate balance between coagulation and inflammation at the mucosal level.Recent studies on possible therapeutic applications arising from investigations on coagulation abnormalities associated with IBD pathogenesis will also be briefly presented and critically reviewed. | Franco Scaldaferri Stefano Lancellotti Marco Pizzoferrato Raimondo De Cristofaro | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，5： | 16 |
| 4 | Inflammation in irritable bowel syndrome:Myth or newtreatment target?显示文摘Low-grade intestinal inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), and this role is likely to be multifactorial. The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence on the spectrum of mucosal inflammation in IBS, highlighting the relationship of this inflammation to the pathophysiology of IBS and its connection to clinical practice. We carried out a bibliographic search in Medline and the Cochrane Library for the period of January 1966 to December 2014, focusing on publications describing an interaction between inflammation and IBS. Several evidences demonstrate microscopic and molecular abnormalities in IBS patients. Understanding the mechanisms underlying low-grade inflammation in IBS may help to design clinical trials to test the efficacy and safety of drugs that target this pathophysiologic mechanism. | Emanuele Sinagra Giancarlo Pompei Giovanni Tomasello Francesco Cappello Gaetano Cristian Morreale Georgios Amvrosiadis Francesca Rossi Attilio Ignazio Lo Monte Aroldo Gabriele Rizzo Dario Raimondo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，7： | 16 |
| 5 | New therapeutic perspectives in irritable bowel syndrome: Targeting low-grade inflammation, immuno-neuroendocrine axis, motility, secretion and beyond显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a chronic,recurring,and remitting functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by abdominal pain,distention,and changes in bowel habits.Although there are several drugs for IBS,effective and approved treatments for one or more of the symptoms for various IBS subtypes are needed.Improved understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms such as the role of impaired bile acid metabolism,neurohormonal regulation,immune dysfunction,the epithelial barrier and the secretory properties of the gut has led to advancements in the treatment of IBS.With regards to therapies for restoring intestinal permeability,multiple studies with prebiotics and probiotics are ongoing,even if to date their efficacy has been limited.In parallel,much progress has been made in targeting low-grade inflammation,especially through the introduction of drugs such as mesalazine and rifaximin,even if a better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the low-grade inflammation in IBS may allow the design of clinical trials that test the efficacy and safety of such drugs.This literature review aims to summarize the findings related to new and investigational therapeutic agents for IBS,most recently developed in preclinical as well as Phase 1 and Phase 2clinical studies. | Emanuele Sinagra Gaetano Cristian Morreale Ghazaleh Mohammadian Giorgio Fusco Valentina Guarnotta Giovanni Tomasello Francesco Cappello Francesca Rossi Georgios Amvrosiadis Dario Raimondo | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，36： | 14 |
| 6 | Endoscopic features of gastro-intestinal lymphomas: From diagnosis to follow-up显示文摘Many progresses have been done in the management of gastrointestinal(GI) lymphomas during last decades, especially after the discovery of Helicobacter pylori-dependent lymphoma development. The stepwise implementation of new endoscopic techniques, by means of echoendoscopy or double-balloon enteroscopy, enabled us to more precisely describe the endoscopic features of GI lymphomas with substantial contribution in patient management and in tailoring the treatment strategy with organ preserving approaches. In this review, we describe the recent progresses in GI lymphoma management from disease diagnosis to follow-up with a specific focus on the endoscopic presentation according to the involved site and the lymphoma subtype. Additionally, new or emerging endoscopic technologies that have an impact on the management of gastrointestinal lymphomas are reported. We here discuss the two most common subtypes of GI lymphomas: the mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue and the diffuse large B cell lymphoma. A general outline on the state-of-the-art of the disease and on the role of endoscopy in both diagnosis and follow-up will be performed. | Calogero Vetro Alessandra Romano Irene Amico Concetta Conticello Giovanna Motta Amalia Figuera Annalisa Chiarenza Cosimo Di Raimondo Giorgio Giulietti Giacomo Bonanno Giuseppe Alberto Palumbo Francesco Di Raimondo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，36： | 10 |
| 7 | Control of cccDNA function in hepatitis B virus infection显示文摘 | Massimo Levrero Teresa Pollicino Jorg Petersen Laura Belloni Giovanni Raimondo Maura Dandri | 2009 | Journal of Hepatology2009，，3： | 8 |
