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| 1 | Are there new approaches for diagnosis, therapy guidance and outcome prediction of sepsis?显示文摘Beside many efforts to improve outcome, sepsis is still one of the most frequent causes of death in critically ill patients. It is the most common condition with high mortality in intensive care units. The complexity of the septic syndrome comprises immunological aspects- i.e.,sepsis induced immunosuppression- but is not restricted to this fact in modern concepts. So far, exact mechanisms and variables determining outcome and mortality stay unclear. Since there is no typical risk profile, early diagnosis and risk stratification remain difficult, which hinders rapid and effective treatment initiation. Due to the heterogeneous nature of sepsis, potential therapy options should be adapted to the individual. Biomarkers like C-reactive protein and procalcitonin are routinely used as complementary tools in clinical decision-making. Beyond the acute phase proteins, a wide bunch of promising substances and non-laboratory tools with potential diagnostic and prognostic value is under intensive investigation. So far, clinical decision just based on biomarker assessment is not yet feasible. However, biomarkers should be considered as a complementary approach. | Dubravka Kojic Benedikt H Siegler Florian Uhle Christoph Lichtenstern Peter P Nawroth Markus A Weigand Stefan Hofer Thorsten Brenner | 2015 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2015，5，2： | 14 |
| 2 | Establishing proof of concept:Platelet-rich plasma and bone marrow aspirate concentrate may improve cartilage repair following surgical treatment for osteochondral lesions of the talus显示文摘Osteochondral lesions of the talus are common injuries in the athletic patient. They present a challenging clinical problem as cartilage has a poor potential for healing. Current surgical treatments consist of reparative(microfracture) or replacement(autologous osteochondral graft) strategies and demonstrate good clinical outcomes at the short and medium term follow-up. Radiological findings and second-look arthroscopy however, indicate possible poor cartilage repair with evidence of fibrous infill and fissuring of the regenerative tissue following microfracture. Longer-term follow-up echoes these findings as it demonstrates a decline in clinical outcome. The nature of the cartilage repair that occurs for an osteochondral graft to become integrated with the native surround tissue is also of concern. Studies have shown evidence of poor cartilage integration,with chondrocyte death at the periphery of the graft, possibly causing cyst formation due to synovial fluid ingress. Biological adjuncts, in the form of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) and bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC), have been investigated with regard to their potential in improving cartilage repair in both in vitro and in vitro settings. The in vitro literature indicates that these biological adjuncts may increase chondrocyte proliferation as well as synthetic capability, while limiting the catabolic effects of an inflammatory joint environment. These findings have been extrapolated to in vitro animal models, with results showing that both PRP and BMAC improve cartilage repair. The basic science literature therefore establishes the proof of concept that biological adjuncts may improve cartilage repair when used in conjunction with reparative and replacement treatment strategies for osteochondral lesions of the talus. | Niall A Smyth Christopher D Murawski Amgad M Haleem Charles P Hannon Ian Savage-Elliott John G Kennedy | 2012 | World Journal of Orthopedics2012，3，7： | 8 |
| 3 | Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013显示文摘 | Marie Ng Tom Fleming Margaret Robinson Blake Thomson Nicholas Graetz Christopher Margono Erin C Mullany Stan Biryukov Cristiana Abbafati Semaw Ferede Abera Jerry P Abraham Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh Tom Achoki Fadia S AlBuhairan Zewdie A Alemu Rafael Alfonso | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，： | 7 |
