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| 1 | Diagenetic fluids evolution and genetic mechanism of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Sichuan Basin, China显示文摘The reservoirs of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Sichuan Basin have the characteristics of low compositional maturity, low contents of cements and medium textural maturity. The general physical properties of the reservoirs are poor, with low porosity and low permeability, and there are only a few reservoirs with medium porosity and low permeability in local areas. Based on the diagenetic mineral association, a diagenetic sequence of cements is established: early calcites (or micrite siderites) →first quartz overgrowth→chlorite coatings→dissolution of feldspars and debris→chlorite linings→ second quartz overgrowth (quartz widen or filled in remain intergranular pores and solution pores)→dissolution→third quartz overgrowth (quartz filled in intergranular and intragranular solution pores)→intergrowth (ferro) calcites→dolomites→ferro (calcites) dolomites→later dissolution→veins of quartz and calcites formation. Mechanical compaction is the main factor in making the reservoirs tight in the basin, followed by the second and third quartz overgrowth. In a long-term closed system, only feld-spars and some lithic fragments are dissolved by diagenetic fluids, while intergranular cements such as quartz and calcit are not dissolved and thus have little influence on the porosity of the Xujiahe Formation. This is the third factor that may have kept the sandstones of Xujiahe Formation tight finally. The hydrocarbon was extensively generated from organic materials after the second quartz overgrowth, and selectively entered favorable reservoirs to form tight sandstone gas reservoirs. | ZHU RuKai ZOU CaiNeng ZHANG Nai WANG XueSong CHENG Rong LIU LiuHong ZHOU ChuanMin SONG LiHong | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，9： | 29 |
| 2 | Progress in China's Unconventional Oil & Gas Exploration and Development and Theoretical Technologies显示文摘The new century has witnessed a strategic breakthrough in unconventional oil & gas.Hydrocarbon accumulated in micro-/nano-scale pore throat shale systems has become an important domain that could replace current oil & gas resources.Unconventional oil & gas plays an increasingly important role in our energy demand.Tight gas,CBM,heavy oil and asphaltic sand have served as a key domain of exploration & development,with tight oil becoming a 'bright spot' domain and shale gas becoming a 'hotspot' domain.China has made great breakthroughs in unconventional oil & gas resources,such as tight gas,shale gas,tight oil and CBM,and great progress in oil shale,gas hydrate,heavy oil and oil sand.China has an estimated(223-263)×10~8t of unconventional oil resources and(890-1260)×l0^(12)m^3 of gas resources.China has made a breakthrough for progress in unconventional oil & gas study.New progress achieved in fine-grained sedimentary studies related to continental open lacustrine basin large-scale shallow-water delta sand bodies,lacustrine basin central sandy clastic flow sediments and marine-continental fine-grained sediments provide a theoretical basis for the formation and distribution of basin central reservoir bodies.Great breakthroughs have been made in unconventional reservoir geology in respect of research methodology & technology,multi-scale data merging and physical simulation of formation conditions.Overall characterization of unconventional reservoirs via multi-method and multi-scale becomes increasingly popular and facilitates the rapid development of unconventional oil & gas geological theory,method and technology.The formation of innovative,continuous hydrocarbon accumulation theory,the establishment of the framework of the unconventional oil & gas geological theory system,and the determination of the implications,geological feature,formation mechanism,distribution rule and core technology of unconventional oil& gas geological study lays a theoretical foundation for extensive unconventional oil & gas exploration and development.Theories and technologies of unconventional oil & gas exploration and development developed rapidly,including some key evaluation techniques such as 'sweet spot zone' integrated evaluation and a six-property evaluation technique that uses hydrocarbon source,lithology,physical property,brittleness,hydrocarbon potential and stress anisotropy,and some key development &engineering technologies including micro-seismic monitoring,horizontal