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| 1 | Global Sea Level Change and Thermal Contribution显示文摘The global long-term sea level trend is obtained from the analysis of tide gauge data and TOPEX/Poseidon data. The linear trend of global mean sea level is highly non-uniform spatially, with an average rate of 2.2 mm year-1 in T/P sea-level rise from October 1992 to September 2002. Sea level change due to temperature variation (the thermosteric sea level) is discussed. The results are compared with TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter data in the same temporal span at different spatial scales. It is indicated that the thermal effect accounts for 86% and 73% of the observed seasonal variability in the northern and southern hemispheres, respectively. The TOPEX/Poseidon observed sea level lags behind the TSL by 2 months in the zonal band of 40?–60? in both the northern and southern hemispheres. Systematic differences of about 1–2 cm between TOPEX/Poseidon observations and thermosteric sea level data are obtained. The potential causes for these differences include water exchange among the atmosphere, land, and oceans, and some possible deviations in thermosteric contribution estimates and geophysical corrections to the TOPEX/Poseidon data. | ZUO Juncheng ZHANG Jianli DU Ling LI Peiliang LI Lei | 2009 | Journal of Ocean University of China2009，8，1： | 9 |
| 2 | Evaluation of Typhoon Waves Simulated by Wave Watch-Ⅲ Model in Shallow Waters Around Zhoushan Islands显示文摘In this study, we simulated typhoon waves in the shallow waters around the Zhoushan Islands using the WaveWatch-Ⅲ(WW3) model version 5.16, the latest version released by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Specifically, we used in-situ measurements to evaluate the performance of seven packages of input/dissipation source terms in the WW3 model. We forced the WW3 model by wind fields derived from a combination of the parametric Holland model and high-resolution European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) wind data in a 0.125? grid, herein called H-E winds. We trained the H-E winds by fitting a shape parameter B to buoy-measured observations, which resulted in a smallest root mean square error(RMSE) of 3 m s^(-1) for B, when treated as a constant 0.4. Then, we applied the seven input/dissipation terms of WW3, labelled ST1, ST2, ST2+STAB2, ST3, ST3+STAB3, ST4, and ST6, to simulate the significant wave height(SWH) up to 5 m during typhoons Fungwong and Chan-hom around the Zhoushan Islands. We then compared the SWHs of the simulated waves with those measured by the in-situ buoys. The results indicate that the simulation using ST2 performs best with an RMSE of 0.79 m for typhoon Fung-wong and an RMSE of 1.12 m for typhoon Chan-hom. Interestingly, we found the simulated SWH results to be relatively higher than those of the observations in the area between Hangzhou Bay and the Zhoushan Islands. This behavior is worthy of further investigation in the future. | SHENG Yexin SHAO Weizeng LI Shuiqing ZHANG Yuming YANG Hongwei ZUO Juncheng | 2019 | Journal of Ocean University of China2019，18，2： | 9 |
| 3 | Sea-level variation/change and thermal contribution in the Bering Sea显示文摘The long-term sea-level trend in the Bering Sea is obtained by the analysis of TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter data, including the data of two tide gauges. The averaged sea-level in the Bering Sea rises at a rate of 2.47 mm/a from 1992 to 2002. The mean sea-level is falling in the most part of the Bering Sea, especially in its central basin, and it is rising in the northeastern part of the Bering Sea. During the 1998/99 change, the sea-level anomaly differences exhibit a significant sea-level anomaly fall in the deep basin of the Bering Sea, which is roughly in the same position where a prominent SST fall exists. The maximal fall of sea-level is about 10 cm in the southwestern part of the Bering Sea, and the maximal fall of about 2℃ in the SST also appeared in the same region as the sea level did. The steric sea-level change due to temperature variations is discussed. The results are compared with the TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter