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| 1 | Hepatitis B and C virus-induced hepatitis: Apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response显示文摘AIM: To investigate the co-incidence of apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response(UPR) in hepatitis B(HBV) and C(HCV) infected hepatocytes.METHODS: We performed immunofluorescence confocal microscopy on 10 liver biopsies from HBV and HCV patients and tissue microarrays of HBV positive liver samples. We used specific antibodies for LC3β, cleaved caspase-3, BIP(GRP78), and XBP1 to detect autophagy, apoptosis and UPR, respectively. AntiHCV NS3 and anti-HBs antibodies were also used to confirm infection. We performed triple blind counting of events to determine the co-incidence of autophagy(LC3β punctuate), apoptosis(cleaved caspase-3), and unfolded protein response(GRP78) with HBV and HCV infection in hepatocytes. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software for Windows(Version 16 SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, United States). P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were performed with Mann-Whitney test to compare incidence rates for autophagy, apoptosis, and UPR in HBV- and HCV-infected cells and adjacent noninfected cells.RESULTS: Our results showed that infection of hepatocytes with either HBV and HCV induces significant increase(P < 0.001) in apoptosis(cleavage of caspase-3), autophagy(LC3β punctate), and UPR(increase in GRP78 expression) in the HCV- and HBVinfected cells, as compared to non-infected cells of the same biopsy sections. Our tissue microarray immunohistochemical expression analysis of LC3β in HBV^(Neg) and HBV^(Pos) revealed that majority of HBVinfected hepatocytes display strong positive stainingfor LC3β. Interestingly, although XBP splicing in HBVinfected cells was significantly higher(P < 0.05), our analyses show a slight increase of XBP splicing was in HCV-infected cells(P > 0.05). Furthermore, our evaluation of patients with HBV and HCV infection based on stage and grade of the liver diseases revealed no correlation between these pathological findings and induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and UPR.CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that HCV and HBV infection activates apoptosis, autophagy and UPR, but slightly differently by each virus. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the interconnections between these pathways in relation to pathology of HCV and HBV in the liver tissue. | Behzad Yeganeh Adel Rezaei Moghadam Javad Alizadeh Emilia Wiechec Seyed Moayed Alavian Mohammad Hashemi Bita Geramizadeh Afshin Samali Kamran Bagheri Lankarani Martin Post Payam Peymani Kevin M Coombs Saeid Ghavami | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，47： | 13 |
| 2 | 河水中百草枯和敌草快的SPE和LC-MS分析方法显示文摘 | Michael S Young Kevin M Jenklns | 2004 | 环境化学2004，23，6： | 12 |
| 3 | Role of microbial dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of esophageal mucosal disease:A paradigm shift from acid to bacteria?显示文摘Genomic sequencing,bioinformatics,and initial speciation(e.g.,relative abundance)of the commensal microbiome have revolutionized the way we think about the“human”body in health and disease.The interactions between the gut bacteria and the immune system of the host play a key role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases,including those impacting the esophagus.Although relatively stable,there are a number of factors that may disrupt the delicate balance between the luminal esophageal microbiome(EM)and the host.These changes are thought to be a product of age,diet,antibiotic and other medication use,oral hygiene,smoking,and/or expression of antibiotic products(bacteriocins)by other flora.These effects may lead to persistent dysbiosis which in turn increases the risk of local inflammation,systemic inflammation,and ultimately disease progression.Research has suggested that the etiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease-related esophagitis includes a cytokine-mediated inflammatory component and is,therefore,not merely the result of esophageal mucosal exposure to corrosives(i.e.,acid).Emerging evidence also suggests that the EM plays a major role in the pathogenesis of disease by inciting an immunogenic response which ultimately propagates the inflammatory cascade.Here,we discuss the potential role for manipulating the EM as a therapeutic option for treating the root cause of various esophageal disease rather than just providing symptomatic relief(i.e.,acid suppression). | Steve M D'Souza Kevin Houston Lauren Keenan Byung Soo Yoo Parth J Parekh David A Johnson | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，18： | 8 |
