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| 1 | The resurgent landscape of xenotransplantation of pig organs in nonhuman primates显示文摘Organ shortage is a major bottleneck in allotransplantation and causes many wait-listed patients to die or become too sick for transplantation.Genetically engineered pigs have been discussed as a potential alternative to allogeneic donor organs.Although xenotransplantation of pig-derived organs in nonhuman primates(NHPs)has shown sequential advances in recent years,there are still underlying problems that need to be completely addressed before clinical applications,including(i)acute humoral xenograft rejection;(ii)acute cellular rejection;(iii)dysregulation of coagulation and inflammation;(iv)physiological incompatibility;and(v)cross-species infection.Moreover,various genetic modifications to the pig donor need to be fully characterized,with the aim of identifying the ideal transgene combination for upcoming clinical trials.In addition,suitable pretransplant screening methods need to be confirmed for optimal donor-recipient matching,ensuring a good outcome from xenotransplantation.Herein,we summarize the understanding of organ xenotransplantation in pigs-to-NHPs and highlight the current status and recent progress in extending the survival time of pig xenografts and recipients.We also discuss practical strategies for overcoming the obstacles to xenotransplantation mentioned above to further advance transplantation of pig organs in the clinic. | Xuan Zhang Quancheng Wang Jingjun Zhao Xiao Li Wei Peng Zhaoxu Yang Zhibin Lin Long Yang Rui Ding Kaishan Tao Kefeng Dou | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，5： | 10 |
| 2 | The dynamic changes of arsenic biotransformation and bioaccumulation in muscle of freshwater food fish crucian carp during chronic dietborne exposure显示文摘Dietary uptake is the major way that inorganic arsenic(iAs)enters into benthic fish;however,the metabolic process of dietborne i As in fish muscle following chronic exposure remains unclear.This was a 40-day study on chronic dietborne i As[arsenite(AsⅢ)and arsenate(AsⅤ)]exposure in the benthic freshwater food fish,the crucian carp(Carassius auratus),which determined the temporal profiles of iAs metabolism and toxicokinetics during exposure.We found that an adaptive response occurred in the fish body after iAs dietary exposure,which was associated with decreased As accumulation and increased As transformation into a non-toxic As form(arsenobetaine).The bioavailability of dietary AsⅢwas lower than that of AsⅤ,probably because AsⅢhas a lower ability to pass through fish tissues.Dietary AsⅤexhibited a high potential for transformation into AsⅢspecies,which then accumulated in fish muscle.The largely produced AsⅢconsidered more toxic at the earlier stage of AsⅤexposure should attract sufficient attention to human exposure assessment.Therefore,the pristine As species and exposure duration had significant effects on As bioaccumulation and biotransformation in fish.The behavior determined for dietborne arsenic in food fish is crucial for not only arsenic ecotoxicology but also food safety. | Di Cui Peng Zhang Haipu Li Zhaoxue Zhang Yang Song Zhaoguang Yang | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，2： | 5 |
| 3 | Control of sludge settleability and nitrogen removal under low dissolved oxygen condition显示文摘低溶解的氧() 是在激活的污泥的一个 energysaving 条件过程。在定序批反应堆(SBR ) 调查有限细丝状的 bulking (LFB ) 的可能的申请,二实验室规模 SBR 被用来分别地对待合成国内废水和真实市政的废水。结果显示出那延长低做通风持续时间和背景 pre 缺氧(厌氧) 阶段是有效策略分别地导致并且禁止细丝状的污泥 bulking。根据污泥 settleability, LFB 能被调整操作模式稳定地维持。细丝状的细菌内容和污泥体积索引(SVI ) 多半被相关。SVI 在一些周期以内戏剧性地波动什么时候约 200 mL 爠瑡潩漠 ? 湩汦敵瑮愠浭湯畩 ? 潴渠瑩楲整眠獡洠楡瑮楡敮 ? 瑡愠潢瑵ㄠ ? 愠 ?? 潣据湥牴瑡潩 ? 敢潬 ?? ‰杭 ???? 庑 ???? o 景挠牨浯畩 ? 湩琠敨猠楯? 慷 ?污潳攠桮湡散 | Zhaoxu PENG Yongzhen PENG Zhenbo YU Xuliang LIU Xiaoling LI Randeng WANG | 2012 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2012，6，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Characteristics of Nutrients Removal under Viscous Sludge Bulking Treating Synthetic Wastewater显示文摘Viscous sludge bulking is a rare phenomenon in activated sludge process.The performances of nutrients removal were investigated with normal sludge and viscous bulking sludge.The results showed that when COD loading and C/N ratio were around 0.13 mg COD/(mg MLSS·d)and 7.67,the effect of viscous sludge bulking on the maximum specific oxidation rates of NH_(4)^(+)⁃N was very little,while the maximum specific oxidation rates of NO_(2)^(-)⁃N decreased from 24.69 mg/(g·h)to 1.20 mg/(g·h).Compared with normal sludge,viscous bulking sludge had bigger particle size and more extracellular polymeric substances(EPS).The mass transfer resistance in sludge flocs might be the main cause of the difference in NO-2⁃N oxidation rates.Therefore,this study demonstrates that viscous sludge bulking is beneficial to enhance simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND),and excessive EPS will exhibit storage function during phosphorus removal process. | Zhaoxu Peng Zhongyuan Zhao Tianyu Lou Kun Jiang Lei Li | 2021 | Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)2021，28，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Carbon nitride with encapsulated nickel for semi-hydrogenation of acetylene: pyridinic nitrogen is responsible for hydrogen dissociative adsorption显示文摘A new mechanism of catalyst has been demonstrated in this article. With the interaction between carbon nitride(CN) and encapsulated nickel, the CN in the catalyst has been endowed with new active sites for the adsorption and activation of hydrogen while nickel itself is physically isolated from the contact with reactive molecules. For the selective hydrogenation of acetylene in large amount of ethylene, the catalyst shows excellent ethylene selectivity than the nickel catalyst itself, which is almost totally unselective. Meanwhile, the CN itself is inactive for the reaction. The results of characterization demonstrate that pyridinic nitrogen doped in the carbon matrix should be the active sites for hydrogen dissociative adsorption. The theoretical calculations further confirm the results and provide with the detail in the electron transfer between nickel and CN in the catalyst. The current results supply a new concept for design of high performance catalyst. | Teng Fu Tao Wang Hongfang Sun Yida Xu Zhen Dong Xiangke Guo Luming Peng Yan Zhu Zhaoxu Chen Weiping Ding | 2018 | Science China Chemistry2018，61，8： | 0 |
| 6 | Static analysis of tympanic membrane in aero-otitis media by three-dimensional model of the middle ear显示文摘The three-dimensional(3D)model of the middle ear is of great significance to the research of middle ear related diseases.The particular focus of this work is to simulate the impact of aircraft altitude and speed changes on the tympanic membrane(TM)during the descent phase,so as to analyze the pathogenesis of aero-otitis media and the mechanical response characteristics of TM under static pressure.The simulations showed that the stress and strain of TM increase as the altitude difference and speed of the aircraft increase,and the maximum stress and strain areas are consistent with the clinical observation of TM hyperemia.Therefore,among many prevention and treatment measures of aero-otitis media,it is a therapeutic method to directly balance the pressure difference between the inner and outer TM. | Kaili Sun Xu Bie Zhixing Feng Shen Yu Xiuzhen Sun Jizhe Wang Yingxi Liu Lina Peng Zhaoxu Yao | 2022 | Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters2022，12，2： | 0 |
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