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| 1 | Terrestrial carbon sinks in China and around the world and their contribution to carbon neutrality显示文摘Enhancing the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink(referred to as terrestrial C sink) is an important way to slow down the continuous increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentration and to achieve carbon neutrality target.To better understand the characteristics of terrestrial C sinks and their contribution to carbon neutrality,this review summarizes major progress in terrestrial C budget researches during the past decades,clarifies spatial patterns and drivers of terrestrial C sources and sinks in China and around the world,and examines the role of terrestrial C sinks in achieving carbon neutrality target.According to recent studies,the global terrestrial C sink has been increasing from a source of (-0.2±0.9) Pg C yr^(-1)(1 Pg=1015g)in the 1960s to a sink of (1.9±1.1) Pg C yr^(-1) in the 2010s.By synthesizing the published data,we estimate terrestrial C sink of 0.20–0.25 Pg C yr^(-1) in China during the past decades,and predict it to be 0.15–0.52 Pg C yr^(-1) by 2060.The terrestrial C sinks are mainly located in the mid-and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,while tropical regions act as a weak C sink or source.The C balance differs much among ecosystem types:forest is the major C sink;shrubland,wetland and farmland soil act as C sinks;and whether the grassland functions as C sink or source remains unclear.Desert might be a C sink,but the magnitude and the associated mechanisms are still controversial.Elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,nitrogen deposition,climate change,and land cover change are the main drivers of terrestrial C sinks,while other factors such as fires and aerosols would also affect ecosystem C balance.The driving factors of terrestrial C sink differ among regions.Elevated CO_(2) concentration and climate change are major drivers of the C sinks in North America and Europe,while afforestation and ecological restoration are additionally important forcing factors of terrestrial C sinks in China.For future studies,we recommend the necessity for intensive and long-term ecosystem C monitoring over broad geographic scale to improve terrestrial biosphere models for accurately evaluating terrestrial C budget and its dynamics under various climate change and policy scenarios. | Yuanhe Yang Yue Shi Wenjuan Sun Jinfeng Chang Jianxiao Zhu Leiyi Chen Xin Wang Yanpei Guo Hongtu Zhang Lingfei Yu Shuqing Zhao Kang Xu Jiangling Zhu Haihua Shen Yuanyuan Wang Yunfeng Peng Xia Zhao Xiangping Wang Huifeng Hu Shiping Chen Mei Huang Xuefa Wen Shaopeng Wang Biao Zhu Shuli Niu Zhiyao Tang Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，5： | 32 |
| 2 | Records of the East Asian winter monsoon from the mud area on the inner shelf of the East China Sea since the mid-Holocene显示文摘AMS14C dating and analysis of grain size,major elements and clay minerals were applied to Core MZ01 from the mud area on the inner shelf of the East China Sea.Based on the environmentally sensitive grain size,clay mineral and major element assemblages,the history of the East Asia winter monsoon since the mid-Holocene could be reconstructed.These three proxies,mean grain size(>9.71μm),chemical index of alteration(CIA)and ratio of smectite to kaolinite in particular,show similar fluctuation patterns. Furthermore,10 extreme values corresponding to the contemporary cooling events could be recognized since the mid-Holocene;these extreme values are likely to have been caused by the strengthening of the East Asia winter monsoon.The cooling events correlated well with the results of theδ18O curves of the Dunde ice core and GISP2,which therefore revealed a regional response to global climate change.Four stages of the East Asia winter monsoon were identified,i.e.8300-6300 a BP,strong and unstable;6300-3800 a BP,strong but stable;3800-1400 a BP,weak and unstable;after 1400 a BP,weak but stable. | LIU ShengFa SHI XueFa LIU YanGuang QIAO ShuQing YANG Gang FANG XiSheng WU YongHua LI ChaoXin LI XiaoYan ZHU AiMei GAO JingJing | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，21： | 25 |