| 4 | A review of UHMWPE wear-induced osteolysis:the role for early detection of the immune response显示文摘In a world where increasing joint arthroplasties are being performed on increasingly younger patients,osteolysis as the leading cause of failure after total joint arthroplasty(TJA) has gained considerable attention.Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear-induced osteolysis is the process by which prosthetic debris mechanically released from the surface of prosthetic joints induces an immune response that favors bone catabolism, resulting in loosening of prostheses with eventual failure or fracture. The immune response initiated is innate in that it is nonspecific and self-propagating, with monocytic cells and osteoclasts being the main effectors. To date, detecting disease early enough to implement effective intervention without unwanted systemic side effects has been a major barrier. These barriers can be overcome using newer in vivo imaging techniques and modules linked with fluorescence and/or chemotherapies. We discuss the pathogenesis of osteolysis, and provide discussion of the challenges with imaging and therapeutics. We describe a positron emission tomography imaging cinnamoyl-Phe-(D)-Leu-Phe-(D)-Leu-Phe-Lys module,specific to macrophages, which holds promise in early detection of disease and localization of treatment.Further research and increased collaboration among therapeutic and three-dimensional imaging researchers are essential in realizing a solution to clinical osteolysis in TJA. | Adrese M Kandahari Xinlin Yang Kevin A Laroche Abhijit S Dighe Dongfeng Pan Quanjun Cui | 2016 | Bone Research2016，4，2： | 7 |
| 5 | Sequential light programs shape kale (Brassica napus) sproutappearance and alter metabolic and nutrient content显示文摘Different light wavelengths have specific effects on plant growth and development.Narrow-bandwidth light-emitting diode(LED)lighting may be used to directionally manipulate size,color and metabolites in high-value fruits and vegetables.In this report,Red Russian kale(Brassica napus)seedlings were grown under specific light conditions and analyzed for photomorphogenic responses,pigment accumulation and nutraceutical content.The results showed that this genotype responds predictably to darkness,blue and red light,with suppression of hypocotyl elongation,development of pigments and changes in specific metabolites.However,these seedlings were relatively hypersensitive to far-red light,leading to uncharacteristically short hypocotyls and high pigment accumulation,even after growth under very low fluence rates(,1 mmol m^(-2) s^(-1)).General antioxidant levels and aliphatic glucosinolates are elevated by far-red light treatments.Sequential treatments of darkness,blue light,red light and far-red light were applied throughout sprout development to alter final product quality.These results indicate that sequential treatment with narrow-bandwidth light may be used to affect key economically important traits in high-value crops. | Sofia D Carvalho Kevin M Folta | 2014 | Horticulture Research2014，1，1： | 6 |
| 6 | Tumor Antigen Specific Activation of Primary Human T-Cells Expressing a Virally Encoded Chimeric T-Cell Receptor Specific for p185HER2显示文摘We have developed and tested chimeric T-cell receptors (TCR) specific for p185HER2. In these experiments, retroviral vectors expressing the N29γ or N29ζ receptors were constructed in pRET6. Amphotropic viral producer cells were established in the GALV-based PG13 packaging cell line. Ficoll purified human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were virally transduced using an optimized protocol incorporating activation with immobilized anti-CD3/anti-CD28 monoclonal anti- bodies, followed by viral infection in the presence of fibronectin fragment CH296. Transduced cells were co-cultured with human tumor cell lines that overexpress (SK-OV-3) or underexpress (MCF7) p185HER2 to assay for antigen specific im- mune responses. Both CM+ and CD8+ T-cells transduced with the N29γ or N29ζ chTCR demonstrated HER2-specific anti- gen responses, as determined by release of Th1 like cytokines, and cellular cytotoxicity assays. Our results support the fea- sibility of adoptive immunotherapy with genetically modified T-cells expressing a chTCR specific for p185HER2. | 杨建民 Michael S FRIEDMAN Christopher M REYNOLDS Marianne T HUBEN Lee WILKE Jennifer FULLER 李桥 Zelig ESHHAR James J MULE Kevin T MCDONAGH | 2004 | Journal of Microbiology and Immunology2004，2，4： | 5 |
