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| 1 | Characterization of a Lacustrine Shale Reservoir and the Evolution of its Nanopores: A Case Study of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin, Northeastern China显示文摘The Songliao Basin is one of the most important petroliferous basins in northern China. With a recent gradual decline in conventional oil production in the basin, the exploration and development of unconventional resources are becoming increasingly urgent. The Qingshankou Formation consists of typical Upper Cretaceous continental strata, and represents a promising and practical replacement resource for shale oil in the Songliao Basin. Previous studies have shown that low-mature to mature Qingshankou shale mainly preserves type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ1 organic matter, with relatively high total organic carbon(TOC) content. It is estimated that there is a great potential to explore for shale oil resources in the Qingshankou Formation in this basin. However, not enough systematic research has been conducted on pore characteristics and their main controlling factors in this lacustrine shale reservoir. In this study, 19 Qingshankou shales from two wells drilled in the study area were tested and analyzed for mineral composition, pore distribution and feature evolution using Xray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), low-pressure nitrogen gas adsorption(N2-GA), and thermal simulation experiments. The XRD results show that clay, quartz, and feldspar are the dominant mineral constituents of Qingshankou shale. The clay minerals are mostly illite/smectite mixed layers with a mean content of 83.5%, followed by illite, chlorite, and kaolinite. There are abundant deposits of clay-rich shale in the Qingshankou Formation in the study area, within which many mineral and organic matter pores were observed using SEM. Mineral pores contribute the most to shale porosity;specifically, clay mineral pores and carbonate pores comprise most of the mineral pores in the shale. Among the three types of organic matter pores, type B is more dominant the other two. Pores with diameters greater than 10 nm supply the main pore volume;most are half-open slits and wedge-shaped pores. The total pore volume had no obvious linear relationship with TOC content, but had some degree of positive correlation with the content of quartz + feldspar and clay minerals respectively. However, it was negatively correlated with carbonate mineral content. The specific surface area of the pores is negatively related to TOC content, average pore diameter, and carbonate mineral content. Moreover, it had a somewhat positive correlation with clay mineral content and no clear linear relationship with the content of quartz + feldspar. With increases in maturity, there was also an increase in the number of carbonate mineral dissolution pores and organic matter pores, average pore diameter, and pore volume, whereas there was a decrease in specific surface area of the pores. Generally, the Qingshankou shale is at a low-mature to mature stage with a TOC content of more than 1.0%, and could be as thick as 250 m in the study area. Pores with diameters of more than 10 nm are well-developed in the shale. This research illustrates that there are favorable conditions for shale oil occurrence and enrichment in the Qingshankou shale in the study area. | ZHANG Xu LIU Chenglin LI Bing WU Linqiang GUI Herong WANG Ziling ZHANG Zhihui LIANG Dexiu | 2020 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2020，94，2： | 2 |
| 2 | Reactivities of d^0 transition metal complexes toward oxygen:Synthetic and mechanistic studies显示文摘Transition metals such as Fe in porphyrin complexes are known to bind or react with O2,and such reactions are critical to many biological functions and catalytic oxidation using O2.The transition metals in these reactions often contain valence d electrons,and oxidation of metals is an important step.In recent years,reactions of O2 with d0 transition metal complexes such as Hf(NR2)4(R=alkyl) have been used to make metal oxide thin films as insulating gate materials in new microelectronic devices.This feature article discusses our recent studies of such reactions and the formation of TiO2 thin films.In contrast to the reactions of many dn complexes where metals are often oxidized,reactions of d0 complexes such as Hf(NMe2)4 and Ta(NMe2)4(SiR3) with O2 usually lead to the oxidation of ligands,forming,e.g.,-ONMe2 and -OSiR3 from-NMe2 and-SiR3 ligands,respectively.Mechanistic and theoretical studies of these reactions have revealed pathways in the formation of the metal oxide thin films as microelectronic materials. | CHEN ShuJian ZHANG XinHao LIN ZhenYang WU YunDong XUE ZiLing | 2009 | Science China Chemistry2009，52，11： | 2 |