data at the different spatial scales. It is indicated that the seasonal amplitude of the steric height is about 35% of the observed TOPEX/Poseidon amplitude, which is much smaller than the 83% in the mid-latitudes area. The systematic difference between the TOPEX/Poseidon data with the range of about 7.5 cm and the thermal contribution with the range of about 2.5 cm is about 5 cm. This indicates that the thermal effect on the sea level is not as important as the case in the mid-latitudes area. In the Bering Sea, the phase of the steric height leads the observed sea level by about three months. | ZUO Juncheng ZHANG Jianli DU Ling LI Peiliang LI Lei | 2005 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2005，24，6： | 7 |
| 4 | Role of ocean upper layer warm water in the rapid intensification of tropical cyclones: A case study of typhoon Rammasun(1409)显示文摘Rammasun intensified rapidly from tropical storm to super typhoon in the northern South China Sea(NSCS)before its landfall on Hainan Island. Analysis of observed data shows that the anomalous ocean upper layer warm water(WW) is important to the rapid intensification of Rammasun. During the period of Rammasun, sea surface temperature(SST) in the NSCS was much warmer than the climatological SST. The anomalous WW supplied more energy to Rammasun, resulting in its rapid intensification. Numerical simulations further confirm that the NSCS WW plays an important role in the rapid intensification of Rammasun. As the WW is removed, the intensification of Rammasun is only 25 h Pa, which is 58.1% of that in the original SST-forced run. | SUN Jia ZUO Juncheng LING Zheng YAN Yunwei | 2016 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2016，35，3： | 7 |
| 5 | The fundamental characteristics of current in the Bering Strait and the Chukchi Sea from July to September 2003显示文摘The characteristics of current in the Bering Strait and the Chukchi Sea are analyzed based on the two current data on the mooring stations during the Second National Arctic Research Expedition of China in 2003. The tidal currents of the principal diurnal and semidiurnal ellipses rotate clockwise in the upper layer, except for N2 , S2 , and Q1 at Sta. ST. In the Bering Strait (Sta. ST), the major semi-axis of tidal current constituent M2 is 2.9 cm/s in the upper layer, which is much smaller than that of semi-monthly oscillation (11.8 cm/s); and the mean current flows northwestward at the amplitude of about 20 cm/s and varies a little with depth. During the cruise, the current has significant semi-monthly oscillation at the two mooring stations. The spectra analyses of the air pressure gradient and the wind stress show that there are the semi-monthly oscillations in these two data series. The near-inertial current, approximately 4 cm/s, presents almost the same magnitude of the principal tidal currents in the Bering Strait. | LI Lei DU Ling ZHAO Jinping ZUO Juncheng LI Peiliang | 2005 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2005，24，6： | 7 |
| 6 | Assessing the global averaged sea-level budget from 2003 to 2010显示文摘A global mass balance(Greenland and Antarctica ice sheet mass loss,terrestrial water storage)and different sea-level components(observed sea-level from satellite altimetry,steric sea-level from Ishii data,and ocean mass from gravity recovery and climate experiment,GRACE)are estimated,in terms of seasonal and interannual variabilities from 2003 to 2010.The results show that a detailed analysis of the GRACE time series over the time period 2003–2010 unambiguously reveals an increase in mass loss from the Greenland ice sheet and Antarctica ice sheet.The mass loss of both ice sheets accelerated at a rate of(392.8±70.0)Gt/a during 2003–2010,which contributed(1.09±0.19)mm/a to the global mean sea-level during this time.The net terrestrial water storage(TWS)trend was negative over the 8 a time span,which gave a small positive contribution of(0.25±0.12)mm/a.The interannual variability of the global mean sea-level was at least partly caused by year-to-year variability of land water storage.Estimating GRACE-based ice sheet mass balance and terrestrial water storage by using published estimates for melting