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| 1 | The relationship between NDVI and precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘西藏的高原上的 NDVI 的时间、空间的变化,以及在 NDVI 和降水之间的关系,在这份报纸被讨论,由使用 8-km 分辨率从 1982 ~ 1999 的多时间的 NOAA AVHRR-NDVI 数据。每月最大的 NDVI 和每月的降雨被用来分析季节的变化,和年度最大值 NDVI,年度有效降水和成长季节降水(从 4 月到 8 月) 被用来讨论 interannual 变化。在 NDVI 和降雨之间的 NDVI 和关联系数的动态变化为每个象素被计算。结果如下:(1 ) NDVI 在种季节到达了山峰(从 7 月到 9 月) 在西藏的高原上。在高原的北、西方的部分,成长季节是很短的(大约二或三个月) ;但是在里面南部,植被几乎所有一年周围成长了。每月最大的 NDVI 和每月的降雨的关联在不同区域变化了。它在西方、北、南部的部分是弱的,但是在中央、东方的部分强壮。(2 ) NDVI interannual 的空间分发动态变化也是不同的。增加区域主要在南部的西藏山区的灌木大草原地区,西方的四川东方的西藏山区的具球果的森林地区的西方的部分, Kunlun 山区的荒芜的地区的北斜坡的西方的部分和 Himalaya 的南部的斜坡的东南的部分被散布山区常绿树阔叶的森林地区;减少区域主要在 Qaidam 山区的荒芜的地区,东方 Qinghai-Qilian 山区的大草原地区的西方、北的部分,南部的 Qinghai 高冷的草地大草原地区和 Ngari 被散布山区的荒芜大草原、荒芜的地区。在年度有效降雨和年度最大的 NDVI 之间的关联系数的空间分发类似于成长季节降雨和年度最大的 NDVI ,并且与中等植被盖子在草地和草地在 NDVI 和降雨之间有好关系,并且植被上的降雨的效果在森林和荒芜的区域里是小的。 | DING Mingjun ZHANG Yili LIU Linshan ZHANG Wei WANG Zhaofeng BAI Wanqi | 2007 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2007，17，3： | 45 |
| 2 | Spatiotemporal variation in alpine grassland phenology in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1999 to 2009显示文摘Plant phenology is the most salient and sensitive indicator of terrestrial ecosystem response to climate change.Studying its change is significantly important in understanding and predicting impressively changes in terrestrial ecosystem.Based on NDVI from SPOT VGT,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal changes in alpine grassland phenology in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1999 to 2009.The results are enumerated as follows:(1) The spatial distribution of the average alpine grassland phenology from 1999 to 2009 is closely related to water and heat conditions.Accompanying the deterioration in heat and water conditions from southeast to northwest,the start of growth season(SOG) was delayed gradually,the end of growth season(EOG) advanced slowly,and the length of growth season(LOG) shortened gradually.Elevation played an important role in the regional differentiation of phenology,but a dividing line of approximately 3500 m existed.Below this line,the phenology fluctuated irregularly with altitude change,whereas above the line,the phenology is closely related to altitude change.(2) From 1999 to 2009,SOG of the alpine grassland came earlier by six days per decade(R2=0.281,P=0.093),EOG was late by two days per decade(R2=0.031,P=0.605),and LOG lengthened by eight days per decade(R2=0.479,P=0.018).The early SOG,the late EOG,and the extended LOG mainly occurred at the center and east of the Plateau.SOG in most of the Plateau advanced significantly,especially in the eastern Plateau.(3) The inter-annual phenology changes of the alpine grassland in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau exhibited significant differentiation at different elevation and natural zones.The inter-annual changes at high altitude were more complicated than that at low altitude.The most significant phenology changes were found in the eastern Qinghai-Qilian montane steppe zone,and non-significant changes occurred in the Southern Tibet montane shrub-steppe zone. | DING MingJun ZHANG YiLi SUN XiaoMin LIU LinShan WANG ZhaoFeng BAI WanQi | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，3： | 44 |
| 3 | Spatial and temporal variability in the net primary production of alpine grassland on the Tibetan Plateau since 1982显示文摘基于 GIMMS AVHRR NDVI 数据( 8 km 空间分辨率)为 19822000 , SPOT 植被 NDVI 数据( 1 km 空间分辨率)为 19982009 ,并且观察植物生物资源数据, CASA 模型习惯于在高山的草地的变化在西藏的高原( TP )上让主要生产( NPP )赚的模型。这研究将帮助评估高山的草地生态系统的健康条件,并且对高原牧场并且到 TP 上的国家生态的安全躲蔽处的函数的理解的持续开发的提升很重要。NPP 变化的时间空间的特征用空间统计分析被调查,独立根据 physico 地理的因素(自然地区,高度,纬度和经度) ,河盆,和县级的行政区域。处理的数据用一个 ENVI 4.8 平台被执行,当一个 ArcGIS 9.3 和 ANUSPLIN 平台被用来进行空间分析并且印射时。主要结果如下:(1 ) TP 上的高山的草地的 NPP 逐渐地从东南减少到西北,它在降水和温度对应于坡度。从 1982 ~ 2009,在 TP 高山的草地的平均年度全部的 NPP 是 177.2 ?? ?? ? | ZHANG Yili QI Wei ZHOU Caiping DING Mingjun LIU Linshan GAO Jungang BAI Wanqi WANG Zhaofeng ZHENG Du | 2014 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2014，24，2： | 47 |
