|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 评估大气细颗粒物暴露引起的全球疾病负担的一个综合风险函数显示文摘[背景]评估由于环境空气中细颗粒物(PM2.5)长期暴露引起的疾病负担,需要了解相对风险度(RR)函数的图形和幅度。然而,在世界上很多观察到高PM2.5环境浓度的地方,都缺乏足够的直接证据确定死亡RR函数的图形。[目的]建立可用于全球PM2.5暴露范围内成人死因的RR函数:缺血性心脏病(IHD)、脑血管疾病(脑卒中)、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和肺癌(LC)。建立急性下呼吸道感染(ALRI)发病的RR函数,用于估算〈5岁的儿童中死亡率和健康生活损失年数。[方法]通过整合现有的来自于环境空气污染(AAP)、二手烟草烟雾、家用固体烹饪用燃料和主动吸烟(AS)等研究的RR信息,拟合综合暴露-反应(IER)模型。采用颗粒物质的吸入剂量,通过转化AS暴露来估计全年PM2.5的暴露当量。在估算全球环境PM2.5浓度的基础上,得出各国的人群归因分数(PAFs)。[结果]与以往负担评估中使用的其他7种模型相比,IER模型是一种优越的RR预测方法。在不同国家中,归因于AAP暴露的PAF百分数各不相同,分别为:IHD,2~41;脑卒中,1~43;COPD,〈1~21;LC,〈1~25;ALRI,〈1~38。[结论]我们建立了一种以细颗粒物为基础的RR模型,它通过整合来自不同类型的燃烧所产生颗粒物排放的RR信息,涵盖全球范围的暴露。当获得新的RR信息时,可以对这个模型进行更新。 | Richard T.Burnett C.Arden Pope III Majid Ezzati Casey Olives Stephen S.Lim Sumi Mehta Hwashin H.Shin Gitanjali Singh Bryan Hubbell Michael Brauer H.Ross Anderson Kirk R.Smith John R.Balmes Nigel G.Bruce Haidong Kan Francine Laden Annette Prüss-Ustün Michelle C.Turner Susan M.Gapstur W.Ryan Diver Aaron Cohen 何蓉 张伊人 金泰廙 | 2014 | 环境与职业医学2014，31，11： | 80 |
| 2 | GRADE指南:Ⅷ.证据质量评价--间接性显示文摘直接证据来自直接比较我们关注的干预措施用于我们关注的患者人群,并测量患者重要结局的研究。间接证据可由以下4种方式之一产生。第一,患者可能与我们关注的患者不同(适用性一词常用于这类间接性)。第二,所检验的干预措施可能与我们关注的干预措施不同。有关患者和干预措施间接性的决策取决于对生物或社会因素差异是否大到可能使效应尺度出现预期的较大差异的考虑。第三,结果可能有别于最初设定的结局指标——如替代结果本身不重要,但测量之是基于替代结果的变化反映患者重要结局变化这一假设。第四类间接性在概念上与前三类不同,发生于临床医生必须在未经直接比较的两种干预措施间做出选择时。这种情况下比较治疗方案需要特定的统计方法,并根据患者人群、联合干预措施、结局测量指标及备选干预措施试验方法的差异程度,将证据级别降低1或2级。 | Gordon Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Regina Kunz James Woodcock Jan Brozek Mark Helfand Pablo Alonso-Coello Yngve Falck-Ytter Roman Jaeschke Gunn Vist Elie A.Akl Piet N Post Susan Norris Joerg Meerpohl Mona Nasser 代表GRADE工作组 李幼平 杨晓妍 李鸿浩 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 30 |
| 3 | 答威利之疑 论弗利尔美术馆馆藏汉代博山炉的风格与年代显示文摘1947年,威利(Wenley)为弗利尔美术馆收集到一件博山炉,尚不知其出处和年代。这件博山炉的山型盖上装饰着错金银和珍贵的宝石,是中国境外最精美的香炉之一。之后威利发表了一篇题为“对博山炉的质疑”的文章,其中心是推断博山炉的年代。他在作艰难的选择,是接受以前的学术成就,把博山炉的年代定在西汉时期?还是坚持自己的所做的风格分析,认为这件器物的年代应追溯于战国时期? | Susan N·Erickson 宋莉(译) | 2002 | 西北美术2002，，3： | 4 |
| 4 | Th1 cytokines promote T-cell binding to antigen-presenting cells via enhanced hyaluronan production and accumulation at the immune synapse显示文摘Hyaluronan(HA)production by dendritic cells(DCs)is known to promote antigen presentation and to augment T-cell activation and proliferation.We hypothesized that pericellular HA can function as intercellular‘glue’directly mediating T cell–DC binding.Using primary human cells,we observed HA-dependent binding between T cells and DCs,which was abrogated upon pre-treatment of the DCs with 4-methylumbelliferone(4-MU),an agent which blocks HA synthesis.Furthermore,T cells regulate HA production by DCs via T cell-derived cytokines in a T helper(Th)subset-specific manner,as demonstrated by the observation that cell-culture supernatants from Th1 but not Th2 clones promote HA production.Similar effects were seen upon the addition of exogenous Th1 cytokines,IL-2,interferon c(IFN-c)and tumor necrosis factor a(TNF-a).The critical factors which determined the extent of DC–T cell binding in this system were the nature of the pre-treatment the DCs received and their capacity to synthesize HA,as T-cell clones which were pre-treated with monensin,added to block cytokine secretion,bound equivalently irrespective of their Th subset.These data support the existence of a feedforward loop wherein T-cell cytokines influence DC production of HA,which in turn affects the extent of DC–T cell binding.We also document the presence of focal deposits of HA at the immune synapse between T-cells and APC and on dendritic processes thought to be important in antigen presentation.These data point to a pivotal role for HA in DC–T cell interactions at the IS. | Paul L Bollyky Stephen P Evanko Rebecca P Wu Susan Potter-Perigo S Alice Long Brian Kinsella Helena Reijonen Kelly Guebtner Brandon Teng Christina K Chan Kathy R Braun John A Gebe Gerald T Nepom Thomas N Wight | 2010 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2010，7，3： | 3 |