glaciers,the results further show that the ocean mass increase since 2003 has resulted half from an enhanced contribution of the polar ice sheets,and half from the combined ice sheet and terrestrial water storage loss.Taking also into account the melting of mountain glaciers(0.41 mm/a)and the small GRACE-based contribution from continental waters(0.25 mm/a),a total ocean mass contribution of(1.75±0.57)mm/a from 2003 to 2010 is found.Such a value represented 75%of the altimetry-based rate of sea-level rise over that period.The contributions to steric sea-level(i.e.,ocean thermal expansion plus salinity effects)are estimated from:(1)the difference between altimetry-based sea-level and ocean mass change and(2)the latest Ishii data.The inferred steric sea-level rate from(1)(1.41 mm/a from 2003 to 2010)did not agree well with the Ishii-based value also estimated here(0.44 mm/a from 2003 to 2010),but phase.The cause for such a discrepancy is not yet known but may be related to inadequate sampling of in situ ocean temperature and salinity measurements. | LI Juan ZUO Juncheng CHEN Meixiang TAN Wei YANG Yiqiu | 2013 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2013，32，10： | 6 |
| 7 | Responses of estuarine salinity and transport processes to sea level rise in the Zhujiang(Pearl River) Estuary显示文摘Understanding the changes of hydrodynamics in estuaries with respect to magnitude of sea level rise is important to understand the changes of transport process. Based on prediction of sea level rise over the 21st century, the Zhujiang(Pearl River) Estuary was chosen as a prototype to study the responses of the estuary to potential sea level rise. The numerical model results show that the average salt content, saltwater intrusion distance, and stratification will increase as the sea level rises. The changes of these parameters have obvious seasonal variations. The salt content in the Lingdingyang shows more increase in April and October(the transition periods). The saltwater intrusion distance has larger increase during the low-flow periods than during the highflow periods in the Lingdingyang. The result is just the opposite in Modaomen. The stratification and its increase are larger during the low-flow periods than during the high-flow periods in Lingdingyang. The response results of transport processes to sea level rise demonstrate that:(1) The time of vertical transport has pronounced increase.The increased tidal range and currents would reinforce the vertical mixing, but the increased stratification would weaken the vertical exchange. The impact of stratification changes overwhelms the impact of tidal changes. It would be more difficult for the surface water to reach the bottom.(2) The lengthways estuarine circulation would be strengthened. Both the offshore surface residual current and inshore bottom residual current will be enhanced.The whole meridional resident flow along the transect of the Lingdingyang would be weakened. These phenomena are caused by the decrease of water surface slope(WWS) and the change of static pressure with the increase of water depth under sea level rise. | CHEN Yuxiang ZUO Juncheng ZOU Huazhi ZHANG Min ZHANG Kairong | 2016 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2016，35，5： | 6 |
| 8 | Prediction of China's Submerged Coastal Areas by Sea Level Rise due to Climate Change显示文摘Based on the simulation with the Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled Model CCSM and Ocean Model POP under the greenhouse gas emission scenario of the IPCC SRES A2(IPCC,2001),and on the earth crust subsidence and glacier melting data,the relative sea level change is obtained along the coast of China in the 21st century.Using the SRTM elevation data the submergence of coastal low land is calculated under the extreme water level with a 100-year return period.The total flooding areas are 98.3×103and 104.9×103km2for 2050 and 2080,respectively.For the three regions most vulnerable to extreme sea level rise,i.e.,the coast of Bohai Bay,the Yangtze River Delta together with neighboring Jiangsu Province and northern Zhejiang Province,and the Pearl River Delta,the flooded areas are 5.0×103,64.1×103and 15.3×103km2in 2050 and 5.2×103,67.8×103and 17.2×103km2in 2080,respectively. | ZUO Juncheng YANG Yiqiu ZHANG Jianli CHEN Meixiang XU Qing | 2013 | Journal of Ocean University of China2013，12，3： | 5 |