| 4 | Identification of gamyb-4 and Analysis of the Regulatory Role of GAMYB in Rice Anther Development显示文摘In higher plants,male reproductive development is a complex biological process that includes cell division and differentiation,cell to cell communication etc.,while the mechanism underlying plant male reproductive development remains less understood.GAMYB encodes a gibberellins acid(GA) inducible transcription factor that is required for the early anther development in rice(Oryza sativa L.).Here,we report the isolation and characterization of a new allele gamyb-4 with a C base deletion in the second exon(+2308),causing a frame shift and premature translational termination.Histological analysis showed that gamyb-4 developed abnormal enlarged tapetum and could not undergo normal meiosis.To understand the regulatory role of GAMYB,we carried out quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis and comparison of microarray data.These results revealed that the expression of TDR(TAPETUM DEGENERATION RETARDATION),a tapetal cell death regulator,was downregulated in gamyb-4 and udt1(undeveloped tapetum1).While the GAMYB expression was not obviously changed in tdr and udt1-1,and no apparent expression fold change of UDT1 in tdr and gamyb-4,suggesting that TDR may act downstream of GAMYB and UDT1,and GAMYB and UDT1 work in parallel to regulate rice early anther development.This work is helpful in understanding the regulatory network in rice anther development. | Zhenhua Liu Wenjie Bao Wanqi Liang Jingyuan Yin Dabing Zhang | 2010 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2010，52，7： | 35 |
| 5 | Alpine wetlands in the Lhasa River Basin, China显示文摘拉萨河盆是西藏的高原上的高山的沼泽地的典型分发区域之一。为监视,保护和利用得到背景的更好的理解和高山的沼泽地的特征是很重要的。在盆的沼泽地建设和分发包括域调查数据, CBERS 遥感数据和 3S 技术提供的另外的题目的数据基于多来源数据被分析。结果是(1 ) 沼泽地的全部的区域是 209,322.26 hm2,为盆的 6.37% 全部的陆地区域的财务。沼泽地被自然沼泽地主要统治,与仅仅占据 1.09% 沼泽地区域的人工的沼泽地;沼泽地沼泽地是自然沼泽地的主要部分,由 Kobresia littledalei 统治了在河来源区域分布式的沼泽的草地并且 Chali, Damshung 和 Medro 在上游 Gongkar 县。在不同的县的沼泽地的比率和类型显著地不同,它在 Chali 和 Damshung 县(为 62% 全部的沼泽地区域的财务) 是广泛地分布式的。(2 ) 沼泽地的集中的垂直分发在 36005100 m 的举起。沼泽地广泛地从河来源在整个 Yarlung Zangbo 河山谷被散布到河嘴进 Yarlung Zangbo 河。沼泽地沼泽地在来源区域是主导的并且河在上游与湖的马赛克分发, Kobresia littledalei 和 Carex moorcroftii 沼泽的草地,灌木状的沼泽地和河;至于中间下面流,主要类型是河沼泽地并且充满沼泽地。分发在河,小而淡的 Kobresia 和 Carex moorcroftii 的一个马赛克模式沼泽的草地, Phragmites 南极光和辅助的草沼泽地,充满的沼泽地和人工的沼泽地。 | ZHANG Yili WANG Chunlian BAI Wanqi WANG Zhaofeng TU Yanli YANGJAEN Dor Gka | 2010 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2010，20，3： | 32 |
| 6 | The AGL6-like gene OsMADS6 regulates floral organ and meristem identities in rice显示文摘Although AGAMOUS-LIKE6 (AGL6) MADS-box genes are ancient with wide distributions in gymnosperms and angiosperms, their functions remain poorly understood. Here, we show the biological role of the AGL6-1ike gene, OsMADS6, in specifying floral organ and meristem identities in rice (Oryza sativa L.). OsMADS6 was strongly ex- pressed in the floral meristem at early stages. Subsequently, OsMADS6 transcripts were mainly detectable in paleas, lodicules, carpels and the integument of ovule, as well as in the receptacle. Compared to wild type plants, osmads6 mutants displayed altered palea identity, extra glume-like or mosaic organs, abnormal carpel development and loss of floral meristem determinacy. Strikingly, mutation of a SEPALLATA (SEP)-like gene, OsMADS1 (LHS1), enhanced the defect of osmads6 flowers, and no inner floral organs or glume-like structures were observed in whorls 2 and 3 of osmadsl-z osmads6-1 flowers. Furthermore, the osmadsl-z osmads6-1 double mutants developed severely indetermi- nate floral meristems. Our finding, therefore, suggests that the ancient OsMADS6 gene is able to specify 'floral state' by determining floral organ and meristem identities in monocot crop rice together with OsMADS1. | Haifeng Li Wanqi Liang Ruidong Jia Changsong Yin Jie Zong Hongzhi Kong Dabing Zhang | 2010 | Cell Research2010，20，3： | 33 |