drilling & completion and 'factory-like' operation pattern, 'man-made reservoir' development,which have facilitated the innovative development of unconventional oil & gas.These breakthroughs define a new understanding in four aspects:①theoretical innovation;② key technologies;③ complete market mechanism and national policy support;and ④ well-developed ground infrastructure,which are significant for prolonging the life cycle of petroleum industry,accelerating the upgrade and development of theories and technologies and altering the global traditional energy structure. | ZOU Caineng YANG Zhi ZHU Rukai ZHANG Guosheng HOU Lianhua WU Songtao TAO Shizhen YUAN Xuanjun DONG Dazhong WANG Yuman WANG Lan HUANG Jinliang WANG Shufang | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，3： | 27 |
| 3 | Characteristics and Origin of Tight Oil Accumulations in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of the Ordos Basin,North-Central China显示文摘The Upper Triassic oil accumulations in the Ordos Basin is the most successful tight oil play in China,with average porosity values of less than 10% and permeability values below 1.0 mD.This study investigated the geological characteristics and origin of the tight oil accumulations in the Chang 6 member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Shanbei area based on over 50,000 petrological,source-rock analysis,well logging and production data.The tight oil accumulation of the Chang 6 member is distributed continuously in the basin slope and the centre of the basin.The oilwater relationships are complex.Laumontite dissolution pores are the most important storage spaces,constituting 30%-60% of total porosity and showing a strong positive relationship with oil production.The pore-throat diameter is less than 1 μm,and the calculated critical height of the oil column is much larger than the tight sand thickness,suggesting that the buoyancy was probably of limited importance for oil migration.The pressure difference between the source rocks and sandstone reservoirs is inferred to have provided driving force for hydrocarbon migration.Two factors of source-reservoir configuration and laumontite dissolution contributed to the formation of the Chang 6 tight oil accumulations.Intense hydrocarbon generation and continuous sand bodies close to the hydrocarbon kitchen are the foundation for the large-scale oil distribution.Dissolution of feldspar-laumontite during the process of organic matter evolution generated abundant secondary pores and improved the reservoir quality. | WU Songtao ZOU Caineng ZHU Rukai YAO Jingli TAO Shizhen YANG Zhi ZHAI Xiufen CUI Jingwei LIN Senhu | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，5： | 13 |
| 4 | High-precision Dating and Geological Significance of Chang 7 Tuff Zircon of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin in Central China显示文摘The Ordos Basin, as the second largest petroliferous basin of China, contains abundant oil and gas resources, oil shale, and sandstone-type uranium mineral resources. Chang 7 shale is not only the major source rock of the Mesozoic petroliferous system of the Basin, but is also crucial in determining the space-time distribution relationship of the shale section for the effective exploration and development of the Basin's oil and gas resources. To obtain a highly precise age of the shale development section, we collected tuff samples from the top and bottom profile of the Chang 7 Member, Yishi Village, Yaoqu Town, Tongchuan District, on the southern margin of the Ordos Basin and performed high-precision chemical abrasion(CA)–isotope dilution(ID)–thermal ionization mass spectrometry(TIMS) zircon U-Pb dating on the basis of extensive laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) zircon U-Pb dating data. Our results show the precise ages of the top and bottom zircon in the Chang 7 shale to be 241.06±0.12 Ma and 241.558±0.093 Ma, respectively. We first obtained Chang 7 age data with Grade 0.1-Ma precision and then determined the age of the shale development in the Chang 7 Member to be the early-Middle Triassic Ladinian. This result is supported by paleontological evidence. The deposition duration of the Chang 7 shale is 0.5 Ma with an average deposition rate of the shale section being 5.3 cm/ka. Our research results provide time scale and basic data for further investigation of the basin–mountain coupling relation of the shale section, the sedimentary environment and volcanic ash and organic-matter-rich shale development relation, and the organism break-out and organic-matter enrichment mechanism. | ZHU Rukai CUI Jingwei DENG Shenghui LUO Zhong LU Yuanzheng QIU Zhen | 2019 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2019，93，6： | 13 |