| 3 | Clay mineral composition and their sources for the fluvial sediments of Taiwan Residents rivers显示文摘Located at the collision boundary between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Continental Plate,the island of Taiwan is generally recognized as an important example in the MARGINS Program Science Plan and 'source-to-sink' research because of its high tectonic activity,heavy rainfall and unique geography.Large suspended sediment loads are transported to the adjacent ocean by Taiwan Residents rivers every year,making Taiwan an important source of sediments into the adjacent seas and a natural laboratory for studying the systemic movement of fluvial sediments from source to sink.A detailed study on the clay mineral composition of surface sediments collected from the drainage basins of 12 Taiwan Residents rivers using X-ray diffraction methods was conducted.Our results indicated that the clay mineral assemblages consisted dominantly of illite(approximately 73%) and chlorite(approximately 24%),with lesser abundances of kaolinite(approximately 3%) and even lower levels of smectite from the Danshuei River sediments in northwestern Taiwan.The Jhuoshuei River sediments from western Taiwan contained clay mineral assemblages that consisted of illite(approximately 75%) and chlorite(approximately 25%),but they lacked kaolinite and smectite.In southwestern Taiwan,the clay mineral assemblages were dominated by illite(approximately 75%) and chlorite(approximately 23%),but had a low abundance of kaolinite(generally < 2%) and no smectite.The clay mineral assemblages in eastern Taiwan are obviously different from those in western parts of the island.The most noticeable difference is that the average abundance of chlorite in the Hualien River from eastern Taiwan was the highest(approximately 48%) of all the Taiwan Residents rivers.We concluded that,in general,the clay mineral assemblages in Taiwan Residents rivers were mainly composed of illite and chlorite with kaolinite and smectite being scarce,and these trends are different from those in China's mainland rivers.The clay mineral composition shown in this study was primarily determined by the properties of the bedrock,and the differential weathering intensities of the drainage area.The surface sediments in Taiwan's rivers showed a greater abundance of illite and chlorite because the outcropped rocks were mainly composed of Tertiary sedimentary rocks,especially sandstone,shale and slate,and show strong physical weathering.The relatively high relief and more abundant rainfall also caused the clay minerals in the fluvial sediments to be transported to the estuaries down rivers from the mountains and then delivered to the adjacent seas by currents and waves over a shorter time scale. | LI ChuanShun SHI XueFa KAO ShuhJi CHEN MinTe LIU YanGuang FANG XiSheng LUE HuaHua ZOU JianJun LIU ShengFa QIAO ShuQing | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，6： | 23 |
| 4 | The estimate of sea ice resources quantity in the Bohai Sea based on NOAA/AVHRR data显示文摘The research on sea ice resources is the academic base of sea ice exploitation in the Bohai Sea. According to the ice-water spectrum differences and the correlation between ice thickness and albedo, this paper comes up with a sea ice thickness inversion model based on the NOAA/AVHRR data. And then a sea ice resources quantity (SIQ) time series of Bohai Sea is established from 1987 to 2009. The results indicate that the average error of inversion sea ice thickness is below 30%. The maximum sea ice resources quantity is about 6 × 10 9 m 3 and the minimum is 1.3 × 10 9 m 3 . And a preliminary analysis has been made on the errors of the estimate of sea ice resources quantity (SIQ). | YUAN Shuai GU Wei XU Yingjun WANG Ping HUANG Shuqing LE Zhangyan CONG Jianou | 2012 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2012，31，1： | 15 |
| 5 | Integrating TM and Ancillary Geographical Data with Classification Trees for Land Cover Classification of Marsh Area显示文摘The main objective of this research is to determine the capacity of land cover classification combining spec- tral and textural features of Landsat TM imagery with ancillary geographical data in wetlands of the Sanjiang Plain, Heilongjiang Province, China. Semi-variograms and Z-test value were calculated to assess the separability of grey-level co-occurrence texture measures to maximize the difference between land cover types. The degree of spatial autocorrelation showed that window sizes of 3×3 pixels and 11×11 pixels were most appropriate for Landsat TM im- age texture calculations. The texture analysis showed that co-occurrence entropy, dissimilarity, and variance texture measures, derived from the Landsat TM spectrum bands and vegetation indices provided the most significant statistical differentiation between land cover types. Subsequently, a Classification and Regression Tree (CART) algorithm was applied to three different combinations of predictors: 1) TM imagery alone (TM-only); 2) TM imagery plus image texture (TM+TXT model); and 3) all predictors including TM imagery, image