| 7 | Development of japonica Photo-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice Lines by Editing Carbon Starved Anther Using CRISPR/Cas9显示文摘Rice is one of the most important crops as it supports over25%of total caloric intake for humans(Kusano et al.,2015).The world population reached 7.3 billion in 2015 and is projected to reach 8.5 billion in 2030(Word Population Prospects:2015 Revision).To meet the food demands for the everincreasing population with limited arable land,scarce | Quanlin Li Dabing Zhang Mingjiao Chen Wanqi Liang Jiaojun Wei Yiping Qi Zheng Yuan | 2016 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2016，43，6： | 26 |
| 8 | Characteristics of grassland degradation and driving forces in the source region of the Yellow River from 1985 to 2000显示文摘The source region of the Yellow River is located in the middle east of the Tibetan Plateau in northwest China. The total area is about 51,700 km2, mainly covered by grassland (79%), unused land (16%) and water (4%). The increasing land utilization in this area has increased the risk of environmental degradation. The land use/cover data (1985 and 2000) provided by the Data Center of Resources and Environment in the Chinese Academy of Sciences were used to analyze the land cover change in the source region of the Yellow River. DEM (1:250,000) data, roads and settlement data were used to analyze the spatial characteristics of grasslands degradation. The ArcGIS 9 software was used to convert data types and do the overlay, reclassification and zonal statistic analysis. Results show that grassland degradation is the most important land cover change in the study area, which occupied 8.24% of the region’s total area. Human activities are the main causes of the grassland degradation in the source region of the Yellow River: 1) the degradation rate is higher on the sunny slope than on the shady slope; 2) the grassland degradation rate decreases with an increase in the elevation, and it has a correlation coefficient of -0.93; 3) the nearer to the settlements the grassland is, the higher the degradation rate. Especially within a distance range of 12 km to the settlements, the grassland degradation rate is highly related with the distance, with a coefficient of -0.99; and 4) in the range of 4 km, the degradation rate decreases with the increase of distance to the roads, with a correlation coefficient of -0.98. Besides some physical factors, human activities have been the most important driving forces of the grassland degradation in the source region of the Yellow River since 1985. To resolve the degradation problems, population control is essential, and therefore, it can reduce the social demand of livestock products from the grassland. To achieve sustainable development, it needs to improve the management of grassland ecosystem. | LIU Linshan ZHANG Yili BAI Wanqi YAN Jianzhong | 2006 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2006，16，2： | 22 |
| 9 | Rice CYP703A3, a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase, is essential for development of anther cuticle and pollen exine显示文摘Anther cuticle and pollen exine act as protective envelopes for the male gametophyte or pollen grain, but the mechanism underlying the synthesis of these lipidic polymers remains unclear. Previously, a tapetum‐expressed CYP703A3, a putative cytochrome P450 fatty acid hydroxylase, was shown to be essential for male fertility in rice(Oryza sativa L.). However,the biochemical and biological roles of CYP703A3 has not been characterized. Here, we observed that cyp703a3‐2 caused by one base insertion in CYP703A3 displays defective pollen exine and anther epicuticular layer, which differs from Arabidopsis cyp703a2 in which only defective pollen exine occurs. Consistently, chemical composition assay showed that levels of cutin monomers and wax components were dramatically reduced in cyp703a3‐2 anthers. Unlike the wide range of substrates of Arabidopsis CYP703A2, CYP703A3 functions as an in‐chain hydroxylase only for a specific substrate, lauric acid, preferably generating 7‐hydroxylated lauric acid. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation and expression analyses revealed that the expression of CYP703A3 is directly regulated by Tapetum Degeneration Retardation, a known regulator of tapetum PCD and pollen exine formation. Collectively, our results suggest that CYP703A3 represents a conserved and diversified biochemical pathway for in‐chain hydroxylation of lauric acid required for the development of male organ in higher plants. | Xijia Yang Di Wu Jianxin Shi Yi He Franck Pinot Bernard Grausem Changsong Yin Lu Zhu Mingjiao Chen Zhijing Luo Wanqi Liang Dabing Zhang | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2014，56，10： | 21 |