| 7 | Patient comfort and quality in colonoscopy显示文摘AIM: To explore the relationship of patient comfort and experience to commonly used performance indicators for colonoscopy. METHODS: All colonoscopies performed in our four endoscopy centres are recorded in two reporting systems that log key performance indicators. From 2008 to 2011, all procedures performed by qualified endoscopists were evaluated; procedures performed by trainees were excluded. The following variables were measured: Caecal intubation rate (CIR), nurse-reported comfort levels (NRCL) on a scale from 1 to 5, polyp detection rate (PDR), patient experience of the procedure (worse than expected, as expected, better than expected), and use of sedation and analgesia. Pearson' s correlation coefficient was used to identify relationships between performance indicators.RESULTS: A total of 17027 colonoscopies were performed by 23 independent endoscopists between 2008 and 2011. Caecal intubation rate varied from 79.0% to 97.8%, with 18 out of 23 endoscopists achieving a CIR of > 90%. The percentage of patients experiencing significant discomfort during their procedure (defined as NRCL of 4 or 5) ranged from 3.9% to 19.2% with an average of 7.7%. CIR was negatively correlated with NRCL-45 (r=-0.61, P < 0.005), and with poor patient experience (r=-0.54, P < 0.01). The average dose of midazolam (mean 1.9 mg, with a range of 1.1 to 3.5 mg) given by the endoscopist was negatively correlated with CIR (r=-0.59, P < 0.01). CIR was positively correlated with PDR (r=0.44, P < 0.05), and with the numbers of procedures performed by the endoscopists (r=0.64, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The best colonoscopists have a higher CIR, use less sedation, cause less discomfort and find more polyps. Measuring patient comfort is valuable in monitoring performance. | Vivian E Ekkelenkamp Kevin Dowler Roland M Valori Paul Dunckley | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，15： | 5 |
| 8 | Diaporthe species occurring on citrus in China显示文摘Diaporthe species are important pathogens of a wide range of hosts including many economically important crops.Diaporthe citri is generally accepted to cause melanose of Citrus fruits,leaves and shoots;stem-end rot of fruits and gummosis of perennial branches.In this study,147 strains of Diaporthe were isolated from diseased leaves,twigs,fruits and branches of Citrus from Shaanxi,Zhejiang,Guangxi,Fujian,Guangdong,Jiangxi,Hunan,Chongqing and Shanghai and identified by morphology and molecular analysis of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS),partial sequences of translation elongation factor 1-α(EF 1-α),tubulin(TUB)and calmodulin(CAL)genes.All strains from Citrus clustered in three clades.Diaporthe citri was the predominant species and is compared with strains from Florida,USA,where this species was first collected and described.Two new taxa differing from D.citri are described as D.citriasiana and D.citrichinensis in this paper.Inoculation tests indicate that all three species are able to cause stem-end rot of fruits,while only D.citri could cause melanose on leaves. | Feng Huang Xin Hou Megan M Dewdney Yushi Fu Guoqing Chen Kevin D Hyde Hongye Li | 2013 | Fungal Diversity2013，，4： | 4 |
| 9 | Chronic pancreatitis:A diagnostic dilemma显示文摘Typical clinical symptoms of chronic pancreatitis are vague and non-specific and therefore diagnostic tests are required, none of which provide absolute diagnostic certainly, especially in the early stages of disease. Recently-published guidelines bring much needed structure to the diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected chronic pancreatitis. In addition, novel diagnostic modalities bring promise for the future. The assessment and diagnosis of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency remains challenging and this review contests the accepted perspective that steatorrhea only occurs with > 90% destruction of the gland. | Sinead N Duggan Hazel M NíChonchubhair Oladapo Lawal Donal B O’Connor Kevin C Conlon | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，7： | 4 |