texture and additional ancillary GIS in- formation (TM+TXT+GIS model). Compared with traditional Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) supervised classification, three classification trees predictive models reduced the overall error rate significantly. Image texture measures and ancillary geographical variables depressed the speckle noise effectively and reduced classification error rate of marsh obviously. For classification trees model making use of all available predictors, omission error rate was 12.90% and commission error rate was 10.99% for marsh. The developed method is portable, relatively easy to im- plement and should be applicable in other settings and over larger extents. | NA Xiaodong ZHANG Shuqing ZHANG Huaiqing LI Xiaofeng YU Huan LIU Chunyue | 2009 | Chinese Geographical Science2009，19，2： | 14 |
| 6 | Changes in China’s lakes: climate and human impacts显示文摘Lakes have played a critical role in providing water and ecosystem services for people and other organisms in China for millennia.However,accelerating climate change and economic boom have resulted in unprecedented changes in these valuable lakes.Using Landsat images covering the entity of the country,we explored the changes in China’s lakes and the associated driving forces over the last 30 years(i.e.mid-1980 s to 2015).We discovered that China’s lakes have changed with divergent regional trends:in the sparsely populated Tibetan Plateau,lakes are abundant and the lake area has increased dramatically from 38596 to46831 km^2(i.e.increased by 8235 km^2,or 21.3%),whereas,in the densely populated northern and eastern regions,lakes are relatively scarce and the lake area has decreased from 36659 to 33657 km^2(i.e.decreased by 3002 km^2,or 8.2%).In particular,severe lake decreases occurred in the Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau and the Eastern Plain(-2151 km^2).Statistical analyses indicated that climate was the most important factor controlling lake changes in the Tibetan Plateau,the Yun-Gui Plateau and the Northeast Plain.However,the strength of climatic control on lake changes was low in the Eastern Plain and the Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau,where human activities,e.g.impoldering,irrigation and mining,have caused serious impacts on lakes.Further lake changes will exacerbate regional imbalances between lake resources and population distribution,and thus may increase the risk of water-resource crises in China. | Shengli Tao Jingyun Fang Suhui Ma Qiong Cai Xinyu Xiong Di Tian Xia Zhao Leqi Fang Heng Zhang Jiangling Zhu Shuqing Zhao | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，1： | 14 |
| 7 | An Integrated Cyber-Physical Simulation Environment for Smart Grid Applications显示文摘The concept of Cyber-Physical Systems(CPSs),which combine computation,networking,and physical processes,is considered to be beneficial to smart grid applications. This study presents an integrated simulation environment to provide a unified platform for the investigation of smart grid applications involving power grid monitoring,communication,and control. In contrast to the existing approaches,this environment allows the network simulator to operate independently,importing its results to the power system simulation. This resolves conflicts between discrete event simulation and continuous simulation. In addition,several data compensation methods are proposed and investigated under different network delay conditions. A case study of wide-area monitoring and control is provided,and the efficiency of the proposed simulation framework has been evaluated based on the experimental results. | Yuxin Wan Junwei Cao Shuqing Zhang Guoyu Tu Chao Lu Xingtao Xu Keqin Li | 2014 | Tsinghua Science and Technology2014，19，2： | 13 |
| 8 | Multi-scale analysis to uncover habitat use of red-crowned cranes: Implications for conservation显示文摘 | Chunyue LIU Hongxing JIANG Shuqing ZHANG Chunrong LI Yunqiu HOU Fawen QIAN | 2013 | Current Zoology2013，59，5： | 12 |
| 9 | Oxygen-deficient metal oxides:Synthesis routes and applications in energy and environment显示文摘Oxyge n vaca ncies impla ntation is an efficie nt way to adjust the physical and chemical properties of metal oxide nano materials to meet the requirements for particular applications.Through reasonable defects design,oxyge-deficient metal oxides with excellent optical and electrical properties are widely applied for environmental protection and energy uses.This review discusses recent advances in synthetic approaches of oxygervdeficient metal oxides and their applications in photocatalysis,electrocatalysis,and energy storage devices.The perspectives of oxyge n?deficie nt metal oxides for increased en ergy dema nd and en vironme ntal sustai liability are also exami ned. | Di Zu Haiyang Wang Sen Lin Gang Ou Hehe Wei Shuqing Sun Hui Wu | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，9： | 9 |