| 4 | Risk stratification for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in the era of primary percutaneous coronary intervention显示文摘Acute coronary syndromes presenting with ST elevation are usually treated with emergency reperfusion/revascularisation therapy. In contrast current evidence and national guidelines recommend risk stratification for non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI) with the decision on revascularisation dependent on perceived clinical risk. Risk stratification for STEMI has no recommendation. Statistical risk scoring techniques in NSTEMI have been demonstrated to improve outcomes however their uptake has been poor perhaps due to questions over their discrimination and concern for application to individuals who may not have been adequately represented in clinical trials. STEMI is perceived to carry sufficient risk to warrant emergency coronary intervention [by primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PPCI)] even if this results in a delay to reperfusion with immediate thrombolysis. Immediate thrombolysis may be as effective in patients presenting early, or at low risk, but physicians are poor at assessing clinical and procedural risks and currently are not required to consider this. Inadequate data on risk stratification in STEMI inhibits the option of immediate fibrinolysis, which may be cost-effective. Currently the mode of reperfusion for STEMI defaults to emergency angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention ignoring alternative strategies. This review article examines the current risk scores and evidence base for risk stratification for STEMI patients. The requirements for an ideal STEMI risk score are discussed. | Richard A Brogan Christopher J Malkin Philip D Batin Alexander D Simms James M McLenachan Christopher P Gale | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，8： | 6 |
| 5 | Laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia and astigmatism: safety and efficacy显示文摘 | Alan Sugar Christopher J Rapuano William W Culbertson David Huang Gary A Varley Peter J Agapitos Vincent P de Luise Douglas D Koch | 2002 | Ophthalmology2002，，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Eleetrodeposition of aluminium and aluminium/ platinum alloys from A1C13/benzyhrimethylammonium chloride room temperature ionic liquids 显示文摘 | Abbott Andrew P Eardley Christopher A Farley Nicola R S | 2001 | Journal of Applied Electrochemistry2001，31，： | 1 |
| 7 | In vivo photoacoustic microscopy of human cutaneous microvasculature and a nevus显示文摘 | Christopher P Favazza Omar Jassim Lynn A Cornelius | 2011 | Journal of biomedical optics2011，16，1： | 1 |
| 8 | 循证医学 误用漏斗图的案例分析显示文摘本文要点应该使用严格的标准对循证医学中使用的方法进行评价用于检验发表偏倚的漏斗图在系统性文献综述中应用广泛漏斗图的不对称性,无论是直观上看到的或统计学检验发现的。 | Joseph Lau John P A Ioannidis Norma Terrin Christopher H Schmid Ingram Olkin 谢朝晖 | 2007 | 英国医学杂志中文版2007，10，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Monte Carlo simulations of locally melted supercoiled DNAs in 20mM ionic strength 显示文摘 | Sucato Christopher A Rangel David P | 2004 | Biophysical Journal2004，116，： | 1 |
| 10 | LSQR: An algorithm for sparse linear equations and sparse least squares 显示文摘 | Christopher C P Michael A S | 1982 | ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software1982，8，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Cyclic Flexural Testing of Concentrically Braced Frame Beam-Column Connections 显示文摘 | Christopher D Stoakes' Larry A Fahnestock P E | 2011 | Structural Engineering2011，137，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Visible light photoredox catalysis with transition metal complexes:applications in organic synthesis显示文摘 | Christopher K P Danica A R David W C M | 2013 | Chem Rev2013，113，： | 1 |
| 13 | LSQR: Sparse linear equations and least squares problems 显示文摘 | Christopher C P Michael A S | 1982 | ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software1982，8，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Effect of follicle-stimulating hormone on steroid secretion and messenger ribonucleic acids encoding cytochromes P450 aromatase and cholesterol side- chain cleavage in bovine granulnsa ceils in vitro 显示文摘 | Silva J M Christopher A P | 2000 | Binl Reprod2000，62，： | 1 |
| 15 | GE POL diamonds:Before andafter显示文摘 | Christopher P S George B Johann P E A | 2000 | Gems & Gemology2000，36，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Satellite remote sensing of particulate matter and air quality over global cities 显示文摘 | Gupta P Christopher S A Wang J | 2006 | Atmos Environ2006，40，： | 1 |
| 17 | Effects of land use on soil inorganiccarbon stocks in the russian chemccem显示文摘 | ELENA A M CHRISTOPHER J P | 2006 | Journal of Environment Quali-ty2006，35，： | 1 |
| 18 | Seven year particulate matter air quality assessment from surface and satellite measurements 显示文摘 | Gupta P Christopher S A | 2008 | Atmos Chem Phys Discuss2008，8，： | 1 |
| 19 | Review of Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC) Manufacture and its Characteristics as a Fuel Additive显示文摘 | Michael A P Christopher L M | 1997 | Energy & Fuels1997，11，： | 1 |
| 20 | Nu cleic acid-based antiviral drugs against seasonal and avi an influenza viruses显示文摘 | Wong J P Christopher M E Salazar A M | 2007 | Vaccine2007，25，16： | 1 |
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