| 10 | Epistaxis in end stage liver disease masquerading as severe upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage显示文摘AIM:To describe the prevalence,diagnosis,treatment,and outcomes of end stage liver disease(ESLD) patients with severe epistaxis thought to be severe upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(UGIH).METHODS:This observational single center study included all consecutive patients with ESLD and epistaxis identified from consecutive subjects hospitalized with suspected UGIH and prospectively enrolled in our databases of severe UGIH between 1998 and 2011.RESULTS:A total of 1249 patients were registered for severe UGIH in the data basis,461(36.9%) were cirrhotics. Epistaxis rather than UGIH was the bleeding source in 20 patients. All patients had severe coagulopathy. Epistaxis was initially controlled in all cases. Fifteen(75%) subjects required posterior nasal packing and 2(10%) embolization in addition to correction of coagulopathy. Five(25%) patients died in the hospital,12(60%) received orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT),and 3(15%) were discharged without OLT. The mortality rate was 63% in patients without OLT.CONCLUSION:Severe epistaxis in patients with ESLD is(1) a diagnosis of exclusion that requires upper endoscopy to exclude severe UGIH;and(2) associated with a high mortality rate in patients not receiving OLT. | Marine Camus Dennis M Jensen Jason D Matthews Gordon V Ohning Thomas O Kovacs Rome Jutabha Kevin A Ghassemi Gustavo A Machicado Gareth S Dulai | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，38： | 3 |
| 11 | Accuracy of biometric formulae for intraocular lens power calculation in a teaching hospital显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of three commonly used biometric formulae across different axial lengths(ALs) at one United States Veterans Affairs teaching hospital.METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted from November 2013 to May 2018. One eye of each patient who underwent cataract surgery with a monofocal intraocular lens(IOL) was included. The range of postoperative follow-up period was from 3 wk to 4 mo. The Holladay 2, Barrett Universal II, and Hill-Radial Basis Function(Hill-RBF) formulae were used to predict the postoperative refraction for all cataract surgeries. For each formula, we calculated the prediction errors [including mean absolute prediction error(MAE)] and the percentage of eyes within ±0.25 diopter(D) and ±0.5 D of predicted refraction. We performed subgroup analyses for short(AL<22.0 mm), medium(AL 22.0-25.0 mm), and long eyes(AL>25.0 mm).RESULTS: A total of 1131 patients were screened, and 909 met the inclusion criteria. Resident ophthalmologists were the primary surgeons in 710(78.1%) cases. We found no statistically significant difference in predictive accuracy among the three formulae over the entire AL range or in the short, medium, and long eye subgroups. Across the entire AL range, the Hill-RBF formula resulted in the lowest MAE(0.384 D) and the highest percentage of eyes with postoperative refraction within ±0.25 D(42.7%) and ±0.5 D(75.5%) of predicted. All three formulae had the highest MAEs(>0.5 D) and lowest percentage within ±0.5 D of predicted refraction(<55%) in short eyes.CONCLUSION: In cataract surgery patients at our teaching hospital, three commonly used biometric formulae demonstrate similar refractive accuracy across all ALs. Short eyes pose the greatest challenge to predicting postoperative refractive error. | Kevin S Tang Elaine M Tran Allison J Chen David R Rivera Jorge J Rivera Paul B Greenberg | 2020 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2020，13，1： | 3 |
| 12 | p53-mediated transcriptional regulation and activation of the actin cytoskeleton regulatory RhoC to LIMK2 signaling pathway promotes cell survival显示文摘响应 DNA 损坏的房间命运的中央仲裁人是 p53,它调整涉及房间周期拘捕,幸存和 apoptosis 的基因的表示。尽管 DNA 损坏开始的许多回答被描绘了,肌动朊细胞骨架管理者的角色大部分是未知的。我们现在显示出那 RhoC 和秘鲁利玛机场之代号 kinase (LIMK2 ) 2 是 genotoxic 代理人导致的直接 p53 目标基因。尽管 RhoC 和 LIMK2 在肌动朊细胞骨架规定有生长得很好的角色,我们的结果显示 LIMK2 的激活也有支持幸存的功能追随者 DNA 损坏。由调停 siRNA 的击倒或选择的药理学封锁的 LIMK 抑制敏化房间到无线电 -- 或化疗,以便当与 LIMK 抑制结合了时,当单身地管理了时,是尚不致命的治疗导致了房间死亡。我们的调查结果建议把 LIMK 禁止者与 genotoxic 治疗相结合能比单个代理人的管理更有效,并且加亮在肌动朊细胞骨架管理者和 DNA 之间的一个新奇连接导致损坏的房间幸存机制。 | Daniel R Croft Diane Crighton Michael S Samuel Filipe C Lourenco June Munro Jenifer Wood Karim Bensaad Karen H Vousden Owen J Sansom Kevin M Ryan Michael F Olson | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，4： | 3 |