| 9 | Wave parameters retrieval for dual-polarization C-band synthetic aperture radar using a theoretical-based algorithm under cyclonic conditions显示文摘Theoretical-based ocean wave retrieval algorithms are applied by inverting a synthetic aperture radar(SAR)intensity spectrum into a wave spectrum, that has been developed based on a SAR wave mapping mechanism. In our previous studies, it was shown that the wave retrieval algorithm, named the parameterized first-guess spectrum method(PFSM), works for C-band and X-band SAR at low to moderate sea states. In this work, we investigate the performance of the PFSM algorithm when it is applied for dual-polarization c-band sentinel-1(S-1) SAR acquired in extra wide-swath(EW) and interferometric wide-swath(IW) mode under cyclonic conditions.Strong winds are retrieved from six vertical-horizontal(VH) polarization S-1 SAR images using the c-band crosspolarization coupled-parameters ocean(C-3 PO) model and then wave parameters are obtained from the image at the vertical-vertical(VV) polarization channel. significant wave height(SWH) and mean wave period(MWP) are compared with simulations from the WAVEWATCH-III(WW3) model. The validation shows a 0.69 m root mean square error(RMSE) of SWH with a –0.01 m bias and a 0.62 s RMSE of MWP with a –0.17 s bias. Although the PFSM algorithm relies on a good quality SAR spectrum, this study confirms the applicability for wave retrieval from an S-1 SAR image. Moreover, it is found that the retrieved results have less accuracy on the right sector of cyclone eyes where swell directly affects strong wind-sea, while the PFSM algorithm works well on the left and rear sectors of cyclone eyes where the interaction of wind-sea and swell is relatively poor. | Yingying Ding Juncheng Zuo Weizeng Shao Jian Shi Xinzhe Yuan Jian Sun Jiachen Hu Xiaofeng Li | 2019 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2019，38，5： | 3 |
| 10 | Validation of significant wave height retrieval from co-polarization Chinese Gaofen-3 SAR imagery using an improved algorithm显示文摘Chinese Gaofen-3(GF-3) is the first civilian satellite to carry C-band(5.3 GHz) synthetic aperture radar(SAR).During the period of August 2016 to December 2017, 1 523 GF-3 SAR images acquired in quad-polarization(vertical-vertical(VV), horizontal-horizontal(HH), vertical-horizontal(VH), and horizontal-vertical(HV)) mode were recorded, mostly around China's seas. In our previous study, the root mean square error(RMSE) of significant wave height(SWH) was found to be around 0.58 m when compared with retrieval results from a few GF-3 SAR images in co-polarization(VV and HH) with moored measurements by using an empirical algorithm CSAR_WAVE. We collected a number of sub-scenes from these 1 523 images in the co-polarization channel,which were collocated with wind and SWH data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) reanalysis field at a 0.125° grid. Through the collected dataset, an improved empirical wave retrieval algorithm for GF-3 SAR in co-polarization was tuned, herein denoted as CSAR_WAVE2. An additional 92 GF-3 SAR images were implemented in order to validate CSAR_WAVE2 against SWH from altimeter Jason-2, showing an about 0.52 m RMSE of SWH for co-polarization GF-3 SAR. Therefore, we conclude that the proposed empirical algorithm has a good performance for wave retrieval from GF-3 SAR images in co-polarization. | SHENG Yexin SHAO Weizeng ZHU Shuai SUN Jian YUAN Xinzhe LI Shuiqing SHI Jian ZUO Juncheng | 2018 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2018，37，6： | 3 |
| 11 | Role of surface warming in the northward shift of tropical cyclone tracks over the South China Sea in November显示文摘Tropical cyclones(TCs) formed in the Northwest Pacific Ocean(NWP) can cross the South China Sea(SCS)sometimes. It is found that the TC tracks in the SCS in November are shifted to the north after 1980 compared with those before 1980. Both data analyses and numerical simulations show that the surface warming in the SCS may contribute to this more northward shift. The warming produces a cyclonic atmosphere circulation anomaly in the northwestern SCS and an associated southerly in the central SCS steering the TCs to the north. | SUN Jia WANG Guihua ZUO Juncheng LING Zheng LIU Dahai | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，5： | 2 |