| 10 | Effects of modified Lingguizhugan decoction combined with weekend fasting on metabolic syndrome显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess the therapeutic effect of weekend fasting and administration of a modified Lingguizhugan decoction on metabolic syndrome(MetS).METHODS:Twenty-one patients with MetS were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University.Fasting plasma glucose(FPG),30-min and 2-h post-prandial blood glucose(PG),fasting serum insulin(FINS),blood pressure(BP),body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),and levels of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were tested.Patients were allowed to drink only water and a Chinese herbal decoction during weekends.All samples were tested again after 12 weeks of treatment.RESULTS:FPG,30-min PG,2-h PG,FINS,LDL-C,systolic BP,diastolic BP,BMI,WC,and HOMA-IR de-creased significantly(P<0.05)compared with before treatment.Levels of TG,TC,and HDL-C did not change significantly.CONCLUSION:Weekend fasting improved glucose metabolism,lowered BP,reduced LDL-C levels,BMI,and WC.These data suggest that weekend fasting may be an effective therapy for MetS by protection against coronary atherosclerosis. | Yubin Yang Qiong Li Shuqing Chen Bin Ke Yinjuan Huang Jian Qin | 2014 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2014，34，1： | 8 |
| 11 | Synergistic Contribution of Precipitation Anomalies over Northwestern India and the South China Sea to High Temperature over the Yangtze River Valley显示文摘This study explores the characteristics of high temperature anomalies over eastern China and associated influencing factors using observations and model outputs.Results show that more long-duration(over 8 days) high temperature events occur over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Valley(YRV) than over the surrounding regions,and control most of the interannual variation of summer mean temperature in situ.The synergistic effect of summer precipitation over the South China Sea(SCS) region(18°–27°N,115°–124°E) and the northwestern India and Arabian Sea(IAS) region(18°–27°N,60°–80°E) contributes more significantly to the variation of summer YRV temperature,relative to the respective SCS or IAS precipitation anomaly.More precipitation(enhanced condensational heating) over the SCS region strengthens the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH) and simultaneously weakens the westerly trough over the east coast of Asia,and accordingly results in associated high temperature anomalies over the YRV region through stimulating an East Asia–Pacific(EAP) pattern.More precipitation over the IAS region further adjusts the variations of the WPSH and westerly trough,and eventually reinforces high temperature anomalies over the YRV region.Furthermore,the condensational heating related to more IAS precipitation can adjust upper-tropospheric easterly anomalies over the YRV region by exciting a circumglobal teleconnection,inducing cold horizontal temperature advection and related anomalous descent,which is also conducive to the YRV high temperature anomalies.The reproduction of the above association in the model results indicates that the above results can be explained both statistically and dynamically. | LIU Ge WU Renguang SUN Shuqing WANG Huimei | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，9： | 8 |
| 12 | Rice-duck co-culture benefits grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline accumulation and quality and yield enhancement of fragrant rice显示文摘Rice-duck co-culture is an integrated farming technology that benefits rice production, grain quality, and ecological sustainability in paddy fields. However, little is known about the effects of rice-duck co-culture on enzyme activity involved in the biosynthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP), the volatile that gives fragrant rice its' distinctive and sought-after aroma. The present study aimed to examine the influence of rice-duck co-culture on the photosynthesis, yield, grain quality, rice aroma, and the enzymes involved in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline biosynthesis in the cultivar Meixiangzhan 2 during the early and late rice growing seasons of 2016 in Guangzhou, China. We compared the rice grown in paddy fields with and without ducks. We found that rice-duck co-culture not only improved the yield and quality of fragrant rice grain, but also promoted