| 13 | Rho A signaling and blood pressure: The consequence of failing to “Tone it Down”显示文摘Uncontrolled high blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure and contributes to an estimated 25% of deaths worldwide. Despite numerous treatment options, estimates project that reasonable blood pressure(BP) control is achieved in only about half of hypertensive patients. Improvements in the detection and management of hypertension will undoubtedly be accomplished through a better understanding of the complex etiology of this disease and a more comprehensive inventory of the genes and genetic variants that influence BP regulation. Recent studies(primarily in pre-clinical models) indicate that the small GTPase Rho A and its downstream target, Rho kinase, play an important role in regulating BP homeostasis. Herein, we summarize the underlying mechanisms and highlight signaling pathways and regulators that impart tight spatial-temporal control of Rho A activity. We also discuss known allelic variations in the Rho A pathway and consider how these polymorphisms may affect genetic risk for hypertension and its clinical manifestations. Finally, we summarize the current(albeit limited) clinical data on the efficacy of targeting the Rho A pathway in hypertensive patients. | Xue Bai Rachel Dee Kevin D Mangum Christopher P Mack Joan M Taylor | 2016 | World Journal of Hypertension2016，6，1： | 3 |
| 14 | 乏氧条件下X射线诱导神经胶质母细胞瘤T98G细胞的旁效应显示文摘采用条件培养基和共培养处理方式,应用微核形成试验研究人神经胶质母细胞瘤T98G细胞,在乏氧条件下经X射线诱导的旁效应及其发生机制。研究发现,乏氧条件下,X射线诱导未照射组细胞的微核率与相应的照射剂量之间存在显著的正相关关系;条件培养基方式下自由基抑制剂二甲基亚砜(Dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO)可显著降低未照射组细胞的微核率;条件培养基处理乏氧或有氧的T98G细胞,有氧条件培养基处理乏氧细胞引起的旁效应微核率比其它各组均要显著,而诱导型一氧化氮合酶(Inducible nitric oxide syntheses,iNOS)特异性抑制剂氨基胍(Aminoguanidine,AG)可抑制条件培养基所诱导的旁效应。推测乏氧条件下,受辐射的T98G细胞所诱导的旁效应与受照射细胞产生的自由基有关,尤其是活性氧自由基和一氧化氮。 | 张江虹 Kevin M Prise 金一尊 邵春林 | 2008 | 辐射研究与辐射工艺学报2008，26，2： | 3 |
| 15 | Perforated duodenal ulcer:An unusual manifestation of allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis显示文摘Spontaneous perforation of a duodenal ulcer secondary to allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis(EGE) has not been previously reported. We present such a case in a teenager who presented with peritonitis. After exploration and operative repair of his ulcer, he continued to experience intermittent abdominal pain, and further evaluation revealed eosinophilic gastroenteritis in the setting of multiple food allergies. His EGE resolved after adhering to a restrictive diet. Both duodenal ulcers and EGE are very rarely seen in pediatric patients. EGE has a variable presentation depending on the layer(s) of bowel wall affected and the segment of the gastrointestinal tract that is involved. Once diagnosed, it may respond to dietary changes in patients with recognized food allergies, or to steroids in patients in whom an underlying cause is not identified. Our case highlights the need to keep EGE in the differential diagnosis when treating pediatric patients with duodenal ulcers. The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of EGE are also discussed, along with a review of the current literature. | Kevin M Riggle Ghassan Wahbeh Elizabeth M Williams Kimberly J Riehle | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，44： | 3 |
| 16 | Animal models of ex vivo lung perfusion as a platform for transplantation research显示文摘Ex vivo lung perfusion(EVLP) is a powerful experimental model for isolated lung research. EVLP allows for the lungs to be manipulated and characterized in an external environment so that the effect of specific ventilation/perfusion variables can be studied independent of other confounding physiologic contributions. At the same time,EVLP allows for normal organ level function and real-time monitoring of pulmonary physiology and mechanics. As a result,this technique provides uniqueadvantages over in vivo and in vitro models. Small and large animal models of EVLP have been developed and each of these models has their strengths and weaknesses. In this manuscript,we provide insight into the relative strengths of each model and describe how the development of advanced EVLP protocols is leading to a novel experimental platform that can be used to answer critical questions in pulmonary physiology and transplant medicine. | Kevin Nelson Christopher Bobba Samir Ghadiali Don Hayes Jr Sylvester M Black Bryan A Whitson | 2014 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2014，4，2： | 2 |