| 12 | Global Distribution of Thermosteric Contribution to Sea Level Rising Trend显示文摘The sea level derived from TOPEX/Poseidon(T/P) altimetry data shows prominent long term trend and inter-annual variability.The global mean sea level rising rate during 1993-2003 was 2.9 mm a-1.The T/P sea level trend maps the geographical variability.In the Northern Hemisphere(15°-64°N),the sea level rise is very fast at the mid-latitude(20°-40°N) but much slower at the high-latitude,for example,only 0.5 mm a-1 in the latitude band 40°-50°N.In the Southern Hemisphere,the sea level shows high rising rate both in mid-latitude and high-latitude areas,for example,5.1 mm a-1 in the band 40°-50°S.The global thermosteric sea level(TSL) derived from Ishii temperature data was rising during 1993-2003 at a rate of 1.2 mm a-1 and accounted for more than 40% of the global T/P sea level rise.The contributions of the TSL distribution are not spatially uniform;for instance,the percentage is 67% for the Northern Hemisphere and only 29% for the Southern Hemisphere(15°-64°S) and the maximum thermosteric contribution appears in the Pacific Ocean,which contributes more than 60% of the global TSL.The sea level change trend in tropical ocean is mainly caused by the thermosteric effect,which is different from the case of seasonal variability in this area.The TSL variability dominates the T/P sea level rise in the North Atlantic,but it is small in other areas,and shows negative trend at the high-latitude area(40°-60°N,and 50°-60°S).The global TSL during 1945-2003 showed obvious rising trend with the rate of about 0.3 mm a-1 and striking inter-annual and decadal variability with period of 20 years.In the past 60 years,the Atlantic TSL was rising continuously and remarkably,contributing 38% to the global TSL rising.The TSL in the Pacific and Indian Ocean rose with significant inter-annual and decadal variability.The first EOF mode of the global TSL from Ishii temperature data was the ENSO mode in which the time series of the first mode showed steady rising trend.Among the three oceans,the first mode of the Pacific TSL presented the ENSO mode;there was relatively steady rising trend in the Atlantic Ocean,and no dominant mode in the Indian Ocean. | ZUO Juncheng DU Ling ZHANG Jianli CHEN Meixiang | 2010 | Journal of Ocean University of China2010，9，3： | 1 |
| 13 | The Characteristics of Near-surface Velocity During the Upwelling Season on the Northern Portugal Shelf显示文摘Observations made on the northern Portugal mid-shelf between May 13 and June 15,2002 were used to characterise the near-surface velocity during one upwelling season. It was found that in the surface mixed layer,the 'tidal current' was diurnal,but the tidal elevation was semi-diurnal. Both the residual current and the major axes of all tidal constituents were nearly perpendicular to the isobaths and the tidal current ellipses rotated clockwise;the major axis of the major tidal ellipse was about 3 cm s-1. The extremely strong diurnal current in the surface layer was probably due to diurnal heating,cooling,and wind mixing that induced diurnal oscillations,including the diurnal oscillation of wind stress. This is a case different from the results measured in the other layers in this area. The near-inertial spectral peaks occurred with periods ranging from 1 047 min to 1 170 min,the longest periods being observed in deeper layers,and the shortest in the surface layer. Weak inertial events appeared during strong upwelling events,while strong inertial events appeared during downwelling or weak subinertial events. The near-inertial currents were out of phase between 5 m and 35 m layers for almost the entire measurement period,but such relationship was very weak during periods of irregular weak wind. Strong persistent southerly wind blew from May 12 to 17 and forced a significant water transport onshore and established a strong barotropic