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| 1 | A Strigolactone Biosynthesis Gene Contributed to the Green Revolution in Rice显示文摘Plant architecture is a complex agronomic trait and a major factor of crop yield,which is affected by several important hormones.Strigolactones(SLs)are identified as a new class hormoneinhibiting branching in many plant species and have been shown to be involved in various developmental processes.Genetical and chemical modulation of the SL pathway is recognized as a promising approach to modify plant architecture.However,whether and how the genes involved in the SL pathway could be utilized in breeding still remain elusive.Here,we demonstrate that a partial loss-of-function allele of the SL biosynthesis gene,HIGH TILLERING AND DWARF 1/DWARF17(HTD1/D17),which encodes CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 7(CCD7),increases tiller number and improves grain yield in rice.We found that the HTD1 gene had been widely utilized and co-selected with Semidwarf 1(SD1),both contributing to the improvement of plant architecture in modern rice varieties since the Green Revolution in the 1960s.Understanding how phytohormone pathway genes regulate plant architecture and how they have been utilized and selected in breeding will lay the foundation for developing the rational approaches toward improving crop yield. | Yuexing Wang Lianguang Shang Hong Yu Longjun Zeng Jiang Hu Shen Ni Yuchun Rao Sanfeng Li Jinfang Chu Xiangbing Meng Lei Wang Ping Hu Jijun Yan Shujing Kang Minghao Qu Hai Lin Tao Wang Quan Wang Xingming Hu Hongqi Chen Bing Wang Zhenyu Gao Longbiao Guo Dali Zeng Xudong Zhu Guosheng Xiong Jiayang Li Qian Qian | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，6： | 23 |
| 2 | Characterization and cloning of a brittle culm mutant (bc88) in rice (Oryza sativa L.)显示文摘This study characterizes a brittle culm (bc88) mutant of rice (Oryza sativa L.) obtained by ethylene methylsulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis of Wuyunjing 7. The bc88 mutant exhibits a diversity of pleiotropic phenotypes, including brittle culm at the whole-plant growth stages, withered leaf tips at the seedling stage, and 18-d delay in heading date at the mature stage. Genetic analysis indicates that the bc88 mutant is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. The mutated bc88 gene isolated by map-based cloning contains only one point mutation in the 5th exon relative to its wild-type BC88 (LOC_Os09g25490 and Os09g0422500), leading to an amino acid change from P to L in bc88 plants. Alignment of the putative protein sequence with its homologs indicates that the mutation is located in the conserved region of the sequence. Detection of the transcription level of BC88 in rice plants shows that the expression level of BC88 is higher in spikes and culms than in leaves, roots, and leaf sheaths. These contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of cellulose synthesis. The target gene BC88 can be a useful tool in molecular marker-assisted selection for rice culm trait breeding. | RAO YuChun YANG YaoLong XIN DeDong LI XiaoJing ZHAI KaiEn MA BoJun PAN JianWei QIAN Qian ZENG DaLi | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，24： | 11 |
| 3 | Characterization and fine mapping of an early senescence mutant (es-t) in Oryza sativa L.显示文摘An es-t (early senescence-temporary) mutant, produced by ethylene methylsulfonate treatment of strain Nipponbare, was identified in rice. The leaves of es-t appeared yellow at the seedling stage, and had decreased chlorophyll content. Rust spots were found during growth in es-t, especially at the leaf margin and tip. The plants showed a typical early-senescence phenotype at the milky stage. The leaf surface of es-t appeared smoother than wild-type leaves under a scanning electron microscope, because the leaves lack siliceous protuberances around the stoma. Chloroplasts grow abnormally and are filled with many starch grains in es-t. Paraffin section analysis showed that the development of the sclerenchyma cells and vascular bundles were also abnormal in es-t. Genetic analysis indicated that es-t was controlled by a recessive gene, which was finely mapped to a 42-kb interval on chromosome 5. These results will facilitate the positional cloning and functional studies of the gene. | YANG YaoLong RAO YuChun LIU HuiJuan FANG YunXia DONG GuoJun HUANG LiChao LENG YuJia GUO LonBiao ZHANG GuangHeng HU Jiang GAO ZhenYu QIAN Qian ZENG DaLi | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，23： | 8 |