| 17 | Hzf and hCAS/CSEIL: making the right choice in p53-mediated tumour suppression显示文摘 | Katherine E Ewings Kevin M Ryan | 2007 | Cell Research2007，17，10： | 2 |
| 18 | Image-guided therapies in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A multidisciplinary perspective显示文摘A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) has led to improvements in screening, detection,and treatments. Interventional techniques includethermal ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, and radioembolization whilst stereotactic body radiation therapy also uses imaging to target the radiation. Both survival rates and cure rates have improved markedly since the introduction of these techniques. This review article describes the image guided techniques used for the treatment of HCC. | Jonathon Willatt Kevin K Hannawa Julie A Ruma Timothy L Frankel Dawn Owen Pranab M Barman | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Sensory sacrifices when we mass-produce mass produce显示文摘Plant breeders have been extremely successful at driving genetic improvements in crops.However,‘improvements’are truly a question of perspective.Over the last one-hundred years most plant genetic innovations have been driven by industry demand.Larger fruits,heavier yields,uniformity,increased resistance to disease and better shipping quality are just a few of the traits that have ensured profits on the farm and affordable food for consumers.However,these milestones have come at the expense of sensory qualities,which have been sacrificed in exchange for practical production objectives.With a base of industry-sufficient genetics,today’s breeders can now turn to the consumer for guidance in defining critical desires.New approaches to plant breeding start with the analysis of consumer preferences,and then merge them with modern genomics and analytical chemistry tools.The result is the next generation of crops that meet supply chain demands while presenting improvements in flavor,nutrition,color,aroma and texture.This review analyzes the approach of consumer-assisted selection as it has been applied to tomato and strawberry,two complementary annual crops that have been intensively bred to meet industry expectations.Current breeding efforts start with the consumer,with the objective of reclaiming lost sensory qualities. | Kevin M Folta Harry J Klee | 2016 | Horticulture Research2016，3，1： | 2 |
| 20 | C-reactive protein and radiographic findings of lower respiratory tract infection in infants显示文摘AIM To evaluate the association between C-reactive protein(CRP) and radiological evidence of lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) in infants.METHODS All patients aged less than 4 years who presented with suspected lower respiratory tract infection,who received a peri-presentation chest radiograph and CRP blood measurement over an 18-mo period were included in the study.Age,gender,source of referral,CRP,white cell count,neutrophil count along with the patients' symptoms and radiologist's report were recorded.RESULTS Three hundred and eleven patients met the inclusioncriteria.Abnormal chest radiographs were more common in patients with elevated CRP levels(P < 0.01).Radiologic signs of LRTI were identified in 73.7% of chest radiographs when a patient had a CRP level between 50-99 mg/L.CRP levels were a better predictor of positive chest radiograph findings for those aged greater than I year compared to those 1 year or less.CONCLUSION CRP may be used in patients with suspected LRTI diagnosis to select those who are likely to have positive findings on chest radiograph,thus reducing unnecessary chest radiographs. | Maria Twomey Hannah Fleming Fiachra Moloney Kevin P Murphy Lee Crush Siobhan B O’Neill Oisin Flanagan Karl James Conor Bogue Owen J O’Connor Michael M Maher | 2017 | World Journal of Radiology2017，9，4： | 2 |
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