| 10 | Land cover change along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway and Railway from 1981 to 2001显示文摘Based on the NOAA AVHRR-NDVI monthly data from 1981 to 2001, the spatial distribution and dynamic change of land cover along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway and Railway were studied. The results of the analytical data indicate that the NDVI values in July, August and September are rather high during a year, and a linear trend by calculating NDVI of each pixel computed based on the average values of NDVI in July, August and September were obtained. The results are as follows: 1) Land cover of the study area by NDVI displays high at two sides of the area and low in the center, and agriculture area > alpine meadow > alpine grassland > desert grassland. 2) In the study area, the amount of pixels with high increase, slight increase, no change, slight decrease and high decrease account for 0.29%, 14.86%, 67.61%, 16.7% and 0.57% of the whole area, respectively. The increase of land cover pixels is mainly in the agriculture and alpine meadow and the decrease pixels mainly in the alpine grassland, desert grassland and hungriness. Grassland and hungriness contribute to the decrease mostly and artificial land and meadow contribute to the increase mostly. 3) In the area where human beings live, the changing trend is obvious, such as the valleys of Lhasa River and Huangshui River and area along the Yellow River; in the high altitude area with fewer people living, the changing trend is relatively low, like the area of Hoh Xil. 4) Human being’s behaviors are a key factor followed by the climate changes affecting land cover. | DING Mingkun ZHANG Yili SHEN Zhenx LIU Linshan ZHANG Wei WANG Zhaofeng BAI Wanqi ZHENG Du | 2006 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2006，16，4： | 15 |
| 11 | OsMADS16 Genetically Interacts with OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 in Specifying Floral Patterning ~in Rice显示文摘瑞斯(Oryza sativa ) 有贡献谷物产量的唯一的花的模式。然而,在米饭位于花的机关身份的说明下面的分子的机制,特别地在花的 homeotic 基因之中的相互作用,遗体糟糕理解。这里,我们证明花的 homeotic 基因 OsMADS16 (也叫的 SUPERWOMAN1, SPW1, B 班基因) 和在指定花的机关 patterning 的米饭 C 班基因 OsMADS3 和 OsMADS58 的行为。OsMADS16 和二 C 班基因在第三个锭盘创始人房间有一个重叠表示模式。与单个异种相比, spw1-1 osmads3-4 和 spw1-1 osmads58 加倍异种在花以内展出像颖的机关的另外的锭盘,特别地,六像颖的结构的额外的锭盘在野类型的雄蕊的位置形成了。这些宫外的像颖的结构被显示用标记基因通过细胞的观察并且在 situ 杂交分析有 palea 身份。我们的结果建议 B 班和 C 班基因在在花的分裂组织以内压制不确定的生长起一个关键作用,特别地 whorl-3 primordia。我们也假设那,与以前的假设相对照,在米饭的专业化小穗状花小穗机关, palea,在 eudicots 的萼片的对应物,和词根对苞相应。 | Dapeng Yun Wanqi Liang Ludovico Dreni Changsong Yin Zhigang Zhou Martin M. Kater Dabing Zhang | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013，6，3： | 11 |
| 12 | Solidification pattern and microstructures of AZ91D magnesium alloy through rheoforming显示文摘The optical microscope, SEM and EDS were adopted to analyze the rheoforming solidification morpholo-gies and microstructures of deformed AZ91D magnesium alloy after isothermal treatment in semisolid state. The re-sults show that primary α phase can be formed through attachment growth, when the liquid fraction is small; and primary α phase will grow in dendrites, when the liquid fraction is high. Eutectic solidification is carried out in the ways of both dissociated growth and symbiotic growth, de-pending on the morphology of primary α phase. Liquid with eutectic concentration solidifies into lamina eutectic. During solidification of the liquid pools inside grains, α phase can be formed through attachment growth. The eutectic solidifica-tion was mainly carried out in the dissociated pattern. | WANG Wuxiao YUAN Sen JIANG Bailing JIE Wanqi | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，16： | 11 |