| 4 | Genetic analysis of leaffolder resistance in rice显示文摘A double haploid(DH)population,which consists of 120 lines derived from anther culture of a typical indica and japonica hybrid 'CJ06'/'TN1',was used to investigate the genetic basis for rice leaffolder resistance.Using a constructed molecular linkage map,five QTLs for rolled leaves were detected on chromosomes 1,2,3,4,and 8.The positive alleles from CJ06 on chromosomes 3,4,and 8 in-creased the resistance to rice leaffolder,and the alleles from TN1 on chromosomes 1 and 2 also enhanced resistance to leaffolder.The interactions between QTLs were identified and tested,and four conditional interactions were acquired for resistance to rice leaffolder.These loci were located on chromosomes 2,9,10,and 11,respectively.QTL pyramiding indicated that the positive alleles affect resistance to leaffolder.The prospective application of this data in rice breeding was also discussed. | Yuchun Rao Guojun Dong Dali Zeng Jiang Hu Longjun Zeng Zhengyu Gao Guanghen Zhang Longbiao Guo Qian Qian | 2010 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2010，37，5： | 6 |
| 5 | The pleiotropic ABNORMAL FLOWER AND DWARF1 affects plant height, floral development and grain yield in rice显示文摘Moderate plant height and successful establishment of reproductive organs play pivotal roles in rice grain production. The molecular mechanism that controls the two aspects remains unclear in rice. In the present study,we characterized a rice gene, ABNORMAL FLOWER AND DWARF1(AFD1) that determined plant height, floral development and grain yield. The afd1 mutant showed variable defects including the dwarfism, long panicle, low seed setting and reduced grain yield. In addition, abnormal floral organs were also observed in the afd1 mutant including slender and thick hulls, and hull-like lodicules.AFD1 encoded a DUF640 domain protein and was expressed in all tested tissues and organs. Subcellular localization showed AFD1-green fluorescent fusion protein(GFP) was localized in the nucleus. Meantime, our results suggested that AFD1 regulated the expression of cell division and expansion related genes. | Deyong Ren Yuchun Rao Liwen Wu Qiankun Xu Zizhuang Li Haiping Yu Yu Zhang Yujia Leng Jiang Hu Li Zhu Zhenyu Gao Guojun Dong Guangheng Zhang Longbiao Guo Dali Zeng Qian Qian | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2016，58，6： | 4 |
| 6 | MULTI-TILLERING DWARF1, a new allele of BRITTLE CULM 12, affects plant height and tiller in rice显示文摘Plant height and tillering are crucial factors determining rice plant architecture and influencing rice grain production. In this study, multi-tillering dwarf1(mtd1), a stable multi-tiller and dwarf mutant, was screened from the ethylmethane sulfonate-treated japonica rice variety Wuyunging7. Compared with the wild type, mtd1 mutant exhibited pleiotropic phenotypes, including dwarfism, more tillers, brittle culms and delayed heading date.By employing map-based cloning strategy, the gene MTD1 was finally mapped to an approximately 66-kb region on the short arm of chromosome 9. Sequencing results showed that the gene LOC_Os09g02650(BC12) in mtd1 mutant had a single nucleotide substitution(G to A), which generated a premature translation stop. Over-expressing MTD1/BC12 coding sequence rescued all the phenotypes of mtd1 mutants including plant height and tillers, which confirms that BC12 is the mutated gene in mtd1 mutant.Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that MTD1/BC12 could negatively regulate the expression of MONOCULM 1, IDEAL PLANT ARCHITECTURE1 and Tillering and Dwarf 1, and control rice tillering. Remarkably, a-amylase activity analysis and gibberellic acid(GA)treatment showed that the dwarf phenotype of mtd1 mutant was dependent on GA biosynthesis pathway. These results facilitated to further uncover the molecular mechanism of the growth and development in rice. | Haiping Yu Deyong Ren Yangzhou Zhu Jiangmin Xu Yuexing Wang Ruifang Liu Yunxia Fang Zhenyuan Shi Jiangjie Pan Mei Lu Bojun Ma Jiang Hu Yuchun Rao | 2016 | Science Bulletin2016，61，23： | 3 |
| 7 | A rice XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE gene regulates leaf senescence and response to abiotic stresses显示文摘Xanthine dehydrogenase, a member of the molybdenum enzyme family, participates in purine metabolism and catalyzes the generation of ureides from xanthine and hypoxanthine. However, the mechanisms by which xanthine dehydrogenase affects rice growth and development are poorly understood. In the present study, we identified a mutant with early leaf senescence and reduced tillering that we named early senescence and less-tillering 1(esl1). Map-based cloning revealed that ESL1 encodes a xanthine dehydrogenase, and it was expressed in all tissues. Chlorophyll content was reduced and chloroplast maldevelopment was severe in the esl1 mutant. Mutation of ESL1 led to decreases in allantoin, allantoate, and ABA contents. Further analysis revealed that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in esl1 resulted in decreased photosynthesis and impaired chloroplast development, along with increased sensitivity to abscisic acid and abiotic stresses. Ttranscriptome analysis showed that the ESL1 mutation altered the expression of genes involved in the photosynthesis process and reactive oxygen species metabolism.Our results suggest that ESL1 is involved in purine metabolism and the induction of leaf senescence.These findings reveal novel molecular mechanisms of ESL1 gene-mediated plant growth and leaf senescence. | Jiangmin Xu Chenyang Pan Han Lin Hanfei Ye Sheng Wang Tao Lu Qianyu Chen Kairu Yang Mei Lu Qian Qian Deyong Ren Yuchun Rao | 2022 | The Crop Journal2022，10，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Chlorophyllide-a Oxygenase 1(OsCAO1) Over-Expression Affects Rice Photosynthetic Rate and Grain Yield显示文摘Leaf color and photosynthesis are important factors for rice growth and development.Hence,improving the photosynthetic rate is an effective approach for increasing rice yield.We isolated a gene,chlorophyllide-a oxygenase 1(OsCAO1),which characterized a rice near-isogenic line named fgl(faded green leaf). | HU Ping MA Jie KANG Shujing LI Sanfeng WU Xianmei ZENG Longjun LU Caolin HE Rui HE Huiying SHANG Lianguang RAO Yuchun ZHU Xudong XIONG Guosheng QIAN Qian GUO Longbiao WANG Yuexing | 2023 | Rice science2023，30，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Map-based cloning proves q GC-6,a major QTL for gel consistency of japonica/indica cross,responds by Waxy in rice(Oryza sativa L)显示文摘 | Su Yan Rao Yuchun Hu Shikai | 2011 | Theoretical and Applied Genetics2011，123，5： | 1 |
| 10 | A Method for Effectively Overcoming Tight Functional Linkage Between Genes in Rice by CRISPR/Cas9 System显示文摘Anthocyanins are widely distributed in one or more parts of rice(Oryza sativa L.)plants,including seed coat,stigma,apiculus,leaf sheath and leaf blade,and are the main pigments used in rice to achieve different colors(Hou et al,2009;Aizza and Dornelas,2011).In rice,tissue-specific color traits(especially the color of apiculus,namely the lemma and palea of the spikelet)are not only important for rice variety identification but also important for linkage analysis and rice domestication research(Saitoh et al,2004;Fan et al,2007;Lin et al,2019).The apiculus color is controlled by the complementary functions of three pairs of dominant genes,C,A and P.Gene C(chromogen)is a pigment gene,which is the basic gene for producing pigments.Gene A(activator)activates gene C,converting the chromogen into anthocyanins,and gene P(purple)controls the distribution of anthocyanins in various organs(Reddy,1996;Sakamoto et al,2001). | LI Sanfeng SHEN Lan HU Ping WU Xianmei YUAN Qiaoling RAO Yuchun QIAN Qian WANG Kejian ZHU Xudong SHANG Lianguang WANG Yuexing | 2020 | Rice science2020，27，3： | 0 |