| 8 | Statements from the Taormina expert meeting on occult hepatitis B virus infection显示文摘 | Giovanni Raimondo Jean-Pierre Allain Maurizia R. Brunetto Marie-Annick Buendia Ding-Shinn Chen Massimo Colombo Antonio Craxì Francesco Donato Carlo Ferrari Giovanni B. Gaeta Wolfram H. Gerlich Massimo Levrero Stephen Locarnini Thomas Michalak Mario U. Mon | 2008 | Journal of Hepatology2008，，4： | 5 |
| 9 | Thrombotic risk factors in patients with liver cirrhosis: Correlation with MELD scoring system and portal vein thrombosis development显示文摘 | Maria Assunta Zocco Enrico Di Stasio Raimondo De Cristofaro Marialuisa Novi Maria Elena Ainora Francesca Ponziani Laura Riccardi Stefano Lancellotti Angelo Santoliquido Roberto Flore Maurizio Pompili Gian Lodovico Rapaccini Paolo Tondi Giovanni Battista G | 2009 | Journal of Hepatology2009，，4： | 5 |
| 10 | Occult HBV infection显示文摘 | Giovanni Raimondo Gaia Caccamo Roberto Filomia Teresa Pollicino | 2013 | Seminars in Immunopathology2013，，1： | 4 |
| 11 | Rare gastrointestinal lymphomas: the endoscopic investigation显示文摘Gastrointestinal lymphomas represent up to 10%of gastrointestinal malignancies and about one third of nonHodgkin lymphomas.The most prominent histologies are mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.However,the gastrointestinal tract can be the site of rarer lymphoma subtypes as a primary or secondary localization.Due to their rarity and the multifaceted histology,an endoscopic classification has not been validated yet.This review aims to analyze the endoscopic presentation of rare gastrointestinal lymphomas from disease diagnosis to follow-up,according to the involved site and lymphoma subtype.Existing,new and emerging endoscopic technologies have been examined.In particular,we investigated the diagnostic,prognostic and follow-up endoscopic features of T-cell and natural killer lymphomas,lymphomatous polyposis and mantle cell lymphoma,follicular lymphoma,plasma cell related disease,gastrointestinal lymphomas in immunodeficiency and Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract.Contrarily to more frequent gastrointestinal lymphomas,data about rare lymphomas are mostly extracted from case series and case reports.Due to the data paucity,a synergism between gastroenterologists and hematologists is required inorder to better manage the disease.Indeed,clinical and prognostic features are different from nodal and extranodal or the bone marrow(in case of plasma cell disease)counterpart.Therefore,the approach should be based on the knowledge of the peculiar behavior and natural history of disease. | Calogero Vetro Giacomo Bonanno Giorgio Giulietti Alessandra Romano Concetta Conticello Annalisa Chiarenza Paolo Spina Francesco Coppolino Rosario Cunsolo Francesco Di Raimondo | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，10： | 4 |
| 12 | Occult hepatitis B virus infection显示文摘 | Giovanni Raimondo Teresa Pollicino Irene Cacciola Giovanni Squadrito | 2006 | Journal of Hepatology2006，，1： | 3 |
| 13 | Role of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral nerve injury显示文摘Inflammatory events occurring in the distal part of an injured peripheral nerve have, nowadays, a great resonance. Investigating the timing of action of the several cytokines in the important stages of Wallerian degeneration helps to understand the regenerative process and design pharmacologic intervention that promotes and expedites recovery. The complex and synergistic action of inflammatory cytokines finally promotes axonal regeneration. Cytokines can be divided into pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines that upregulate and downregulate, respectively, the production of inflammatory mediators. While pro-inflammatory cytokines are expressed in the first phase of Wallerian degeneration and promote the recruitment of macrophages, anti-inflammatory cytokines are expressed after this recruitment and downregulate the production of all cytokines, thus determining the end of the process. In this review, we describe the major inflammatory cytokines involved in Wallerian degeneration and the early phases of nerve regeneration. In particular, we focus on interleukin-1, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-β, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β. | Federica Fregnan Luisa Muratori Anabel Rodriguez Simǒes Maria Giuseppina Giacobini-Robecchi Stefania Raimondo | 2012 | Neural Regeneration Research2012，7，29： | 3 |
| 14 | Hepatitis B virus PreS/S gene variants: Pathobiology and clinical implications显示文摘 | Teresa Pollicino Irene Cacciola Francesca Saffioti Giovanni Raimondo | 2014 | Journal of Hepatology2014，，： | 3 |