| 5 | Accumulation of unconventional petroleum resources and their coexistence characteristics in Chang7 shale formations of Ordos Basin in central China显示文摘The Ordos Basin is the largest oil and gas producing basin in China, where tight oil, shale gas, oil shale, and other unconventional oil and gas resources have been found in the Chang7 subsection of the Triassic Yanchang Formation. However, the mechanism of formation and the distribution of unconventional oil and gas resources in the shale layers have not been systematically investigated until now. According to the type of unconventional oil and gas resources, main controlling factors, and the maturity, depth and abundance of organic matters, the shale oil and gas resources from Chang7 region are divided into five zones that include an outcrop-shallow oil shale zone, a middle-matured and medium-burial shale oil zone, a medium-matured and medium-burial in situ conversion process (ICP) shale oil zone, a high-maturity and deep-burial shale gas zone, and an adjacent-interbedded tight sandstone oil zone. By the distribution of resources, orderly evolution of oil and gas resources and coexistences in lacustrine shale formations have been put forward, and also a strategy of integrated exploration and development of resources in the shale formations is proposed. Overall, the outcome of this study may guide on the effective utilization of unconventional oil and gas resources in other shale formations. | Jingwei CUI Rukai ZHU Zhiguo MAO Shixiang LI | 2019 | Frontiers of Earth Science2019，13，3： | 11 |
| 6 | Geologic Characteristics of Volcanic Hydrocarbon Reservoirs and Exploration Directions in China显示文摘Volcanic rocks are distributed widely in China, which are important exploration targets. By analyzing many discovered volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs all over the world, the authors summarized the geologic characteristics of the formation of volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs in China, and gave further exploration directions and advices. (1) There are mainly Carboniferous-Permian, Jurassic-Cretaceous, Paleogene-Neogene volcanic rocks in oil- and gas-bearing basins in China, which are mainly distributed in the Junggar Basin, Songliao Basin, Bohai Bay Basin, etc. There are mainly intermediate rocks and acidic rocks in east China, and intermediate rocks and basic rocks in west China. They primarily develop in intracontinental rift settings and island arc environments. (2) Pore- fissure reservoirs are distributed widely in basins, which are volcanic rocks mainly in explosive and effusive facies. (3) Volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs are chiefly near-source lithostratigraphic hydrocarbon reservoirs, and the oil and gas accumulation is predominantly controlled by lithotypes, faults and structural positions. (4) Deep-seated oil and gas reservoirs in the Songliao Basin and Carboniferous volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Junggar Basin are potential giant volcanic gas provinces, the volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Bohai Bay Basin and Santanghu Basin are favorable for oil and gas reserves increase, and volcanic rocks in the Turpan Basin, Sichuan Basin, Tarim Basin have exploration potentiality. (5) The technology series of oil and gas exploration in volcanic rocks have been preliminarily formed. | ZOU Caineng ZHU Rukai ZHAO Wenzhi JIA Chengzao ZHANG Guangya YUAN Xuanjun ZHAO Xia WEN Baihong | 2010 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2010，84，1： | 10 |
| 7 | Sedimentary Response of Different Fan Types to the Paleogene-Neogene Basin Transformation in the Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,Xinjiang Province显示文摘A group of alluvial fans formed in the early Paleogene represent marginal sedimentary facies at the foot of the South Tianshan Mountain,Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,Xinjiang province. Two types of fans occurred in the middle-late Paleogene Kumugeliemu and Suweiyi formations:one alluvial,and the other fan delta deposited in a lacustrine setting.Within the early Neogene Jidike Formation,coastal subaqueous fans developed,probably in a deeper water lacustrine setting.The three types of fans are stacked vertically in outcrop with the sequence in ascending order:bottom