the precursors of 2-AP biosynthesis formation and 2-AP accumulation in the grain. Grain 2-AP content in rice-duck co-culture was noticeably increased with 9.60% and 20.81% in early and late seasons, respectively. Proline and pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid (P5C) (precursors of 2-AP biosynthesis) and the activity of enzymes such as proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) and Δ1 pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthetase (P5CS) were all improved by 10.15%–12.99%, 32.91%–47.75%, 17.81%–26.71%, 6.25%–21.78%, and 10.58%–38.87% under rice-duck co-culture in both seasons, respectively. Overall, our results suggest that rice-duck co-culture is an environmentally-friendly and sustainable approach to improving rice aroma and grain quality of fragrant rice. | Meijuan Li Ronghua Li Shiwei Liu Jia'en Zhang Hao Luo Shuqing Qiu | 2019 | The Crop Journal2019，7，4： | 8 |
| 13 | Enhanced ozonation of dichloroacetic acid in aqueous solution using nanometer ZnO powders显示文摘Nanometer zinc oxide(ZnO) powders were used as a catalyst to enhance the ozonation for the degradation of dichloroacetic acid(DCAA) in aqueous solution.The batch experiments were carried out to investigate the eflects of key factors such as catalyst dosage,ozone dosage,solution pH and tert-butyl alcohol(t-BuOH) on the degradation eflciency of DCAA.Density functional theory(DFT) was adopted to explore the mechanism of generating hydroxyl radical(.OH) on the ZnO surface.The results showed that adsorption and ozonation processes were not eflective for DCAA removal,and the addition of ZnO catalyst improved the degradation eflciency of DCAA during ozonation,which caused an increase of 22.8%for DCAA decomposition compared to the case of ozonation alone after 25 min.Under the same experimental conditions,the DCAA decomposition was enhanced by increasing catalyst dosage from 100 to 500 mg/L and ozone dosage from 0.83 to 3.2 mg/L.The catalytic ozonation process is more pronounced than the ozonation process alone at pH 3.93,6.88,and 10.With increasing the concentration of t-BuOH from 10 to 200 mg/L,the degradation of DCAA was significantly inhibited in the process of catalytic ozonation,indicating that ZnO catalytic ozonation followed.OH reaction mechanism.Based on the experimental results and DFT analysis,it is deduced that the generation of.OH on the ZnO surface is ascribed to the adsorption of molecule ozone followed by the interaction of adsorbed ozone with active sites of the catalyst surface.It is also concluded that ZnO may be an eflective catalyst for DCAA removal,which could promote the formation of.OH derived from the catalytic decomposition of ozone. | Xu Zhai Zhonglin Chen Shuqing Zhao He Wang Lei Yang | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，10： | 7 |
| 14 | Decreased nitrous oxide emissions associated with functional microbial genes under bio-organic fertilizer application in vegetable fields显示文摘Bio-organic fertilizers enriched with plant growth-promoting microbes(PGPMs)have been widely used in crop fields to promote plant growth and maintain soil microbiome functions.However,their potential effects on N_(2)O emissions are of increasing concern.In this study,an in situ measurement experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of organic fertilizer containing Trichoderma guizhouense(a plant growth-promoting fungus)on soil N_(2)O emissions from a greenhouse vegetable field.The following four treatments were used:no fertilizer(control),chemical fertilizer(NPK),organic fertilizer derived from cattle manure(O),and organic fertilizer containing T.guizhouense(O+T,referring to bio-organic fertilizer).The abundances of soil N cycling-related functional genes(amoA)from ammonium-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)and archaea(AOA),as well as nirS,nirK,and nosZ,were simultaneously determined using quantitative PCR(qPCR).Compared to the NPK plot,seasonal total N_(2)O emissions decreased by 11.7%and 18.7%in the O and O+T plots,respectively,which was attributed to lower NH_(4)^(+)-N content and AOB amoA abundance in the O and O+T plots.The nosZ abundance was significantly greater in the O+T plot,whilst the AOB amoA abundance was significantly lower in the O+T plot than in the O plot.Relative to the organic fertilizer,bio-organic fertilizer application tended to decrease N_(2)O emissions by 7.9%and enhanced vegetable yield,resulting in a significant decrease in yield-scaled N_(2)O emissions.Overall,the results of this study suggested that,compared to organic and chemical fertilizers,bio-organic fertilizers containing PGPMs could benefit crop yield and mitigate N_(2)O emissions in vegetable fields. | Yajun GENG Yiming YUAN Yingcheng MIAO Junzhang ZHI Mengyuan HUANG Yihe ZHANG Hong WANG Qirong SHEN Jianwen ZOU Shuqing LI | 2021 | Pedosphere2021，31，2： | 7 |