poleward jet with a surface speed exceeding 20 cm s-1. The subinertial current was related to wind variation,especially in the middle layers of 15 m and 35 m,the maximum correlation between alongshore current and alongshore wind was about 0.5 at the 5 m layer and 0.8 at the 35 m layer. The alongshore current reacted more rapidly than the cross-shore current. The strongest correlation was found at a time lag of 20 h in the upper layer and of 30 h in the deeper layer. The wind-driven surface velocity obtained from the PWP model had maximum amplitude of about 7 cm s-1,corresponding to a wind stress at 0.1 Pa,and the horizontal velocity shear due to thermal wind balance had the order of 3 cm s-1. So the local wind and thermal wind would only explain a part of the strong surface velocity variations. | ZUO Juncheng DU Ling Alvaro Peliz A. Miguel Santos YU Yifa | 2007 | Journal of Ocean University of China2007，6，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature Cooling in Typhoon Events Passing the Kuroshio Current显示文摘The aim of this study is to investigate the sea surface temperature(SST) cooling as typhoons pass the Kuroshio Current.A numerical circulation model,denoted as the Stony Brook Parallel Ocean Model(sbPOM),was used to simulate the SST,which includes four wave-induced effect terms(i.e.,radiation stress,nonbreaking waves,Stokes drift,and breaking waves) simulated using the third-generation wave model,called WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(WW3).The significant wave height(SWH) measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter were used to validate the WW3-simulated results,yielding a root mean square error(RMSE) of less than 0.50 m and a correlation coefficient(COR) of approximately 0.93.The water temperature measured from the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite was applied to validate the model simulation.Accordingly,the RMSE of the SST is 0.92℃ with a COR of approximately 0.99.As revealed in the sbPOM-simulated SST fields,a reduction in the SST at the Kuroshio Current region was observed as a typhoon passed,although the water temperature of the Kuroshio Current is relatively high.The variation of the SST is consistent with that of the current,whereas the maximum SST lagged behind the occurrence of the peak SWH.Moreover,the Stokes drift plays an important role in the SST cooling after analyzing four wave-induced terms in the background of the Kuroshio Current.The sensitivity experiment also showed that the accuracy of the water temperature was significantly reduced when including breaking waves,which play a negative role in the inside part of the ocean.The variation in the mean mixing layer depth(MLD) showed that a typhoon could enhance the mean MLD in the Kuroshio Current area in September and October,whereas a typhoon has little influence on the mean MLD in the Kuroshio Current area in May.Moreover,the mean MLD rapidly decreased with the weakening of the strong wind force and wave-induced effects when a typhoon crossed the Kuroshio Current. | HU Yuyi SHAO Weizeng SHEN Wei ZUO Juncheng JIANG Tao HU Song | 2024 | Journal of Ocean University of China2024，23，2： | 0 |
| 15 | High-rate CH_(4)-to-C_(2)H_(6) photoconversion enabled by Au/ZnO porous nanosheets under oxygen-free system显示文摘Photocatalytic CH_(4) coupling into high-valued C_(2)H_(6) is highly attractive,whereas the photosynthetic rate,especially under oxygen-free system,is still unsatisfying.Here,we designed the negatively charged metal supported on metal oxide nanosheets to activate the inert C-H bond in CH_(4)and hence accelerate CH_(4) coupling performance.As an example,the synthetic Au/ZnO porous nanosheets exhibit the C_(2)H_(6) photosynthetic rate of 1,121.6μmol g^(-1)_(cat)h^(-1)and the CH_(4) conversion rate of 2,374.6μmol g^(-1)_(cat)h^(-1) under oxygen-free system,2 orders of magnitude higher than those of previously reported photocatalysts.By virtue of several in situ spectroscopic techniques,it is established that the generated Au^(δ-)and O^-species together polarized the C-H bond,while the Au^(δ-)and O^-species jointly stabilized the CH_(3) intermediates,which favored the coupling of CH_(3) intermediate to photosynthesize C_(2)H_(6) instead of overoxidation into CO_(x).Thus,the design of dual active species is beneficial for achieving high-efficient CH_(4)-to-C_(2)H_(6) photoconversion. | Kai Zheng Xiaojing Zhang Jun Hu Chengbin Xu Juncheng Zhu Jing Li Mingyu Wu Shan Zhu Li Li Shumin Wang Yumei Lv Xin He Ming Zuo Chengyuan Liu Yang Pan Junfa Zhu Yongfu Sun Yi Xie | 2024 | Science China Chemistry2024，67，3： | 0 |