alluvial,middle fan-delta,and top subaqueous.The subaqueous is a typical coarse-fan deposit occurring in the glutinite member of the Jidike Formation in some wells.Laterally,from the foreland to the lacustrine settings,the distribution pattern of sedimentary facies represents the same three fan types sequentially.The spatial distribution of these fans was controlled by the Paleogene-Neogene Basin transformation,and evolution with different types of fans developed in the Kuqa Depression in response.In the Paleogene,the Kuqa Depression was a rift basin where an alluvial fan was deposited in the foreland setting,which,by early Neogene,became a foreland basin when the lake level changed. With any rise in lake level,fan-deltas migrated from lacustrine to foreland settings,whereas when the lake level fell,fan migration was reversed.In the early Neogene,with increasing slope and rising lake level,fans progressed and covered the previous fan-delta and lacustrine mudstone.Eventually, subaqueous fans developed,forming the present spatial configuration of these three fan types. | GAO Zhiyong GUO Hongli ZHU Rukai ZHANG Lijuan SUN Yushan | 2009 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2009，83，2： | 10 |
| 8 | Hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism and structure of largescale volcanic weathering crust of the Carboniferous in northern Xinjiang,China显示文摘上面在北 Xinjiang 含碳,中国在 post-collisional 消沉被形成并且折叠结构的设定。在一个宽区域上在上面的含碳的、暴烈的岩石和来源岩石以内轮流出现。在结束含碳,这些层被板碰撞高举并且随后捱过并且沥滤。暴烈的捱过并且沥滤导致了能被划分成五层的捱过的外壳的建立。腐蚀并且在这些层形式弄碎地区有利水库。在亚在空中形成的暴烈的捱过外壳暴露了 paleogeomorphic 区域;五相对连续的层通常在 paleogeomorphic 低地和斜坡区域被保存,但是上面的土壤层在岩石的更高的部分记录的在结构上通常是不在的。捱过的层的厚度有一种积极非线性的指数的关系到捱过并且沥滤的持续时间,并且捱过的外壳的动态平衡时间是大约 36.3 妈。最厚的捱过的层(450 m ) 位于破裂地区。捱过的外壳从有不同岩性学的暴烈的岩石的一个范围是可能的,捱过并且沥滤的给定的足够的时间。暴烈的捱过的外壳和来源岩石的联合导致烃累积模型的三种类型:(1 ) 与来源岩石暴烈的捱过的外壳 interbedded 定序,(2 ) 一个伪分层的捱过的暴烈的核心定位了上面的来源岩石,并且(3 ) 暴烈的岩石与邻近的梳状的不顺从联系了采购岩石。每这三种类型有潜力形成暴烈的捱过的外壳的一座巨大的 stratigraphic 水库。这知识改变了在暴烈的岩石中寻找有利 lithologic 和岩相地区的传统的探索模型,并且改变了观点含碳没有基因潜力是在北 Xinjiang 的盆的地下室。这里开发的概念为在暴烈的捱过的外壳上集中油和煤气的探索具有大科学意义和申请。因此,在中国的 midwestern 部分的古生代的暴烈的捱过的外壳可以可能包含大规模 stratigraphic 水库并且以后能因此是新油和煤气的探索目标。 | ZOU CaiNeng HOU LianHua TAO ShiZhen YUAN XuanJun ZHU RuKai JIA JinHua ZHANG XiangXiang LI FuHeng PANG ZhengLian | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，2： | 8 |
| 9 | Relations between spatial distribution and sequence types of the Cambrian-Ordovician marine source rocks in Tarim Basin显示文摘Marine source rocks are considered to be mainly composed of the Cambrian-Ordovician deposit in Tarim Basin. Based on the previous studies made by other researchers, the authors calculated the thickness and distribution scale of these Cambrian-Ordovician source rocks by integrating sequence stratigraphy with investigations on sedimentary environments, well-shooting demarcating and calibrating the thickness of unknown source rocks with the thickness of the known ones according to characteristics of the source rocks that have 'double track' seismic lineup reflectance. The results showed that the distribution area of the Lower-Cambrian Yuertusi Fm. source rock in platform inner depressions, slopes and deep basins is much bigger than that of the Middle Cambrian evaporite-lagoon source rock. Moreover, the former is superior to the latter in terms of the source rock quality. Likewise, the Middle-Ordovician Heituao Fm. source rock in the slopes and deep basins has a much wider distribution and better quality than the Upper Ordovician, and its quality is also better than those of the Shaergan and Yinggan Fms. source rock within platforms as well as the lime-mud-mound source rock along the fringe of the Upper-Ordovician platform. Most good Lower-Cambrian source rocks of the Kalpin outcrop lie on the initial ingression surface or in the condensed member of the Type I sequence. In this section, the source rock in Type II is inferior to that in Type I, even being far from an effective one (TOC: <0.5%). Likewise, the good Middle-Ordovician Heituao source rock also lies on the initial ingression surface or in the condensed member of the Type I sequence, while the poor Yinggan source rock and the lime-mud-mound along the fringe of the platform develop all in the Type II sequence. Under the condition of the same sea-level rising altitude and time, the ingression displacement (S1) at the base border in Type I is larger than S2 in Type II. Thus, the distribution of the source rock developed above the base border in Type I is wider than that in Type II. The maximal ingression range dominates the ultimate distribution of source rocks. Because S1 is greater than S2, the relative rate of ingression on the base border of Type I is obviously bigger than that of Type II. The difference in ingression rate is one of the factors that lead to the superiority of the source rock at the base border in Type I to that Type II . Therefore, it is of great significance to study the spatial distribution, developing era and quality determination of source rocks by means of sequence stratigrahpy. | GAO ZhiYong ZHANG ShuiChang ZHANG XingYang ZHU RuKai | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，A01： | 8 |