| 11 | A New-Nipponbare Rice Germplasm with High Seed-Setting Rate显示文摘Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is an important crop providing staple food for more than half the world’s population and also considered as a model plant for molecular biological study of the cereals.In 1998,the large-scale sequencing of japonica rice cultivar Nipponbare(bred at Aichi Agricultural Center in Japan and released in 1963)was initiated by | Jiang Hu Guojun Dong Yunxia Fang Yuchun Rao Jie Xu Dawei Xue Haiping Yu Changwei Ge Zhenyuan Shi Jiangjie Pan Li Zhu Dali Zeng Guangheng Zhang Longbiao Guo Qian Qian | 2014 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2014，41，10： | 0 |
| 12 | Disruption of LEAF LESION MIMIC 4 affects ABA synthesis and ROS accumulation in rice显示文摘Lesion mimic mutants(LMMs) are advantageous materials for studying programmed cell death(PCD).Although some rice LMM genes have been cloned, the diversity of functions of these genes indicates that the mechanism of cell death regulation in LMMs needs further study. In this study, we identified a rice light-dependent leaf lesion mimic mutant 4(llm4) that showed abnormal chloroplast structure, photoinhibition, reduced photosynthetic protein levels, massive accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS), and PCD. Map-based cloning and complementation testing revealed that LLM4 encodes zeaxanthin epoxidase(ZEP), an enzyme involved in the xanthophyll cycle, which functions in plant photoprotection,ROS scavenging, and carotenoid and abscisic acid(ABA) biosynthesis. The ABA content was decreased,and the contents of 24 carotenoids differed between the llm4 mutant and the wild type(WT). The llm4mutant showed reduced dormancy and greater sensitive to ABA than the WT. We concluded that the mutation of LLM4 resulted in the failure of xanthophyll cycle, in turn causing ROS accumulation. The excessive ROS accumulation damaged chloroplast structure and induced PCD, leading eventually to the formation of lesion mimics. | Hao Wu Gaoxing Dai Rao Yuchun Kaixiong Wu Junge Wang Peng Hu Yi Wen Yueying Wang Lixin Zhu Bingze Chai Jialong Liu Guofu Deng Qian Qian Jiang Hu | 2023 | The Crop Journal2023，11，5： | 0 |
| 13 | Development and Application of Prime Editing in Plants显示文摘Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)-mediated genome editing has greatly accelerated progress in plant genetic research and agricultural breeding by enabling targeted genomic modifications.Moreover,the prime editing system,derived from the CRISPR/Cas system,has opened the door for even more precise genome editing.Prime editing has the capability to facilitate all 12 types of base-to-base conversions,as well as desired insertions or deletions of fragments,without inducing double-strand breaks and requiring donor DNA templet.In a short time,prime editing has been rapidly verified as functional in various plants,and can be used in plant genome functional analysis as well as precision breeding of crops.In this review,we summarize the emergence and development of prime editing,highlight recent advances in improving its efficiency in plants,introduce the current applications of prime editing in plants,and look forward to future prospects for utilizing prime editing in genetic improvement and precision molecular breeding. | LIU Tingting ZOU Jinpeng YANG Xi WANG Kejian RAO Yuchun WANG Chun | 2023 | Rice science2023，30，6： | 0 |
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