| 3 | Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Advanced Chronic Systolic Heart Failure Receiving Care at the Veterans Affairs Versus Other Hospitals: Insights From the Beta-blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST)显示文摘 | Linda G. Jones Mo-Kyung Sin Fadi G. Hage Raya E. Kheirbek Charity J. Morgan Michael R. Zile Wen-Chih Wu Prakash Deedwania Gregg C. Fonarow Wilbert S. Aronow Sumanth D. Prabhu Ross D. Fletcher Ali Ahmed Richard M. Allman | 2015 | Circulation: Heart Failure2015，，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Attentional Ptycho-Tomography(APT)for three-dimensional nanoscale X-ray imaging with minimal data acquisition and computation time显示文摘Noninvasive X-ray imaging of nanoscale three-dimensional objects,such as integrated circuits(ICs),generally requires two types of scanning:ptychographic,which is translational and returns estimates of the complex electromagnetic field through the IC;combined with a tomographic scan,which collects these complex field projections from multiple angles.Here,we present Attentional Ptycho-Tomography(APT),an approach to drastically reduce the amount of angular scanning,and thus the total acquisition time.APT is machine learning-based,utilizing axial self-Attention for Ptycho-Tomographic reconstruction.APT is trained to obtain accurate reconstructions of the ICs,despite the incompleteness of the measurements.The training process includes regularizing priors in the form of typical patterns found in IC interiors,and the physics of X-ray propagation through the IC.We show that APT with×12 reduced angles achieves fidelity comparable to the gold standard Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique(SART)with the original set of angles.When using the same set of reduced angles,then APT also outperforms Filtered Back Projection(FBP),Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique(SIRT)and SART.The time needed to compute the reconstruction is also reduced,because the trained neural network is a forward operation,unlike the iterative nature of these alternatives.Our experiments show that,without loss in quality,for a 4.48×93.2×3.92µm^(3) IC(≃6×10^(8) voxels),APT reduces the total data acquisition and computation time from 67.96 h to 38 min.We expect our physics-assisted and attention-utilizing machine learning framework to be applicable to other branches of nanoscale imaging,including materials science and biological imaging. | Iksung Kang Ziling Wu Yi Jiang Yudong Yao Junjing Deng Jeffrey Klug Stefan Vogt George Barbastathis | 2023 | Light(Science & Applications)2023，12，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Mitigation of the Instability of Ultrafast Li-Ion Conductor Li_(6.6)Si_(0.6)Sb_(0.4)S_(5)I Enables High-Performance All-Solid-State Batteries显示文摘Solid-state batteries with excellent safety and high energy density display great potential as next-generation energy storage devices.However,few solid electrolytes simultaneously possess high ionic conductivity and good chemical and electrochemical stability.Herein,pure argyrodite Li_(6.6)Si_(0.6)Sb_(0.4)S_(5)I electrolyte with high Li-ion conductivity(9.0 mS cm−1)and poor stability is successfully synthesized via the typical mechanochemical route.Interfacial instability of this electrolyte with different electrode materials is investigated.A highly conductive Li_(3)InCl_(6)electrolyte,with a wide voltage window and excellent chemical and electrochemical stability,active material,and conductive carbon are introduced in the battery configuration,resulting in superior electrochemical performances with the bare LiNi_(0.7)Mn_(0.2)Co_(0.1)O_(2)cathode.The corresponding battery delivers a discharge capacity of 162.1 mAh g^(−1)at 0.5C and maintains 83.8%of the capacity after 200 cycles at room temperature.Moreover,this battery with a cathode mass loading of 6.37 mg cm−2 displays discharge capacities of 197.5 and 73.4 mAh g^(−1)at the beginning when cycled at 0.5C and 0.1C under the operating temperature of 60 and−20℃,respectively.The battery also achieved superior stablecycling performances at both temperatures.Due to the fast ionic conductivity from Li_(6.6)Si_(0.6)Sb_(0.4)S_(5)I and high electronic conductivity from carbon in the cathode,the thick-electrode configurations with huge mass loadings of 50.96 and 76.43 mg cm^(−2)also exhibit good capacities and highly reversible cyclability.This work provides a guideline for enabling superior conducting sulfide electrolytes with poor stability in thick-electrode configuration solid-state batteries. | Cong Liao Chuang Yu Shaoqing Chen Chaochao Wei Zhongkai Wu Shuai Chen Ziling Jiang Shijie Cheng Jia Xie | 2023 | Renewables2023，1，2： | 0 |
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