| 16 | Preface:The variation of marine environment and climate effect in Indo-Pacific Ocean显示文摘In the backgroumd of global change,tbe vanibility of the marine eoviroument and the resulting climate effects in the Asia-Pacifc region and the Indian Ocean have become inceasingly prominent.Tbe research om climate effects has peat research siguificance and national needs. | ZUO Juncheng WANG Weiqiang WANG Guihua XIE Qiang | 2020 | Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2020，38，6： | 0 |
| 17 | Current and Thermohaline Characteristics of the Arabian Sea During January 1998显示文摘Based on a ship survey during January 1998, the characteristics of the flow, the thermohaline properties and the volume transport of the Arabian Sea are discussed. A strong westward flow exists between 10.5?N and 11?N, part of which turns to the south as the Somali current near the coast at about 10?N and the rest turns north. At the passage between the African continent and the So- cotra Island, the northern branch separates into two flows: the left one enters the passage and the right one flows eastward along the southern slope of the island. Off the island the flow separates once more, most of it meandering northeast and a small fraction flow- ing southeast. Volume transport calculation suggests that the tidal transport is one or two orders of magnitude smaller than the total transport in this region and it becomes more important near the coast. The average velocity of the flow in the upper layer (0-150 m) is about 20 cm s-1, with a maximum of 53 cm s-1 appearing east of the Socotra Island, and the subsurface layer (200-800 m) has an aver- age velocity of 8.6 cm s-1; the velocity becomes smaller at greater depths. The depth of the seasonal thermocline is about 100 m, above which there is a layer with well mixed temperature and dissolved oxygen. High-salinity and oxygen-rich water appears near the surface of the northern Arabian Sea; a salinity maximum and oxygen minimum at 100 m depth along 8?N testifies the subduction of surface water from the northern Arabian Sea. Waters from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf also influence the salinity of the area. | CHEN Meixiang ZUO Juncheng LI Peiliang DU Ling LI Lei | 2007 | Journal of Ocean University of China2007，6，2： | 0 |
| 18 | HY-1C Coastal Zone Imager observations of the suspended sediment content distribution details in the sea area near Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge in China显示文摘The impacts of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HKZMB)on suspended sediment content(SSC)were analysed in the Zhujiang River Estuary based on data from HY-1C,which was launched in September 2018 in China,carrying Coastal Zone Imager(CZI)and Chinese Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner on it.A new SSC inversion model was established based on the relationship between in-situ SSC and the remote sensing reflectance in red and near-infrared bands of CZI image.HY-1C satellite data obtained from October to December 2019 were applied to retrieve SSC in the Zhujiang River Estuary.The results show that SSC around the HKZMB is ranging from 20 mg/L to 95 mg/L.SSC change obviously on two sides of the bridge.During flooding and ebbing period,SSC increases obviously downstream of the bridge.SSC difference between upstream and downstream is ranging from 5 mg/L to 20 mg/L.Currents flowing across the HKZMB,the change trend of SSC in most places upstream and downstream is almost the same that SSC downstream of the bridge is higher than SSC upstream.The tidal currents interact with bridge piers,inducing vortexes downstream,leading the sediment to re-suspend downstream of the bridge piers.Other factors,including seafloor topography and wind,can also contribute to the distribution of SSC in the Zhujiang River Estuary. | Lina Cai Minrui Zhou Xiaojun Yan Jianqiang Liu Qiyan Ji Yuxiang Chen Juncheng Zuo | 2022 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2022，41，11： | 0 |