| 10 | Main controlling factors of distribution and genetics of marine reservoirs in China显示文摘Marine reservoirs are mainly made up of clastics and carbonate reservoirs, which are distributed widely in central Tarim, Sichuan, Ordos basins from the Pre-Cambrian to Cenozoic, mainly in Palaeozoic. Marine clastic reservoirs are developed in foreshore and nearshore, tidal flat and delta environment. The sedimentary facies are important controlling factors for reservoir quality. Compaction, pressolution and cementation are factors of decreasing porosity, and low palaeo-temperature gradient, early emplacement of oil and gas and dissolution are favorable for preservation of pore. Carbonate reservoirs are divided into reef and bank, karst, dolomite and fracture reservoirs. Dolomitization, dissolution, TSR and fracture are important factors of controlling carbonate reservoirs' quality. | ZHU RuKai GUO HongLi GAO ZhiYong WANG XueSong ZHANG XingYang | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，A01： | 6 |
| 11 | Structure of weathered clastic crust and its petroleum potential显示文摘Weathered clastic crust can be subdivided into weathered clay and leached zone in terms of variable weathering of different minerals and mobility of weathered products.On the basis of clastic outcrops and well cores in the Junggar Basin,the dark red Fe-rich weathered clay is formed in an arid environment,whereas the light blue Al-rich weathered clay under humid conditions.According to the geochemical analysis,a new weathering index for weathered clastic crust is built mainly on Fe and Al contents,accurately indicating the weathered clay,sandy leached zone,and muddy leached zone in the Junggar Basin.The breaking pressure of weathered clay is rather large,the same as that of normal muddy cap,effectively to seal oil or gas.The porosity of underlying leached zone is greatly enhanced by weathering and leaching,but its permeability is a function of clay mineral content,i.e.,the higher the clay content,the worse the permeability.Weathered crust provides effective sealing conditions for both top and bottom layers of a petroleum reservoir,and is important in the clastic hydrocarbon exploration. | ZOU CaiNeng HOU LianHua YANG Fan YANG Chun TAO ShiZhen YUAN XuanJun ZHU RuKai | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，12： | 6 |
| 12 | Oderly accumulation theory of shale system petroleum resource and its prospecting significance-A case study of Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin显示文摘1 Introduction Shale formations bear abundant mineral resource and*unconventional petroleum resource,and the unconventional petroleum resource that contain in the shale formation should be integrated and researched. | Cui Jingwei Zhu Rukai Li Shixiang Zhang Zhongyi | 2017 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2017，91，S1： | 5 |
| 13 | Pore Characteristics of the Fine-Grained Tight Reservoirs in the Yabulai Basin, Northwestern China显示文摘This work investigated the pore structure characteristics and reservoir features of the finegrained tight reservoirs in the lower member of the Xinhe Formation(J_2 x_1) in the Xiaohu subsag,Yabulai Basin based on core samples through various techniques. Interbedded silt/fine sandstones and mudstones are developed in the study area. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images were used to delineate different types of pores, including primary intergranular pores, secondary intergranular and intragranular pores, organic pores and fractures. The pore types were distinguished by pore size, pore area, location and formation process. The pore radii of the fine-grained rocks range from 1 nm to 1.55μm, mainly concentrated between 5 and 300 nm by low pressure N_2 adsorption and MICP analyses. The pore structure parameters of pore throat size and pore throat sorting coefficient are both positively correlated with porosity, while pore throat sorting coefficient has a negative correlation with permeability. The pore structures of the studied samples are much related to the mineral type and content and grain size, followed by TOC content. In these rocks with relatively low TOC and low maturity, the rigid minerals protect pores with pressure shadow from collapse, and dissolution-related pores contribute a lot to inorganic porosity. In contrast, these rocks with abundant TOC contain a large number of organic pores. The permeability of the fine-grained tight reservoir is mainly dominated by larger pore throats, while a large number of small pores(mostly <0.1 μm) contribute considerably to porosity. These results have deepened our understanding of the interbedded fine-grained tight reservoirs and can be applicable to fine-grained reservoirs in a similar setting. | ZHANG Shaomin CAO Yingchang Jens JAHREN ZHU Rukai MAO Zhiguo XI Kelai Kashif MUHAMMAD Helge HELLEVANG | 2018 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2018，92，3： | 5 |
| 14 | A static resistance model and the discontinuous pattern of hydrocarbon accumulation in tight oil reservoirs显示文摘In exploration for tight oil, the content and saturation of hydrocarbon in the tight reservoir is a key factor for evaluating the reserve. Therefore, it is necessary to study the geological history of hydrocarbon accumulation and the tight oil charging process. However, kinetic models used for petroleum development are not applicable for petroleum exploration. In this study, a static resistance model is proposed after analyzing resistances in ultra-slow flow in porous media. Using this model, the discontinuous pattern of oil charging is reproduced through incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, the phase field method and the finite element method. This study also explains macroscopic percolation behavior with microscopic flow mechanisms and discusses some issues in ultra-slow flow in a micro/nano pore-throat network. The resistance analysis reveals that capillary resistance and dissipation resistance are dominant factors in the mechanism of oil accumulation in tight reservoirs. Numerical simulations show that pressure thresholds exist and result in discontinuous oil charging. Generally, it is proven that the static model is more applicable than kinetic models in describing oil accumulation in tight reservoirs. | Sun Liang Zou Caineng Liu Xiaoli Zhu Rukai Wang Xiaoqi | 2014 | Petroleum Science2014，11，4： | 5 |
| 15 | Significant progress of continental petroleum geological theory in basins of Central and Western China显示文摘China's continental oil and gas geological theory occupies an important academic position in the world's academic circle of petroleum geology. China's oil and gas resources are dominated by continental resources. Chinese geologists have successfully explored and developed complex continental oil and gas, and developed a continental oil and gas geological theory system. This paper summarizes the development history and theoretical achievements of continental oil and gas geological theory since the 1940 s and proposes that the development of this theory should be divided into three stages(i.e., proposal, formation and development). The China's continental oil and gas geological theory has formed a basically perfect theoretical system consisting of five parts, i.e., continental basin structure theory, continental basin sediments and reservoirs theory, continental oil generation theory, continental oil and gas accumulation theory, and continental sandstone oil and gas field development geology. As an advanced geological theory, it has a universal significance globally. This paper focuses on the major discoveries of oil and gas exploration and development and the production growth in the basins of the Central and Western China in the past 30 years as well as the major advances in the continental oil and gas geological theory, including the continental basin tectonics of Central and Western China under the compression background, special reservoir geology such as various types of lake basin sedimentary systems and deep conglomerate, new fields of continental hydrocarbon generation such as coal-generated hydrocarbons, continental oil and gas enrichment regularity such as foreland thrust belts and lithologic-stratigraphic reservoirs, continental unconventional oil and gas geology and continental low-permeability oil and gas development geology. These major advances have greatly developed and enriched the continental oil and gas geological theory and become an important part of it. | JIA Chengzao ZOU Caineng YANG Zhi ZHU Rukai CHEN Zhuxin ZHANG Bin JIANG Lin | 2018 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2018，45，4： | 3 |