| 15 | Cylindrical vector beam multiplexer/demultiplexer using off-axis polarization control显示文摘The emergence of cylindrical vector beam(CVB)multiplexing has opened new avenues for high-capacity optical communication.Although several configurations have been developed to couple/separate CVBs,the CVB multiplexer/demultiplexer remains elusive due to lack of effective off-axis polarization control technologies.Here we report a straightforward approach to realize off-axis polarization control for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing based on a metal–dielectric–metal metasurface.We show that the left-and right-handed circularly polarized(LHCP/RHCP)components of CVBs are independently modulated via spin-to-orbit interactions by the properly designed metasurface,and then simultaneously multiplexed and demultiplexed due to the reversibility of light path and the conservation of vector mode.We also show that the proposed multiplexers/demultiplexers are broadband(from 1310 to 1625 nm)and compatible with wavelength-division-multiplexing.As a proof of concept,we successfully demonstrate a four-channel CVB multiplexing communication,combining wavelength-division-multiplexing and polarization-division-multiplexing with a transmission rate of 1.56 Tbit/s and a bit-error-rate of 10^(−6) at the receive power of−21.6 dBm.This study paves the way for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing and may benefit high-capacity CVB communication. | Shuqing Chen Zhiqiang Xie Huapeng Ye Xinrou Wang Zhenghao Guo Yanliang He Ying Li Xiaocong Yuan Dianyuan Fan | 2021 | Light(Science & Applications)2021，10，12： | 6 |
| 16 | Astudyofanewretrievalalgorithmformeasurementofoceanicwindvectorsfieldusingsatellitemicrowavescatterometer显示文摘AstudyofanewretrievalalgorithmformeasurementofoceanicwindvectorsfieldusingsatellitemicrowavescatterometerLinMingsen,SunYing,Z... | Lin Mingsen Sun Ying Zheng Shuqing(Received February 10, 1997 accepted June 9, 1997) | 1998 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica1998，17，3： | 6 |
| 17 | Biodegradation and origin of oil sands in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin显示文摘The oil sands deposits in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) comprise of at least 85% of the total immobile bitumen in place in the world and are so concentrated as to be virtually the only such deposits that are economically recoverable for conversion to oil. The major deposits are in three geographic and geologic regions of Alberta: Athabasca, Cold Lake and Peace River. The bitumen reserves have oil gravities ranging from 8 to 12° API, and are hosted in the reservoirs of varying age, ranging from Devonian (Grosmont Formation) to Early Cretaceous (Mannville Group). They were derived from light oils in the southern Alberta and migrated to the north and east for over 100 km during the Laramide Orogeny, which was responsible for the uplift of the Rocky Mountains. Biodegradation is the only process that transforms light oil into bitumen in such a dramatic way that overshadowed other alterations with minor contributions. The levels of biodegradation in the basin increasing from west (non-biodegraded) to east (extremely biodegraded) can be attributed to decreasing reservoir temperature, which played the primary role in controlling the biodegradation regime. Once the reservoir was heated to approximately 80 °C, it was pasteurized and no biodegradation would further occur. However, reservoir temperature could not alone predict the variations of the oil composition and physical properties. Compositional gradients and a wide range of biodegradation degree at single reservoir column indicate that the water-leg size or the volume ratio of oil to water is one of the critical local controls for the vertical variations of biodegradation degree and oil physical properties. Late charging and mixing of the fresh and degraded oils ultimately dictate the final distribution of compositions and physical properties found in the heavy oil and oil sand fields. Oil geochemistry can reveal precisely the processes and levels that control these variations in a given field, which opens the possibility of model-driven prediction of oil properties and sweet spots in reservoirs. | Zhou Shuqing Huang Haiping Liu Yuming | 2008 | Petroleum Science2008，5，2： | 6 |