| 5 | 知证卫生决策工具之十一--查找和使用当地证据显示文摘当地证据是指来源于卫生政策或卫生项目所涉及的特定环境的证据。需要这类证据与其它形式的证据共同支持方案决择。全球证据是判断政策效果及其影响因素和深入了解问题解决办法的最佳出发点。而当地证据大多数是在判断应采纳哪些决定及采取哪些措施时使用。本文提出以下5个问题供政策制定者在识别和评价当地证据进行知证决策时参考:①知证决策需要什么样的当地证据?②如何获得必需的当地证据?③如何评价现有当地证据的质量?④当地证据的可获得性、质量或结果是否有重要变化?⑤如何整合当地证据与其他信息? | Simon Lewin Andrew D Oxman John N Lavis Atle Fretheim Sebastian Garcia Marti Susan Munabi-Babigumira 李幼平 王莉 成岚 蒋兰慧 蔡羽嘉 | 2010 | 中国循证医学杂志2010，10，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Flexible transgastric peritoneoscopy: a novel approach to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in the peritoneal cavity显示文摘 | Anthony N Kalloo Vikesh K Singh Sanjay B Jagannath Hideaki Niiyama Susan L Hill Cheryl A Vaughn Carolyn A Magee Sergey V Kantsevoy | 2004 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2004，，1： | 2 |
| 7 | The influence of EDDS on the uptake of heavy metal in hydroponically grown sunflowers显示文摘 | Susan T Rainer S Bemd N | 2006 | Chemosphere2006，62，： | 1 |
| 8 | Influenza A virus-induced apoptosis is a multifactorial process:Exploiting reverse genetics to elucidate the role of influenza A virus proteins in virus-induced apoptosis显示文摘 | Susan J M Katherine N Harry S | 2005 | Virology2005，335，： | 1 |
| 9 | Antibiosis revisited: bacterio- cins produced by dairy starter cultures显示文摘 | Susan F B Catherine G N | 1993 | Journal of Dairy Science1993，76，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Strain localization in sand: plane versus triaxial compression显示文摘 | Khalid A Susan N Stein F | 2003 | Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering2003，129，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Flexible transgastric peritoneoscopy: a novel approach to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in the peritoneal cavity显示文摘 | Anthony N Kalloo Vikesh K Singh Sanjay B Jagannath Hideaki Niiyama Susan L Hill Cheryl A Vaughn Carolyn A Magee Sergey V Kantsevoy | 2004 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2004，，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Blood a-synuclein in agricultural pesticide handlers in central Washington state 显示文摘 | Susan S N Harvey C Jing Zhang | 2015 | Environmental Research2015，136，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Organization and differential activation of a gene family encoding the plant defense enzyme chalcone synthase in Phaseolus vulgaris显示文摘 | THOMAS B RYDER SUSAN A HEDRICK JOHN N Bell | 1987 | Mol Gen Genet1987，210，： | 1 |
| 14 | Learning Environment,Motivation,and Achievement in High School Science显示文摘 | | 2003 | Journal of Research in Science Teaching2003，，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Centrosome amplification drives chromosomal instability in breast tumor development显示文摘 | Wilma L L Susan L B Vivian C N | 2002 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2002，99，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Low density lipoprotein antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds and polyphenol oxidase activity in selected clingstone peach cultivars显示文摘 | CHANG Susan Tan C Edwin N | 2000 | J Agricultural and Food Chemistry2000，48，： | 1 |
| 17 | The use of styrene maleic acid nanomicelles encapsulating the synthetic cannabinoid analog WIN55,212-2 for the treatment of cancer显示文摘 | XIAN Susan PARAYATH N N NEHOFF H | 2015 | Anticanc Res2015，35，9： | 1 |
| 18 | A survey of tobacco dependence treatment guidelines in 31 countries显示文摘 | MARTIN RAW SUSAN REGAN RIGOTTI N A | 2009 | Addiction2009，，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Zoledronic Acid显示文摘 | Susan MC Stuart N | 2001 | Drugs2001，61，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Progress in reducing nausea and emesis 显示文摘 | Jane T Susan N | 1995 | Cancer1995，76，3： | 1 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员