| 16 | Late Yanshan-Himalayan hydrocarbon reservoir adjustment and hydrothermal fluid activity in the central Tarim Basin显示文摘The adjustment of primary hydrocarbon reservoirs in marine formations is an important feature of the oil pools in the Tarim Basin. Large-scale hydrocarbon adjustment is related to the strong regional tectonic movements, which is always accompanied by extensive migration of basin fluids including diagenetic and mineralizing fluids. Organic fluid inclusions are well developed in hydrothermal minerals, such as fluorite, which have been found in the dissolution-enlarged fractures or karstification caves in the Ordovician in the central Tarim Basin. Proved by well drilling, the fluorite deposit is good reservoir for oil and gas. So the peculiar accompanied or superimposed relationship between fluorite hydrothermal fluid mineralization and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation exists in the Ordovician in the central Tarim Basin. Considering regional tectonic setting and mineralization condition, through different kinds of analytic methods including electron spin resonance dating, fluid inclusion laser Raman and colonial inclusions hydrocarbon fossil analysis, we proposed that extensive mineralizing fluids and hydrocarbon migration occurred in late Yanshan-Himalayan (110.4―30.8 Ma) period, and Himalayan, especially, is an important period for hydrocarbon accumulation from 34.3 Ma to present. | ZHANG XingYang ZHANG ShuiChang LUO Ping ZHU RuKai LUO Zhong TU JianQi | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，A01： | 2 |
| 17 | Identification and geochemical significance of polarized macromolecular compounds in lacustrine and marine oils显示文摘Polarized macromolecular compounds in typical lacustrine and marine shale oils collected from the Ordos Basin and Tarim Basin of China were analyzed by FT-ICR-MS. Maturity was taken into consideration by diagenesis physical simulation experiments on shale oils, which had been collected at various temperature and pressure stages. The results showed that similar components existed in non-hydrocarbon and asphaltenes and the main peak compound classes of N1 and O2 were potential parameters for identifying typical marine oil and lacustrine oil in China. Nitrogen compounds/(nitrogen compounds and oxygen compounds), such as N1/(O2+N1), N1/(O3+N1), N1/(N1O1+N1O2) are the maturity indicators, which are related with C-N and C-O bond energy. Differences in molecular components and weights between marine and lacustrine oils are the effective index to identify source maturity and sedimentary environment. | CUI Jingwei ZHU Rukai HU Jian | 2014 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2014，33，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Subdivision and age of the Yanchang Formation and the Middle/Upper Triassic boundary in Ordos Basin, North China显示文摘The Yanchang Formation is extensively developed in the Ordos Basin and its surrounding regions. As one of the best terrestrial Triassic sequences in China and the major oil-gas bearing formations in the Ordos Basin, its age determination and stratigraphic assignment are important in geological survey and oil-gas exploration. It had been attributed to the Late Triassic and regarded as the typical representative of the Upper Triassic in northern China for a long time, although some scholars had already proposed that the lower part of this formation should be of the Middle Triassic age in the mid-late 20 th century. In this paper, we suggest that the lower and middle parts of the Yanchang Formation should be of the Ladinian and the bottom possibly belongs to the late Anisian of the Middle Triassic, mainly based on new fossils found in it and high resolution radiometric dating results. The main source rocks, namely the oil shales and mudstones of the Chang-7, are of the Ladinian Age. The upper part of the Yanchang Formation, namely the Chang-6 and the above parts, belongs to the Late Triassic. The uppermost of the Triassic is missed in most parts of the Ordos Basin. The Middle-Upper Triassic Series boundary lies in the Yanchang Formation, equivalent to the boundary between Chang-7 and Chang-6. The Ladinian is an important palaeoenvironmental turning point in the Ordos Basin. Palaeoenvironmental changes in the basin are coincidence with that of the Sichuan Basin and the main tectonic movement of the Qinling Mountains. It indicates that tectonic activities of the Qinling Mountains are related to the big palaeoenvironmental changes in both the Ordos and Sichuan Basins, which are caused by the same structural dynamic system during the Ladinian. | Shenghui DENG Yuanzheng LU Zhong LUO Ru FAN Xin LI Yi ZHAO Xueying MA Rukai ZHU Jingwei CUI | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，10： | 2 |