| 19 | Atomically Precise Pd Species Accelerating CO_(2) Hydrodeoxygenation into CH_(4) with 100%Selectivity显示文摘High-rate CO_(2)-to-CH_(4)photoreduction with high selectivity is highly attractive,which is a win-win strategy for mitigating the greenhouse effect and the energy crisis.However,the poor photocatalytic activity and low product selectivity hinder the practical application.To precisely tailor the product selectivity and realize high-rate CO_(2)photoreduction,we design atomically precise Pd species supported on In_(2)O_(3)nanosheets.Taking the synthetic 1.30Pd/In_(2)O_(3)nanosheets as an example,the aberration-correction high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy image displayed the Pd species atomically dispersed on the In_(2)O_(3)nanosheets.Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectra established that the strong interaction between the Pd species and the In_(2)O_(3)substrate drove electron transfer from In to Pd species,resulting in electron-enriched Pd sites for CO_(2)activation.Synchrotronradiation photoemission spectroscopy demonstrated that the Pd species can tailor the conduction band edge of In_(2)O_(3)nanosheets to match the CO_(2)-to-CH_(4)pathway,instead of the CO_(2)-to-CO pathway,which theoretically accounts for the high CH_(4)selectivity.Moreover,in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy unveiled that the catalytically active sites had a change from In species to Pd species over the 1.30Pd/In_(2)O_(3)nanosheets.In situ FTIR and EPR spectra reveal the atomically precise Pd species with rich electrons prefer to adsorb the electrophilic protons for accelerating the*COOH intermediates hydrogenation into CH_(4).Consequently,the 1.30Pd/In_(2)O_(3)nanosheets reached CO_(2)-to-CH_(4)photoconversion with 100%selectivity and 81.2μmol g^(−1)h^(−1)productivity. | Kai Zheng Siying Liu Bangwang Li Juncheng Zhu Xiaojing Zhang Mingyu Wu Li Li Shan Zhu Wenxiu Liu Jun Hu Chengyuan Liu Minghui Fan Ming Zuo Junfa Zhu Yang Pan Yongfu Sun Yi Xie | 2023 | Precision Chemistry2023，1，9： | 0 |
| 20 | Establishment of ocean dumping area capacity assessment model显示文摘Dumping area capacity is mainly affected by the hydrodynamic process(tidal sediment, storm surge and wave,etc.) as well as the size and depth of dumping area. Based on three-dimensional ocean circulation model known as FVCOM(Finite Volume Coast and Ocean Model) and the stochastic dynamic statistical analysis model, taking advantage of dumping ground topography evolution and dumping quantity, the author aims to discuss the influence of hydrodynamic processes and dumping activity so as to built a new model of ocean dumping area capacity. With the data of depth and dumped amount in the dumping area, the changes of bottom topographic which caused by tidal current under the natural condition based on the FVCOM hydrodynamic and sediment module, the author strive to analyze the statistical relation of the changes for dumping amount, tidal current and bottom topographic. Through real data to fit revision coefficient values, which will be regarded as topographic changes reference value affected by wave and storm surges. Thus taking this evaluation as the long-term changes in the dumping capacity. In the premise of setting up the threshold of bottom topographic changes, the dumping area capacity is calculated. Take Yangtze Estuary No. 1 dumping area as an example, As the water depth reduces by 0.5 m annually, the dumping area capacity is about 6.7 million m^3/a, the model results are in reasonable agreement with the actual amount. Then the model is validated in Luoyuan Bay dumping area,Shengsishangchuan Mountain dumping area, Dongding dumping area, Dongshan dumping area, and Wenzhou Port dumping area, it is turns out the results are similar to that of the actual observations. | WANG Zhizu ZUO Juncheng XU Ren JIN Zuowen CHEN Meixiang | 2016 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2016，35，1： | 0 |
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