| 13 | Interactions of OsMADS1 with Floral Homeotic Genes in Rice Flower Development显示文摘在繁殖开发期间,米饭植物开发决定最后的谷物收益的唯一的花器官。OsMADS1,象 SEPALLATA 一样疯盒子的基因之一,被解开了玩关键角色 inrice 花的机关身份说明和花的分裂组织确定性。然而,在调整花开发与另外的花的 homeotic 基因位于 OsMADS1 的相互作用下面的分子的机制 remainslargely 逃犯。在这个工作,我们在他们的蛋白质之中与物理相互作用一起与 B- , C- ,和 D 班基因学习了 OsMADS1 的基因相互作用。我们证明在 OsMADS1 和 OsMADS3 之间的物理、基因的相互作用为花的分裂组织活动维护和机关身份说明是必要的;当 OsMADS1 身体上并且遗传上在调整花的分裂组织确定性和 suppressingspikelet 分裂组织回复与 OsMADS58 交往时。我们提供了重要基因证据在花开发期间支持二米饭 C 班基因(OsMADS3 和 OsMADS58 ) 的 neofunctionalization。基因表示介绍和量的 RT-PCR 分析进一步表明 OsMADS1 影响涉及发信号的花的身份和荷尔蒙的许多基因的表达式,并且染色质 immunoprecipitation (芯片)-PCR 试金进一步证明 OsMADS17 是 OsMADS1 的直接目标基因。一起拿,这些结果表明 OsMADS1 在指定米饭有多样化的规章的功能花的机关和分裂组织身份,可能通过它和不同花的 homeotic 管理者的基因、物理的相互作用。 | Yun Hu Wanqi Liang Changsong Yin Xuelian Yang Baozhe Ping Anxue Li Ru Jia Mingjiao Chen Zhijing Luo Qiang Cai Xiangxiang Zhao Dabing Zhang Zheng Yuan | 2015 | Molecular Plant2015，8，9： | 10 |
| 14 | The polyketide synthase OsPKS2 is essential for pollen exine and Ubisch body patterning in rice显示文摘Lipid and phenolic metabolism are important for pollen exine formation. In Arabidopsis, polyketide synthases(PKSs) are essential for both sporopollenin biosynthesis and exine formation. Here, we characterized the role of a polyketide synthase(OsPKS2) in male reproduction of rice(Oryza sativa). Recombinant OsPKS2 catalyzed the condensation of fatty acyl-CoA with malonyl-CoA to generate triketide and tetraketide α-pyrones, the main components of pollen exine. Indeed, the ospks2 mutant had defective exine patterning and was male sterile. However, the mutant showed no significant reduction in sporopollenin accumulation. Compared with the WT(wild type), ospks2 displayed unconfined and amorphous tectum and nexine layers in the exine, and less organized Ubisch bodies. Like the pksb/lap5 mutant of the Arabidopsis ortholog, ospks2 showed broad alterations in the profiles of anther-related phenolic compounds.However, unlike pksb/lap5, in which most detected phenolics were substantially decreased, ospks2 accumulated higher levels of phenolics. Based on these results and our observation that OsPKS2 is unable to fully restore the exine defects in the pksb/lap5, we propose that PKS proteins have functionally diversified during evolution.Collectively, our results suggest that PKSs represent a conserved and diversified biochemical pathway for anther and pollen development in higher plants. | Xiaolei Zhu Jing Yu Jianxin Shi Takayuki Tohge Alisdair R.Fernie Sagit Meir Asaph Aharoni Dawei Xu Dabing Zhang Wanqi Liang | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2017，59，9： | 9 |
| 15 | The Post-meiotic Deficicent Anther1 (PDA1) gene is required for post-meiotic anther development in rice显示文摘To understand the molecular mechanism of male reproductive development in the model crop rice,we isolated a complete male sterile mutant post-meiotic deficient anther1 (pda1) from a γ-ray-treated rice mutant library.Genetic analysis revealed that the pda1 mutant was controlled by a recessive nucleus gene.The pda1 mutant anther seemed smaller with white appearance.Histological analysis demonstrated that the pda1 mutant anther undergoes normal early tapetum development without obvious altered meiosis.However,the pda1 mutant displayed obvious defects in postmeiotic tapetal development,abnormal degeneration occurred in the tapetal cells at stage 9 of anther development.Also we observed abnormal lipidic Ubisch bodies from the tapetal layer of the pda1 mutant,causing no obvious pollen exine formation.RT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of genes involved in anther development including GAMYB,OsC4 and Wax-deficient anther1 (WDA1) was greatly reduced in the pda1 mutant anther.Using map-based cloning approach,the PDA1 gene was finely mapped between two markers HLF610 and HLF627 on chromosome 6 using 3,883 individuals of F2 population.The physical distance between HLF610 and HLF627 was about 194 kb.This work suggests that PDA1 is required for post-meiotic tapetal development and pollen/microspore formation in rice. | Lifang Hu Hexin Tan Wanqi Liang Dabing Zhang | 2010 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2010，37，1： | 8 |