| 19 | An analysis of major scientific problems and research paths of Gulong shale oil in Daqing Oilfield, NE China显示文摘After the preliminary basic research on the problems encountered during the production period of Gulong shale oil in the Songliao Basin, NE China, and the scientific exploration, the special characteristics of Gulong shale oil in terms of reservoir space, phase distribution, flow pattern, and mineral evolution are proposed. The main results are as follows :(1) The source of organic matter, mechanism of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, and key factors affecting shale oil abundance;(2) The types and structural characteristics of the reservoir and their contribution to porosity and permeability;(3) The mineral origin and evolution of minerals and their influence on reservoir availability, sensitivity, and compressibility;(4) The rock mechanical characteristics and fracture propagation law of Gulong shale;(5) The shale oil products, phase change law and main control factors of adsorption and desorption conversion of Gulong shale oil;(6) The mechanism of shale oil-liquid, solid-liquid gas interaction and enhanced oil recovery. Three key research suggestions are proposed to realize the large-scale economic utilization of the Gulong shale oil as follows:(1) Deepen research on the mechanism of oil and gas generation and discharge, storage and transportation, to guide the selection of geological sweet spots of shale oil;(2) Deepen research on the compressibility and fracture initiation mechanism to support the selection of engineering sweet spots and optimization of engineering design;(3) Deepen research on the fluid interaction mechanism under reservoir conditions, os us to guide the optimization of development schemes and the selection of EOR technologies. A successful development of Gulong shale oil requires global experts and scholars to contribute multidisciplinary innovative ideas and technical ideas to solve production problems. | SUN Longde LIU He HE Wenyuan LI Guoxin ZHANG Shuichang ZHU Rukai JIN Xu MENG Siwei JIANG Hang | 2021 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2021，48，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Exploration and development of continental tight oil in China显示文摘Based on the investigation of tight oil exploration and development in North America, the successful cases of tight oil exploration and development in North America are summarized. The geological differences between continental tight oil in China and marine tight oil in North America is analyzed to explore the technical strategies for the industrial development of continental tight oil in China. The experiences of large-scale exploration and profitable development of tight oil in North America can be taken as references from the following 6 perspectives, namely exploring new profitable strata in mature exploration areas, strengthening the economic evaluation of sweet spots and focusing on the investment for high-profitability sweet spots, optimizing the producing of tight oil reserves by means of repetitive fracturing and 3 D fracturing, optimizing drilling and completion technologies to reduce the cost, adopting commodity hedging to ensure the sustainable profit, and strengthening other resources exploration to improve the profit of whole project. In light of the high abundance of tight oil in China, we can draw on successful experience from North America, four suggestions are proposed in sight of the geological setting of China's lacustrine tight oil:(1) Evaluating the potential of tight oil resources and optimizing the strategic area for tight oil exploration;(2) selecting 'sweet spot zone' and 'sweet spot interval' accurately for precise and high efficient development;(3) adopting advanced tight oil fracturing technology to realize economic development;(4) innovating management system to promote the large-scale profitable development of tight oil. | HU Suyun ZHU Rukai WU Songtao BAI Bin YANG Zhi CUI Jingwei | 2018 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2018，45，4： | 1 |
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