| 15 | Role of endosonography in non-malignant pancreatic diseases显示文摘Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has emerged as a valuable tool in the evaluation of benign and malignant pancreatic diseases. The ability to obtain high quality images and perform fine-needle aspiration (FNA) has led EUS to become the diagnostic test of choice when evaluating the pancreas. This article will review the role of EUS in benign pancreatic diseases. | Kyung W Noh Surakit Pungpapong Massimo Raimondo | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，2： | 3 |
| 16 | Total pancreatectomy: Short- and long-term outcomes at a high-volume pancreas center显示文摘AIM To identify the current indications and outcomes of total pancreatectomy at a high-volume center. METHODS A single institutional retrospective study of patients undergoing total pancreatectomy from 1995 to 2014 was performed.RESULTS One hundred and three patients underwent totalpancreatectomy for indications including: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(n = 42, 40.8%), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(n = 40, 38.8%), chronic pancreatitis(n = 8, 7.8%), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(n = 7, 6.8%), and miscellaneous(n = 6, 5.8%). The mean age was 66.2 years, and 59(57.3%) were female. Twenty-four patients(23.3%) underwent a laparoscopic total pancreatectomy. Splenic preservation and portal vein resection and reconstruction were performed in 24(23.3%) and 18 patients(17.5%), respectively. The 90 d major complications, readmission, and mortality rates were 32%, 17.5%, and 6.8% respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year survival for patients with benign indications were 84%, 82%, 79.5%, and 75.9%, and for malignant indications were 64%, 40.4%, 34.7% and 30.9%, respectively.CONCLUSION Total pancreatectomy, including laparoscopic total pancreatectomy, appears to be an appropriate option for selected patients when treated at a high-volume pancreatic center and through a multispecialty approach. | Hazem M Zakaria John A Stauffer Massimo Raimondo Timothy A Woodward Michael B Wallace Horacio J Asbun | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，9： | 3 |
| 17 | Histologic and Imaging Features of Mural Nodules in Mucinous Pancreatic Cysts显示文摘 | Ning Zhong Lizhi Zhang Naoki Takahashi Vladislav Shalmiyev Marcia Irene Canto Jonathan E. Clain John C. Deutsch John DeWitt Mohamad A. Eloubeidi Ferga C. Gleeson Michael J. Levy Shawn Mallery Massimo Raimondo Elizabeth Rajan Tyler Stevens Mark Topazian | 2012 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2012，，2： | 2 |
| 18 | IFN-[alpha] inhibits HBV transcription and replication in cell culture and in humanized mice by targeting the epigenetic regulation of the nuclear cccDNA minichromosome显示文摘 | Belloni Laura Allweiss Lena Guerrieri Francesca Pediconi Natalia Volz Tassilo Pollicino Teresa Petersen Joerg Raimondo Giovanni Dandri Maura Levrero Massimo | 2012 | EN2012，，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Chitosan tubes enriched with fresh skeletal muscle fibers for delayed repair of peripheral nerve defects显示文摘Nerve regeneration after delayed nerve repair is often unsuccessful. Indeed, the expression of genes associated with regeneration, including neurotrophic and gliotrophic factors, is drastically reduced in the distal stump of chronically transected nerves; moreover, Schwann cells undergo atrophy, losing their ability to sustain regeneration. In the present study, to provide a three-dimensional environment and trophic factors supporting Schwann cell activity and axon re-growth, we combined the use of an effective conduit(a chitosan tube) with a promising intraluminal structure(fresh longitudinal skeletal muscle fibers). This enriched conduit was used to repair a 10-mm rat median nerve gap after 3-month delay and functional and morphometrical analyses were performed 4 months after nerve reconstruction. Our data show that the enriched chitosan conduit is as effective as the hollow chitosan conduit in promoting nerve regeneration,and its efficacy is not statistically different from the autograft, considered the 'gold standard' technique for nerve reconstruction. Since hollow tubes not always lead to good results after long defects(> 20 mm), we believe that the conduit enriched with fresh muscle fibers could be a promising strategy to repair longer gaps, as muscle fibers create a favorable three-dimensional environment and release trophic factors. All procedures were approved by the Bioethical Committee of the University of Torino and by the Italian Ministry of Health(approval number: 864/2016/PR) on September 14, 2016. | AlessANDro Crosio Benedetta Elena Fornasari Giovanna Gambarotta Stefano Geuna Stefania Raimondo Bruno Battiston Pierluigi Tos Giulia Ronchi | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Occult hepatitis B virus in liver tissue of individuals without hepatic disease显示文摘 | Giovanni Raimondo Giuseppe Navarra Stefania Mondello Lucy Costantino Guido Colloredo Eugenio Cucinotta Gaetano Di Vita Claudio Scisca Giovanni Squadrito Teresa Pollicino | 2008 | Journal of Hepatology2008，，5： | 2 |
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