| 16 | MYB56 Encoding a R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor Regulates Seed Size in Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘Plant seed size is tightly regulated by the development of seed coat,embryo,and endosperm;however,currently,its underlying mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we revealed a regulatory role of an R2R3 MYB transcription factor MYB56 in controlling seed size specifcally in Arabidopsis thaliana L.Loss-of-function or knock-down of MYB56 yielded smaller seeds as compared with the wild type.Conversely,overexpression of MYB56 produced larger seeds.Further observation using semi-thin sections showed that myb56 developed smaller contracted endothelial cells and reduced cell number in the outer integument layer of the seed coat during the seed development;by contrast,MYB56 overexpressing lines had expanded endothelial cells and increased cell number in the outer integument layer of the seed coat,suggesting the essential role of MYB56 in regulating seed development.In addition,reciprocal cross-analysis showed that MYB56 affected the seed development maternally.MYB56 was shown to be dominantly expressed in developing seeds,consistently with its function in seed development.Moreover,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that MYB56 regulates the expression of genes involved in cell wall metabolism such as cell division and expansion.Altogether,our results demonstrated that MYB56 represents an unknown pathway for positively controlling the seed size. | Yanjie Zhang Wanqi Liang Jianxin Shi Jie Xu Dabing Zhang | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2013，55，11： | 8 |
| 17 | Residents’ perspectives and responses to environmental degradation in the upper Dadu River, eastern Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Environmental degeneration in the Tibetan Plateau attracts worldwide attention, whereas case studies on how the residents understand and respond to environmental degeneration are scarce. Using a Participatory Rural Appraisal method, this paper investigates how the people in different regions in the upper Dadu River understand and respond to environmental degeneration, based on comparative field surveys in three villages, in which Danzamu village is chosen from villages in the valley region, Kerma village from mountainside region, Rico village from the mountain and plateau region. The results show that: (1) although awakened to environmental degeneration, the residents in different regions have different responses. As agricultural labors have been transferred to the secondary and tertiary industries, population pressure in Danzamu and Kerma villages is mitigated. Residents in Danzamu village actively respond to natural disasters and forest degradation, as their livelihoods never rely on forests and rangelands again. Whereas the residents in Kerma village negatively respond to natural disasters, forest and meadow degradation and the ruin of wildlife resources, as their livelihoods still rely on stockbreeding. Labors in Rico village are hard to transfer to the secondary and tertiary industries, so they have to raise more livestock to make a living. Active measures are just taken to avoid livestock loss, not to avoid forest and meadow degradation and the ruin of wildlife resources. So the most fragile region is the mountain and plateau region and mountainside region, not the valley region. (2) Livelihood strategy is the key factor affecting the residents to respond to population pressure and environmental degeneration. So the framework of sustainable livelihood strategy should be used to explain and intervene in issues of population pressure and environmental degradation in ecotones. (3) Transferring agricultural labors to the secondary and tertiary industries were favorable to improving people’s livelihood. It is necessary to reduce the education fees to speed up the pace of labors transferring in the mountainside region. In the mountain and plateau region, preferable ways also include the development of towns, highways, education equipment and other establishments. | YAN Jianzhong ZHANG Yili LIU Linshan BAI Wanqi ZHU Huiyi SHI Yulin ZHENG Du | 2006 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2006，16，3： | 7 |
