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| 1 | Strategies to tackle the challenges of external beam radiotherapy for liver tumors显示文摘Primary and metastatic liver cancer is an increasingly common and difficult to control disease entity.Radiation offers a non-invasive treatment alternative for these patients who often have few options and a poor prognosis.However,the anatomy and aggressiveness of liver cancer poses significant challenges such as accurate localization at simulation and treatment,management of motion and appropriate selection of dose regimen.This article aims to review the options available and provide information for the practical implementation and/or improvement of liver cancer radiation programs within the context of stereotactic body radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy guidelines.Specific patient inclusion and exclusion criteria are presented given the significant toxicity found in certain sub-populations treated with radiation.Indeed,certain sub-populations,such as those with tumor thrombosis or those with larger lesions treated with transarterial chemoembolization,have been shown to have significant improvements in outcome with the addition of radiation and merit special consideration.Implementing a liver radiation programrequires three primary challenges to be addressed:(1) immobilization and motion management;(2) localization;and(3) dose regimen and constraint selection.Strategies to deal with motion include simple internal target volume(ITV) expansions,non-gated ITV reduction strategies,breath hold methods,and surrogate marker methods to enable gating or tracking.Localization of the tumor and organs-at-risk are addressed using contrast infusion techniques to take advantage of different normal liver and cancer vascular anatomy,imaging modalities,and margin management.Finally,a dose response has been demonstrated and dose regimens appear to be converging.A more uniform approach to treatment in terms of technique,dose selection and patient selection will allow us to study liver radiation in larger and,hopefully,multicenter randomized studies. | Michael I Lock Jonathan Klein Hans T Chung Joseph M Herman Edward Y Kim William Small Nina A Mayr Simon S Lo | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，14： | 2 |
| 2 | Microstruetural characterization of Al2O3-Ni composites prepared by electroless deposition 显示文摘 | OH I H LEE J Y HAN J K | 2005 | Surf Coat Technol2005，192，： | 1 |
| 3 | Cholangioearcinoma:pictorial essay of CT and cholangiographic findings显示文摘 | Han J K Choi B I Kim A Y | 2002 | Radiographics2002，22，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Failure of intertrochanteric fracture fixation with a dynamic hip screw in relation to preoperative fracture stability and osteoporosis显示文摘 | KIM W Y HAN C H PARK J I | 2001 | In Orthop2001，25，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Wely's theorem for algebraically quasi-class A operators显示文摘 | An I J Han Y M | 2008 | Integ Equat Oper Th2008，62，： | 1 |
| 6 | Hybrid neural network mod-els for bankruptcy predictions显示文摘 | Lee K C Han I Kwon Y | 1996 | Decision Support Sys-tems1996，18，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Simultaneous separation and renovation of lithium cobalt oxide from the cathode of spent lithium ion rechargeable batteries显示文摘 | KIM D S SOHN J S LEE C K LEE J H HAN K S LEE Y I | 2004 | Journal of Power Sources2004，132，： | 1 |
| 8 | Optimal compartment layout design for a naval ship using an improved genetic algorithm 显示文摘 | Lee K Y Han S N Roh M I | 2002 | Marine Technology2002，39，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Molecular genetiC diversity and population structure in Lycium accessions using SSR markers显示文摘 | Zhao W G Chung J W Cho Y I Rha W H Lee G A Ma K H Han S H Bang K H Park C B Kim S M Park Y J | 2010 | C R Bioi2010，333，： | 1 |
| 10 | Onlay rib bone graft in elevation of reconstructed auricle:17 years of experience 显示文摘 | I Kim T Han J Lee Y | 2013 | Arch Plast Surg2013，40，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Thermal Characterization of Thermally Conductive Underfill for a Flip-chip Package Using Novel Temperature Sensing Technique显示文摘 | Lee W W Han I Y Yu J | 2007 | Thermochimica Acta2007，455，： | 1 |
| 12 | Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR 677C > T and 1298A > C) polymorphisms and haplotypes with si- lent brain infarction and homocysteine levels in a Korean population显示文摘 | Han I B Kim O J Ahn J Y | 2010 | Yonsei Med J2010，51，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Identification of PML-RARA rearrangement by RT-PCR and sequencing in an acute promyelocytic leukemia without t(15; 17) on G-banding and FISH显示文摘 | HAN J Y KIM K E KIM K H PARK J I KIM J S | 2007 | Leukemia Res2007，31，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Appleby operation for carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas 显示文摘 | Kimura W Han I Furukawa Y | 1997 | Hepatogastroenterology1997，44，14： | 1 |
| 15 | The effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor on improved insulin action by pioglitazone in high-fructose-fed rats显示文摘 | Koshinaka K Oshida Y Han YQ Ohsawa I Sato Y | 2004 | Metabolism2004，53，： | 1 |
| 16 | SOCSI con- trois liver regeneration by regulating HGF signaling in hepato- cytes显示文摘 | GUI Y YEQANEH I~ 'RAMANAT'HAN S | 2011 | Journal of Hepatology2011，55，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Appleby operation for car- cinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas 显示文摘 | Kimura W Han I Furukawa Y | 1997 | Hepato gastroen- terology1997，44，14： | 1 |
| 18 | The nuclear RNaseⅢ Drosha initiates microRNA processing显示文摘 | I Lee Y Ahn C Han J | 2003 | Nature2003，425，6956： | 1 |
| 19 | Randomized fusion rules can be optiaml in distributed Neyman-Pearson detectors显示文摘 | Han Y I Taejeong K | 1997 | IEEE Trans Inform Theory1997，43，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Lab Chip显示文摘 | Lee H Y Jung J H Han S I Han K H | 2010 | 10:27642010，10，： | 1 |
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