| 18 | A thermosensitive gel formulation of an empirical traditional Chinese prescription for treating cervical erosion显示文摘Cervical eropion,a pathological change associated with chronic cervicitis,is a common condition that is difficult to cure.M any pa tients particularly those with mild or medium infection and those preparing for pregnancy require a simple but effective medication.In this study,extracts of an empirical herbal prescription composed of six Chinese traditional drugs viz Cortex Phellodendri,Rhizoma Coptidis,Olibanum,Myrrha,borneol and catechu were formulated to facilitate intravaginal administration and improve efficacy.An extract of the first four components was formulated with borneol as a thermosensitive gel(TG)while an extract of catechu used to prepare a regular gel(CG)because of a chemical incompatibility.The optimized TG was prepared using poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188.The CG was prepared using glycerin,carbopol and triethanolamine.The gels were characterized in vitro in terms of release of berberine(TG)and total catechins(CG)and in vivo in a rat model of cervical erosion.Trea tment by once daily application of the TG for 7 days followed by once daily application of the CG for 3 days produced a restoration of normal tissues.Gel formulation of the empirical Chinese traditional remedy appears to provide a promising treatment for cervical erosion. | Shuqing Zhou Xiaoling Zheng Caihong Zheng Fan Qu Xuefen Cai Juanhua Xu | 2012 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2012，2，5： | 6 |
| 19 | Exogenous Melatonin Improves Physiological Characteristics and Promotes Growth of Strawberry Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress显示文摘Melatonin,as a plant growth regulator,is involved in plant stress resistance.We studied the effects of different concentrations(0,10,50,100,150,and 200μmol·L−1)of melatonin on the growth and physiological characteristics of strawberry under cadmium(Cd)stress.The results represented that the growth of strawberry seedlings was inhibited under Cd stress,and the seedling biomass,chlorophyll content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),and ascorbate peroxidase(APX)decreased.These toxic effects were,however,effectively remediated by exogenous melatonin pretreatment.Melatonin treatment slowed the inhibitory effect of seedling growth and significantly increased seedling biomass,chlorophyll content,antioxidant enzyme activities,and soluble protein levels in leaves and roots compared with the control.Melatonin treatment also reduced the malondialdehyde(MDA)content and the oxidative stress reactions,increased the anthocyanin content,and slowed the senescence rate,thereby reducing the toxic effects of Cd on strawberries.This indicates that foliar application of melatonin can effectively remediate the adverse effects of Cd on strawberry seedlings;the greatest effect was obtained with melatonin concentration of 100μmol·L−1. | Shuqing Wu Yao Wang Junkang Zhang Xiaojun Gong Zhen Zhang Jingjing Sun Xuesen Chen Yanling Wang | 2021 | Horticultural Plant Journal2021，7，1： | 6 |
| 20 | Buoyancy effect on heat transfer in rotating smooth square U-duct at high rotation number显示文摘The buoyancy effect on heat transfer in a rotating,two-pass,square channel is experimentally investigated in curent work.The classical copper plate technique is performed to measure the regional averaged heat transfer cofficients.In order to perform a fundamental research,all turbulators are removed away.Two approaches of altering Buoyancy numbers are selected:varying rotation number from 0 to 2.08 at Reynolds number ranges of 10000 to 70000,and varying inlet density ratio from 0.07 to 0.16 at Reynolds number of 10000.And thus,Buoyancy numbers range from 0 to 12.9 for both cases.According to the experimental results,the relationships between heat transfer and Buoyancy numbers are in accord with those obtained under different rotation numbers.For both leading and trailing surface,a critical Buoyancy number exists for each X/D location.Before the critical point,the effect of Buoyancy number on heat transfer is limited;but after that,the Nusselt number ratios show different increase rate.Given the same rotation number,higher wall temperature ratios with its corresponding higher Buoyancy numbers substantially enhance heat transfer on both passages.And the critical exceed-point that heat transfer from trailing surface higher than leading surface happens at the same Buoyancy number for different wall temperature ratios in the second passage.Thus,the stronger buoyancy effect promotes heat transfer enhancement at high rotation number condition. | Yang Li Guoqiang Xu Hongwu Deng Shuqing Tian | 2014 | Propulsion and Power Research2014，3，3： | 6 |
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