| 18 | Atomic mobilities and diffusivities in Al alloys显示文摘Knowledge of diffusivity is a prerequisite for understanding many scientific and technological disciplines.In this paper,firstly major experimental methods,which are employed to provide various diffusivity data,are briefly described.Secondly,the fundamentals of various computational methods,including first-principles method,embedded atomic method/molecular dynamic simulation,semi-empirical approaches,and phenomenological DICTRA technique,are demonstrated.Diffusion models recently developed for order/disorder transitions and stoichiometric compounds are also briefly depicted.Thirdly,a newly established diffusivity database for liquid,fcc_A1,L12,bcc_A2,bcc_B2,and intermetallic phases in the multicomponent Al alloys is presented via a few case studies in binary,ternary and quaternary systems.And the integration of various computational techniques and experimental methods is highlighted.The reliability of this diffusivity database is validated by comparing the calculated and measured concentration profiles,diffusion paths,and Kirkendall shifts in various binary,ternary and quaternary diffusion couples.Next,the established diffusivity databases along with thermodynamic and other thermo-physical properties are utilized to simulate the microstructural evolution for Al alloys during solidification,interdiffusion and precipitation.A special discussion is presented on the phase-field simulation of interdiffusion microstructures in a series of Ni-Al diffusion couples composed of γ,γ',and β phases under the effects of both coherent strain and external compressive force.Future orientations in the establishment of next generation of diffusivity database are finally addressed. | DU Yong ZHANG LiJun CUI SenLin ZHAO DongDong LIU DanDan ZHANG WeiBin SUN WeiHua JIE WanQi | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，2： | 6 |
| 19 | Microstructure, Microsegregation, and Mechanical Properties of Directional Solidified Mg–3.0Nd–1.5Gd Alloy显示文摘The microstructure, microsegregation, and mechanical properties of directional solidified Mg–3.0Nd–1.5Gd ternary alloys were experimentally studied. Experimental results showed that the solidification microstructure was composed of dendrite primary a(Mg) phase and interdendritic a(Mg) ? Mg12(Nd, Gd) eutectic and Mg5 Gd phase. The primary dendrite arm spacing k1 and secondary dendrite arm spacing k2 were found to be depended on the cooling rate R in the form k1= 8.0415 9 10-6R-0.279 and k2= 6.8883 9 10-6R-0.205, respectively, under the constant temperature gradient of40 K/mm and in the region of cooling rates from 0.4 to 4 K/s. The concentration profiles of Nd and Gd elements calculated by Scheil model were found to be deviated from the ones measured by EPMA to varying degrees, due to ignorance of the back diffusion of the solutes Nd and Gd within a(Mg) matrix. And microsegregation of Gd depended more on the growth rate, compared with Nd microsegregation. The directionally solidified experimental alloy exhibited higher strength than the non-directionally solidified alloy, and the tensile strength of the directionally solidified experimental alloy was improved,while the corresponding elongation decreased with the increase of growth rate. | Shaojun Liu Guangyu Yang Wanqi Jie | 2014 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2014，27，6： | 6 |
| 20 | Microstructure Evolution during Solidification of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy in Semisolid显示文摘熄灭方法的液体被采用在半固体学习团结形态学和 AZ91D Mg 合金的微观结构。结果显示那冷却的率在团结结构之上有重要效果。在熄灭的液体的冷却的率下面,主要 alpha 阶段由在原来的高山上属于增长第一哈谷物,或独立成核和生长。高冷却率让主要一阶段在“破布”或树突形状成长。最容易溶解的团结以分裂生长和共生生长被执行。分裂生长在谷物边界形成不平、大的贝它阶段,当共生生长形成薄片状的结构的 eutectic 时。小液体在内以象的一样的方法基本上分享原来的 a-phasesolidifies 内部小粒的液体,但是由于液相的更少的数量,最容易溶解的团结主要在分裂模式被执行。 | Wuxiao WANG Bailing JIANG Sen YUAN Wanqi JIE Guangyu YANG | 2006 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2006，22，3： | 5 |
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